Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

Lesson Plan in Science 10

Third Quarter
(Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA Codon)

Content Standard: The information stored in DNA as being used to make

proteins

Performance Standard: Identify the amino acids coded for by the mRNA
codon using the Genetic Code Table.

Learning Competency: Explain how protein is made using information from

DNA
(S10LT-IIId37).

I. Objectives

Along with the teaching-learning process, students shall have:

1. identified the DNA bases and mRNA codons;

2. recognized the role of DNA and mRNA codons that corresponds to
the amino acids in proteins; and
3. completed the amino acids coded for by the messenger RNA codon
using the Genetic Code Table.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA

Codon
Reference: Alvarez, Liza A., et.al. (2015). Science 10.
1st edition. Department of Education
Materials: PC Tablet, Reference Book, Paper, Genetic
Code Table (Tarpaulin)
Values Integration: Determination in building!

III. Procedure
A. Preparation
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

Prayer
Create conducive environment
Checking of attendance and tasks

B. Review/Drill
Initiate practice test/exercise on related topic on nitrogenous bases
on the previous lesson.

Sample Activity:

Each combination of three nitrogenous bases on the messenger

RNA molecule is a codon, a three letter code for a specific amino acid.
Use the table below to identify the specific amino acid for each
messenger RNA codon.

DNA SEQUENCE: GCA AGT ACC TGA

m RNA: CGU UCA UGG ACU
Amino Acid: Arginine Serine Tryptophan
Threonine

C. Presentation

Activity
Directions: Perform the activity below through identify the amino
acids coded for by the m RNA codon using the Genetic Code Table.

Trace the Code

Objective:

Identify the amino acids coded for by the mRNA codon. Use the
Genetic Code Table for translation of codons to amino
acid/protein.

Materials:

Genetic Code Table

Activity Sheets
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

Procedure:

1. Copy and fill in the table.

2. Refer to the Genetic Code Table to identify the amino acid.

Order of bases in Order of bases in m Order of bases in t Amino Acid Coded

DNA RNA (codon) RNA into Proteins
TAG AUC
CAT
GUC
CCA
Methionine
Valine
ACU
ACA UGU
AAA
GAA CUU

3. To determine the order of bases in the column (DNA), second column

(codon), and third column (anticodon), consider the complementary base pairs
in DNA: adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine. While in
RNA, adenine pairs with uracil and guanine pairs with cytosine.
4. To identify the amino acid, look at the bases in the mRNA codon, e.g., AUG
using the Genetic Code Table. Look for the first letter of the mRNA codon on
the left side of the genetic code table (A), the second letter of the mRNA on
the second letter column (U), and the third letter on the right side column (G).
AUG codes for the amino acid-methionine.
5. Do the same with the other codons in the chart.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

Fig. 1 Genetic Code Table

https://byjus.com/biology/genetic-code/

Analysis
Directions: The students will have shared their perceived ideas or
learning from the concrete performance they have done.

Guide Questions:

1. Why is specific base pairing essential to the processes of

transaction and translation?
2. How many codon/s codes for one amino acid?

Abstraction
Directions: The teacher will have facilitated the discussion and some
enrichments to the class to enhance student’s understanding of the lesson
on Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA Codon.

Amino Acid Coded from DNA-Base & mRNA Codon

- Nucleotide is a carbon ring

structure that contains one or more
atoms of nitrogen. In DNA, there
are four possible nitrogen bases:
adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine
(C), and guanine (G).
- Codon is a set of three nitrogenous
bases in mRNA representing an
amino acid or a start/stop codon.
- Anticodon is the complement of
the mRNA; triplet code in the
tRNA.

Fig. 2 Process of DNA coding to Amino Acid - DNA Replication is a process in

which the DNA is copied.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

- mRNA is a messenger RNA; brings information from the DNA in the

nucleus to the cytoplasm.
- Transcription is a process of copying DNA sequence into mRNA.
- rRNA is a ribosomal RNA; hold tightly to the mRNA and use its
information to assemble amino acids.
- Translation is a process of converting information in m RNA into a
sequence of amino acids in a protein.
- t RNA is a transfer RNA; a type of RNA that attach the correct amino
acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized in the ribosome.
- Genetic Code is a set of rules that specify the codons in DNA or RNA
that corresponds to the amino acids in proteins.

Application
Directions: Read the concept of normal and missense mutation and
complete the figure below.

The figure below shows changes in the sequences of bases in normal

hemoglobin and the one affected by mutation. A recessive gene causes
sickle-cell anemia, where most of the red blood cells stiffen and become
sickle shape in affected people. These diseased cells carry less oxygen
than normal cells. People affected by the disease eventually die.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

Fig. 3 Normal and Missense Mutation of Red Blood Cells

Points Descriptions

9-10 Understanding of concept is clearly evident, uses strategies to get accurate results and
uses logical thinking to arrive at conclusion.
6-8 Understanding of the concept is evident, uses appropriate strategies to arrive at a results
and shows thinking skills to arrive at the conclusion.
3-5 Has a limited understanding of the concept, uses strategies that are ineffective and
attempts to show thinking skills.
0-2 Has a complete lack of understanding of concept and makes no attempt to use a strategy.

Table 2. Scoring Rubrics for Figure Analysis

(Adopted from http://www.google.com/search?q=+rubric+in+science)

Agreement
Directions: Research on the chromosomal mutation and its explain
examples. (10 points each)

Guide Questions:
1. What does chromosomal mutation infer?
2. Cite examples of chromosomal mutation and provide figures
of each?

Prepared by: Noted by:

EMMANUEL II L. GADDAO MARIA ELENA F. MORALES, Ed.
Science Teacher School Head
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

Trace the Code

Objective:

Identify the amino acids coded for by the mRNA codon. Use the Genetic
Code Table for translation of codons to amino acid/protein.

Materials: Pen, Paper, and Genetic Code Table

SCORE: /27

Order of bases in Order of bases in m Order of bases in t Amino Acid Coded

DNA RNA (codon) RNA into Proteins

TAG AUC

CAT

GUC

CCA

Methionine

Valine

ACU

ACA UGU
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Administrative Region
Province of Surigao del Sur
Cortes II District
MATHO INTEGRATED SECONDARY SCHOOL
Matho, Cortes, Surigao del Sur

AAA

GAA CUU