Kinds of Qualitative Research

Case Study

Case study is a research methodology, typically

seen in social and life sciences.
The case study approach allows in-depth,
multi-faceted explorations of complex issues in
their real-life settings
 Case Study

Case studies can be used in various fields,

including psychology, medicine, education,
anthropology, political science, and social
work.
Example of Case Study
 Anna O.

Anna O. was a pseudonym of a woman named

Bertha Pappenheim, a patient of a physician
named Josef Breuer. While she was never a
patient of Freud's, Freud and Breuer discussed
her case extensively.
 Anna O.

The woman was experiencing symptoms of a

condition that was then known as hysteria and
found that talking about her problems helped
relieve her symptoms.
 Anna O.

Her case played an important part in the

development of talk therapy as an approach to
mental health treatment.
 Phenomenology

Phenomenology helps us to understand the

meaning of people's lived experience. A
phenomenological study explores what people
experienced and focuses on their experience of
a phenomena.
 Phenomenology

Phenomenological research (aka the study of

phenomena) is qualitative research that aims to
learn more about people’s lived experiences.
 Phenomenology

It’s used to gain a better understanding of

people’s beliefs, behaviors, attitudes, and
experiences.
 Example of
Phenomenological
Research
 Phenomenology

Losing Family Members To Covid-19 Hasn’t

Been Easy. A Detailed Study Of Survivors
And People Who’ve Lost Loved Ones Can
Help Understand Coping Mechanisms And
Long-Term Traumas.
 Ethnography

Ethnography is a research method central to

knowing the world from the standpoint of its
social relations.
 Ethnography

It is a qualitative research method predicated

on the diversity of culture at home (wherever
that may be) and abroad.
 Ethnography

"Ethnography is the recording and analysis of

a culture or society, usually based on
participant-observation and resulting in a
written account of a people, place or
institution".
 Example of
Ethnographical Research
 Ethnography

Observing the indigenous village

Observing tourist in a province
Observing kids raised by parents who are
authoritarian and involved.
 Grounded Theory

Grounded theory (GT) is a research method

concerned with the generation of theory, which
is ‘grounded’ in data that has been
systematically collected and analysed.
 Grounded Theory

It is used to uncover such things as social

relationships and behaviors of groups, known
as social processes.
 Grounded Theory

Grounded theory is a qualitative method that

enables you to study a particular phenomenon
or process and discover new theories that are
based on the collection and analysis of real
world data.
 Grounded Theory

Unlike traditional hypothesis-deductive

approaches of research, where you come up
with a hypothesis and then try to
prove/disprove it, grounded theory is an
inductive approach where new theories are
derived from the data.
Example of Grounded
Theory
 Grounded Theory

An example of grounded theory would be if a

researcher wanted to study how people form
relationships. They would collect data through
interviews and observation, and then analyze this
data to look for patterns. These patterns would then
be used to develop a theory about how relationships
are formed.
 Historical Analysis

Historical analysis is a method of the examination of

evidence in coming to an understanding of the past.
It is particularly applied to evidence contained in
documents, although it can be applied to all
artefacts. The historian is, first, seeking to gain
some certainty as to the facts of the past.
Historical Analysis

History is more than a narrative of the past; the

discipline cares less for the who, what, where, and
when of an event, instead focusing on how and why
certain events unfolded the way they did and what it
all means
Historical Analysis

History is more than a narrative of the past; the

discipline cares less for the who, what, where, and
when of an event, instead focusing on how and why
certain events unfolded the way they did and what it
all means
Historical Analysis

History is about argument, interpretation, and

consequence. To complete quality historical analysis
—that is, to “do history right”–one must use
appropriate evidence, assess it properly (which
involves comprehending how it is related to the
situation in question), and then draw appropriate and
meaningful conclusions based on said evidence
Example of Historical
Analysis
Historical Analysis

For example, researchers could perform a historical

analysis of an individual’s or a family’s substance use
experiences to understand the present substance use
behavior of that person or group.
Activity

In each kinds of qualitative research, find one (1)

study that uses the kinds of qualitative research.
Then write a summary in each study.