VAPOR ABSORPTION

REFRIGERATION TEST RIG

1. Aim of the experiment
Determination of actual COP and
theoretical COP of a vapour
absorption refrigeration system
2. Theory
The function of a refrigerator is
to extract heat from the working
substance maintained at low
temperature
in the evaporator. The heat so
extracted is to be released to the
atmosphere at a much higher
temperature.
In VAR system, there is no
compressor and pump. The
pressure in the system is same
every where. The
system components are located in
such manner that, flow is
mainlined by gravity. In addition
to gravity,
the system is uses the principle of
bubble pump.
VAPOR ABSORPTION
REFRIGERATION TEST RIG
1. Aim of the experiment
Determination of actual COP and
theoretical COP of a vapour
absorption refrigeration system
2. Theory
The function of a refrigerator is
to extract heat from the working
substance maintained at low
temperature
in the evaporator. The heat so
extracted is to be released to the
atmosphere at a much higher
temperature.
In VAR system, there is no
compressor and pump. The
pressure in the system is same
every where. The
system components are located in
such manner that, flow is
mainlined by gravity. In addition
to gravity,
the system is uses the principle of
bubble pump.
VAPOR ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION TEST RIG

1. Aim of the experiment

Determination of actual COP and theoretical COP of a vapour absorption refrigeration system
Theory

The function of a refrigerator is to extract heat from the working substance maintained at low
temperature

in the evaporator. The heat so extracted is to be released to the atmosphere at a much higher
temperature.

In VAR system, there is no compressor and pump. The pressure in the system is same every where.
The

system components are located in such manner that, flow is mainlined by gravity. In addition to
gravity,

the system is uses the principle of bubble pump.

2.1 Working Principle

The domestic absorption type refrigeration was developed from an invention by Carl Munters and
Baltzer

Von Platen. This system is often called Mounters Platen system. Ammonia is used as a refrigerant.
The

operation of this system is based on the concept of Dalton's law. The ammonia vapor in the
condenser is

condensed to liquid and flows to evaporator by gravity. The whole plant is charged to a pressure of
about

15 bars. In the evaporator in addition to the liquid ammoniahydrogen gas exists at about 12 bars.
Thus the

partial pressure of-ammonia falls to about 3 bar. keeping the same total pressure at 15 bar. The
saturation

temperature corresponds to partial pressure of ammonia (3 bar) is around 9°C. This low temperature

causes ammonia liquid to evaporate. The vaporization of ammonia at this temperature produces

refrigeration. Water is used as a solvent for ammonia. It absorbs ammonia readily. Ammonia vapor
and

hydrogen gas flow to the absorber. Weak aqua ammonia solution enters at the top of the
absorberand

absorbs ammonia gas andthe hydrogen gas is separated and flows back to evaporator.

Heat is supplied to the generator from external source by heater etc.. expelling ammonia vapor out
from
the strong solution. The ammonia vapor in form of bubble pass through the delivery tube along with

weak solution plugs which are pumped to the separator same like a bubble pump. In the separating

vessel, week solution flows to the absorber and ammonia vapor passes on to the condenser.

Thus cycle is completed. The total pressure in the condenser is approximately the same as in
evaporator.

Vapor pressure of ammonia in the condenser is almost equal to 15 bar which is the total pressure. In
the

evaporator, there exists a mixture of ammonia vapor and hydrogen gas. Thus ammonia ~~ vapor
pressure

is much less, this being equal to total pressure minus the partial pressure of hydrogen. Thus
temperature

equal to the saturation temperature of ammonia at its partial pressure which can be obtained from
table

directly.
2.3 Procedure:-

1. Fill the evaporator Box (inside the cabinet) with measured quantity of water using measuring jar

(Approx 300ml).

2. Switch on the supply to the trainer.

3. Check all the temperature.

4. Let the system run for some period (45 min Approx) (till the temperature in the evaporator box
starts

decreasing).

5. Now note down the reading

6. Calculate the results as per the calculation procedure.

3. Calculations
In VAR system, the COP is the ratio of refrigerating effect (RE) and heat given to the generator (Qq

However theoretical COP or Carnot COP is given by following expression where, T stands for absolute

temperatures and subscripts g. e and a stands for generator, evaporator and ambient respectively.

T1 : Generator inlet temperature

T2 : Generator outlet temperature (Tg)

T3 : Condenser outlet temperature (Inlet to absorber)

T4 : Evaporator temperature (T.)

T5 : Absorber temperature (T.)

T6 : Water temperature

5. Sample Calculation

6. Conclusion: