METU POLY TECHNIC COLLEGE

NON CONTACT AC VOLTAGE TESTER PROJECT PROPOSAL

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENT

SERVICING

INSTRUCTOR: - BELACHEW ESHETU

October 1, 2023

METU
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS Page No.

Page

Abstract ii

1– Introduction
1.1 Background of Project 1
1.2 Object of Project 2
1.3 Problem Statement 3
1.4 Scope of Project 4
1.5 Project Methodology 5

2- Hardware Description
2.1 Block Diagram 6
2.2 Circuit Diagram 7
2.3 Hardware Requirements 8

3- Working Methodology
16
4-Value Chain
Non Contact Ac Voltage Tester value chain(AS IS)
17
Non Contact Ac Voltage Tester value chain(TO BE)
18
Non Contact Ac Voltage Tester value chain(GAP)
19

5- Conclusion & Future Scope of Study 21

References 23
List of Tables

Table 3: Tools/equipment needed

20

Table 4: Budget Breakdown

20

i
 ABSTRACT

Electricity can cause serious injury or even death which is why safety must come first when
working with electricity or electrical devices. In order to avoid injury, prior to starting work
on an electrical box such as an AC mains switch-board or a power supply, for example, you
must first verify there is no AC voltage. If you can't completely isolate your device from the
supply wires, how can you be sure that there's no voltage remaining? Enter a non-contact
AC voltage detector.

ii
1-Introduction

1. 1 Background of Project-

The concept of working behind this project is that a live wire has alternating current
flowing through hit. These also radiate from the wires and hence can be felt nearby
sensing circuit which is properly turned to do so. The project has an antenna which does
this task of receiving these radiating waves .The received waves can be converted into a
human recognizable form with the help of a processing circuitry. Thus the circuit gives an
audiovisual signal in the form of pulsating buzzer and LED to let the user with the device
inspecting the live wire know that there is a current flowing through the live wire.

1
1. 2 Objective of Project-

The objective of this project is to reduce accident due to leakage current and voltage.
It also facilitates continuous monitoring of AC lines in industries and commercial
buildings so that the user gets timely alert of variations in voltage or current. The main
objective is to alert the user who is in a remote location so that major issues in the AC
lines can be detected and accidents can be prevented. The alert is given as normal text
message as well as in app. A web page is also created to display the values. The remote
user can now act accordingly. In addition the project aims to detect any theft in AC lines
which supports the Electricity board to track any illegal usage and help officials to take
stringent actions against the criminals.

2
1.3 Problem Statement-

Speaking about AC or alternating current, it is far more dangerous than DC. It can
easily kill if the voltage is 220v or 110v city power. Before touching any live wire always
make sure no high voltage is available there.

An electric shock can cause serious injury or even death. In order to avoid injury, prior
to starting work on an electrical box such as an AC mains switch-board or a power
supply, for example, you must first verify there is no AC voltage.

In Industries accident takes place due to leakage of electricity. The accidents can be
avoided by using the Wireless AC Power Detector.

3
1. 4 Scope of Project-
This research paper analyzes a method used to detect electrical wires hidden behind
materials. This analysis involves the detection of electrical live wire, the quality of
detection and detection of hidden wires alternating current flowing in the wire. The
hardware was designed and developed based on the effect of magnetic flux.

 With this device, we can reduce the time taken to build underground fault.

 We can check the fault point of the wire in the wall to check Dead or Live wires.

 It is used by electrical engineers, electronics hobbyist, and electric consumers to

test the presence of electricity in a wire.

4
1. 5 Project Methodology-
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

 Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.

 Draw a block diagram.
 Test for continuity of components and devices,
 Design of the device was carried out.
 Studying of various component used in circuit.
 Construction of the circuit was carried out. The construction of this project
includes the placing of components on Vero boards, soldering and connection of
components,
 Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

5
Fig 1: Block diagram of Non Contact Ac Power Tester

6
Fig 2: Circuit diagram of Non Contact Ac Power Tester

7
Hardware requirements-
1. PCB

2. Buzzer

3. Resistors

4. Transistors

5. LED

6. Battery

7. Antenna

8
 1. PCB-

A printed circuit board (PCB) is an electronic assembly that uses copper conductors to
create electrical connections between components. Printed circuit boards provide
mechanical support for electronic components so that a device can be mounted in an
enclosure. A printed circuit board design must include a specific set of steps that aligns
with the manufacturing process, integrated circuit packaging, and the structure of the
bare circuit board.

9
 2. Buzzer

An audio signaling device like a beeper or buzzer may be electromechanical or

piezoelectric or mechanical type. The main function of this is to convert the signal from
audio to sound. Generally, it is powered through DC voltage and used in timers, alarm
devices, printers, alarms, computers, etc. Based on the various designs, it can generate
different sounds like alarm, music, bell & siren.

10
 3. Resistors-

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical

resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current
flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate
transmission lines, among other uses.

11
 4. Transistors-

The transistor is a semiconductor device which transfers a weak signal from low resistance
circuit to high resistance circuit. The words trans mean transfer property and istor mean
resistance property offered to the junctions. In other words, it is a switching device which
regulates and amplify the electrical signal likes voltage or current.

12
 5. LED Lights-

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when current
flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing
energy in the form of photons. The colour of the light (corresponding to the energy of the
photons) is determined by the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of the
[5]
semiconductor. White light is obtained by using multiple semiconductors or a layer of
light-emitting phosphor on the semiconductor device.

13
 6. Battery-

A battery can change chemical energy to electricity by putting certain chemicals in

contact with each other in a specific way. Electrons, which are small parts of an atoms,
will travel from one kind of chemical to another under the right circumstances. When
electrons flow, this makes an electrical current that can power something. What a battery
does is put the right chemicals in the right relationships, and then puts a wall between
them. Only when the two sides of a battery are connected by a wire or another conductor
can the electrons flow.

14
 7. Antenna (Copper wire)-

Simple copper wire antennas can be effectively designed to improve radio reception over
a variety of frequency ranges. One of the most common designs is the dipole antenna, a
copper wire antenna consisting of two equal legs. The average do-it-yourselfer can easily
build a dipole antenna with basic tools and materials.

15
3-Working Methodology-

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

 Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.

 Draw a block diagram.
 Test for continuity of components and devices,
 Design of the device was carried out.
 Studying of various component used in circuit.
 Construction of the circuit was carried out. The construction of this project
includes the placing of components on Vero boards, soldering and connection of
components,
 Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

16
4-VALUE CHAIN
N O N C O N T A C T A C V O L T A G E T E S T E R v a l u e
c h a i n ( A S I S )

Material Testing Fixing

preparation components components

DMM,OSCILO
check
SCOPE
IC
Preparation

Testing
Case Transistors Solder
PREPARETIO compo
N nents
Testing to PCB
Capacitors

Ckt board
Testing
preparetion
Resistors

17
N O N C O N T A C T A C V O L T A G E T E S T E R v a lu e
c h a in ( T O B E )

Material Testing Fixing Market

preparation components components

DMM,OSCILO
SCOP
Check
Producer
IC

Solder
case
Testing compo whole
preparation nents
Transistor selers
to PCB

Ckt board Testing

distributer
preparation CAPACITR

18
 N O N C O N T A C T A C V O L T A G E T E S T E R v a lu e
c h a in (G A P )

Material Testing Fixing Market

preparation components components

DMM,OSCILO
SCOP checking
IC

Solder
Case
Testing compo
preparetion nents
Transistor
to PCB

Ckt board
Testing
preparation
capacitor

19
 Budget Breakdown

No. Components Specification Unit Quantity Price

1. Resistor R110Ohms,R2100kOhmsR3 pcs 3(one each) 50*3=150

1K

2. LED D3 LED red pcs 1 50

3. Capacitor C1, = 470uF/16V pcs 1 100

4. Transistor Q1-3 BC547 pcs 3(one each) 50*3=150

6. Diode D11N4007 pcs 1(one each) 50

8. PCB 10x20cm or above pcs 1 200

11. Soldering lead 0.8mm 63/37 alloy 2meter 100

Battery 2x1.2V (Ni-Cd Cells) pcs 1 200

Switch S1 pcs 50

Total coast 950

Table 1: Budget Breakdown

Tools/equipment needed
No Tools/Equipment Specification Quantity Price
Long nose, side
1 Pliers cuter 2
2 Screwdriver Philips, flat 2
3 Soldering iron 45w 1

5 Multi meter DIGITAL 1

Table 2: Tools/equipment needed

 20

4-Conclusion & Future Scope of Study-

The working principle of this wireless ac line detector is very simple to understand. it’s
working based on the radiated energy from the ac source. that means the AC ( alternative
current ) passing through a wire makes a magnetic field around the wire.

That will possess some charges on the magnetic field when the charges come contact on
the antenna of the circuit, then the circuit will work and turn on the LED.

21
Future scope-
This research paper analyzes a method used to detect electrical wires hidden behind
materials. This analysis involves the detection of electrical live wire, the quality of
detection and detection of hidden wires alternating current flowing in the wire. The
hardware was designed and developed based on the effect of magnetic flux.

 With this device, we can reduce the time taken to build underground fault.

 We can check the fault point of the wire in the wall to check Dead or Live wires.

 It is used by electrical engineers, electronics hobbyist, and electric consumers to

test the presence of electricity in a wire.

22
List of References-

https://youtu.be/HdAdwryIRqY
https://www.eleccircuit.com/simple-non-contact-ac-mains-voltage-detector/
[1] Jung-Hoon Ahn, Dong-Hee Kim, Byoung-Kuk Lee, Hyun-Cheol Jin, Jae-Sun Shim, "DC Appliance Safety
Standards Guideline through Comparative Analysis of AC and DC Supplied Home Appliances", Journal of
Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol. 7, No. 1, 2012, pp. 51~57, Online available (29.6.2014) at:
http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2012.7.1.51

23