Serial-10 CHAPTER VIII-Design of Water Tank

139
CHAPTER EIGHT
DESIGN OF OVERHEAD WATER TANK &
UNDERGROUND WATER RESERVOIR
8.1 Design of Overhead water tank

There are two overhead water tanks constructed over stairs. The design of this water tank
will be done as per WSD.
Determination of Tank size:
Length = 22'
Width = 20'9
Tank height =6'
Free board = 1'
Total tank height = 6 1 = 7'
Select tank size = 15' 10' 7'
Wall Design
= = 1.06 < 2
Here h’ = = = 1.5' < 1 m = 3.28'
Select h’ = 3.28 ft H
D p
h’
Water pressure at point D
W= 62.5 lb/cft
= 62.5 (7 3.28)
= 170psf
a) Determination of moment:
Planning & Design of a 25 Storied Modern Shear Wall Rigid Frame Commercial Structure
140
L
=22 ft
= 20.75 ft
B
Figure 11.1: Fixed End Moment Acting on Water Tank Walls
Fixed end –ve moment for long wall = = = 6856.67 lb ft/ ft
Fixed end –ve moment for short wall = = = 6099.63 lb ft/ ft
Center +ve moment for long wall = = = 5142.50lb ft/ ft
Center +ve moment for short wall = = = 4574.73 lb ft/ ft
b) Determination of Direct Tension:
Direct tension on long wall = w = 170 × = 1763.75 lb
Direct tension on short wall = w = 232.5× = 1870 lb
c) Determination of Cantilever Moment:

Moment = Force Distance
= H
h’
141
= 672.4 lb- ft/ ft
d) Calculation of Wall Thickness:
= 4000 psi
= 0.45 = 0.45 4000 = 1800 psi
= 60,000 psi.
= 0.50 = 0.50 60000 = 30000 psi
= 29 psi
= 57,000 = 3.6 psi
= = =8
= = = 16.67
K = = = 0.324
J=1 =1 = 0.892
Considering bending effect alone,

Design moment M = 6856.67 lb-ft/ft
M=
 6856.67 12 = 0.324 0.892 12
 d = 5.13 inch
h = Effective depth + Clear Cover = 5.13 + 1.5 = 6.53 inch =7inch
Provide h = 7inch; d = 5.5 inch.
e) Reinforcement for long wall:

142
Middle section
for bending moment = = = .395 / ft
for direct tension = = = 0.059 / ft
Total steel requirement = (.395 + 059) = 0.454 / ft X=d
Use 12mm, spacing =  5" c/c = 5.5 - = 2 in
Provide 12mm @ 5" c/c alt. ckd. bars.
Corner Section
for bending moment = X=d
= = .66 / ft = 5.5 - = 2 in
for direct tension = = = .059 / ft
Total steel requirement = (.66 + .059) = 0.72 / ft
Required extra top = = 0.40 / ft
2 12mm extra top in between ckd.
f) Reinforcement for short wall:
Middle Section
 for bending moment =
= = 0.35 / ft
 for direct tension = = = 0.062 / ft
Total steel requirement = (0.35+ 0.062) = 0.41 / ft
143
Use 10mm, spacing = c/c
Provide 10mm @ 3" c/c alt. ckd. bars.
Corner Section
 for bending moment =
= = 0.47 / ft
 for direct tension = = = 0.062 / ft
Total steel requirement = (0. 47 + 0.06) = 0.53 / ft
Required extra top = =0.13250 / ft
Provide 112mm extra top in between ckd.
g) Design of Vertical Reinforcement:
M = 672.4 lb-ft/ft
As = / ft (Govern)
As, min = 0.003bt = 0.003 ×12×7.0 = 0.25 / ft
Select As = 0. 25 / ft
Use 10mm, spacing =
Provide 10mm @ 5.0" c/c.
Distribution Steel which is half of the main steel

Asd = / ft
Use 10mm @10.0" c/c.
h) Slab design
Bottom Slab
= = 1.06 < 2
144
So, it is a two way slab.
Minimum thickness = =5.70 ≈ 6inch, say 6 inch thick slab.
Load calculation:
Dead load of water = 62.5x (6 1) =312.5 psf
Self weight of the slab = ×150 = 62.5 psf
Floor finish (Assume) = 10.0 psf

Total Dead load = 385.0 psf = 0.385 ksf
Live Load = 10 psf = 0.01 ksf
Moment calculation:
= = 0.93
Case 1
=0
=0
For positive moment, = 0.043
= 0.043
= 0.031
Cb ll = 0.031
= (0.043 0. 385 ) + (0.043 0.01 )) = 87.4K-in
= (0.031 0. 385 ) + (0.031 0.01 ) = 71.11 K-in
Check for depth d:

M= Kjb
= = = 5.29" > of 5" (not ok)
So, d = 6"
Assume h =7"
145
Dead load of water = 62.5 (7 1) = 375 psf
Now,
Self weight of the slab = 150 = 75 psf

Total Dead load = 460 psf = 0.460 ksf
= (0.043 0.46 ) + (0.043 0.01 ) = 104.70 K-in
= (0.031 0.46 ) + (0.031 0.01 ) = 84.62 K-in
M= Kjb
= = = 5.792" < 6.0"
So, ok.
Reinforcement calculation:
 Steel for short direction, = = = 0.65 / ft
Minm steel = 0.003bh=0.003×12×7.0 = 0.252 / ft
Provide 12mm @3.5"c/c.
 Steel for long direction = = = 0.527 / ft
Minm steel = 0.003bh=0.003×12×7.0 = 0.252 / ft
Use 10mm, spacing = =4.5"
Provide 12mm @ 4.5"c/c
b) Design of top slab
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= = 1.06 < 2
So, it is a two way slab.
Minimum thickness = = 6 inch.
Load calculation:
Self weight of the slab = ×150 = 62.5 psf

Total Dead load = 72.5 psf = .072 ksf
Moment calculation:
= = 0.93
Case 1
=0
=0
For positive moment, = 0.043
= 0.043
= 0.031
= 0.031
= (0.043 0.072 ) + (0.043 0.01 ) = 18.22K-in
= (0.031 0.072 ) + (0.031 0.01 ) = 14.76 K-in
Check for depth d:

M= Kjb
= = = 1.38" < of 5" (ok)
Reinforcement calculation:
 Steel for short direction, = = = 0.14 / ft
Minm steel = 0.003bh=0.003×12×6 = 0.216 / ft
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Provide 10mm @6.5"c/c.
 Steel for long direction = = = 0.11 / ft
Minm steel = 0.003bh=0.003×12×6 = 0.216 / ft
Provide 10mm @ 10.0"c/c
Reinforcement details of overhead water tank are shown in Figures 8.2~8.6.
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Figure 8.2: Details of Reinforcement Arrangement of Wall of the Overhead Water Tank
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Figure 8.3: Details of Section A-A
149
Figure 8.4: Details of Section B-B
150
Figure 8.5: Reinforcement Details of Bottom Slab
151
Figure 8.6: Reinforcement Details of Top Slab
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8.2 Design of Underground water reservoir
There are two underground water reservoirs (49' x 23' each) at basement floor for
fulfilling the water demand of the commercial and official purposes. Water storage is
made also considering one hour Fire Fighting works. The design of this water tank will be
done as per WSD.
Determination of water requirement
* Official purposes
Water requirement = 45 L/P/D
No. of floor = 15
No. of unit = 30
No. of person = 20 (Assume)
Total required volume of water = 45× 15× 30 × 20 = 405000 L
* Commercial purposes
No. of floor = 10
No. of person = 440 (Assume)/floor
Total required volume of water = 45× 10 × 440 = 198000 L
* Garage purposes
No. of floor = 1
No. of person = 45 (Assume)
Total required volume of water = 70× 1× 45 = 3150 L
* Fire safety purposes

Consider, water storage for 1 hr. fighting,
Water requirement for 1 floor = 250 gal/min
= 250 × 60 gal/hr = 15000 gal/hr
Water requirement for two floor = 2 × 15000 gal = 30000 gal
= 113562.36 L = 113563 L
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Total water requirement for whole structures = (113563 +198000 + 3150 +113563)
= 719713 L
There are two underground water tanks,
Water requirement for per tank = = 359857L = 359m3
= 359× 3.283 ft3

= 12668.2312 ft3
Tank dimension
Let,
Inside width dimension, B =23 ft = 7.01m.
Height = 9.5 ft
Free board = 0.5 ft
Final height = 9.5+0.5=10 ft =3.048 m.
So inside length dimension, L =
Design of long & short walls

The water tank is surrounded by mat foundation .So, the long and short walls are not
required for design as same as other type of underground reservoirs surrounded by earth.
The walls of this reservoirs will be constructed by providing minimum thickness and
reinforcing bars.
The thickness of all walls = 10 inch
Vertical & Horizontal reinforcement:
Use 12mm bars
6.67 inch  6.50 inch c/c
So use 12mm bars @ 6.50 inch c/c
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Design of top slab
= = 2.39 > 2
So, it is a one way slab.

Minimum thickness = 20 inch (Assume)
Load calculation:
Live load = 50.0 psf
Self weight of the slab = ×150 = 250 psf
Floor finish (assume) = 10.0 psf
Total load = 310 psf = 0.31 ksf
d check:
[L= 21.33 + = 23 ft]
M=
Steel calculation:
155
 Main steel
Use 16mm bars
Spacing = = 2.81 inch  2.5 inch c/c
Use 16mm @ 2.5" c/c.
 Distribution Reinforcement
Minimum reinforcement = 0.003bt = 0.003×12×20 = 0.72
Use 12mm bars
3.33 inch  3 inch c/c
Use 12mm bars @ 3 inch c/c.
Design of bottom slab

Since the water tank is surrounded by mat foundation. So, design of bottom slab is not
required.
Reinforcement details of underground water reservoir are shown in Figures 8.7~8.8.
155
Figure 8.7: Details of Reinforcement Arrangement of Wall of
156
the Underground Water Reservoir
157
Figure 8.8: Reinforcement Details of Top Slab of Underground Water Reservoir

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139

8.1 Design of Overhead water tank

Determination of Tank size:

Select tank size = 15' 10' 7'

Here h’ = = = 1.5' < 1 m = 3.28'

Water pressure at point D

Figure 11.1: Fixed End Moment Acting on Water Tank Walls

Fixed end –ve moment for long wall = = = 6856.67 lb ft/ ft

Fixed end –ve moment for short wall = = = 6099.63 lb ft/ ft

Center +ve moment for long wall = = = 5142.50lb ft/ ft

Center +ve moment for short wall = = = 4574.73 lb ft/ ft

b) Determination of Direct Tension:

Direct tension on long wall = w = 170 × = 1763.75 lb

Direct tension on short wall = w = 232.5× = 1870 lb

c) Determination of Cantilever Moment:

= 672.4 lb- ft/ ft

d) Calculation of Wall Thickness:

= 0.45 = 0.45 4000 = 1800 psi

= 0.50 = 0.50 60000 = 30000 psi

= 57,000 = 3.6 psi

J=1 =1 = 0.892

Considering bending effect alone,

 6856.67 12 = 0.324 0.892 12

e) Reinforcement for long wall:

for bending moment = = = .395 / ft

for direct tension = = = 0.059 / ft

Total steel requirement = (.395 + 059) = 0.454 / ft X=d

Use 12mm, spacing =  5" c/c = 5.5 - = 2 in

Provide 12mm @ 5" c/c alt. ckd. bars.

for bending moment = X=d

for direct tension = = = .059 / ft

Total steel requirement = (.66 + .059) = 0.72 / ft

Required extra top = = 0.40 / ft

2 12mm extra top in between ckd.

f) Reinforcement for short wall:

 for direct tension = = = 0.062 / ft

Total steel requirement = (0.35+ 0.062) = 0.41 / ft

Use 10mm, spacing = c/c

Provide 10mm @ 3" c/c alt. ckd. bars.

 for direct tension = = = 0.062 / ft

Total steel requirement = (0. 47 + 0.06) = 0.53 / ft

Required extra top = =0.13250 / ft

Provide 112mm extra top in between ckd.

g) Design of Vertical Reinforcement:

As, min = 0.003bt = 0.003 ×12×7.0 = 0.25 / ft

Use 10mm, spacing =

Provide 10mm @ 5.0" c/c.

Distribution Steel which is half of the main steel

Use 10mm @10.0" c/c.

So, it is a two way slab.

Minimum thickness = =5.70 ≈ 6inch, say 6 inch thick slab.

Floor finish (Assume) = 10.0 psf

For positive moment, = 0.043

= (0.031 0. 385 ) + (0.031 0.01 ) = 71.11 K-in

Check for depth d:

= = = 5.29" > of 5" (not ok)

Dead load of water = 62.5 (7 1) = 375 psf

Self weight of the slab = 150 = 75 psf

Floor finish (Assume) = 10.0 psf

= (0.043 0.46 ) + (0.043 0.01 ) = 104.70 K-in

= (0.031 0.46 ) + (0.031 0.01 ) = 84.62 K-in

= = = 5.792" < 6.0"

 Steel for short direction, = = = 0.65 / ft

Minm steel = 0.003bh=0.003×12×7.0 = 0.252 / ft