CONFIDENTIAL 1 EM/DEC 2021/MEC521

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

ODL EXAM / TEST 1

COURSE : VIBRATIONS
COURSE CODE : MEC521
EXAMINATION : DECEMBER 2021
TIME : 9.30 AM – 11.55 AM (2 HOURS 25 MINUTES)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. This question paper consists of THREE (3) separate parts divided into CO1, CO2 and CO3
respectively.

2. All students are required to fill in an Integrity Declaration and Attendance form which can be
accessed at: https://bit.ly/INTEGRITYDeclarationFKMUiTM

3 Actual Time Allocations for this ODL Exam/ Test are:

PART 1 - EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO1 - 25 MINUTES (Open from 9.30 AM – 9.55 AM)
PART 2 - EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO2 - 1 HOURS (Open from 10.10 AM – 11.10 AM)
PART 3 - EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO3 - 25 MINUTES (11.30 AM – 11.55 AM)

BEFORE starting the examination/ test:

• To read the ODL Examination/ Test Front Page Instruction
• To fill in the Integrity Declaration and Attendance form

AFTER each of the examination/ test:

• To prepare Soft Copy for Answer File(s)
To upload the Answer File(s) in the Main Submission Platform
(https://ufuture.uitm.edu.my)

4. Please check to make sure that this ODL examination/ test pack consists of:
i) ODL Examination/ Test Front Page Instruction
ii) ODL Examination/ Test Question - Divided into THREE (3) parts in the
https://ufuture.uitm.edu.my

a) EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO1 (OKTOBER 2021 - FEBRUARY 2022)

(The exam link: EXAM 1 ODL - CO1 – DEC 2021)
(will be available on 11/12/2021 from 9.30 AM – 9.55 AM – Just click
start for a countdown timer of 25 minutes) (Please adhere to a time
limit and only one attempt is allowed)

© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

 CONFIDENTIAL 2 EM/DEC 2021/MEC521

b) EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO2 (OKTOBER 2021 - FEBRUARY 2022)

(The exam link: EXAM 1 ODL -CO2 -DEC 2021)
(will be available on 11/12/2021 from 10.10 AM – 11.25 AM – (Just click
start for a countdown timer of 75 minutes-Students are given 15 minutes
of buffer time to upload the answers) (Please adhere to a time limit and
only one attempt is allowed to upload your answer)

c) EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO3 (OKTOBER 2021 - FEBRUARY 2022)

(The exam link: EXAM 1 ODL -CO3 -DEC 2021)
(will be available on 11/12/2021 from 11.30 AM – 11.55 AM – Just click
start for a countdown timer of 25 minutes) (Please adhere to a time limit
and only one attempt is allowed)

5. Answer ALL questions in English. You should limit length of your answer and allocate your
time approximately as follows:

QUESTION (MARK) [CO] ACTUAL TIME TYPE of QUESTION

EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO1 25 minutes Fifteen (15) Multiple Choice (only
(OKTOBER 2021 - 1attempt is allowed)
FEBRUARY 2022) (7.5
MARKS)
EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO2 75 minutes (Inclusive Short Answer/Essay
(OKTOBER 2021 - of 15 minutes of
FEBRUARY 2022) (15 buffer time to upload
MARKS) the answers)
EXAM 1 (ODL) - CO3 25 minutes Fifteen (15) Multiple Choice (only
(OKTOBER 2021 - 1attempt is allowed)
FEBRUARY 2022) (7.5
MARKS)

6. For the Multiple-Choice Questions - select the right answer directly from the given questions
in the UFUTURE platform.

7. For the Short Answer/Essay Questions - Answer ALL questions on any blank and white
sheet paper using a Black/ Blue Pen. Prepare and save All Answers in ONE (1) Soft Copy
File. All Soft Copy File MUST be in PDF format (Please write your FULL NAME & ID No)

8. Upload the Answer File(s) in the Main Submission platforms: UFUTURE

9. This is an open book examination; you may refer to any available materials you wish. However,
you are not allowed to plagiarize the answer from any available sources.

10. You are not allowed to communicate, share and exchange answers with other students
11. Please contact your lecturer if you have any problem to upload the Answer File(s) in the stated
submission platform.

12 Please adhere to the specified timeframe, otherwise the mark(s) for late submission will be
deducted as follows:

• For every five (5) minutes late – 2 marks will be deducted.

© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

 CONFIDENTIAL 3 EM/DEC 2021/MEC521

13. If you have a connection problem while uploading the answer, please send the answer to the
lecturer’s email according to the respective student groups. *This option is only accepted
within the specified timeframe.

Lecturer Name Email

Prof. Madya Ir. Dr. Mohd Azmi Yunus mayunus@uitm.edu.my
Ir. Ts. Dr. Mohammad Azzeim Mat Jusoh m_azzeim@uitm.edu.my
Ts. Dr. Muhamad Azhan Anuar azhan788@uitm.edu.my
Ts. Dr. Muhamad Sukri Hadi msukrihadi@uitm.edu.my
Dr. Abdul Malek Abdul Wahab abdmalek@uitm.edu.my
Dr. Mohd Nor Azmi Ab Patar azmipatar@uitm.edu.my
Dr. Muhamad Norhisham Abdul Rani mnarani@uitm.edu.my
Dr. Noor Ayuni Che Zakaria ayuni8098@uitm.edu.my
Dr. Valliyappan David A/L Natarajan davidfkm@uitm.edu.my
Mr. Mohd Hanif Mat@Muhammad mhanif76@uitm.edu.my

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages

© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

 CONFIDENTIAL 4 EM/DEC 2021/MEC521

APPENDIX A

Some useful equations for vibrations analysis

_________________________________________________________________________
𝑥̇
Free vibration of an undamped system 𝑥̈ +𝜔𝑛2 𝑥 = 0; 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑥𝑜 cos 𝜔𝑛 𝑡 + 𝜔𝑜 sin 𝜔𝑛 𝑡
𝑛
Free vibration with damping system 𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 0; 𝜔𝑑 = 𝜔𝑛 √1 − 𝜁 2

For 0 < 𝜁 < 1; 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝜉𝜔𝑛 𝑡 (𝐴1 cos 𝜔𝑑 𝑡 + 𝐴2 sin 𝜔𝑑 𝑡)

For 𝜁 = 1; 𝑥(𝑡) = (𝐴1 + 𝑡𝐴2 )𝑒 −𝜔𝑛 𝑡
2 2
For 𝜁 > 1; 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝐴1 𝑒 (−𝜁+√𝜁 −1)𝜔𝑛 𝑡 + 𝐴2 𝑒 (−𝜁−√𝜁 −1)𝜔𝑛 𝑡
2𝜋𝜁 1 𝑥
Logarithmic decrement, 𝛿 = 2
= 𝑛 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 1
√1−𝜁 𝑛+1
_________________________________________________________________________
Forced vibration of undamped system 𝑚𝑥̈ +𝑘𝑥 = 𝐹0 cos 𝜔𝑡;
𝐹0
𝑥(𝑡) = 𝐴1 cos 𝜔𝑛 𝑡 + 𝐴2 sin 𝜔𝑛 𝑡 + cos 𝜔𝑡
𝑘 − 𝜔2𝑚
𝑋 1
Magnification factor, 𝑀 = 𝛿 = 𝜔 2
𝑠𝑡 1−( )
𝜔𝑛
̇ 𝑘𝑥 = 𝐹0 cos 𝜔𝑡;
Forced vibration of damped system 𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥 +
𝐹0 𝑐𝜔
𝑥𝑝 (𝑡) = 𝑋𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜙) where 𝑋 = [(𝑘−𝜔2 2 2 2 ]1/2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜙 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
𝑚) +𝑐 𝜔 𝑘−𝜔2 𝑚

Forced damped vibration from base excitation

𝑚𝑥̈ + 𝑐(𝑥̇ − 𝑦̇ ) + 𝑘(𝑥 − 𝑦) = 0
1/2
𝑘 2 +(𝑐𝜔)2 𝑚𝑐𝜔3
𝑥𝑝 (𝑡) = 𝑋𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜙) where 𝑋 = 𝑌 [(𝑘−𝜔2 𝑚)2 +(𝑐𝜔)2 ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜙 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [𝑘(𝑘−𝜔2 𝑚)+(𝜔𝑐)2 ]

Forced damped vibration from unbalance force

𝑀𝑥̈ + 𝑐𝑥̇ + 𝑘𝑥 = 𝑚𝑒𝜔2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡

𝑚𝑒𝜔2 𝑐𝜔
𝑥𝑝 (𝑡) = 𝑋𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜙) where 𝑋 = [(𝑘−𝜔2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜙 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [(𝑘−𝜔2 ]
𝑀)2+(𝑐𝜔)2 ]1/2 𝑀)
_________________________________________________________________________
𝑑 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑈
Lagrange's Equation, 𝑑𝑡 (𝜕𝑞 ̇ ) − 𝜕𝑞 + 𝜕𝑞 = 𝑄𝑗
𝑗 𝑗 𝑗
1
Eigenvector/ Eigenvalue, {𝜆[𝐼] − [𝑘]−1 [𝑀]}𝑋 = 0, 𝜆 = 𝜔2
1
Dunkerley's Formula, ≅ 𝑎11 𝑚1 + 𝑎22 𝑚2 +∙∙∙ +𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑚𝑛
𝜔12
𝑋 𝑇 [𝐾]𝑋 𝑔 ∑𝑖 𝑚𝑖 𝑦𝑖
Rayleigh's Quotient, 𝜔2 = 𝑋 𝑇 [𝑀]𝑋 𝜔1 = √ ∑ 2 ,
𝑖 𝑚𝑖 𝑦𝑖

© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

 CONFIDENTIAL 5 EM/DEC 2021/MEC521

APPENDIX B

Deflections of beams

© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL