a.

lokman/Sept2017
 Malaysian system of administration
inherited the modern western
bureaucracy from the British which
includes administrative characteristics
and cultural values (Abdullah Sanusi et
al, 2003).
 Timeline:
› The sultanate era
› The British era
› After independence
› The new millennium

a.lokman/Sept2017
Period Structure Power Focus
Sultanate era Basic Concentrated Ruler (elite)
British era Intermediate Concentrated Divide and
(colonial based) rule
After independence Intermediate Federation Development
(local based)
New millennium Advanced Federation Citizen centric

a.lokman/Sept2017
 Coordinating among government departments in
dealing with specific task was lacking.

 Cooperation between government officials at the

implementation level was low due to lack of
understanding about their duties.

 Government departments did not take careful and

detail planning in line with a government master
plan.

 Departments were too egocentric and believe that

they were more important than the others, resulting in
redundancies of priorities.
a.lokman/Sept2017
 The absence of a Master Plan at all levels as a guide.

 There were significant jealousies among government

departments in performing their daily activities and
contradicting policies especially at the
implementation levels of a program or a project.

 Command and purposeful monitoring from the

higher authority to ascertain government machinery
at all levels were lacking. Consequently, team spirit
deteriorated (become worse) at the cost of
development especially in rural areas.

a.lokman/Sept2017
 The artificial inducement of
administrative transformation against
resistance (Caiden,1969)
 A conscious, well-considered change
that is carried out in a public sector
organization or system for the purpose of
improving its structure, operation or the
quality of its work force (Gow, 2012)

a.lokman/Sept2017
 To enhance and increase the quality of
public services and deliver such goals
and services to the citizens in an
economical, efficient and effective way
(Caiden 1969)

a.lokman/Sept2017
 Successful reforms require ( Abdullah
Sanusi, 1987);
› Changes to process & procedures in
administrative components
› Changes in attitude of administrators,
managers & staff
› Changes to government programs and
action policies

a.lokman/Sept2017
 Public sector productivity
 Merit based performance (KPI)
 Systemic corruption
 Red tapes
 Work culture
 Work priority
 Distribution of resources
 Administrative processes
 Profitable services
 Coordination of services
a.lokman/Sept2017
 Reinventing the government
 Total Quality Management (TQM)
 Privatization
 Malaysia Incorporated
 De-bureaucratization
 Re-organization
 Public-private partnership
 Ethics
a.lokman/Sept2017