INGLÉS

SEMANA N° 2

TEMA: SIMPLE PRESENT: AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND QUESTION FORMS.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY / WORD ORDER IN QUESTIONS: WH – WORDS.
VOCABULARIO: ROUTINES / TELLING TIME/ DAYS OF THE WEEK/JOBS

I. SIMPLE PRESENT

We use Present Simple in order to talk about:

✓ Facts (hechos)
✓ Feelings (emociones)
✓ Opinions (opiniones)
✓ Timetables (horarios, actividades ya programadas)
✓ Daily routines (rutinas)
✓ Scientific facts (hechos científicos)
✓ Regular habits (hábitos)
✓ States of mind (estados de ánimo)
✓ Newspaper headings (titulares de diarios)
✓ Telling jokes and stories (al contar chiste y anécdotas)
✓ Permanent and long-lasting situations (acontecimientos permanentes o duraderos)

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

VERBS: WRITE / PLAY
(Presente simple / Verbos “escribir” / “jugar (tocar algún instrumento)”

MODO AFIRMATIVO MODO INTERROGATIVO MODO NEGATIVO

I write Yo escribo. Do I play? ¿Yo juego? I do not play. Yo no juego.
You write Tú escribes. Do you play? ¿Tú juegas? You do not play. Tú no
juegas.
He writes Él escribe. Does he play? ¿Él juega? He does not play. Él no juega.
She writes Ella escribe. Does she play? ¿Ella juega? She does not Ella no
play. juega.
It writes Eso escribe. Does it play? ¿Eso juega? It does not play. Él / Ella no
juega.
We write Nosotros/as Do we play? ¿Nosotros/as We do not play. Nosotros/as
escribimos. jugamos? no jugamos.
You write Ustedes Do you play? ¿Ustedes You do not play. Ustedes no
escriben. juegan? juegan.
They write Ellos/as Do they play? ¿Ellos/as They do not play. Ellos/as no
escriben. juegan? juegan.

Affirmative:
1. Do not use the auxiliary in affirmative tenses: do, does
(No se usa el auxiliar en oraciones afirmativas: do, does)

2. Add “s” to the main verb or “-es” for the 3rd person singular (he, she, it),
(Agregar “s” al verbo principal o “-es” para la tercera persona singular)
-1-
 SPELLING OF THIRD PERSON
(ortografía para verbos en 3° persona singular)
Most verbs: Add “s” read reads Martha dances ballet.
(Martha baila ballet.)

Verbs ending with consonant fly flies He studies at home.

and “y”: change “y” for “-ies” (Él estudia en casa.)

Verbs ending in sibilant sounds – fix fixes He watches TV.

s, -z, -ch, -sh, or –x add “ es” (Él ve TV.)

The verb “have” has its own form have has She has a lovely dress.
(Ella tiene un adorable
vestido.)

Negative form

RULE EXAMPLE
(subject + negative auxiliary + main verb + comp.)

I, you, we, they do + not (don´t) They do not swim. (Ellos no

nadan.)
he, she, it does + not (doesn´t) He does not swim. (Él no nada.)

Exercise 1
Choose the right answer.

1. A) They doesn’t go to school.

B) They don’t goes to school.
C) They don’t go to school.

2. A) We sometimes reads books.

B) I don’t like mushrooms.
C) He reades a lot of books.

3. Does ___ _____ a new car?

A) he want B) he wants
C) she wants D) he don’t want

4. The store ____ at 12:00 p.m.

A) don’t open B) doesn’t open
C) leave D) open

-2-
 5. ____ Carla ____ Physics?
A) Does / studies B) Does / study
C) Does / studyes D) Do / study

6. ____ Sarah and Pan ____ to parties every weekend?

Yes, they ____
A) Do / go / does B) Do / go / don’t
C) Do / go / do D) Do / go / doesn’t

II. ADVERBS OF FRECUENCY

Simple present tense is generally El presente simple aparece generalmente

accompanied by an adverb of frequency. acompañado por un adverbio de frecuencia.

Adverbios de
Freq. Frequency adverb Examples
frecuencia
siempre I always go cycling on Sundays. (Siempre voy en
100% always
bicicleta los domingos.)
muy a menudo I often go to the bookstore. (A menudo voy a la tienda
90% very often de libros.)

I often clean my bedroom. (A menudo limpio mi

80% often
a menudo cuarto.)
I frequently visit my parents in the afternoons.
70% frequently
frecuentemente (Frecuentemente visito a mis padres en las tardes.)
Usualmentev/
usually/ normally/
50% normalmente / We usually drink coffee. (Usualmente tomamos café.)
generally
generalmente
She sometimes visits me at home. (Ella a veces me
40% sometimes
a veces visita en casa.)
He occasionally wears a suit. (Él ocasionalmente viste
30% occasionally
ocasionalmente terno.)
10% raramente rarely I rarely smoke. (Raramente fumo.)
I hardly ever go to Gamarra. (Casi nunca voy a
5% hardly ever/seldom
casi nunca Gamarra.)
I never eat meat. (Nunca como carne.)
0% nunca never

-3-
 Position of frequency adverbs
(Posición de los adverbios de frecuencia)

Use with full verbs Use with verb “TO BE”

Subject Adverb Verb Subject Verb Adverb

I, you, Always do the homework I, am usually busy at work
we, they Never go to the park you,we,they are always on my mind
his/her homework He,she, is generally early for school
He, she, always does It is never sunny in winter
It Never runs at the park
- The frequency adverb goes before the verb. - The frequency adverb goes after the verb to
be.
- The frequency adverb doesn’t change the
verbs in simple present.

Exercise 2
Circle the correct sentence.

1. A) Max never wants to work.

B) Max never wants to works.
C) Max never want to work.
D) Max wants never to work.

2. A) Mrs. Sally it’s always serious.

B) Mrs. Sally is alway serious.
C) Mrs. Sally is always serious.
D) Mrs. Sally always is serious.

3. A) Why Sally always tired?

B) Why is always Sally tired?
C) Why Sally always is tired?
D) Why is Sally always tired?

4. A) They sometimes plays tennis.

B) He sometimes plays tennis.
C) He plays sometimes tennis.
D) They never plays tennis.

III. Word order in questions

To form a question, we place Do in front of I, you, auxiliary verb + subject + main verb
we, they, or, Does in front of he, she, it do + I/you/we/they + base form
does + he/she/it + form

Do you go to school by bus?

Para construir preguntas colocamos Do delante de
Does she go to school by bus?
I, you, we, they o Does delante de he, she , it

-4-
Aditional question words

Question Examples Pronom Ejemplos

words
who Who is the prettiest girl?
Maria is the prettiest.
where Where is Madrid? In the
centre of Spain.
interrog
Quién ¿Quién es la chica más guapa?
María es la más guapa.
Dónde ¿Dondé está Madrid? En el
centro de España.

why Why is he angry? Because Por qué ¿Por qué está enfadado? Porque
he lost his wallet. perdió su billetera.

when When is your birthday? Cuándo ¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños?

On March 8th El 8 de marzo.

how How do say "agua" in Cómo ¿Cómo se dice "agua" en inglés?

English? Water Water
what What are you reading? Qué ¿Qué estás leyendo? Una
A magazine. revista.
which Which one do you like most? Cuál ¿Cuál te gusta más? El azul.
The blue one.
whose Whose is this jacket? It's De quién ¿De quién es esta casaca? Es
Fred's. de Fred.
what kind What kind of films do you Qué tipo ¿Qué tipo de películas te gusta?
like? Horror films. de Películas de terror.
what time What time do you have A qué hora ¿A qué hora desayunas?
breakfast?
how How much sugar do we Cuánto/a ¿Cuánta azúcar necesitamos?
much need? 2 kilos. 2 kilos.
how How many boys are there? Cuántos/a ¿Cuántos chicos hay? Hay 5.
many There are 5. s
how long How long did you live in Durante ¿Durante cuánto tiempo viviste
Paris? 1 year. cuánto en París? 1 año.
tiempo
how often How often do you go to the Con qué ¿Con qué frecuencia vas al cine?
cinema? Once a month. frecuencia Una vez al mes.
how far How far is the bank? A qué ¿Qué tan lejos está el banco?
About 2km. distancia Alrededor de 2km.
how old How old are you? Cuántos ¿Cuántos años tienes?
I'm 24. años Tengo 24.

Exercise 3
Choose the correct option.

1 There are four jackets. _____ is yours?

A) Where B) Which
C) What D) How many

2 _____ is the capital of Argentina?

A) Where B) Who

-5-
C) What D) Which

3) _____ did you make the cake?

A) What B) How
C) Which D) Who

4) “The red one please.”

A) Which dress do you prefer, blue or red?
B) Where is it?
C) What dress do you prefer, blue or red?

5) ____ ate the cake?

A) What B) Which
C) Where D) Who

IV. Jobs and workplaces (empleos y lugares de trabajo)

Workplaces
(lugares de trabajo)

Banco Oficina Restaurante Fábrica Hospital Calle Escuela

bank office restaurant factory hospital street school
empleo banquero recepcionista cocinero empleado doctor policía maestro
cajero secretaria mesero albañil dentista chofer alumno
Job banker receptionist chef worker doctor police teacher
cashier secretary waiter builder dentist driver student

V. Days of the week

Week days Weekend

(días de la semana) (fin de semana)

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

lunes martes miércoles jueves viernes sábado domingo

VI. The time

Examples:
3:00 It’s five o’clock
(cinco en punto)
2:10 It’s twenty-five past four.
(cuatro y veinticinco.)
4:30 It’s half past eight.
(ocho y media)
5:45 It’s a quarter to seven.
(un cuarto para las siete)

-6-
 EVALUATION

I. Choose the correct answer.

1. A: _____ you live in a house or a flat?

B: I live in a flat in London, near my college.
A) Do B) Don´t C) Is D) Does

2. A: _____ you live alone?

B: No, I don't. I share the flat with my brother.
A) Do B) Don’t C) Does D) Isn’t

3. A: Did you tell her?

B: Shhhh… She ____ know about us.

A) have B) doesn’t C) are D) has

II. Read the following dialogue and choose the correct answer.

Ryu: Hi Ken. Are you free tonight?

Ken: I think so. Why?
Ryu: Because there’s a new science-fiction movie at the theater. Would you like to see it?
Ken: No, thanks. I don’t like science-fictions.
Ryu: Oh... What about a comedy then? There’s one starring Adam Sandler.
Ken: I don’t know. I don’t really like his movies.
Ryu: What about a pop concert then?
Ken: Well, I am not into pop music.
Ryu: Oh, I understand now, it’s Thursday today and your favorite sitcom is on TV!
Ken: You know me very well RYU... You are welcome to watch it with me.
Ryu: That’s a great idea! Let’s meet at your place at 7:30 then!

4. Ken doesn’t want to go the movie theater with Ryu, because...

A) he wants to be alone
B) he wants go to a soccer match
C) he doesn’t like thrillers
D) he doesn't want to miss his favorite TV show

5. Ken's initial excuse not to go to the pop concert is that ...

A) his favorite sitcom is on tonight
B) he is very busy tonight
C) he is fond of classical music
D) he is not interested in pop music

6. They are going to watch ...

A) a thriller
B) Ken’s favorite sitcom
C) Adam Sandler's comedy movie
D) a pop music show on TV.

-7-
III. Circle the right alternative.

7. ____ _____ candies do you have?

A) How/much B) How/many C) Do/many D) How/old E) Do/much

8. My husband ____ ____ dinner.

A) often / cook B) often / cooked
C) often / eat D) often / cooks

9. A: What time is it? B:______

A) It's a quarter to ten B) It’s s twenty to ten
C) It’s ten to quarter D) Its a quarter to ten

10. Choose the correct answer.

-Teacher: “You only can send your homework during this weekend.”
A) Friday and Saturday B) Saturday and Sunday
C) Sunday and Monday D) Saturday

11. ____ does he ____ to school? A) When / go B) when / goes C) where / go

12. ____ you ____ at the weekend? A) Do / works B) does / work C) do / work

13. ____ ____ you dance so well? A) When / do B) how / do C) how / does

14. ____ are you here? A) Where B) what C) why

15. ____ ____ come from London? A) Does / they B) Do / she C) Does / she

Referencias

• Simple Present: https://www.curso-ingles.com/aprender/cursos/nivel-basico/verb-tenses-

present/present-simple
https://www.grammar.cl/Present/Verbs_Third_Person.htm (Rules in third person)
• Adverbs of frequency: https://www.englisch-
hilfen.de/en/exercises/adjectives_adverbs/adverbs_of_frequency.htm (Exercises)
• Wh – Questions: http://curso-gratis-ingles.euroresidentes.com/2014/06/wh-questions.html
• Routines: https://www.esolcourses.com/content/grammar/presentsimple/presentsimpleg1.html
• Telling time: https://www.vocabulary.cl/Basic/Telling_Time.htm
http://www.learn-english-online.org/Lesson17/TestIt/MatchTime(2).htm (practice)
• Days of the week: https://www.ingles-practico.com/vocabulario/dias-meses-fechas-ingles.html
• Jobs:
https://avi.cuaed.unam.mx/repositorio/moodle/pluginfile.php/3103/mod_resource/content/18/con
tenido/index.html (practice)

-8-