MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION, MUMBAI

MICRO PROJECT

ON

“Various Type Of Foundation”

Submitted by :
Aayush Patil(07)
Duhit Patil(08)
Sahil Patil (10)

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Khagesh Akre
In partial fulfilment of Third Semester of
Diploma in Civil Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering

St. John Polytechnic, Palghar

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 A.Y. 2021-22

SR. Page
No Topic No.
1 Defination 3

2 Type of Foundation 3

3 Shadow Foundation 4
(1.Isolated footing, 5
2.Combined footing, 6
3.spread Footing, 7
4.Raft &Mat Foundation) 8

4 Deep Foundation 9
(1.pile Foundation, 10
2.Well &Caission Foundation) 11

Index

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 Various Type Of Foundation
 What is Foundation?
It is the lowestmost part of the structure which
provides the base for superstructure and tramissed
the load superstructure to the subsoil without any
failure.
Type Of Foundation:
Shadow foundation
1. Isolated footing
2. Combined Footing
3. Spread footing
4. Raft & Mat Foundation

Deep Foundation
1. Pile Foundation
2. Well & caission Foundation

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 Shadow Foundation
Foundation which is placed near the surface of the earth or
transfers the loads at shallow depth is called the shallow
foundation.
The depth of shallow foundation is generally about 1
meters or the depth of foundation is less than the footing
width.
A shallow foundation is a rectangular or square shape.

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1.Isolated Footing
Isolated footing is one of the most used types of foundation to
support single-columns when they are arranged at a long
distance.
The categories of isolated foundation are:
Pad Footing
A pad or flat isolated footing is constructed by plain OR
reinforced concrete.
Sloped Footing
Sloped isolated footing requires less concrete and reinforcement
bars than pad footing. 
Stepped Footing
This type of footing includes the construction of a footing step
by step until it reaches the desired width. 

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2.Combined Footing
Whenever two or more columns in a straight line are
carried on a single spread footing, it is called a
combined footing.
Combined Footing are also usually made of reinforce
Concrete.
A combined footing may be rectangular and
trapezoid in plan

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3.Spread Footing
Spread footing are those which spread the super-imposed load
of wall & coloumn over large area.
Spread Footing either wall or coloumn. Spread footing extends
the life of a building by minimizing structural damage. Footings
must be designed to carry the column loads and transmit them
to the soil safely. 
Spread footings may be circular, square, or rectangular. 

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4.Raft &Mat Foundation
A raft or mat foundation is a large continuous rectangular
or circular concrete slab that carries the entire load of the
superstructure and spreads it over the whole area beneath
the building.
Transfer superstructure loads and spread it over the entire
area of the building footprint.
It is used to reduce differential settlement of buildings

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Deep Foundation:
Foundation which is placed at a greater depth or transfers
the loads to deep strata is called the deep foundation.
The depth of deep foundation is generally about 20-65
meters or the depth of foundation is more than the footing
width.
A Deep foundation is a circular or cylindrical shape.

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1.Pile Foundation
A pile foundation is defined as a series of columns
constructed or inserted into the ground to transmit loads
to a lower level of subsoil.
A pile Foundation is depth is more than three time its
breadth.
Type of Pile Foundation are sheet pile, load bearing pile,
timber pile, steel pile, Concrete pile , etc.

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2.Well & Caission Foundation
Wells & Caissons are large-diameter foundations adopted
in an underwater situation such as bridge foundations in
rivers
Well Foundation shape are circular,  square, rectangular,

double -d, etc.

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Type of well foundation are open caission, box caissions,
etc

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 Thanks

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