LEVEL 1 (CHAPTER 6)

1.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy, also known as DMD or Duchenne syndrome, is an X-linked

recessive disorder that is inherited which causes muscular weakness, commonly in boys and
men. The pedigree shown above shows the disorder through several generations. What is the
genotype of the individual in Generation 2, person 2 (II-2)?
A. XdXd
B. XDXd
C. XY
D. XdYd

2.

Cheek dimples, known as gelesin, is an indentation on a skin of the human body. Dimples are
usually considered an autosomal dominant genetic trait. If individual II-3 mates with a woman
who has no dimples, what is the probability of the offspring having dimples?
A. 25%
B. 50%
C. 0%
D. 75%
3.

Cheek dimples, known as gelesin, is an indentation on a skin of the human body. Dimples are
usually considered an autosomal dominant genetic trait. With the information provided and using
the pedigree shown, what is the genptype of III-2?
A. Dd
B. DD
C. dd
D. Not enough information is provided

4.

Earlobes come in two ways; attached or detached. A person with attached earlobes will have
their lobes connecting directly to their head while detached will have an extra space where the
detachment line is seen. Earlobe attachment is an autosomal recessive trait. If individuals I-1 and
I-2 were to have another child, what is the probability that their offspring will have attached
earlobes?
A. 0%
B. 75%
C. 25%
d. 100%

LEVEL 2 (CHAPTER 19)

1. Just like animals, plants are multicellular organisms whose bodies are composed of
tissue. DNA extraction from plant tissues is difficult due to the presence of the secondary
polysaccharides. The action of DNA extraction through CTAB from plant tissue is :
a. CTAB complex with nucleic acids which causes formation of precipitate
b. CTAB complex with nucleic acids and do not form precipitate
c. CTAB complex with secondary metabolites
d. CTAB with proteins and do not form precipitates
2. Gel electrophoresis is a method that separates the biomacromolecules and their
fragments. If a couple has a baby and the father believes that the baby isn’t his, how
using gel electrophoresis will the father determine the baby is his?
a. The father’s DNA band will match where the mother’s DNA band
b. The father’s DNA band will match throughout the DNA band of the mother
c. The father has no DNA match
d. The father’s DNA band matches where the baby’s DNA band
3. DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a technique used to identify the
characteristics of their DNA. Using the image below, which suspect is guilty of the crime
based of the DNA that was left at the crime scene?
 a. S3
b. S2
c. S1
d. Not enough information
4. Forensic scientists often use blood left at a crime scene to determine the suspect or actual
criminal. Forensics will either use hair blood or substances to then compare the DNA
samples taken from suspects. A forensic scientist collected blood from a house where a
woman was murdered and then collected DNA samples from 4 suspects. Based on the
DNA samples compared to the one collected at the crime scene, who was the culprit?

A. Suspect 1
B. Suspect 2
 C. Suspect 3
D. Suspect 4
LEVEL 3
1. Goldfish, like many animals in the animal kingdom, vary in skin color. In goldfishes,
orange skin (C) are dominant over black skin (c). However, the recessive allele (dd)
affects whether the offspring of the parents receive any color at all. If the recessive allele
is expressed, the offspring will be albino or in other words, lack the color produced. If
two fishes (Ccdd) have offspring, what would be the phenotypic ratio?
A. 11:5
B. 9:3:4
C. 8:8
D. 9:6:1
2. Two individuals get married. The husband is AB blood and the wife has AB blood as
well. If they have a child, what percentage would be A blood?
a. 75%
b. 25%
c. 100%
d. 0%
3. Subtropical region states like Florida, are common to have mosquitoes. In Florida there
are 14 types of Anopheles mosquitoes, which are responsible for transmitting malaria to
the host when bitten. What are the chemical changes that change the gene expression
within the cell when a host is bitten by an infected mosquito?
a. The acetyl groups will be without any proteins
b. The acetyl groups will become alkaline groups
c. Acetyl groups and methyl groups will be added within tail domains
d. There is not enough information provided
4. Mutations are errors in DNA replication during cell division. There are two types of
mutations, germline mutations which occur in eggs and sperm, and somatic mutations
which occur in body cells. Mutations can affect operon’s genes during transcription. How
does mutation effect the transcription on an inducible operon?
a. It promotes transcription to occur rapidly
b. It decreases the activity within the operon
c. Inactivates the transcription
d. Mutation only decreases the activity rate but does not inactivate transcription