DESAIN DAN SIMULASI INTERIOR KABIN PENUMPANG PESAWAT BOEING 7 3 7 - 3 0 0

DESAIN DAN SIMULASI INTERIOR KABIN PENUMPANG PESAWAT

BOEING 737-300

Dwi Nugraheny, Eko Poerwanto, Tink Tonk Wicaksono

J u ru s a n T e k n ik In fo rm a tik a
S e k o la h T in g g i T e k n o lo g i A d is u tj ip to Y o g y a k a
r ta in fo rm a tik a @ s t ta . a c .id

ABSTRACT
Not only an aircraft technology is growing, a visual display in the cabin o f the aircraft was
already developed according to the need. Currently aircraft interior design can change the
perception o f many people about it. The designers are increasingly creative in designing aircraft
interiors amazing. Interior design visualization Boeing 737-300 passenger cabin aims to provide
an overview better visualization and can facilitate to understanding o f the scope o f a space
including economy-class passenger cabin Boeing 737-300 aircraft in the form o f 3D design and
simulation.
Key Word : Boeing 737-300, Aircraft cabin Interior, 3d design, Simulation 3d.

1. Pendahuluan
P a d a p e rk e m b a n g a n te k n o lo g i s a a t in i k i ta d i tu n tu t u n tu k mampu menguasai te k
n o lo g i . P e n g u a s a a n te k n o lo g i t id a k akan b e r ja la n b a ik ta n p a d i irin g i i lm u p e n g e ta h u
an yang te p a t. P e rk e m b a n g a n te k n o lo g i te la h b e r im b a s pada se g a la b id a n g te rm a s u k in d
u s try ta k te rk e c u a l i in d u s try p e n e rb a n g a n . S a a t in i, t id a k h a n y a te k n o lo g i p e s a w a t te rb a n g y
a n g s e m a k in b e rk e m b a n g , ta m p i la n v isu a l d a la m k a b in p e s a w a tp u n s u d a h b a n y a k b e rk e m
bang se su a i d e n g a n k e b u tu h a n .
Input visual yang akan m e m p e n g a ru h i p e n g a la m a n kenyamanan. In fo rm a s i v is u a l m e m a in
kan
p e ra n u ta m a . Ini a d a la h k e s a n p e r ta m a k e n y a m a n a n .

2. Tinjauan Pustaka
R u a n g k a b in a ta u h a n y a d is e b u t d e n g a n k a b in p a d a p e s a w a t te rb a n g m e ru p a k a n sa
la h sa tu b a g ia n d a r i p e s a w a t te rb a n g y a n g b e r u p a ru a n g a n d ip e ru n tu k a n b a g i p a ra p e n
u m p a n g s e la m a p e n e rb a n g a n . D a la m k a b in p e s a w a t k o m e rsil te rd a p a t d e re ta n te m p a t d u d u k
di m a n a a n ta r b a g ia n u m u m n y a d ip is a h k a n o le h se b u a h “ g a n g ” a ta u ja la n b a g i p a ra p e n u m p
a n g u n tu k le w a t d a n p a ra a w a k k a b in y a n g b ia s a n y a m e m b a w a b a ra n g k e b u tu h a n di a ta s p e s a w
a t.

2.1 Desainer
D e s a in e r c e n d e ru n g ta m p il se b a g a i s e se o ra n g y a n g te ra m p il . M e re k a mengambil dua
ru a n g
lin g k u p d a la m d u n ia k e rja n y a , ru a n g l in g k u p s e c a ra v isu a l d a n s e c a ra k o n se p tu a l. M e re k a
h a ru s m a m p u m e n e l it i g a r is , w a rn a , volume, dan te k s tu r . S e la in itu , h a ru s mampu me
m e rh a tik a n
h u b u n g a n a n ta ra b e rb a g a i h a l d a n m e n e m u k a n ira m a d a la m re p i tis in y a p a d a s e su a tu y a n g m
e re k a lih a t.

2.2 Simulasi
S im u la s i b a n y a k d ig u n a k a n u n tu k m e m b a n tu m e m in im a lk a n re s ik o b ia y a h in g g a k e s a la
han
fa ta l d a la m d u n ia n y a ta , d im a n a te k n o lo g i s im u la s i te ru s d it in g k a tk a n u n tu k b e rb a g a i p e n g g u
n a a n se p e r ti la t ih a n p i lo t p e s a w a t te rb a n g h in g g a u j ic o b a prototype p ro d u k b a ru . S a la h
sa tu dari p e n g g u n a a n s im u la s i te r s e b u t d ia n ta ra n y a a d a la h u n tu k m e m b e r ik a n se b u a h g a
m b a ra n d im a n a
COMPILER S3
Dwi N ugrahE ny, Eko P o E rw an ta , Tink T onk W icaksono

n a n ti d a p a t m e m b a n tu p e r s ia p a n - p e rs ia p a n a p a s a ja y a n g a k a n te r ja d i se h in g g a le b ih m e n g
h e m a t b ia y a d a n w a k tu , sa m p a i n y a w a m a n u s ia .

2.3 Modelling 3D Pesawat Terbang

M e m b u a t m o d e l p a d a 3 D s e ru p a d e n g a n m e m a h a t . B a n y a k te k n ik b e rb e d a y a n g b is a d ig u
n a k a n u n tu k m e n c ip ta k a n o b je k d a la m scene. A d a b e b e ra p a a s p e k y a n g h a ru s d ip e r t im b a
n g k a n b i la m e m b a n g u n m o d e l o b je k d a la m scene. A d a b e b e ra p a a s p e k y a n g h a ru s d ip e r t im b a n g k
a n b i la
m e m b a n g u n m o d e l o b y e k , s e m u a n y a m e m b e r k o n s tr ib u s i p a d a k u a l i ta s h a s il a k h ir. H a l- h a l te
r s e b u t m e l ip u t i m e to d e u n tu k m e n d a p a tk a n a ta u m e m b u a t d a ta y a n g m e n d is k r ip s ik a n o b y e k ,
tu ju a n . d ari m o d e l , t in g k a t k e ru m ita n , p e rh i tu n g a n b ia y a , k e s e s u a ia n d a n kenyamanan
, se rta k e m u d a h a n m a n ip u la s i m o d e l.
S e b a g ia n b e s a r p e s a w a t y a n g m e m b a w a k ru , payload a ta u p e n u m p a n g , b a ra n g d a n b a n y a k
d ari
sy s te m itu d i la k u k a n o le h b a n y a k p e s a w a t te rb a n g y a n g b e ro p e ra s i. D a la m se b u a h p e n e rb
a n g a n te n tu s e o ra n g m e n g in g in k a n k e n y a m a n a n s e la m a p e n e rb a n g a n , a d a b a n y a k h a l y a n g m e
m p e n g a ru h i t in g k a t kenyamanan k a b in b e g i tu p u n s e b a l ik n y a te rd a p a t b e b e ra p a
fa c to r p e n y e b a b k e t id a k n y a m a n a n k a b in p e n u m p a n g .
M o d e l k e n y a m a n a n d a p a t m e m b a n tu d a la m m e n e n tu k a n di m a n a p e rh a t ia n te rb e s a r d ip e r lu k a
n . H a l in i t id a k a n e h , k a re n a k i ta s u d a h m e l ih a t b a h w a h a ra p a n d a n p a n d a n g a n p e r ta m a m e m
a in k a n p e ra n d a la m p e n g a la m a n k e n y a m a n a n . K u rsi p e n u m p a n g s e h a ru s n y a t id a k h a n y a m e
ra s a n y a m a n d a la m ja n g k a p a n ja n g , te ta p i ju g a te r l ih a t n y a m a n . B a h k a n , d e s a in h a ru s m e n d a
ta n g k a n k e n y a m a n a n y a n g t in g g i p a d a p a n d a n g a n p e r ta m a .

3. Desain Model Pesawat Terbang

3.1 Analisis Desain Kursi Penumpang Kelas Ekonomi Pesawat Boeing 737- 300
H a m p ir s e m u a m a sk a p a i di In d o n e s ia m e n g g u n a k a n a rm a d a p e s a w a t B o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 , p e
s a w a t b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 m e m a n g d ik e n a l se b a g a i p e s a w a t te rb a ik p a d a k e la s se je n isn y a . P a d
a p e n u lis a n tu g a s a k h ir p e n u l is m e n g a m b i l d e s ig n k a b in p e s a w a t d e n g a n k e la s e k o n o m
i. D a n d e s a in k a b in p e s a w a t b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 te la h m e m e n u h i s ta n d a r F A R .

3.2 TaskAnalysis
Task analysis a d a la h u n tu k m e n g a n a l is a p e k e r ja a n o ra n g / p e n g g u n a y a i tu te n ta n g a p a sa ja y
a n g m e re k a / p e n g g u n a la k u k a n d a n p e ra la ta n y a n g m e re k a g u n a k a n . S e rta a p a s a ja y a n
g p e n g g u n a h a ru s k e ta h u i .

3.3 Workflow Pembuatan Aplikasi Simulasi

S e te la h m e m p e ro le h d a ta m a s u k k e d a la m ta h a p p e ra n c a n g a n se p e rti blueprint d a n ta m p i la n
graphic user interface. P a d a ta h a p b e r ik u tn y a y a i tu modeling process di m a n a m e ru p a k a n ta h
a p p e m o d e l la n 3 d b e rd a s a rk a n blueprint y a n g d ib u a t p a d a ta h a p p e ra n c a n g a n se b e lu m n y a .

3.4 Perancangan Blueprint

T e k n ik d a la m p e ra n c a n g a n blueprint d is in i m e n g g u n a k a n rulers y a n g d is e d ia k a n o le h A
d o b e i l lu s tra to r s e h in g g a m e m b u a t p e n g g a m b a ra n blueprint ja d i le b ih m u d a h d ik a re n a k a n se tia p
light segmen tool a k a n m e n e m p e l p a d a se tia p rule y a n g s u d a h d is u s u n d a la m k a n v a s k e r ja
se h in g g a se tia p g a ris / line a k a n m e n ja d i te r ta ta d a n le b ih rap i.

3.5 Pemodellan 3D
H a s il d ari blueprintseat y a n g ta d in y a te la h d ib u a t k e m u d ia n di k ir im m e n u ju a p lik a s i 3 d s M
a x se b a g a i p a to k a n d a la m m e n d e s a in . K e m u d ia n h a s il blueprint p a d a viewport d e n g a n c a ra p a d a m
enu
viewport p i l ih viewport backround la lu p a d a background source k l ik folder d a n p i l ih file blueprint.

54 Volume 4, Nomor 2, November 2015

 DESAIN DAN SIMULASI INTERIOR KABIN PENUMPANG PESAWAT BOEING 7 3 7 - 3 0 0

3.6 Texturing
P a d a b a g ia n m o d e l 3 d highpoly d isin i m e re n d e r h a s iln y a a g a r h a s il n a n t in y a a k a n di le ta
kkanpada m enu gallery a p lik a s i. D is in i texture y a n g g u n a k a n p a d a b a g ia n highpoly b e r ju m la h 6 y a
ng
s is ip k a n p a d a tia p m o d e l 3 d.

3.7 Export FBX

S e te la h se le sa i d e n g a n ta h a p modelling d a n te x tu r in g , modelling yang m enggunakan konsep
lowpoly a k a n la n g s u n g di im p o r t m e n ja d i fo rm a t fb x . P e n g a tu ra n u n tu k import fb x in ip u n te r
le b ih d a h u lu d ila k u k a n . S ep erti p a d a p e n g a tu ra n embedmedia s e b e lu m n y a h a ru s di a k t ifk a n te r le b ih
d a h u lu a g a r te x tu re y a n g te la h di ta n a m k a n p a d a m o d e l 3 d ik u t te r im p o r t b e r s a m a m o d e l 3 d.

3.8 Unity
P a d a ta h a p u n i ty in i se n d iri m e n g k o m p o s i t se tia p h a s il asset-asset 2 d y a n g s e b e lu m n y a
te la h d ib u a t m e n g g u n a k a n a d o b e p h o to s h o p d a n a s s e t 3 d y a n g s e b e lu m n y a d ib u a t m e n g g u n a k a
n 3 d s m a x . M e m - b u i ld a s s e t- a s s e t te r s e b u t h in g g a m e n ja d i a p lik a s i s im u la s i y a n g b e r is ik a n
image g a m b a r d a n s im u la s i in te r io r k a b in p e s a w a t.

4. Implementasi dan Pembahasan

T a m p i la n in i m e ru p a k a n ta m p i la n awal pada a p lik a s i di m a n a p a d a ta m p i la n in i a
user se p e rti simulation, gallery, theory, help
p l ik a s i m e m b e r ik a n p i l ih a n k e p a d a dan exit k e p a d a
user d an user d a p a t m e m i l ih se tia p option te rse b u t.

DESAI N DAN SI MULASI

ST T A d i su t j i pt o
I NTERI OR KABI N PENUMPANG
PESAWAT BOEI NG 737-300

G a m b a r l . T a m p i la n A w a l A p lik a s i

COMPILER 55
Dwi N ugrahE ny, Eko P o e rw a n ta , Tink T onk W icaksono

G a m b a r 2 . T a m p i la n S im u la s i D a r i S isi D e p a n

Pada saat user m e m i l ih ic o n simulation m aka user a k a n la n g s u n g m a s u k d a la m s im u la s i in te r

io r
k a b in p e s a w a t boeing 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 . U s e r d a p a t m e n je la ja h i k a b in p e s a w a t te r s e b u t d a n m e m a n ta u
se tiap s u d u t k a b in in te r io r p e s a w a t b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 , S e p e rti ta m p i la n p a d a g a m b a r 2 , G
a m b a r 3 d a n G a m b a r 4.

-m k

7 V
\ f

G a m b a r 3 . T a m p i la n S im u la s i D a r i S isi B e la k a n g

P a d a ta m p i la n ic o n gallery user d a p a t m e l ih a t h a s il g a m b a r d a la m b e n tu k realistic d a la m

b e rb a g a i te k s tu r y a n g b e rb e d a y a i tu d ia n ta ra n y a te k s tu r b a t ik , vector d a n la in - la in . U n tu k
d a p a t m e l ih a t h a s il gambar user dapat menekan a ra h kanan (► ) pada keyboard u n tu k
fordward d a n m e n e k a n a ra h k iri (◄ ) p a d a keyboard u n tu k backward.

56 Volume 4, Nomor 2, November 2015

 DESAIN DAN SIMULASI INTERIOR KABIN PENUMPANG PESAWAT BOEING 7 3 7 -3 0 0

G a m b a r 4 . T a m p i la n D a ri S isi S a m p in g

G a m b a r 5. T a m p i la n Y a n g T e rs e d ia

P a d a ta m p i la n icon theory in i user d a p a t m e l ih a t a ta u m e m b a c a h a l- h a l y a n g b e rk a i ta n d e

n g a n k o n s e p d e s a in in te r io r k a b in p e s a w a t b o e in g 737-3GG s e c a ra te o r it is te rm a s u k a tu ra n u k
u ra n k u rs i p a d a k a b in p e s a w a t b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 .

G a m b a r ó. T a m p ila n Y a n g T e rs e d ia P a d a Isi Icon

Theory

COMPILER 57
Dwi N ugrahE ny, Eko P o E rw an ta , T in k Tonk W icaksono

P a d a ta m p i la n icon help in i user a k a n d ip a n d u u n tu k b a g a im a n a c a ra m e n ja la n k a n s im

u la s i p a d a a p lik a s i in i, S ep erti m e n e k a n Button “ W ” u n tu k g e ra k a n m a ju , b u t to n “ A ” g e ra k a n k
e k iri, button “ S” u n tu k g e ra k a n k e k a n a n , u n tu k m u n d u r d a n button “ D ” u n tu k g e ra k a n k a n a n .
User ju g a d a p a t mengganti model bangku pesawat dengan menekan button 1 pada keyboard
d a n m e n e k a n to m b o l 2 p a d a keyboard u n tu k m e n g g a n t i te k s tu r .

STTAoi sut j i pt o

DESAI NDAN SI MULASI

I NTERI ORKABI N
PENUMPANG
PESAWAT BOEI NG737-300 ©• ®

how to pj

i i

But t on W For war d

L t j' But t on S Backwar d
V 9 * ’«r
But t on A Lef t

But t on D Ri ght

But t on 1 Change Model Seat Change

But t on 2- 6 Text ur e Seat

G a m b a r 7 . T a m p i la n Help P a d a A p lik a s i

5. Penutup
5.1 Kesimpulan
B e rd a s a rk a n h a s il a n a lis a d ari A p lik a s i D e s a in d a n S im u la s i In te r io r k a b in p e n u m p a n g p e
s a w a t b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 m a k a d a p a t d is im p u lk a n :
1. V is u a lis a s i d e s ig n interior k a b in penumpang pesawat b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 d im u la i dengan
m e ra n c a n g blueprint m enggunakan software a d o b e d a la m b e n tu k g a m b a r 2 d , y a n g s e la n ju
tn y a
blueprint te r s e b u t d iu b a h m e n ja d i m o d e l design 3d m enggunakan 3ds max.
2. H a s il d e s a in 3 d k a b in p e n u m p a n g y a n g te la h di b u a t d e n g a n 3 d s m a x s e b e lu m n y a k e m u d ia
n di
import k e d a la m a p lik a s i U n i ty di m a n a a p l ik a s i m e m a in k a n p e ra n n y a se b a g a i software
y a n g m a m p u m e m b u a t s im u la s i y a n g d a p a t m e m o n i to r in g k a b in p e n u m p a n g p e s a w a t b o
e in g 7 3 7 30 0 .
S im u la s i k a b in p a d a p e s a w a t 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 in i d ih a ra p d a p a t m e m b e r i g a m b a ra n s u a sa n a p a d a
k a b in p e s a w a t d a la m b e n tu k s im u la s i b e rb a s is 3 d.

5.2 Saran
D a la m p e la k s a n a a n tu g a s a k h ir in i, a d a p u n b e b e ra p a s a ra n y a n g d ic a n tu m k a n a d a la h
se b a g a i b e r ik u t:
1. P a d a d e s a in d a n s im u la s i p e s a w a t b o e in g 7 3 7 - 3 0 0 in i h a n y a m e n c a k u p p a d a k a b in p e n u m
pang.
K e d e p a n n y a s im u la s i ju g a a k a n m e n c a k u p k o k p i t p e s a w a t
2. D e s a in u n tu k b a n g k u p e s a w a t p e n u m p a n g h a n y a m e n c a k u p p a d a d e s a in k e la s e k o n o m i,
U n tu k k e d e p a n n y a a k a n m e n d e s a in b a n g k u p e s a w a t p e n u m p a n g u n tu k k e la s b is n is d a n v ip.
3. Pada te k s tu r bangku pesawat hanya m enggunakan te k s tu r bitmap, u n tu k ke depa
nnya
d i ta m b a h k a n te k s tu r normal map detail.
a g a r h a s il le b ih
4. A p lik a s i h a n y a b e r ja la n p a d a P C (Personal Computer) U n tu k k e d e p a n n y a a k a n b e r ja la n p a
da
 mobile.

58 Volume 4, Nomor 2, November 2015

 DESAIN DAN SIMULASI INTERIOR KABIN PENUMPANG PESAWAT BOEING 7 3 7 - 3 0 0

DaftarPustaka
A la n D ix , 2 0 0 4 , Human Computer Interaction T h ird E d i t io n , P e a rs o n P re n tic e H a ll.

F e n d i, 2 0 1 2 , Adobe Illustrator Cs5 Untuk Orang Awam, J a k a r ta :M a x ik o m

H e n d ra tm a n , H e n d i, 2 0 1 2 , Tips n Trix Computer Graphics Design. B a n d u n g :In fo rm a tik

a . H e n d ra tm a n , H e n d i, 2 0 1 2 , The Magic o f 3D Studio Max. B a n d u n g : In fo rm a t ik a

R o e d a v a n , R ic k m a n , 2 0 1 2 , Unity Tutorial Game Engine. B a n d u n g : In fo rm a t

ik a . T e g u h W ib o w o , Ib n u , 2 0 1 3 , Belajar Design Grafis. Y o g y a k a r ta : B u k u P in ta r

.

R o s k a m , j . , 1986 , Part III: Layout Design o f Cockpit, Fuselage, Wing an Empannage, Kansas.

V in k , P e te r& B ra u e r K lau s , 2 0 0 1 , Aircraft Interior Comfort and Design, T a y lo r a n d F ra n c is G ro u p ,

U .S .

https:llalvinburhani.wordpress.com/2012/05/28/pengenalan-simulasi-2-2/
d ia k s e s h a r i J u m a t , ta n g g a l 2 9 M e i 2 0 1 5 ja m 2 3 . 1 7 W IB

h t tp : / lnezlounya.blogspot.com/2009/12/modelling-character-3d.html

d ia k s e s h a r i J u m a t , ta n g g a l 2 9 M e i 2 0 1 5 ja m 2 0 . 1 7 W IB

COMPILER 59
Dwi N u gra he n y, Eko P o e rw a n ta , Tink T onk W icaksono

60 Volume 4, Nomor 2, November 2015