New Zealand

Bordered by the ocean on all sides, New Zealand is an

island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It
consists of two main landmasses - The North Island, and
The South Island. New Zealand is 2000 km east of
Australia. The country's varied geography and sharp
mountain peaks including the Southern Alps and owe to
tectonic uplift and volcanic eruptions. 38% of the
country is covered with decidous forest.

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Climate
The New Zealand region falls under the
subtropical reign of climatic zones and
experiences a continental type of climate
owing to its proximity to the forest. Most
of the country lies on the coast which means
mild temperatures year-round.

Ecosystem
Terrestrial ecosystems in New Zealand encompass the
full range of temperate vegetation types including
forests, shrublands, grasslands, and dozens of
naturally uncommon ecosystems such as volcanic dunes
and unique geothermal communities.

Flora and Fauna

About 10–15% of the total land area of New Zealand is
covered with native flora, from tall kauri and kohekohe
forests and rainforests with rimu, beech, matai and rata,
ferns and flax. New Zealand has unique native fishes,
lizards and frogs. The native mammals are bats and marine
animals.

Interdependence of Flora and Fauna

Plants provide shelter for animals to live and create
oxygen for them to survive. When animals die, plants
become natural fertilizers and decompose their bodies.
Plants depend on animals for nutrients, pollination and
seed dispersal.

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Human Impact on Forest, New Zealand
In New Zealand, hunting and habitat destruction have led to
what the Ministry for the Environment considers a "serious
decline." Officials estimate that 32 per cent of native land
and freshwater birds in New Zealand have gone extinct and
an additional 800 species of animals, plants and fungi are
considered threatened.

Sky Tower, New Zealand

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