UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO

College of Hospitality Education

Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management

Physically Distanced but Academically Engaged

Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) for Self-Directed Learning (SDL)

Course/Subject: TPC 105 –TOURISM POLICY PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT

Course Facilitator: JEFF E. ESCAMIS

Author: CLARENCE JOY D. ALCARAZ

THIS SIM/SDL MANUAL IS A DRAFT VERSION ONLY, NOT FOR REPRODUCTION AND
DISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE OF ITS INTENDED USE. THIS IS INTENDED ONLY FOR THE
USE OF THE STUDENTS WHO ARE OFFICIALLY ENROLLED IN THE
COURSE/SUBJECT.
EXPECT REVISIONS OF THE MANUAL.

Course Outline: TPC 105 –Tourism Policy Planning &
Development
Course Facilitator:
Email:
Student Consultation:
Mobile:
Phone:
Effectivity Date:
Mode of Delivery:
Time Frame:
Student Workload:
Requisites:
Credit:
Attendance Requirements:
Course Outline Policy
Areas of Concern
Contact and Non-contact Hours
Assessment Task Submission
College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131
Jeff E. Escamis
jescamis@umindanao.edu.ph
0905 246 4682 or thru LMS Chat
0905 246 4682
(082) 297 7024
June 2020
Online Blended Delivery
54 Hours
Expected Self-Directed Learning
None
3
For online sessions: minimum of 95% attendance
For 1-day on-campus/onsite review: 100% attendance;
for 1-day on-campus/onsite final exam: 100%
attendance
Details
This 3-unit course self-instructional manual is
designed for blended learning mode of
instructional delivery with scheduled face to
face or virtual sessions. The expected
number of hours will be 54 including the face
to face or virtual sessions
Submission of assessment tasks shall be on
the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th week of the term. The
assessment paper shall be attached with a
cover page indicating the title of the
assessment task (if the task is
performance), the name of the course
coordinator, date of submission, and the
name of the student. The document should
be emailed to the course coordinator. It is
also expected that you already paid your
tuition and other fees before
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 College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131
If the assessment task is done in real-time
through the features in the Blackboard
Learning Management System, the schedule
shall be arranged ahead of time by the course
coordinator.
Turnitin Submission To ensure honesty and authenticity, all
(if necessary) assessment tasks are required to be submitted
through Turnitin with a maximum similarity
index of 30% allowed. This means that if your
paper goes beyond 30%, the students will
either opt to redo her/his paper or explain in
writing addressed to the course coordinator
the reasons for the similarity. In addition, if the
paper has reached more than 30% similarity
index, the student may be called for a
disciplinary action in accordance with the
University's OPM on Intellectual and Academic
Honesty.

Please note that academic dishonesty such as

cheating and commissioning other students or
people to complete the task for you have
severe punishments (reprimand, warning,
expulsion).
Penalties for Late The score for an assessment item submitted
Assignments/Assessments after the designated time on the due date,
without an approved extension of time, will be
reduced by 5% of the possible maximum score
for that assessment item for each day or part
day that the assessment item is late.

However, if the late submission of assessment

paper has a valid reason, a letter of
explanation should be submitted and approved
by the course coordinator. If necessary, you
will also be required to present/attach
evidences.
Return of Assignments/ Assessment tasks will be returned to you two
Assessments (2) weeks after the submission. This will be
returned by email or via Blackboard portal.

For group assessment tasks, the course

coordinator will require some or few of the
students for online or virtual sessions to ask
clarificatory questions to validate the originality
of the assessment task submitted and to
ensure that all the group members are
involved.

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Assignment Resubmission
Re-marking of Assessment
Papers and Appeal
Grading System
Preferred Referencing Style
College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131
You should request in writing addressed to the
course coordinator his/her intention to
resubmit an assessment task. The
resubmission is premised on the student's
failure to comply with the similarity index and
other reasonable grounds such as academic
literacy standards or other reasonable
circumstances e.g. illness, accidents financial
constraints.
You should request in writing addressed to the
program coordinator your intention to appeal
or contest the score given to an assessment
task. The letter should explicitly explain the
reasons/points to contest the grade. The
program coordinator shall communicate with
the students on the approval and disapproval
of the request.
If disapproved by the course coordinator, you
can elevate your case to the program head or
the dean with the original letter of request. The
final decision will come from the dean of the
college.
All culled from BlackBoard sessions and
traditional contact
Course discussions/exercises – 15%
Course requirement – 15%
1st formative assessment – 10%
2nd formative assessment – 10%
3rd formative assessment – 10%
All culled from on-campus/onsite sessions
(TBA):
Final exam – 40%
Submission of the final grades shall follow the
usual University system and procedures.
APA 6th Edition.
Page 4 of 25

Student Communication
Contact Details of the Dean
Contact Details of the Program
Head
Students with Special Needs
Instructional Help Desk Contact Details
Library Contact Details
College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131
You are required to create a umindanao email
account which is a requirement to access the
BlackBoard portal. Then, the course
coordinator shall enroll the students to have
access to the materials and resources of the
course. All communication formats: chat,
submission of assessment tasks, requests etc.
shall be through the portal and other university
recognized
platforms.
You can also meet the course coordinator in
person through the scheduled face to face
sessions to raise your issues and concerns.
For students who have not created their
student email, please contact the course
coordinator or program head.
Florence Kristina M. Jimenez, PhD
Email: fkmellina@yahoo.com
Phone: (082) 297 7024
Clarence Joy D. Alcaraz, MBA
Email: clarencejoy_delosreyes@umindanao.edu.ph
Phone: (082) 297 7024
Students with special needs shall
communicate with the course coordinator
about the nature of his or her special needs.
Depending on the nature of the need, the
course coordinator with the approval of the
program coordinator may provide alternative
assessment tasks or extension of the deadline
of submission of assessment tasks. However,
the alternative assessment tasks should still
be in the service of achieving the desired
course learning outcomes.
BSHospMgt@umindanao.edu.ph
Brigida E. Bacani
library@umindanao.edu.ph
0951 376 6681
Ms. Christina Perocho
099 102 2141
library@umindanao.edu.ph
For inquiries, you can email at
umlic.eresources@gmail.com or
raphael_digal@umindanao.edu.ph
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 College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
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Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

Or chat with us here

Website: http://library.umindanao.edu.ph/
Facebook Page: UM Learning and Information
Center-Davao City

Well-being Welfare Support Help Desk Contact Ms. Danica Baja

Details danica07baja@gmail.com
0975 560 4961

CC’s Voice: Hello prospective Tourism Ambassador! Welcome to this

course TPC 105: Tourism Policy Planning and
Development. By now, I am confident that you really
wanted to learn and to become an expert Tourism
Destination Planner/Advisor and that you have visualized
yourself already being in the Tourism Industry deploying
development goals and implementing comprehensive
tourism system towards Tourism Destinations.

CO Before the Tourism Planning takes place, you have to

understand Tourism Planning as a process and as a set of
techniques for sustainable tourism development giving
importance on the physical environment and the social,
cultural and political realities of planning and policy
making. Students will engage with practical planning tools
and strategies, industry, government, field work and
individual group projects to develop an understanding of
tourism policy-making process, and to gain skills in both
evaluation and development of tourism plans and policies.

Let’s begin!

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Tourism Management Division
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Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

Big Picture

Week 4-6: Unit Learning Outcomes (ULO): At the end of the unit, you are expected to

a. Identify Laws Relevant to Tourism Planning

b. Examine Tourism Product Development
c. Understand the Forms of Tourism

Big Picture in Focus: ULOa. Identify Laws Relevant to Tourism

Planning

Metalanguage

In this section, enable for ULOa to demonstrate accordingly the most essential
knowledge relevant to the study of Laws Relevant to Tourism Planning will be discussed
properly. Please proceed immediately to the “Essential Knowledge” part to start learning more
on this unit.

Essential Knowledge

To perform the aforesaid big picture (unit learning outcomes) for the first three (3)
weeks of the course, you need to fully understand the following essential knowledge that will
be laid down in the succeeding pages. Please note that you are not limited to exclusively refer
to the these resources. Thus, you are expected to utilize other books, research articles and
other resources that are available in the university’s library e.g. ebrary, search.proquest.com
etc.

1. Republic Act 9593: Tourism Act of 2009. Section 2: Overall Tourism Policy. The
state declares tourism as an indispensable element of the national economy and an
industry of national interest and importance, which must be harnessed as an engine
of socioeconomic growth and cultural affirmation to generate investment, foreign
exchange, and employment , and to continue to mold an enhanced sense of national
pride for all Filipinos. Tourism Act of 2009 Coverage:

• Preferential treatment of Filipino nationals

• Prevention of exploitation of women and children
• Full government assistance by way of investment incentives
• Enhancement of the tourism data collection, analysis, and
dissemination
• Responsible tourism as a strategy
• Stronger tourism councils and the participation of NGOs, Pos, and the
private sector
• Progressive development of existing civil aviation, land, and sea
transportation policies.
• Boosting the convention-handling capability of the country

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• Balanced tourism development between urban and rural areas

• Capability-building of local government units in partnership with the
private sector
• International standards of excellence in all tourism facilities and services
• International business relations through partnerships, joint ventures,
and the other cooperative undertakings
• Sustainable funding mechanism

2. Sec. 39: Compulsory Accreditation. Primary tourism enterprises to obtain

compulsory DOT accreditation for quality assurance. Secondary tourism
enterprises to seek voluntary accreditation.
3. Sec 42: Tourism Officers. Every province, city or municipality, in which tourism
is a significant industry, must have a permanent position for a tourism officer.
4. Tourism Enterprise Zones (RA9593). Tourism enterprises are facilities,
services and attractions involved in tourism, such as but not limited to: travel and
tour services; tourist transport services, whether for land, sea or air transportation;
tour guides; adventure sports services involving such sports as mountaineering,
spelunking , scuba diving and other sports activities of significant potential;
convention organizers; accommodation establishments, including but not limited
to hotel, resorts, apartelle, tourist inns, motels, pension houses and home stay
operators. There are two types of Tourism Enterprise:
a. Primary Tourism Enterprises. Travel and Tour services; land, sea and air
transport services exclusively for tourist use; accommodation establishments;
convention and exhibition organizers; tourism estate management services and
such other enterprises as may be identified by the secretary after consultation with
concerned sectors

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Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

b. Secondary Tourism Enterprises. All other tourism enterprises not covered by

the preceding subsection

5. Two types of Tourism Zones:

• Greenfield Tourism Zone-a new or pioneer development as

determined by the TIEZA
• Brownfield Tourism Zone-an area with existing infrastructure or
development as determined by the TIEZA.
6. Fiscal Incentives for TEZs- income tax holiday for a period of six years,
extendable to a maximum of 6 more years. Gross income Taxation of 5%, 100%
exemption of taxes and customs duties on imported capital investment and
equipment.
7. Non-fiscal Incentives for TEZs-employment of foreign national’s subject to
conditions, special investor’s resident visa to a foreign national who shall invest at
least USD200,000. Right to repatriate entire proceeds of the liquidation of the
investment.
8. Criteria for TIEZA Financing of Infrastructure Projects. TIEZA will only
finance infrastructure projects that involve development, rehabilitation, and
enhancement of tourism historic sites, cultural and heritage sites and ecotourism
sites, and on areas that are not privately owned.
Evaluation Criteria for such projects are:
Ecological Consideration 25%
Economic Consideration 20%
Sustainability 20%
Community and stakeholder consideration 15%
Financial Consideration 10%
Cultural Consideration 10%

9. Republic Act 7586: National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of

1992. It provides that tourism may be allowed in protected landscapes or
seascapes. Referring to areas of national significance which are characterized by
the harmonious interaction of man and land while providing opportunities for public
enjoyment through the recreation and tourism within the normal lifestyle and
economic activity of these area.

10. Prohibitions in Protected Areas:

1.Hunting, destroying, disturbing, or mere possession of any plants or animals or
products derived from the PA.
2. Dumping of any waste products
3. Use of any motorized equipment
4. Mutilating, defacing or destroying objects of natural beauty, or objects of interest
to cultural communities
5. Damaging and leaving roads and trails in a damage condition
6. Squatting, mineral locating, or otherwise occupying any land

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Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

7. Constructing or maintaining any kind of structure, fence or enclosures,

conducting any business enterprise without a permit.
8. Leaving in exposed or unsanitary conditions refuse or debris or depositing in
ground or in bodies of water.
9. Altering, removing, destroying or defacing boundary marks or signs.

10. Presidential Decree 1151 of 1977: The Philippine Environment Policy-

Section 4. “all agencies and instrumentalities of the national government, including
government owned and controlled corporations (GOCs), as well as private
corporations, firms and entities shall prepare, file and include in every action,
project or undertaking which significantly affects the quality of the environment a
detailed statement on... the environmental impact of the proposed action, project
or undertaking.” Section 5 of the same decree required the different agencies
charged with environmental protection to submit to the National Environmental
Protection Council (NEPC), their respective guidelines, rules and regulations to
carry out the provisions of Sec. 4 on environment impact assessments and
statements.

11. Presidential Decree 1586: Environmental Impact Assessment System of

1978

• Environmental Impact Statement (EIA)- the process of predicting the likely

environmental consequences of implementing a project or undertaking
and designing appropriate preventive, mitigating, and enhancement
measures”
• Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)-required for environmentally
critical projects (ECPs)
• ECPs include: heavy industries, forestry projects, fishery projects,
infrastructure projects and golf courses.

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Tourism Management Division
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Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

12. Republic Act 9729: Climate Change Act of 2009. Enacted in line with the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Ultimately objective of
the Convention: Stabilization of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the
atmosphere. This is A response to address the vulnerability of the Philippines to
the impacts of climate change, such as rising seas, changing landscapes,
increasing frequency and/or severity of droughts, fires, floods and storms, climate-
related illness and diseases, damage to ecosystem, biodiversity loss that affect the
country’s environment, culture and economy”.

13. Republic Act 7611: Strategic Environmental Plan (SEP) for Palawan Act
of 1992. Specifies where in the Environmentally Critical Areas Network (ECAN)
tourism activity is allowed. ECAN is a graded of protection and development control
over the whole of Palawan, including its tribal lands, forests, mines, agricultural
areas, settlement areas, small islands mangroves, coral reefs, seagrass beds, and
the sorrounding sea. It serves the main strategy of SEP.

14. Other Environmental Laws:

• RA8749-The Clean Air Act of 1999-controls air pollution from vehicles,

industrial plants, and area sources, also banned leaded gasoline, smoke
belching for motor vehicles, ozone-depleting substances, and smoking
public places.
• RA9275-Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004. Aims to prevent pollution of
water bodies from land-based sources (e.g., wastewater discharge)
• RA9003: Philippine Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. It
provides for the adoption of a comprehensive solid waste management
program.
• Republic Act 9710: The Magna Carta of Women. It emphasizes the value
of gender equality and women empowerment, affirms the role of women in
nation-building and ensures the substantive equality of women and men.
• Republic Act 8371: The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act 1997-It protects the
rights of indigenous peoples on their ancestral lands. Recognizes that IPs

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must be protected from discrimination and for their customs, traditions,

values, beliefs, interests and institutions to be respected. Rights to
ancestral domains are the right to ownership, right to develop lands and
natural resources, right to benefit and share profits from the allocation and
utilization of natural areas etc.
• The Ethno-Linguistic Groups in the Philippines
1. Igorot-a collective term for the IPs in Cordillera Region, literally means
“people from the mountains”
2.Aeta-IPs in Zambales, Bataan, and Pampanga provinces
3. Caraballo groups-IPs in Eastern of Luzon
4. Dumagat-IPs in Eastern of Luzon
5. Mangyan-generic for IPs in Mindoro and Sibuyan Island
6. Palawan Groups-IPs in Palawan Province are called Tagabanua, Palaw-
an, Molbog and Batak
7. Ati and Tumanduk-IPs in Panay Island
8. Lumad-a generic term used to refer to the IPs of Mindanao.
• Republic Act No. 7277: Magna Carta for Disabled Persons-some provisions
of RA 7277 that have implications for tourism planning and development:
Tax Incentives provided entities that employ PWDs and that improve or
modify their physical facilities to provide reasonable accommodation for
disabled persons. Requirement for public and private structures to have a
specially designed ramps, toilets, parking space and other facilities for
PWDs.

Self-Help: You can also refer to the sources below to help you
further understand the lesson:

1. Carino, J.K. (2012). Country Technical Notes on Indigenous Peoples issues (Republic
of the Philippines). International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
2. Environmental Management Bureau, Region IX. Philippine Environmental Laws
3. Presidential Decree 1152 of 1997. The Philippine Environment Policy
4. Presidential Decree 1586 of 1978. Environmental Impact Statement System.

KEYWORDS INDEX. The following terms and concepts discussed in this unit of lesson
are important for you to remember. To help you review, please review the terms below.

Tourism Act Department of Tourism Tourism

of 2009 Tourism investment and Promotion Board
Enterprise Zone
Authority
Greenfield Brownfield Republic Act Protected Areas
Tourism Tourism Zone 7586
Zone

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Presidential Presidential Environmental Republic Act

Decree 1151 Decree 1586 Critical Areas 9729
of 1997
Republic Act Republic Act Republic Act Republic Act
7611 9710 8371 7277

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Tourism Management Division
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Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

Big Picture in Focus: ULOb. Examine Tourism Product

Development

Metalanguage
For you to demonstrate ULOb, you will need to grasp full knowledge by examining
Tourism Product and Development.

1. The Tourism Product is defined in several ways, a few of which are provided by
Smith 1995: “a bundle of activities, services and benefits that constitute the entire
tourism experience. This bundle consists of five components: destination attractions,
destination facilities, accessibility, images, and price”. (Medlik and Middleton 1973).

2.Jefferson and Lickorish 1988: a collection of physical and service features, together
with symbolic associations, which is expected to fulfill the wants and needs of the
buyer”(1988:59): “a satisfying activity at a desired destination”

3.Lewis and Chambers 1989: “goods, environment, and services” Elements of Smith’s
Tourism Product Model-services, physical plant, hospitality, freedom of choice,
involvement.

Essential Knowledge
To perform this level of knowledge and to attain the main objectives of this unit let us
begin the discussion for you to target the sufficient Essential Knowledge that will be laid down
in the succeeding pages. Please note that you are not limited to exclusively refer to the these
resources. Thus, you are expected to utilize other books, research articles and other resources
that are available in the university’s library e.g. ebrary, search.proquest.com etc.

1. Pre-requisites to Tourism Product Development- accessibility, resources,

demand, policy and government, tourism in relation to destination’s overall economy,
acceptability to stakeholders, adherence to nationally accepted standards
(Accreditation)

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2. DOT Star Rating System for Hotels:

• Five Star-luxury and sophistication; facilities are world class; meticulous

service
• Four Star-Accommodation is refined and stylish; responsive service, often
including an extensive array of facilities.
• Three Star- very good level of accommodation; more spacious public areas;
higher quality facilities
• Two Star- appeal to tourists seeking more than basic accommodation; offer
expanded facilities and higher levels of comfort.
• One Star-appeal to budget-minded travelers;limited range of facilities and
services
*Certification of Accreditation is valid only for two (2) years.

3. Dimensions Categorized as mandatory and minimum requirements under the

new accreditation system:

1. Arrival/Departure
2. Public Areas
3. Bedroom
4. Bathroom
5. Food and Beverage
6. Amenities and Services
7. Business Practices

4. Tourism Product Development Process

Steps in TPD:
1. Identify tourism assets.
2. Match assets with potential markets
3. Make the product more inviting, such as providing infrastructure.
4. Develop activities around the tourism assets.

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5. Develop tour packages

6.Communicate benefits to target markets.
7. Develop a destination marketing organization (DMO)

5. Tourism Product Development Principles by UNWTO-ETC (2011) Handbook

on Tourism Product Development

1. Relevance
2. Sustainability
3.Circuits and Routes
4.Market Knowledge
5.Product Knowledge
6.Product-market match
7. Hubs and Spokes
8.Variety
9. Tourist involvement
10. Central role of government
11. Importance of local government units
12. Dedicated TPD function
13. Stakeholder participation
14. Long term planning
15. Zoning
16. Investment promotion
17. Capacity Building
18. Compatibility with destination branding
19. Holistic Approach

6. Components of Tourism Product Development Plan

1.Development Strategy
2. Development Zones
3.Scale and form of development
4. Policy and intervention initiatives
5.Economic analysis
6. Marketing Plan
7.Action Plan

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7. Development Strategies for Different Destinations:

• Mature Destinations-upgrading current products, adding new products and

promotion
• Newly emerging destinations-provide primary services for tourists,
encourage, visitation through easier visa policies, provide good access and
acceptable standards of accommodation. Etc.
• Destinations Specializing in Sports and Activities-ensure safety, provide
basic infrastructure and services for the public, provide facilities and
amenities for the outdoor tourism activities
• Destinations that are rich in history-focus on interpretation, develop
museums, schedule events and festivals around the history of the place.

11. Product Diversification Strategy Considerations:

1. Quality of tourism resources relative to product requirements

2.Suitability of facilities and accommodations for the market segments that would be
attracted
3. Anticipated investment required to enter the market
4.Expected return on investment and likely per visitor yield
5.Compatibility with existing markets you serve
6. Your own relevant knowledge base about the new product area

12. Tour Packaging. Tour Package-a combination of a “number elements in a region

into a themed experience-accommodation, transportation, food, attractions and
education/interpretation” (EGS 2002). Create tour package by combining tangible and
intangible products that will satisfy different market segments. Consumers prefer to
buy tour packages because they equate the package with benefits as they have been

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“pre-assembled to bundle the best of experience”. They think tour packages offer the
best value and provide convenience. (EGS 2002).

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13. Product Development Practices:

• Design activities that are suitable for the place’s natural assets.
• Take advantage of man-made features, terrain and other natural features such
as zipline or hanging bridge on a hilly area.
• Turn disasters into a tourist product: voluntourism or dark tourism.
• Create Products from events (ex: package for New Year’s Eve Countdown)
• If the place has no distinctive natural assets, develop man-made attractions.
• Hi-touch strategy. Personalize service quality and develop service styles
• High-tech strategy. Use technoloy to create exclusivity and an aura of
sophistication.
• Invent a new product class
• Find use for a negative attribute. An example is the Boryeong Mud Festival in
Korea.
• Use the “eco-brand” in places which are infrastructure-deficient. Make the
guests stay in the ecolodge.
• Advocacy. Appeal to the tourists’ sense of justice compassion and ethics etc.

Self-Help: You can also refer to the sources below to help you
further understand the lesson:

1. Department of Tourism (2012). National Accommodation Standards (Hotels).

2. Economic Growth Solutions (2002). Ontario Resource-Based Tourism Diversification
Opportunities Report: Product Development Opportunities for Resource-Based Tourism
Diversification Opportunities Report: Product Development Opportunities for Resource-Based
Operators. Ministry of Northern Development and Mines.
3. Guevara,L.(2013). Tourist Behavior Characteristics of Tourist to the Philippines.

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4. UN World Tourism Organization & European Travel Commission (2011). Handbook on

Tourism Product Development. Madrid:UNWTO;Brussels:ETC.

KEYWORDS INDEX. The following terms and concepts discussed in this unit of lesson
are important for you to remember. To help you review, please review the terms below.

Tourism Tangible Product Intangible DOT Star Rating

Product Product System

Components Product-Market Tour Packaging Product Development

of Tourism Matching Project Practices
Product
Development
Plan

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Big Picture in Focus: ULOc. Understand the Forms of Tourism

Metalanguage
For you to demonstrate ULOc, you should learn and understand the Forms of Tourism
which provides a partial list of the possible forms of tourism that can be developed by
destinations, communities, or tour operators.

Essential Knowledge
To perform this level of knowledge and to attain the main objectives of this unit let us
begin the discussion for you to target the sufficient Essential Knowledge that will be laid down
in the succeeding pages. Please note that you are not limited to exclusively refer to the these
resources. Thus, you are expected to utilize other books, research articles and other resources
that are available in the university’s library e.g. ebrary, search.proquest.com etc.

1. Family Tourism. Tourism that caters to a family travelling together. Family

destinations must have provisions for: family-friendly parking facilities; child-friendly,
supervised play areas in airport terminals and bottle warmers; designated check-in
desk for families traveling with young children; pre-boarding of aircraft for families with
babies and young children; and baby stroller drop-off and collection from aircraft
available at all airports.

2. Gap Tourism. Travel during a gap year where a nominal period during which a
person delays further education or employment in order to travel. It includes gap
tourists who are mostly backpackers. A gap tourists needs are Good system of budget
accommodation facilities, peaceful conditions, people who are welcoming of visitors
and good mass transportation.

3. Honeymoon. What honeymooners want: Privacy, luxurious dining, exclusive

accommodation, stunning views, romantic settings etc.

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 College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

4. Senior Travel. Travel by people who are 60 years and older (age in Philippine
context) Why seniors are an important market group: Lots of free time on their hands,
relatively affluent, free from most family and financial obligations.

5. Solo Female Travel. Travelers are a good market for all female hotels, spas,
designer bags, fashion items and accessories.

6. Adventure Travel. One that involves a certain amount of risk. Extreme tourism is a
subset of adventure tourism that involves travel to dangerous places or participation in
dangerous events. Example: Base jumping, cave diving, free diving, etc.

7. Dark Tourism. It involves visits to areas with a history of horrific crimes, slavery,
genocide, torture, disasters and accidents.

8. Doom Tourism. a.k.a “Last Chance Tourism where it involves travelling to places
that are environmentally threatened (e.g., the melting glaciers of Patagonia)

9. Medical Tourism. It involves people travelling to a different place to receive

treatment for a disease , an ailment or a condition or to undergo a cosmetic procedure,
and who are seeking lower cost of care, higher quality of care, better access to care
or different care than what they could receive at home.

10. Wellness Tourism. “Tourism involves people who travel to a different place to
proactively pursue activities that maintain or enhance their personal health and well
being and who are seeking unique, authentic or location based experiences/therapies
not available at home”.

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 College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

11. Cultural Tourism. Tourism that is based on the cultural assets of a destination.
Assets may be tangible or intangible and may take the form of buildings, paintings,
music, songs, dances, food, religion, languages, traditions, and events.

12. Religious Tourism. It involves travelling to visit a place, building, or shrine

deemed sacred or holy (Mckelvie 2005)

13. Festival Tourism. Types of Festival are the cultural, indigenous, film, flower,
religious, local produce.

14. Heritage Tourism. Travel to places with historic value, ethnic culture and
pristine nature. (please research the UNESCO World Heritage List in the Philippines)

15. Cruise-a unique kind of travel because the mode of transport and
accommodation is fused into one (the ship)

16. Nature-based tourism. A form of tourism that relies on experiences directly

related to natural attractions. Example: fishing, kayaking, diving, camping, mountain
climbing, caving, safari, watching animals in their natural habitat

17. Wildlife Tourism. Travel to destination for the sake of appreciating wild animals
in their natural habitats. It is a form of nature-based tourism. example: Safari

18. Ecotourism. A form of sustainable tourism within a natural and cultural heritage
area where community participation, protection and management of natural
resources, culture and indigenous knowledge, and practices, environmental
education and ethics as well as economic benefits are fostered and pursued for the
enrichment of host communities and satisfaction of visitors.

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 College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

19. Rural Tourism. It involves all tourist activities which take part in the countryside.
It based on agriculture as the main economic activity. Equated with simple lifestyle,
fresh air, organic foods, laidback lifestyle, and hospitable neighbors.

20. Urban Tourism. Based on the totality of attractions in the the cities. Primary
Tourist Attractions in Cities like parks, shopping opportunities, dining experiences
and night life.

21. Poorism/Slum/Ghetto Tourism

• Poorism-tourism that uses poverty itself as the main attraction.

• Slum Tourism and ghetto tourism are two versions of poorism.
• Exposure to poorism may sometimes give rise to voluntourism.

22. Sport Tourism. Travel to destinations for the purpose of watching or participating
in sports events.

23. Gateway Tourism. Tourism that happens in a border town or city. Usually of
short duration.

Self-Help: You can also refer to the sources below to help you
further understand the lesson:

1. Cruise Market Watch. Retrieved from http://www.cruisemarketwatch.com/geography

2. Department of Tourism. 2002. “National Ecotourism Strategy”. Retrieved from
http://www.tourism.gov.ph

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 College of Hospitality Education
Tourism Management Division
2nd Floor, HRM/TM Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082)297-7024/ (082) 300-5456 Local 131

3. Dwyer, L, Edwards, D., Mistilis, N., Roman, C., Scott, N. & Cooper, C. (2008). Megatrends
Underpinning Tourism to 2020: Analysis of Key Drivers for Change. Sustainable Tourism
Cooperative Research Centre.

KEYWORDS INDEX. The following terms and concepts discussed in this unit of lesson
are important for you to remember. To help you review, please review the terms below.

Family Gap Tourism Adventure Senior Travel

Tourism Travel

Dark Doom Tourism Medical and Cultural Tourism

Tourism Wellness
Tourism

Religious Festival Tourism Heritage Cruise

Tourism Tourism

Nature- Wildlife Tourism Ecotourism Rural Tourism

based
Tourism

Urban Poorism Tourism Slum Tourism Ghetto Tourism

Tourism

Sport Gateway
Tourism Tourism

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