9

TLE – IA - EPAS











Quarter 4 – Module 1




Lesson 1 to 3



(Week 1 – 3)





















 Process and Delivery

Content Standard Performance Standard
The learner demonstrates The learner independently assembles
understanding of principles in AC/DC power supply in accordance
assembling AC/DC power supply. with manufacturer’s specification.

Quarter IV Time Allotment: 40 Hours

LESSON: ASSEMBLE AND DISASSEMBLE CONSUMER

ELECTRONIC PRODUCT AND SYSTEM



I. INTRODUCTION:

This lesson contains information and learning activities in preparing
materials, tools, equipment, workplace and parts needed for assembling a
power supply. Additionally, for a clear understanding in assembling
electronic product, this lesson also contains information and learning
activities in designing and etching of printed circuit board (PCB), proper
mounting and soldering of components on PCB and auxiliary parts, and circuit
tracing for interconnection of all parts of the circuit.

Learning activities in the inspection and testing of finished ac/dc
power supply are included to comply with the standard operating procedure.
There are forms to accomplish for proper documentation.

II. LO1: PREPARE TOOLS AND MATERIALS FOR ASSEMBLY

• Check required tools, equipment and materials
• Prepare tools and materials according to job requirements

III. PRE/DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT

Directionss: Read each statement carefully and select the letter of the
correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It refers to a handtool that is used in holding, gripping, and cutting
of soft and fine wires in assembling electronic circuit?
A. Pliers B. Scissor C. Tweezers D. Vise grip

2. In a bridge-type rectifier circuit, there are four terminal joints.
Select the one that could give a DC+ output.
A. Anode-Cathode B. Infinite
C. Two Anode D. Two Cathode
 3. In a bridge-type rectifier circuit, there are four terminal joints.
Select the one that could give a DC - output.
A. Anode-Cathode B. Infinite
C. Two Anode D. Two Cathode

4. In a bridge-type rectifier circuit, there are four terminal joints.
Select the one that is connected to one of the AC output of
transformer.
A. Anode-Cathode B. None
C. Two Anode D. Two Cathode

5. It is the positive electrode of a device and the “P” material of a
diode.
A. Anode B. Bridge-type Rectifier
C. Cathode D. Full wave rectifier circuit

6. It refers to a circuit using four diodes that provides full wave
rectification.
A. Anode B. Bridge-type Rectifier
C. Cathode D. Full-wave rectifier circuit

7. It is the copper clad designed, etched and bored to which
components are inserted into the hole and soldered to form its
circuit connection.
A. Breadboard B. Printed Circuit Board
C. Strip board D. Terminal

8. It is a process where the unnecessary copper is removed to leave
the individual tracks or connections of the circuit.
A. Boring B. Desoldering
C. PCB etching D. Soldering

9. It is a chemical solution that liquefies the uncovered surfaces of
the designed copper clad board that creates a PCB.
A. Alcohol B. Ferric Chloride
C. Gasoline D. Lacquer thinner

10. What is the stage of the power supply that reduces the amount of
ripple voltage and smoothen the pulsating DC output voltage of
rectifier circuit?
A. Bleeder B. Filter circuit
C. Rectifier circuit D. Step-down transformer
 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1

TOOLS AND MATERIALS IN ASSEMBLING POWER SUPPLY

In every electronic work, it is a must to prepare the necessary tools,
materials, and equipment needed as well as the information. The following
list of tools, materials, and equipment are needed in assembling AC/DC
power supply:

Name Actual Picture


Soldering tools:
Soldering iron
Soldering lead
Desoldering tool
Soldering stand

Screwdriver
1. Flat head

2. Philip 1. 2.
1.
Pliers 2.
1. Diagonal cutting pliers
2. Long nose pliers

1. 2.
1. Wire stripper
2. Utility knife


Boring tools
Mini drill with power
supply
Drill bit (in proportion
with terminals of
component)

Multitester/ Volt-Ohm-
Milliammeter (VOM)
Analog



Copper clad
Sand paper
Pencil and paper
Ruler
Masking tape
Cleaning brush
Cleaning agent
Permanent marker

AD/DC power supply kit must
include the following
components:
1 pc Step-down transformer

(750mA, multi-secondary:
3v, 4.5v, 6v, 9v, 12v)
4 pcs Rectifier diode
(IN4001)

1 pc Capacitor
(1,000uF/16v)
1 pc Resistor ( 1KΩ 1/4w))
Wires
(1 m #22 solid/
1 m #18 stranded)
1 pc Rotary switch
(2 poles 5 positions)
2 pcs Alligator clip
(1 red & 1 black)
AC cord w/plug
Rubber grommet
Fuse with holder (.5 A)
Chassis/ compartment

Personal Protective Equipment

EDS wrist strap
Mask
Apron



Schematic Diagram of AC/DC
multi-secondary unregulated
power supply



SELF-CHECK 1.1
Tools and Materials in Assembling Power Supply

II. Familiarization: Identify the tools, materials and equipment in
assembling power supply as numbered. Write your answers on
separate sheet.

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15

A basic power supply consists of three basic stages: the power

Filter
 transformer stage, rectifier stage, and filter stage. If there is a need to regulate
the output voltage, a regulator circuit is added.


Rectifier

Stage

Block Diagram of AC-DC Power Supply

Transformer Rectifier Filter Regulator

Stage Stage Stage Stage

Block Diagram of AC-DC Regulated Power Supply

Transformer stage

In order to reduce the 220 volts/60 Hz power supply at our home,
there is a need for a step-down transformer. Most electronic circuits require
a low-voltage power supply in Direct Current (DC) form. The primary and
secondary voltage, current and power rating of a transformer is important
thing to consider.
Note that secondary voltage indicates the rated voltage. When the
secondary winding of a transformer has no load, the measured voltage must
be 10% higher than its rated voltage. This is the allowance for the voltage drop
when loaded.

Types of Rectifier Circuit

There are two types of rectifier, Half-wave Rectifier and the Full-wave
Rectifier. Under a Full-wave rectifier, there are two types, the Center-tapped
and the Bridge Rectifier.

1. Half-wave Rectifier Circuit
One rectifier diode D1 and one load resistor RL are needed to
conduct one alteration in every cycle of small AC input.

Note: Compare the difference of the three circuits in your lecture:
a. Half-wave
b. Full-wave
b.1 Center-tapped
b.2 Bridge













Schematic Diagram of a Half-Wave Rectifier
2. Full-Wave Center-Tapped Rectifier Circuit
This type of circuit requires a center-tapped transformer, two
rectifier diodes, and a load resistor (RL). Each of the diode supplies one-
half the DC load current.















Schematic Diagram of a Full-Wave Center-Tapped Rectifier circuit

3. Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit







Schematic Diagram of a Full-Wave Bridge Type Power Supply
 The full-wave bridge type rectifier circuit uses four rectifier diodes D1,
D2, D3, D4 and a load resistor (RL). A center-tapped transformer is not
necessary in this circuit. This circuit can deliver a higher current range to
the load because all of the cycles are consumed by the four diodes.
The operation of this rectifier circuit is different from the Half-wave
and Full-wave center-tapped. The conduction of AC voltage starts from Line-
A going to Line-B.

Conduction of Diode in Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

Second Conduction in a Full Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

 Characteristics of a Full-Wave Bridge Type Power Supply
a. Expensive
b. Needs a lower value of capacitance
c. Needs four rectifier diodes

Filter Stage

This stage of the power supply smoothen the pulsating DC output
voltage of rectifier circuit by reducing the amount of ripple voltage. It also
provides the charge voltage for the load while the rectifier diode is not
conducting.
(+) +
Rectifier Filter
Stage Stage
(-) -
Ripple-Voltage is an AC component present in the DC output voltage
of rectifier circuit.

Basic Methods of Filtering

1. Simple Capacitor in Parallel
You can connect as many electrolytic capacitors in parallel as you want
in order to increase the amount of capacitance causing good filtering
effects to DC output. This is used for high current applications. The only
disadvantage is that it will occupy a bigger space.

Placing additional
capacitor in the output.


Filter Circuit

2. Filter with RC Circuit

This circuit is actually a resistor in series with the positive line together
with two bypass capacitors C1 and C2. It is good in lowering the DC voltage
output.

Placing a resistor
in series with the
positive line can
cause voltage
drop.

Filter with RC Circuit

 3. Filter with Inductor
This circuit has a good filtering effect to the
pulsating DC output of the rectifier. It uses minimal
value of capacitance and it is good in low current
and high current applications. The only
disadvantage is that the inductor in series with the
positive line takes up big space in mounting it in the
PCB.

The swing of inductance
causes the pulsating DC to
be filtered into its purest
DC form

Filter with Inductor

SE
LF-
CHEC
K 1.2
AC-DC
POWE
R
SUPPL
Y

I. DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions and
write your answers on separate sheets of paper.

1. How many stages do basic power supplies have?
2. What component do we need to use in a simple basic filtering stage?
3. Why is a bridge type rectifier the most
expensive type of rectifier stage?
4. What stage of the power supply reduces the high
AC input voltage to a lower AC output voltage?
5. What stage of the power supply converts
small AC voltage to pulsating DC voltage?
6. How many basic methods of filtering do the filtering stages have?
7. How many types of rectifier circuits do basic power supplies have?
8. What stage of the power supply smoothens
the pulsating DC into pure DC output
voltages?
9. How many diodes do full-wave center-tapped power supplies have?
10. Why is a half-wave rectifier the cheapest type of rectifier stage?

II. Directions: Draw the schematic diagram of bridge
 type rectifier circuit: (for five points)
Criteria Points
Complete components/ correct connection/ with label/ correct symbols 5
Complete components/ correct connection/ no label/ correct symbols 4
Complete components/ correct connection/ no label/incorrect symbol 3
Complete components/ incorrect connection/ no label/incorrect symbols 2
Complete components/ incorrect connection/ no label/incorrect symbols 1