HỮU CƠ CẦN NHỚ KHI ĐI THI

AXIT CÁC GỐC HIDROCACBON

CH₃-: metyl
C₂H₅-: etyl
CH₂=CH- : Vinyl
CH₂=CH-CH₂- : Anlyl
C₆H₅- : phenyl
C₆H₅-CH₂-: benzyl
CH₃-CH(CH₃)-CH₂-CH₂- : Isoamyl
(CH₃)₂CH- : Isopropyl
(CH₃)₂CH-CH₂-CH₂-: Isopentyl
(CH₃)₃C-CH₂-: Neopentyl
(CH₃)₃C- : Tert-butyl
CH₃-CH₂C(CH₃)₂- : Tert-pentyl
CH₃-CH₂-CH(CH₃)- : sec-butyl

B. HIDROCACBON
CH₂=CH-C≡CH : Vinylaxetilen
CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂: Buta-1,3-dien (Đivinyl)
CH₂=C=CH₂: Anlen
(CH₃)₄C: Neopentan
CH₃=C(CH₃)-CH=CH₃: Isopren
C₆H₄(CH₃)₂: xilen
C₆H₅CH₃: toluen

C. ANĐEHIT
HCHO: Andehit fomic (metanal)
CH₃-CHO: Andehit axetic (etanal-axetandehit)
(CHO)₂: Andehit oxalic
CH₂=CH-CHO: Andehit acrylic

D. AXIT CACBOXYLIC
HCOOH: Axit Fomic
CH₂=CH-COOH: AXIT acrylic
CH₂=C(CH₃)-COOH: AXIT metacrylic
C₆H₅-COOH: AXIT benzoic
(COOH)₂: AXIT Oxalic
CH₂-(COOH)₂: AXIT Malonic
(CH₂-COOH)₂: AXIT Succinic
(CH₂)₃(COOH)₂: AXIT Glutaric
(CH₂)₄(COOH)₂: AXIT Adipic
HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-CH(NH₂)-COOH: AXIT glutamic
C₁₅H₃₁COOH: AXIT pantmitic
C₁₇H₃₅COOH: AXIT Stearic
C₁₇H₃₃COOH: AXIT Oleic
C₁₇H₃₁COOH: AXIT Linoleic

E. CACBOHIĐRAT
CH₂OH(CHOH)₄-CHO: Glucozơ
CH₂OH(CHOH)₃-CO-CH₂OH: Fructozơ
C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁: Saccarozơ
(C₆H₁₀O₅)n: Tinh bột
[C₆H₇O₂(OH)₃]m: Xenlulozơ
CH₂OH(CHOH)₄CH₂OH: Sorbitol

F. AMIN - AMINO AXIT

CH₃NH₂: Metylamin
C₂H₅NH₂: Etylamin
CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂: Propylamin
CH₃CH(NH₂)CH₃: Isopropylamin
H₂N(CH₂)₆NH₂: Hexametylenđiamin
C₆H₅NH₂: Anilin
H₂NCH₂COOH: Gly
CH₃CH(NH₂)COOH: Ala
(CH₃)₂CHCH(NH₂)COOH: Val
HOOC(CH₂)₂CH(NH₂)COOH: Glu