CHEMISTRY

Chemistry is the science that studies the

properties, composition and structures of matter
and the changes it undergoes.
Branches:
Chemistry is the science that studies the properties, composition and structures of matter and the
changes it undergoes.

Branches:

• Organic Chemistry – deals with the structure, properties, and reactions of compounds that contain
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus.
• Inorganic Chemistry – study of all elements and compounds that aren’t organic compounds
• Analytical Chemistry – study of qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements and compounds.
• Biochemistry – study of chemical reactions that happen within the biological processes

Properties
• Physical Properties – those that a substance shows by itself, without changing or interacting with
another substance, e.g. color, melting point, and density
• Chemical Properties – those that a substance shows as it changes into or interacts with another
substance, e.g. flammability, corrosiveness
• Intrinsic/Intensive Properties – independent of the amount of material, e.g. solubility, boiling point,
density
• Extrinsic/Extensive Properties – dependent on the amount of material, e.g. mass, weight, volume

Changes in Matter
• Physical change – occurs when a substance alters its physical form, NOT its composition (melting,
sublimation, evaporation, condensation, freezing, deposition)
• Chemical Change– occurs when a substance is converted into a different substance (chemical reactions
such as burning and oxidation)

States of Matter
• Solid – has a fixed shape with particles close together and organized
• Liquid – conforms to the container’s shape but fills the container only to the extent of the liquid’s
volume with particles which are close together but disorganized
• Gas – conforms to container shape but fills the entire container and with particles far apart and
disorganized I. Substances – pure matter; composition same throughout; single phase A. Elements –
substances made up of only one kind of atom
• Metals (electric conductors)
• Nonmetals (non-conductors)
• Metalloids (semi-conductors)