Commercial Hardware-based product

;p|”POSTER

1
Comparison-Evaluation Study of SENDD and GF-07/21

A Research Paper
Presented to the Institution Review Committee of Department of Research
Gusa Regional Science High School – X in
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of
Capstone Project for Senior High School

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Strand

Title Page
JOSE MARIA P. BAUL
KYLA O. SABINES
MAHONRI E. VERA CRUZ

12 - DAIMLER

July 2023

2
 Department of Education
Region X, Division of Cagayan de Oro City
GUSA REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL-X
Gusa, Cagayan de Oro City
 
Research Department
CERTIFICATE OF INSTITUTION REVIEW COMMITTEE APPROVAL

This research paper entitled “COMPARISON-EVALUATION STUDY OF SENDD AND

COMMERCIAL HARDWARE-BASED PRODUCT,” prepared and submitted by JOSE
MARIA P. BAUL, KYLA O. SABINES AND MAHONRI E. VERA CRUZ in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for CAPSTONE PROJECT, SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL,
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Technology (STEM) Strand has been examined
and recommended for defense. 

      Language Editor       Field Consultant

Date: __________________ Date: __________________
ARIEL V. FABRIGAS
Research Adviser
Date: __________________
 
INSTITUTION REVIEW COMMITTEE

Approved by the Committee in partial fulfillment of the requirements for, SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Technology (STEM) Strand with a
grade of PASSED. 

ROCHELLE A. LUZANO SHOJI-AN A. DARADAL

Chairperson, Research Dept. Capstone Teacher
Date: __________________ Date: __________________
______________________
Chair, Research Presentation
Date: __________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Technology (STEM) Strand.
   

 CHARLYN S. BAYLON
Secondary School Principal II
Date: __________________
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 Table of Contents
Cover Page
Title Page
CERTIFICATE OF INSTITUTION REVIEW COMMITTEE APPROVAL
Table of Contents
List of Figures
Abstract
Acknowledgement
Chapter 1: Comparison-Evaluation Study of SENDD and GF-07/21 1
Conceptual Framework
Research Questions 4
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study 5
Scope and Limitation 6
Definition of Terms 7
Chapter 2: Literature Review
The Use of Technology to Fight Against Crime 8
GPS Hardware-Product and their performance usage 9
Implementation of Materials in an Arduino-Based System 10
Safety Wearable Devices Using Arduino 11
Global Positioning System Location and its Tracking System 12
Design and Implementation of a Safety Device for Emergency Situations Using Arduino and GSM
Module 13
Chapter 3: Methodology
Design 15
Setting 15
Research Ethics 18
Respondents and Sampling 19
Data Gathering Procedure 19
Research Instrument and Scoring 20
Data Analysis 21
References
APPENDICES
Appendix A.
Curriculum Vitae

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 List of Figures

Figure Number Title Page

1 The Block Diagram 2

2 Geographical location of Bantiles, Barangay Bugo 14

3 Geographical location of Mitsubishi Gateway, Barangay Gusa 14

4 Geographical location of Limketkai Mall West Concourse, 15

Barangay Lapasan
5 Geographical location of Malasag, Barangay Cugman 15

Abstract

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Acknowledgement

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 The entire process of making the research paper takes a great number of resources,

time, and dedication, especially when facing strict deadline and numerous constraints in time.

The task requires the researchers’ commitment and patience in order to be fully

accomplished. As such, it is with gratitude and eagerness of the researcher to give thanks to

one another and to the following individuals, who with their fervent guidance, has help the

research paper move to its final pages:

To their parents who are always showing support during the making of the research

study and conducting of the survey, for the resources that they shared towards this study that

have always helped the researchers to move and work smoothly;

To Sir Ariel V. Fabrigas, their research adviser who guides them throughout the

whole semester, for his immeasurable knowledge in the robotics field that he has humbly and

generously imparted, for never failing to assist them, and for believing in the researchers’

capabilities;

To the Almighty Father, for His continuous guidance and bottomless mercy. Truly

without Him, the researchers would not be in condition to pursue this study.

Chapter 1
Comparison-Evaluation Study of SENDD and GF-07/21

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 Many recent household travel surveys have included a GPS component or have been

conducted using GPS devices. Li and Stopher (2018) documented a number of these studies,

but a few other studies have used either a GPS component such as Chicago, Beijing,

California Statewide (Kunzmann et al. 2013), Massachusetts Statewide (Massachusetts

Department of Transportation, 2012), Singapore, Atlanta (Livingston, 2011), New York City,

French. When GPS first began to appear as a subsample in a household travel survey, it was

usually accomplished by using wearable GPS loggers. However, there are several known

cases of positioning error, leading to serious consequences, sometimes also deadly (Rychlicki

et al. 2020). Obtaining accurate position data by means of GPS receivers is paramount. With

this perspective, the aim of this study is to test the within-field accuracy of different types of

GPS receivers and sender, and to determine their reliability. In the event of sudden abduction

or sudden illness in an uncertain place, we can feel powerless. A way is therefore built to

save lives from possible dangerous circumstances in which a person is at risk of being

abducted, robbed, or raped is to produce a device that uses Global Positioning System and

human pulses (beats per minute) as notification for danger. In a study conducted Baul et al.

(2022), they constructed a GPS Safety device under the name SENDD (Safe and Emergent

Need for Distress Device) which provides a product that when activated whether through a

push button or high pulse beatings sends an SMS alert to parents and/or police stations for

immediate rescue. GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communication. It is a digital

cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services. When a GSM

modem is connected to a computer, this allows a computer or an electronics platform

(Arduino) to use the GSM modem to communicate over the mobile network. Arduinos are

open-source electronics platforms based on easy-to-use hardware and software. An Arduino

system can send signals to and from the GSM module. In contrast to SENDD, the
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commercially manufactured GPS tracking device named GF-07/21, that are usually sold in

online shops such as Amazon, Alibaba, Lazada, and Shopee. With an average rating of 4

stars, this device is one of the most purchased GPS trackers currently in the market

(Amazon.com, 2022). With similar functions in terms of GPS tracking and the use of SMS as

medium of notification, SENDD and GF-07/21, would differ in its production process,

choice of materials for construction, and overall product features. This device mainly uses

2G signals for GPS tracking and for SMS sending. The main reason on why the researchers

decided to choose the commercial product GF-07/21 to compare with is because of these

similar terms and in addition, due to its design and capability of its portability and size. Also,

in online local stores here in the Philippines, such as Lazada and Shopee, the GF-07/21 is

more prominent compared to other GPS trackers worldwide.

Theoretical Framework

The following theory forms the theoretical framework of the study, as well as the

basis of interpretation for the research’s findings.

According to the study done by Berber et al. (2021), the accuracy of the Global

Positioning System (GPS) depends on satellite geometry, signal blockage, atmospheric

conditions, receiver design features and quality by the GPS satellites that broadcast their

signals in space, according to official U.S. government information about the system and

related subjects. According to recent FAA data, their superior single-frequency GPS

receivers achieve accuracy of 1.82 m (5.97 ft) 95% of the time. This theory explains why

when comparing GPS hardware devices with distinct systems and materials used in

construction or production are likely to perform differently in terms of providing accurate

data to the user, making it possible to assess each one's advantages and weaknesses.
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 Following the study of Thomson et al (2017), the process of testing location accuracy

and GPS comparison by use of marine animal tracking at specific home range sites. By

comparing Fastloc-GPS and Argos, which are GPS Trackers that are used to track and locate

marine life. By using simulated data and home range estimates derived from empirical

tracking data for green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) equipped with Argos linked Fastloc-GPS

tags at three diferent foraging areas (western Indian Ocean, Western Australia, and

Caribbean).

Per the study of Chiwande and Ohol (2021), based on literatures concerning

appropriate measures when undergoing comparative analysis of robots and devices the

following characteristics are mainly the main standard of parameters used: Repeatability of

consistent and results, the accuracy of results, the construction design of the device or robot,

and the specifications and features. Comparative analysis aids in recognizing and evaluating

the current the ability to recognize potential research areas for fostering a research interest in

a particular need.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

ARDUINO BASED GPS Analysis of SENDD and GF-07/21 in
DEVICE AND COMMERCIAL terms of:
MANUFACTURED GPS
PRODUCT 1. Repeatability/Consistency
2. Product Design
-SENDD 3. Features; and
- GF-07/21 (Hardware-based GPS 4. Response Time
commercial product)

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 Mediating Variable
Control Variable
Google Maps – basis for
location accuracy Locations:

1. Bantiles, Bugo
2. Malasag, Cugman
3. Limketkai Concourse
4. Mitsubishi Gateway, Gusa

Figure 1. The Block Diagram

The block diagram in Figure 1 shows the block diagram of independent and dependent

variable, wherein the variables inside are the independent variable box is the Hardware-based

GPS commercial product and SENDD. Inside the dependent variable section is Analysis of

SENDD and Hardware-based GPS commercial product in terms of accuracy, reliability,

product design, and features.

Research Questions

This study aims to know how both variables, Commercial Hardware-based GPS product

and SENDD differ from each other. Specifically, the researchers sought to answer the

following questions:

1. What is the significant difference of SENDD and the GF-07/21 in terms of accuracy?

2. How do these 2 products differ in terms of:

1.1 Repeatability/Consistency

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 1.2 Product Design

1.3 Features; and

1.4 Response Time

Hypothesis

H 0: Between SENDD and Hardware-based GPS commercial product, they don’t

show any difference between accuracy, reliability, product design, and features.

H a : Between SENDD and Hardware-based GPS commercial product, they show any

difference between accuracy, reliability, product design, and features.

Significance of the Study

The study will provide a significant insight into helping the consumers with concerns

of safety to decide which product suits their preference. The findings of this study will

contribute to the benefit of the following:

To the Philippine National Police. This study can benefit the Philippine National

Police as it can provide information to utilize each product of GPS tracking and decide which

is most suitable in their line of work.

To the Employed. People who work occasionally have long shift hours that force the

employee to finish late at night. 87% of crime incidents occur during night times (Security

Magazine, 2019) and this study aims to lessen that by providing a way for employed workers

to be safer at late night hours.

To the Parents. This study can benefit the parents as they can decide which of the

compared variables in this study are much suitable in locating and protecting their children.

As children especially students are easier targets for criminals or people with malicious intent
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because of their younger age and less developed physicality. Parents or guardians can decide

which product is better with their preferred process in locating and keeping children and

students safe.

To the Future Researchers. This study can be beneficial to future researchers that

may have an interest in this topic, as this would serve as their guide and reference for their

future studies.

Scope and Limitation

This study focused on writing a study that conducts an evaluation-comparison study

that discusses which GPS location tracking based product safety device that sends distress

messages and to discover the significant difference of both variables according to the

responses of the participants, of which the researchers would provide to them. The data will

be obtained by conducting an online survey including a 4-point Likert scale. This study will

aim to provide an alternative proactive response to emergencies when forms of

communications are unavailable or inaccessible for the users.

Definition of Terms

Arduino. An open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software.

Arduino Uno R3. is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital

input/output pins.

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Arduino Uno Nano. a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the

ATmega328.

GF-07/21 or Commercial Hardware-based GPS Product. Refers to the GPS tracking

device/product that will be compared by the researchers.

Distress Message. Also known as a distress call or signal, is an internationally recognized

message that one is in danger or in help.

GPS logger. A GPS logger is a device capable of communicating with the global positioning

system (GPS) and store locations of the actual “object” it's attached to.

GSM Module. Also known as Global System for Mobile Communication Modem, refers to

a device that uses GSM mobile telephone technology to provide a wireless

data link to a network.

Panic Switch. A push-button that when activated sends an immediate SMS alert.

SMS. Stands for Short Message Service is a text messaging system for sending short text

message from a certain device to another.

SENDD. Stands for Safe and Emergent Need for Distress Device – A safety device and

research study constructed and conducted by the researchers.

Chapter 2
Literature Review

The Use of Technology to Fight Against Crime

Traditionally, law enforcement agencies have had an unfriendly relationship with

technology. However, there is no way one can ignore and/or resist the adoption of new
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technologies any longer since recent developments in information technology have changed

the attitudes and perceptions of police forces as well as criminals (Faith & Bekir, 2020). The

technological advances over the years have provided law enforcement agencies new

perspectives and considerations beyond the traditional methods and opportunities to utilize a

wide range of innovations in different contexts. The recent innovations and implementations

which increase the efficiency and effectiveness of policing including network analysis, GIS,

crime mapping, biometrics, fingerprints, DNA research, facial recognition, speech

recognition, social media policing, shot spotter detection system, and CCTV are detailed in

this study (Faith & Bekir, 2020).

Information technologies have recently been utilized extensively in law enforcement

agencies around the world both for the processes of general administration work (Personnel

et al, 2020), as well as for core policing work, such as preventing crimes. Law enforcement

agencies are now using a variety of newly developed technologies to fight against those

criminals who are employing the advantages of these technologies for negative purposes.

However, law enforcement agencies may need to seek out more highly developed software

and technologies to overcome this application of technology by criminals which may be very

sophisticated (Addarly & Musgrove, 2021).

GPS Hardware-products and their performance usage

In some recent years, one can notice a significant development of the Precise Point

Positioning (PPP) method, which both increases accuracy and speeds up the convergence

time of the estimation position (Kiliszek & Kroszczynski, 2020). GPS product broadcast their

signals in some places with a certain accuracy, but what you receive depends on additional

factors, including satellite geometry, signal blockage, and receiver design features/quality.

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Accuracies of relative positioning techniques are investigated to determine their

performances against static survey technique that yields the most precise results.

Additionally, Kanani and Padole (2020) states that in case of an emergency, it is very crucial

to know the exact location of the victim so that different health response team, rescue team,

and services can be made available at the right time and place. This problem may be solved

by using GPS coordinates in using any kind of hardware type of GPS product. Moreover,

using the web interface on the server that inclines and supports the said hardware product,

doctors and hospital staff can track the exact location of the patient and serve them (Berber et

al. 2021). In addition to this, there are such GPS trackers that may help them during their

travels for safety purposes. However, there are some minor cases regarding GPS tracking

devices, specifically its functionality, on the study of Drga (2021), it shows that some GPS

trackers sometimes malfunctions when it comes to giving location, SMS, and navigations.

Additionally, there are such different problem cases in devices, example of that is that some

of it takes about 1 minute to get the location given from the devices, it shows only around 50

to 500 meters away from the exact location, and lastly, the device itself does not turn on

(Technoreview, 2022). On the other hand, the study of Thomson et al. (2017), utilizing

simulations and estimated home ranges generated from empirical sea turtle tracking data

(Chelonia mydas) has an Argos-connected Fastloc-GPS. Tagged in three distinct locations

for foraging (western Indian Ocean, both the Caribbean and Western Australia). GPS Fastloc

data. Following the same progress, this comparison research was also used in conducting

with the SENDD and GF-07/21 devices, though different in products used for testing and

evaluation, and the number of location sites chosen for testing, the process was similar in

terms of comparison and gathering the data of location coordinates.

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Implementation of Materials in an Arduino-Based System

Ubiquitous healthcare (u-Healthcare) is an emerging paradigm in the healthcare

environment. One of the most promising applications for u-Healthcare is the ubiquitous

smart home and smart hospital, health monitoring system (Kemis et al., 2021). The

healthcare technology keeps healthcare executives and managers up to date about the latest

computer-based solutions for improving medical care and making healthcare organizations

more efficient. Information Technology (IT) has a unique, news-style approach to

implementations at hospitals and other smart home across the country. To this end, the

researcher designed and implemented a healthcare monitoring application for ubiquitous

sensor network. The pulse sensor uses the Arduino board to send the data to the web server

via RN-XV wireless module base on 802.11 and Arduino R3 Uno protocols. The data

collected from the patient can be remotely viewed and analyzed by a physician or nurse

(Ping, 2020).

A vehicle tracking system is very useful for tracking the movement of a vehicle.

from any location at any time. In this work, real time Google map and Arduino based vehicle

tracking system is implemented with Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system

for mobile communication (GSM) technology. GPS module provides geographic coordinates

at regular time intervals. Then the GSM module transmits the location of vehicle to cell

phone of owner/user in terms of latitude and longitude. At the same time, location is

displayed on LCD. Finally, Google map displays the location and name of the place on cell

phone. Thus, owner/user will be able to continuously monitor a moving vehicle using the cell

phone. To show the feasibility and effectiveness of the system, this work presents

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experimental result of the vehicle tracking system. The proposed system is user friendly and

ensures safety and surveillance at low maintenance cost (Rahman et al, 2018).

Safety Wearable Devices Using Arduino

There are various tracking devices available currently that make it simple for people

to keep track of the person’s whereabouts and to spot them via Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, on the other hand, appear to be unreliable forms of communication

(Elakiya & Radhika, 2019). This is supported by the study of Kale et al., (2021), it states that

most of the wearable devices are available in the marketplace and focused on providing

activity, location, temperature etc. where Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are particularly unreliable

means for transferring information to parents and are used to send the details to the user.

They are utterly vague accordingly.

The idea and concept of making protection just a press button away was used in a

study of Edward et al., (2018). A safety wrist band is a new product of innovation in the field

of technology which aims at individual's safety. Soman et al., (2017) states that with the help

of sensors embedded in the wearable gadget, the user can keep track of status and conditions

of the person. Similarly, on the study of Hyndavi et al., (2021) it also proposed this type of

gadget that detects and sends the alert for the victims or loved ones with the location

coordinate. With that, this system can overcome the fear that scares the people in the country

about their safety and security.

Based on their materials used, these devices include an Arduino board, a GSM shield,

a GPS module, a screaming alarm, and pressure sensors. The Arduino board includes

everything needed to get a microcontroller running, and it can be powered by a computer, an

adapter, or a battery. According to Al Rakib et al. (2021), the Arduino programming

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environment is composed of a text editor for code writing, a message area, a text console, a

toolbar with main functions and a series of menus. It attaches to the Arduino hardware,

allowing it to upload and interact with programs. On the study of Baballe & Bello (2022), a

security alarm with motion sensor using Arduino was applied for detecting intrusion which

was resulted a very good results in testing that brings relevance and significance to the

product. Given this, all these systems are to be made by the system itself, with no

intervention from the system's owner, in which the system will behave the same even in the

case of a false alarm. These are some of the areas where effort is required as per its results.

Global Positioning System Location and its Tracking System

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that

sends data from satellites (Hlaing et al., 2019). Orbiting Earth to GPS receivers on the ground

that can use that data to determine position and the current time anywhere on Earth. GPS

module is used to determine position, time, and speed. Similarly, according to Htwe et al.,

(2019), it states that it measures the exact distance with few more satellites and the receivers

determine the position of the user and displays it on the map of the electronic appliance.

Tracking system uses the GPS (Global Positioning System) to determine the precise

location of a vehicle or person to which the device is attached. The tracking system offers its

location information and records the data (Oo, 2019). The receivers can determine the user's

three-dimensional position, which includes altitude, latitude, and longitude, by using four or

more satellites. On the study of Bujang et al. (2019), there has been a surge in interests in the

usage of positional tracking system for implementation in various applications; including, but

not limited to sports, health, criminal detection, vehicles detection and monitoring

application. However, Malini and Sankar (2019) tell that the GPS may fail due to certain

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reasons and in that care, the user may need to carry a backup map and directions. On the

other hand, Situmorang and Aritonang (2021) argued that the present inventions like this

GPS, still takes advantage of readily available technology and improved components than the

others. These applications span both the civilian and military domains, with every application

requiring their own requirements, in terms of size, cost and accuracy. With this, it is safe to

say that the GPS and its tracking system seems has a significance when it comes to accuracy

as per based on the usage rate in it. From that, it is evident enough to say that GPS is a

powerful and dependable tool for businesses and organizations in many different industries

even if it has some slight disadvantages (Arabelli & Revuri, 2019).

Design and Implementation of a Safety Device for Emergency Situations

Using Arduino and GSM Module

Everyone is entitled to live the way they want and to feel happy, however, there is a

lot of verbal abuse and aggression that people face which is a huge challenge to everyone. It

is a general urge to tell the closest people about our current position in emergencies and warn

them about the fact that we expect danger. In the event of sudden abduction or sudden illness

in an uncertain place, we can feel powerless (Sultana et al, 2021). A way is therefore built to

save lives from possible dangerous circumstances in which a person is at risk of being

abducted, robbed, or raped (Kanavi et al., 2022). In the model, two voice inputs are detected-

“Danger” and “Help” and a switch button input is taken. As the voice recognition model is

trained that way, the device can only recognize the user’s voice. It sends the text to the police

and parents for the “Danger” word input or push-button input. It also sends the location to the

parents for the “Help” word. On the other hand, when the pulse rate is not within a certain

range, the hospital and relatives are informed. The trained words, mobile numbers, BPM

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range used can be modified according to the user’s preference (Sultana et al, 2021). The

model is designed to send SMS containing latitude and longitude which can be used to find

the exact position on Google Maps. According to Clarke (2018), when using the model safety

device, individuals can make their lives free of fear as it will serve as a supporting hand in

crisis situations. With this, it gives the people a much more safety since the SENDD itself

gives a system that tracks them thus making it much easier to detect whenever something

happened to the person. Having it for every safety device will be much more reliable since it

really gives security in it when it is being worn on an everyday basis.

Chapter 3
Methodology

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Design

The research design that will be used on conducting this study is Quantitative Quasi-

Experimental Research design. Quasi-experiments are studies that aim to evaluate

interventions but that do not use randomization. Similar to randomized trials, quasi-

experiments aim to demonstrate causality between an intervention and an outcome. Quasi-

experimental studies can use both preintervention and postintervention measurements as well

as nonrandomly selected control groups (Harris et al. 2018). The study will compare the

significant difference of both variables, specifically the locations in which each product will

be tested for accuracy and the feedback of the purposive selected respondents.

Setting

The researchers have collected data for the accuracy of SENDD and GF-07/21

product in four different barangays in Cagayan de Oro City, similarly to this, data gathered

from the respondents’ feedback will also be gathered in same barangays. The first site to

conduct the test will be Bantiles, Barangay Bugo, 8°30'13.5"N 124°45'15.1"E; followed by

Mitsubishi Gateway, Barangay Gusa, 8°28'46.9"N 124°40'22.0"E; Limketkai Mall West

Concourse, Barangay Lapasan, 8°28'51.4"N 124°39'26.2"E; and lastly: Malasag, Barangay

Cugman, 8°28'11.3"N 124°41'55.3"E.

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 Figure 2. Geographical location of Bantiles, Barangay Bugo
Source: shorturl.at/bDPV0

One of the four different barangays in Cagayan de Oro City that the researchers have

collected data for the accuracy of SENDD and the hardware based commercial is in Bantiles,

Barangay Bugo, 8°30'13.5"N 124°45'15.1"E. Specifically on Felcyn Construction Supplies in

which the store is placed on a commercialized street of Cagayan de Oro National Hwy and is

the opposite direction of KOI JAMPAX Pet Store and Bugo Central School.

Figure 3. Geographical location of Mitsubishi Gateway, Barangay Gusa

Source: shorturl.at/ayAW3

Mitsubishi Gateway, Barangay Gusa, 8°28'46.9"N 124°40'22.0"E is one of the four

different barangays in Cagayan de Oro City that the researchers had collected data for the

accuracy of SENDD and the hardware based commercial. The Mitsubishi Gateway is located

in a commercialized street of Butuan – Cagayan de Oro – Iligan Rd in front of Capitol

University Medical Center, Gusa.

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 Figure 4. Geographical location of Limketkai Mall West Concourse, Barangay Lapasan
Source: shorturl.at/alqAO

Limketkai Mall West Concourse, Lapasan, 8°28'51.4"N 124°39'26.2"E is third of the

four barangays included by the researcher's data gathering setting. This is also the location

where the accuracy testing will be done by the researcher itself. Specifically occupying a

parking space in Limketkai Parking Lot.

Figure 5. Geographical location of Malasag, Barangay Cugman

Source: shorturl.at/tHPQ9

Malasag, Barangay Cugman Lapasan, 8°28'11.3"N 124°41'55.3"E is the fourth

location of the four barangays included by the researcher's data gathering setting.

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Specifically, a residential property located near in Marco Hotel and in between Multiplast

Corporation and The Jesus Christ of Latter.

Research Ethics

Parents and children. As the study required information gathered from students and

may be parents, multiple ethical issues could arise from the mishandling of this, such as

leaking private information without the consent of those who partook in the study and

misinterpreting data. The researchers were well aware of these, and to counteract against

encountering such ethical issues, the following were observed:

Informed consent. Before conducting the survey, the researchers briefed the

participants through letters asking for their consent in participating in the study. The

following issues were clarified by the researchers: the participants' potential function, the

research's purpose, and how the findings were presented and used.

Purposive Sampling. All participants in the study have the option to withdraw or exit

at any moment without feeling obligated to do so. There was no requirement for participants

to declare a reason for leaving the study.

Honesty and integrity. The researchers provided credible and honest results and data

based on the conducted interview. There was no false data or modified data in this study.

Respondents and Sampling

The respondents of the study will be mainly based, but not limited to, parents and

children as they benefit most from this study. The study will collect data from 30 respondents

in total; this number will be determined due to the nature of this study being causal
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comparative/quasi-experimental. The study will be utilizing a non-probability sampling

design, particularly a purposive sampling design, to accurately survey and represent the

users, which are the students and parents particularly. This design, although limited, ensures

that the respondents can surely give a definite answer of the questionnaires that will be given

to them.  The reason for purposive sampling is for the better matching of the sample to the

aims and objectives of the research, hence improving the rigor of the study and

trustworthiness of the data and results (Campbell et al. 2020).

Data Gathering Procedure

Calculating the location accuracy of the two devices. Following the study of

Thomson et al. (2017), the researchers have tested the two devices on the four different

barangays given in the study conducted. Two of the devices will be tested as this is to ensure

that there will be no manipulation and biases on each device. Firstly, the researchers tested

the latitude and longitude accuracy of each device. The data from this test was used to

calculate the distance accuracy specifically in km, to add further data for comparison of the

devices. The overall location accuracy was compared between both devices and solved for its

percentage difference. Lastly, the location accuracy of both devices were analyzed using a t-

Test Table Assuming Equal Variances, and evaluated the p value of the table presented.

Calculating the sampling size. The researchers have decided to follow the purposive

sampling procedure, a non-probability sampling in which researchers with their judgement

choose members of the population to participate in their surveys. Firstly, the main goal of

purposive sampling is to identify the individuals, or communities best suited to help answer

survey in condition that they have allocated time. For this reason, purposive sampling works

best when you have a lot of background information about your research topic. After

26
applying the aforementioned formula, the study had 30 participants as the required number of

respondents.

Collection of data. The data will be collected from the respondents with the use of

digital questionnaires. It will be distributed to the said respondents. The researchers will not

impose a time limitation on the respondents.

Informed consent form. The researchers provided a consent form beforehand to the

respondents to inform them of the data gathered from them, as well as the questions that are

found in the questionnaire. This assures that answering the questionnaire is voluntary, and

also serves as verification that the researchers may collect the data from willing participants.

Research Instrument and Scoring

In comparison of the location accuracies of SENDD and GF-07/21, the mediating

variable, Google Maps, will serve as the basis of the location data coordinates since Google

Maps can be enhanced its accuracy by activating high accuracy mode (Google Support, n.d).

Moreover, the researchers decided to use Google Maps as it is the most convenient mapping

application with over 1 billion people using it worldwide monthly (Sohom, 2022).

The research instrument that this study used, in order to acquire primary data, is an

adapted close-ended survey by means of digital questionnaires. This digital questionnaire

was developed by McLeod in 2018. Calva et al. (2022) and their study have also used this

type of instrument to gather accurate data and provided valid results in their study. Through

these survey questionnaires, the anonymity of the respondents is guaranteed, it also provides

a low-cost, quick, and efficient method of gathering large amounts of information from a

large sample of people (McLeod, 2018).

27
 As for the scoring procedure, 4-point Likert scale will be utilizing in this study to

prevent the researchers from gathering inaccurate responses being aware that the respondents

can give their own interpretation to the mid-point option (Losby and Wetmore, 2012). In

interpreting the 4-point Likert scale, the researchers decided as 1 being the worst, 2 being

bad, 3 being good, and 4 being the best. It was formulated and modified to conform to the

study's direction, as shown in the schematic diagram.

Data Analysis

Testing and running simulations on both products are the methods to gather data and

to analyze the location accuracy and, percentage and distance error. For percentage accuracy,

the data will be calculated with the use of a latitude and longitude distance calculator website

named Meridian Outpost (2023), which shows an estimated distance using 2 points of

location in units of miles, kilometers, and nautical miles. Moreover, the p-value or the

margin of error that the researchers used is 5% or p < 0.05 as this is the standard threshold for

statistical significance (Andrade, 2019). In addition, in data comparison, the researchers will

be analyzing the same parameters used when testing the 2 devices. The researchers will

undergo inferential statistical tool in comparing the significant difference of each result of

both variables. The data that the researchers have analyzed are that of the GPS accuracy and

the coordinates of the user’s location. In analyzing the data from the respondents’ feedback

of specified categories, the researchers have used descriptive statistics in analyzing the data

that the respondents gave.

28
 Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This chapter presents the findings and discussion of the study conducted. It discusses

the researcher’s way of doing data analysis and interpretation of data based on the gathered

data from the questions.

29
Problem 1. What is the significant difference of SENDD and the GF-07/21

in terms of accuracy?

Table 1.

Latitude Accuracy of the SENDD

*Percentage error = measured-real x 100

real
LATITUDE
Sample Actual Device Percentage Accuracy Distance Error
error (km)
Bantiles, 8.50375 8.50319 0.005% 99.995% 0.09
Brgy. Bugo
Mitsubishi 8.4791 8.479692 0.0065% 99.9935% 0.06
Gateway, 37
Brgy. Gusa
Limketkai 8.48093 8.480905 0.0002% 99.9998% 0.01
Mall West 0
Concourse,
Brgy Lapasan
Malasag, 8.46980 8.469833 0.0003% 99.9997% 0.01
Brgy. Cugman 6
Overall 0.012% 99.99% 0.17
Average

Table 1 reveals the accuracy of SENDD in Latitude GPS reading. According to the

data in the table, it shows that the percent error of SENDD is 0.012% which is lesser than the

set standard of error 0.05%, it also reveals that it has 99.99% accuracy percentage. With this,

it is safe to say that the GPS and its tracking system provides significance of usage when it

shows high accuracy (Arabelli & Revuri, 2019). GPS modules such as the one used in

SENDD can provide high accurate results of latitude due to the world satellites that sends

information much quicker and more exact (Hlaing et al., 2019). This portrays that

technological devices are whenever dealing with coordinates are as functional as their

accuracy. It also shows that less complicated devices can now use satellite-based navigation

system to access information on coordinates and accurate location.

30
 LONGITUDE
Sample Actual Device Percentage Accuracy Distance Error
Error (km)
Bantiles, 124.754187 124.753558 0.0005% 99.9995% 0.09
Brgy. Bugo
Mitsubishi 124.672778 124.6728938 0.00009% 99.99991% 0.06
Gateway,
Brgy. Gusa
Limketkai 124.65722 124.657272 0.00004% 99.99996% 0.01
Mall West
Concourse,
Brgy
Lapasan
Malasag, 124.698692 124.698776 0.00006% 99.99994% 0.01
Brgy.
Cugman
Overall 0.002% 99.99% 0.17
Average
Table 2.

Longitude Accuracy of the SENDD

Table 2 shows the accuracy of the SENDD in reading Longitude GPS. Based on the

table, it shows that the device is approximately accurate enough to locate one’s longitude.

Moreover, it shows a percentage error of 0.02%. Which again, lesser than the set standard of

5% error.

The result shows that GPS, still takes advantage of readily available technology.

and improved components than the others (Situmorang & Aritonang, 2021). To provide a

device that acts as an instrument for safetiness and surveillance, devices should be able to

showcase reliability by using the advancement of technology to improve daily life.

31
Functionality alongside with the device to perform well on its given field such as accurate

tracking of location reveals the importance of technology in this day of age.

Table 3.

Latitude Accuracy of the GF-07/21 Device

LONGITUDE
Sample Actual Device Percentage Accuracy Distance Error
Error (km)
Bantiles, 8.50375 8.26649 2.79% 97.21% 26
Brgy. Bugo
Mitsubishi 8.479137  8.38756 1.08% 98.92% 10
Gateway,
Brgy. Gusa
Limketkai 8.480930 NO 100% 0% N/A
Mall West RESPONSE
Concourse,
Brgy
Lapasan
Malasag, 8.469806 8.954823 6.08% 93.92% 53.93
Brgy.
Cugman
Overall 27.49% 72.51% 29.97
Average

Table 3 shows the Lattitude Accuracy of GF-07/21 commercial product device. Based

on the results, it shows some significant errors when it comes to locate one’s lattitude with an

overall average error of 27.49%, which is higher than the standard error of 0.05%. Moreover,

it also has a 100% error since the device sometimes is unresponsive. This means that the

device does not meet the desired standard error, which is lesser than 0.05%.

Table 4.

Longitude Accuracy of the GF-07/21 Device

32
 Table 4 shows the Longitude Accuracy of GF-07/21 commercial product device. Per

results, it shows some it shows some significant errors when it comes to locate one’s

longitude with an overall average error of 27.49%, which is higher than the standard error of

0.05%.

LONGITUD
E
Sample Actual Device Percentage Accuracy Distance Error
Error (km)
Bantiles, 124.754187 124.753283 0.0007% 99.9993% 26
Brgy. Bugo
Mitsubishi 124.672778 124.6728938 0.0004% 99.9996% 10
Gateway,
Brgy. Gusa
Limketkai 124.65722 NO 100% 0% N/A
Mall West RESPONSE
Concourse,
Brgy Lapasan
Malasag, 124.698692 124.698776 0.0014% 99.86% 53.93
Brgy.
Cugman
Overall 25.00% 74.96% 29.97 (km)
Average

Moreover, it also has a 100% error since the device sometimes is unresponsive. This

means that the device does not meet the desired standard error, which is lesser than 0.05%.

Table 5.

Overall location accuracy difference of SENDD and GF-07/21

LOCATION
Sample SENDD GF-07/21 Percentage
Difference
Bantiles, Brgy. Bugo
99.9973% 98.60% 1.3926%

33
 Mitsubishi Gateway,
Brgy. Gusa 99.99671% 99.4598% 0.53690%

Limketkai Mall West

Concourse, Brgy
Lapasan 99.99988% 0% 99.99988%

Malasag, Brgy.
99.99982% 96.89% 3.10982%
Cugman

Overall Average 99.9984% 73.74% 26.2598%

Based on the results on Table 5, it shows the overall location accuracy difference

between SENDD and GF-07/21. According to the data shown in the table, the SENDD

device has an overall location average of 99.9984% while the GF-07/21 commercial product

has an overall location average of 73.74%. Per results, it shows that the SENDD has much

more accuracy compared to GF-07/21. Moreover, it also shows a 26.2598% percentage

difference, which is a huge difference given that location accuracy is being compared, where

a small percentage difference matters. With this, according to Malini and Sankar (2019), it

tells that the GPS may fail due to certain reasons and in that care, the user may need to carry

a backup map and directions.

Based on the results presented in Table 6 which follows the t-Test Sample Assuming

Equal Variances, as the number of samples used in each group are of the same size, and that

34
the data derived from the table states a p value of 0.353787 which is greater than the standard

threshold for statistical significance which is p = 5% or 0.05.

Table 6.
T – test: Table Sample Assuming Equal Variances of SENDD and GF-07/21
T-test for Equal Variances
SENDD GF-07/21 df t Stat p
M V M V
0.999 2.8005E 0.737 0.2417756 6 1.06810 0.363787
Overall Location
98414 -10 3861 34 799
Accuracy
25

Legend: There will be a significant difference at p > 0.05

Furthermore, with the data presented, it shows that there is a significant difference

between SENDD and GF-07/21.

Problem 2. How do these 2 differ in terms of:

1.1 Repeatability/Consistency

35
 Shown in the figure below, majority of the respondents answered 4: Best.

Specifically, 18 respondents (60%) opt 4: Best on the product SENDD in terms of

repeatability/consistency, which means that 18 respondents were satisfied with the product’s

repeatability/consistency by being the best. Meanwhile, there are 11 respondent (36%) who

answered 3: Good and 1 respondent (3.3%) answered 1, which means that the respondents

were satisfied but somehow stated that the device SENDD can be improved in terms of its

accuracy based on the ratings.

Graph 1. SENDD Repeatability/Consistency Survey

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Participants

Figure 6.
Rating of the repeatability/consistency of the SENDD product

Similarly, on the other device, the commercial product GF-07/21, as shown in the

chart below, figure 7, the respondents’ rating is mixed, with 10 respondents (34.5%) opt for

4: Best, and followed by 7 respondents (24.1%) opt for 2: Bad and lastly it was followed by a

rating 1: Worst and 3: Good with the same amount of 6 participants (20.7%) each. This

means that the commercial product GF-07/21 has some remarkable problems compared to
36
the SENDD when it comes to its repeatability/consistency due to its mixed ratings. This

implies that, the commercial product, which is the GF-07/21, has much more to improve

based on the respondents’ rating. With this, it is to say that some GPS trackers sometimes

malfunction when it comes to giving location, SMS, and navigations (Drga, 2021).

Graph 2. GF-07/21's Repeatability/Consistency Survey

12

10

0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Respondents

Figure 7.
Rating of the Repeatability/Consistency of the GF-07/21

Based on the results of the two products and the respondents’ feedback rating on the

two products, there is a remarkable difference on the two products when it comes to its

repeatability/consistency respectively. To sum all up, GPS and its tracking system seems has

a significance when it comes to consistency as per based on the usage rate in it (Arabelli &

Revuri, 2019).

37
 1.2 Product Design

The chart presented below, figure 8, shows the result of the respondents’ feedback

rating on the SENDD when it comes to its product design quality. By determining the

respondents’ rating, the design of the product can be identified if it is satisfactory.

Gathered from the graph, 13 respondents (43.3%) rated SENDD’s product design on

a scale of 2: Bad– which is above worst accordingly, followed by a rating of 1: Worst and 3:

Good with both ratings of 23.3%, 7 respondents each, and lastly, 3 respondents (10%) rated

the product design as 4: Best. According to its responses, the SENDD gives off notable

problem when it comes to its product design.

Graph 3. SENDD's Product Design

14

12

10

0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Respondents

Figure 8.
Rating of the Product Design of the product SENDD

Similarly, the graph below, figure 9, shows the ratings from the respondents of the

GF-07/21 commercial product when it comes to its product design. According to the
38
respondents’ rating, 16 respondents (53.3%) rated the product design as 4: Best, followed by

8 respondents (26.7%) rated it with 3: Good, while 4 respondents (13.3 % ) rated it as 2: Bad

and 2 respondents (6.7%) rated it as 1:Worst.

Based on the results on the rating of GF-07/21, the results are mixed, but it has a high

leading rate of 4 compared to the product SENDD. This implies that the GF-07/21 has much

more product design quality. The respondents’ rating depicts that the product design of the

GF-07/21 is remarkably good when it comes to its design.

Graph 4. GF 07/21's Product Design

18

16

14

12

10

0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Respondents

Figure 9.
Rating of the Product Design of the commercial product GF-07/21

According to the ratings and results of SENDD and the commercial product, which is

the GF-07/21, it shows a huge difference of the two respectively. The two products have a

huge difference in rating, the GF-07/21 has a leading rating of 4. On the other hand, SENDD

has a lead rating of 2. Hence, according to the results, the GF-07/21 commercial product has

39
much higher-level quality compared to SENDD when it comes to its product design. This

means that the researchers' device has a bad design accordingly.

1.3 Product Features

Based on the figure 10 below in figure 10, 15 (50%) of the respondents rated the

product features of the SENDD device with 4, which interpret as respondents is satisfied with

the SENDD device features, while 12 (40%) of the respondents rated the product features

with 3 and 3 (10%) of the respondents rated it with 2. According to the respondent’s rating,

the product features of SENDD are relevant and necessary in the respondent’s experiences

with the product.

1.3 Product Features

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Figure 10.
Rating of the Product Feature of the commercial product SENDD

In the figure 11 below, it shows off 3 types of response from the respondents in terms

of the GF 07021 device features. 13 (43%) of the respondents rated the GF-07/21 features

with 3, which implies that the features of the GF-07/21 is good and somewhat satisfied the
40
respondents, while 11 (37%) of the respondents rated the product features with 4, 4 (13.3%)

of the respondents rate the product features with 1, and 2 (6.7%) of the respondents rated it

with 2. The respondent’s ratings depict that the GF-07/21 is somewhat relevant and necessary

in the respondent’s experiences with the product.

1.3 Product Features

50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Figure 11.
Rating of the Product Feature of the commercial product GF-07/21

Based on the results of the two products in terms of their product feature, it shows

that the device SENDD, has much more rating compared to the GF-07/21 commercial

product. The commercial product leads only on the 'good' rating of the respondents whereas

SENDD, had led the 'best' rating according to the responses. This implies that, the

researchers' product is slightly better than the said commercial product. Furthermore,

according to Baballe & Bello (2022) in their study, a security device with motion sensor

using Arduino-based platform resulted a very good results in testing that brings relevance

and significance to the product. Since the SENDD device is Arduino-based, this can be

related to the similar results on the study of Baballe & Bello (2022).

41
 1.4 Response Time

In the figure below, it shows a lead rating of 5 with a percentage rate of 56.7%

followed by a 3 of 36.7%, and a 6.6% of 2 with no rating of 1. The data shows that the device

itself still has mixed ratings when it comes to its response time given to the user. It shows

that most of the respondents are somewhat unsure on the device. On the other hand, the

product SENDD still has a large rating of the best, this may imply that the product SENDD

has an adequate to meet the respondents’ standard.

1.4 Response Time

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Figure 12.
Rating of the response time of the SENDD device

On the other hand, for the commercial product – GF-07/21, shown in the figure

below, it shows a mixed responses rating of all 4 respectively. The data shows 30% of the

responses rated it in 4, followed by 3 and 2 rating with a percentage 26.7% both respectively,

and a rating of 2 with 16.7%. Based on the respondents’ rating, it shows that the GF-07/21

has some major flaws when it comes to response time. Furthermore, this also implies that the

42
users – which is the respondents, may not have met its standards when it comes to response

time.

1.4 Response Time

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
1: Worst 2: Bad 3: Good 4: Best

Figure 13.
Rating of the response time of commercial product GF-07/21

The results on the rating of the two products shows a major difference when it comes

to response time accordingly. The SENDD device has no rating of 1 – which is indicated as

worst, while on the other hand, the commercial product GF-07/21 has a 26.7% rating of 1.

This means that the GF-07/21 has some flaws when it comes to response time according to

the respondents’ rating. The data result shows that the SENDD device is ahead of the GF-07/

commercial product in terms of response time since it has some leading rating with high

percentage compared to the commercial product.

Moreover, this also implies that in case of an emergency, it is very crucial to know

the exact location of the victim so that the responses from different rescue team and services

can be made available at the right time and place (Kanani and Padole, 2020). With that, a

43
device who has more accurate and fast response time can be helpful and useful when it

comes to emergencies.

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary

This study was conducted to compare and evaluate SENDD and GF-07/21. Both

devices are GPS trackers with different materials used, built-in features, and product design.

SENDD was design and created by Baul et al. (2022) while GF-07/21 is a commercial

manufactured product that can be bought in online stores. This study compares the location

accuracy of both devices and whether or not it has a significant difference, in addition, there

a survey was conducted towards 30 respondents, as these respondents had tested these the 2

devices on hand. The survey contained questions wherein the respondents will answer it

using a 4 – point Likert scale, and rating both devices in terms of repeatability/consistency,

features, product design, and response time.

Findings

This section contains the data findings gathered within this study. The findings have

answered the following research questions contained in Chapter 2, which the researchers aim

to know.

1.The quantitative data results and analysis of the significant difference of location

accuracy of the SENDD and GF-07/21 shows that there is difference when comparing the 2

devices.

44
 According to the findings, location accuracy of SENDD is more accurate than GF-

07/21, with the average accuracy rate of SENDD’s to be 99.9984% while GF-07/21 would be

73.74%, and a percentage difference of 26.2598%. Moreover, in interpretating the t-Test

table where in analyzing the significant difference show that the p value which is 0.363787,

is much larger in value than the standard threshold for statistical significance of 5% or 0.05 p

value thus rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis, following

the researchers’ set hypotheses. (Andrade, 2019).

2. INSERT PROBLEM 2 FINDINGS

Conclusions

In the light of the findings of this study to answer the research questions stated, the

following conclusions were drawn:

There is a significance in difference in location accuracy of SENDD and GF-07/21,

with SENDD producing better results than that of GF-07/21. The materials that were used to

build SENDD such as the Arduino Uno R3, Sim800L GSM, GY – NEO6MMV2, and

MAX300 Pulse Oximeter, produced better results compared to a commercially manufactured

GPS device specifically the GF-07/21. SENDD provides a better user experience for

consumers or for the benefactors of this study compared to GF-07/21, with better accurate

and reliable results, and cost-efficient materials (Baul et al., 2022), for safety purposes,

SENDD is a better option for GPS tracking.

45
Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions drawn from the study, the following

recommendations are proposed:

1. To expand the options for future comparison of SENDD towards other GPS devices which

are not limited to a similar design of SENDD. Car trackers have a much better built-in

tracking materials that show better results in location accuracy. The researchers of this study

would recommend on comparing SENDD to much more popular and higher rated products

such as the Samchen Mini GPS tracker (Amazon.com, 2023).

2. To add more locations for testing especially in areas with less connectivity signals for

variety of comparison results.

3. To gather a much larger number of respondents to ensure reliability of results coming from

survey responders. A minimum number of 50 respondents would be enough to produce more

reliable results compared to the 30 respondents participating in this survey data gathering.

4. For SENDD’s recommendation, making the device much more small and compact in

design would be beneficial in making the device much more efficient and easier to use for

consumers and users.

46
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 APPENDICES

Appendix A.

Timetable

Table A.1

Activities/Expected Output Date

52
Writing Research Proposal January 13 - February 24, 2023
Consultation with Field Expert

Checking of topics March 1-3, 2023

Submission of Research Titles

Submission of 4 copies of Research Proposal for March 10, 2023

Oral Defense

Proposal Defense March 15, 2023

Incorporating suggestions of panelists March 16-22, 2023

Seeking permission to gather data (if applicable)
Consultation with field expert/adviser

Data Gathering/ Experimentation/ Product Creation March 23 – May 21, 2023

Submission of Paper draft to capstone teacher

Senior High School School-Based Expo June 7, 2023

Submission of edited Capstone paper June 12 - 16, 2023

Submission of Capstone softcopy with receipt of

hardbound

Submission of Hardbound (1 copy for adviser, 1copy June 26 - 30, 2023

each student)

53
 Curriculum Vitae

JOSE MARIA BAUL

Zone 5 Bugo,
Cagayan de Oro City
Cell Number: 09669420894
Email: pipobaul1@gmail.com

54
 PERSONAL INFORMATION

Date of Birth: January 14, 2005

Place of Birth: Cagayan de Oro City
Age: 18
Gender: Male
Nationality: Filipino
Civil Status: Single

EDUCATION

Secondary: BUGO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

2 Raboca Drive Bugo, Cagayan de
Oro City
2021 – 2022

Primary: BUGO CENTRAL SCHOOL

Zone 1 Lower Bantiles, Cagayan de Oro
City 2013 – 2017
ACHIEVEMENTS

Consistent Honor Student

2018 Mathematics Star Awards 2nd Place
2018 Philippine History Quiz Bee 1st Placer
2019 Physical Science Bee 1st Placer
2020 UST Pedrosa Lecture Participant (Math & Physics)

KYLA O. SABINES
Lapaz 2, Lapasan, Cagayan de Oro City
Cell Number: 09051405812
Email: kylasabines@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

55
 Date of Birth: September 04, 2004
Place of Birth: Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon
Age: 18
Gender: Female
Nationality: Filipino
Civil Status: Single

EDUCATION

Secondary: GUSA REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL – X

Purok 4A Gusa, Cagayan de Oro City
2017 – 2021

Primary: EAST CITY CENTRAL SCHOOL

Claro M. Recto Ave., Cagayan de Oro City
2016 – 2017

ACHIEVEMENTS

Consistent Honor Student

2016 KUMBIRA Champion – Cupcake Decorating

2016 DSPC Champion - English Radio Broadcasting

2016 RSPC Participant – English Radio Broadcasting

MAHONRI E. VERA CRUZ

Malasag, Cugman, Cagayan de Oro City

Cell Number: 09568373747
Email: awesomeboy742@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

56
 Date of Birth: November 03, 2003
Place of Birth: Cagayan de Oro City
Age: 19
Gender: November 03, 2003
Nationality: Filipino Civil
Status: Single

EDUCATION

Secondary: GUSA REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL – X

Purok 4A Gusa, Cagayan de Oro City
2017 – 2021

Primary: CUGMAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Cugman, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental
2015-2017
ACHIEVEMENTS
Consistent High Honor Student
2018 DSPC 2nd Place Winner – Copyreading (English)
2018 RSPC Participant – Copyreading (English)
2019 DSPC Champion – Copyreading (English)
2022 SLPC TV Broadcasting Technical Winner – English
2023 DSPC TV Broadcasting English Champion

57