4.

50

S= 8.08 ft

ft

B= 9.33 ft
S1 S2

4.67
CG
Z1 Z2

4.17 ft 3.91 ft

3.50
ft 7.500 ft 7.500 ft

15.00 ft

Ø12mm@ 5.00 in c/c

Ø16mm@ 8.00 in c/c
Ø20mm@ 11.00 in c/c
Ø25mm@ 18.00 in c/c

Ø12mm@ 10.00 in c/c

Ø16mm@ 16.00 in c/c
Ø20mm@ 22.00 in c/c
Ø25mm@ 36.00 in c/c

Longitudinal Reinforcement in the Top of Footing

Step-1: Data

Size of Column, S1 = 18.00 in = 1.50 ft (Col. A)

Z1 = 12.00 in = 1.00 ft (Col. A)
S2 = 10.00 in = 0.83 ft (Col. B)
Z2 = 15.00 in = 1.25 ft (Col. B)
Distance center to center of Colums, S = 8.08 ft
 f'c = 3,000.00 psi
= 3.00 ksi
fy = 60,000.00 psi
= 60.00 ksi
Service Load on Column, A = 150.00 kips (Load taken from Staadpro)
Service Load on Column, B = 160.00 kips (Load taken from Staadpro)
Service Load with 10% self wt. of Footing, Ws = 341.00 kips

Allowable Soil Pressure, qa = 3.00 ksf

Step-2: Footign Size

Since the space between the bottom of the footing and the surface will be occupied partly by
concrete and partly by soil (fill), an average unit weight of 125 lb/ft 3 will be assumed.

So, pressure of Soil, A1 = 125.00 pcf

Let, Top of the Footing below GL, B1 = 8.00 ft
The Soil Pressure at 8.00 ft depth, C1= A1xB1 = 1,000.00 psf

The net bearing pressure of the soil to carry the Colm Service Load, q net = qa - C1
= 2.000 ksf

Hence, the required footing area, Areq = Ws / qnet

= 170.50 ft2

The CG of the Columns will be, (from the left side of Col. A)
X = [Load on Col.A* (S1/2) + Load on Col.B* (S1/2 + S) ] / (Load on Col.A + Load on Col.B)
= 59.06 in
= 4.92 ft
Y = [Load on Col.A* (Z1/2) + Load on Col.B* (Z2/2)] / (Load on Col.A + Load on Col.B)
= 6.00 in
= 0.50 ft

So, the distance from the center of Col.A to Upper end side = B/2 - Z1/2 - Y
= 4.67 ft
and the distance from the center of Col.A to Lower end side = 4.67 ft

The CG of the Columns will be, (from the center of Col. A)

= 50.06 in
= 4.17 ft
The CG of the Columns will be, (from the center of Col. B)
= 3.91 ft
Primary Length of the Footing will be, (from the left side of Col. A)
= 2* X ft
= 9.84 ft Say, 15.00 ft

Now, the cantilever distance from right side of Col.B = 69.00 in

= 5.75 ft
Or, the cantilever distance from the center of Col.B = 6.17 ft
Say, C1 = 4.50 ft

Let, the cantilever distance from the left side of Col.A, C2 = 3.50 ft ( d/2 distance considering
d=3'-0")
Finally, App. Length of the Footing = 18.50 ft

Say, Length of Footing, L = 18.50 ft

So, Width of Footing, B = Areq / L
= 9.22 ft
Say, Width of Footing, B = 9.33 ft

Step-3: Calculating S.F & B.M at different points

Factored Load on Colm.A, PuA= 254.00 kips (Load taken from Staadpro)
Factored Load on Colm.B, PuB= 267.00 kips (Load taken from Staadpro)

Factored Load from Colms,Pu = 521.00 kips

Upward pressure caused by the factored load of column, qu = Pu / (LxB)
= 3.02 ksf

The Net Upward pressure per linear foot in the longitudinal direction is, wu = qu*B
= 28.16

254.00 kips 267.00 kips

28.16 kips/ft (-ve)

X 128.54 kip

98.57 kip
 113.19 kip 115.00 kip

(+ve) (+ve)

(-ve)

57.36 kip-ft

S.F to the left of Com.A, a = C2*wu = 98.57 kips (+ve)

S.F to the right of Com.A, b = (C2+S1)*wu-PuA
= (113.19) kips (-ve)
S.F to the letf of Com.B, c = PuB-(C1+S2/2)*wu
= 128.54 kips (+ve)
S.F to the right of Com.B, d = (-)(C1-S2/2)*wu
= (115.00) kips (-ve)

Let "X" be the distance of zero shear from the the left side of Col.A

X-S1 S+S1/2-S2/2-X
Now, =
b c
So, X = 4.74 ft

B.M. at letf of Com.A, e = wu*C2*(C2/2)

= 172.49 kip-ft (+ve)
= 2,069,918.92 lb-in (+ve) C1-S2/2 = 4.08
B.M. at right of Com.B, f = wu*(C1-S2/2)*(C1-S2/2)/2
= 234.78 kip-ft (+ve)
= 2,817,389.64 lb-in (+ve)
B.M. at the center of Com.A, g = wu*(C2+S1/2)*(C2+S1/2)/2 C2+S1/2 = 4.25
= 254.34 kip-ft (+ve)
= 3,052,074.32 lb-in (+ve)
B.M. at the center of Com.B, h = wu*C1*C1/2 C2+S1/2 = 0.63
= 285.14 kip-ft (+ve)
= 3,421,702.70 lb-in (+ve)

Max. B.M. will be at zero share ( at X distance)

 = wu*(X+C2)*(X+C2)/2 - PuA*(X-S1/2) X-S1/2 = 3.99
= (57.36) kip-ft (+ve) X+C2 = 8.24
= (688,294.79) lb-in (+ve)

Step-4: Checking "d" from Punching Shear

Let, the depth of the footing, d = 15.50 in 1.29 ft

Punching shear should be checked on a perimeter section st a distance d/2 around the column.
Of the two columns, the lfet side column (Col.A) is more critical at a distance d/2 from the column
face in ragard to the punching shear.

Hence the length of the Critical Perimeter around Col.A, bo = 2{(S1+d)+(Z1+d)}

= 10.17 ft

The shear force acting on this perimeter, being equal to the Column load minus the soil pressure
within the perimeter, is :- Vu = PuA - qu*(S1+d)*(Z1+d) kips
= 234.69 kips

Design strength, ØVc = 4ØÖf'cbod kips

= 352.15 kips > Vu = 234.69

Since ØVc > Vu, So, d = 15.50 in is adequate for punching shear.

Step-5: Checking "d" from Beam Shear

The selected value d= 15.50 in will now be checked for one-way or beam shear at a distance "d"
to the left side of Column B.
The factored shear force acting on that section is :-

Vu = c - wu*d kips
= 92.16 kips

Design strength, ØVc = 2ØÖf'cBd kips

= 161.59 kips > Vu = 92.16

Since ØVc > VuL, So, d = 15.50 in is also adequate for Beam shear.

Step-6: Checking "d" from Max Moment

 P = 0.75 Pb = 0.75x0.85x0.85x(f'c/fy)x(87000/(87000+fy))
= 0.016
Mu = ØPfyBd2(1-0.59P(fy/f'c) B= Width of the short direction(B)
d= 6.598 in < 15.50 in = 111.96 in
Mu = Max Moment
So, d = 15.50 in = 3,421,702.70 lb-in
and, t = 20.00 in

Step-7: Steel requirements in the Long Direction (L) (Top Bar)

As = Mu / ((Øfy(d-a/2)) Let, a= 1.2 in

= 4.253 2 Here, B = Width of the short direction(B)
in
Check, a= Asfy / 0.85f'cB = 111.96 in
= 0.894 in = 1.2 in, So OK

So, As = 4.253 in2

Reinforcement Required: -
(1) 22.00 nos. Ø12mm = Ø12mm@ 5.00 in c/c
(2) 14.00 nos. Ø16mm = Ø16mm@ 8.00 in c/c
(3) 10.00 nos. Ø20mm = Ø20mm@ 11.00 in c/c
(4) 6.00 nos. Ø25mm = Ø25mm@ 18.00 in c/c

Step-8: Development length of deformed bars in Tension Zone (Top Bar)

0. 04 A V f y
For Bars #11 and smaller, Development length, Ld = 1.4x but ¿0 . 0004 d b f y
√ f 'c
0.0004dbfy= 12.00 in , for Ø12mm rod Dia of 12mm rod = 0.50
= 15.00 in , for Ø16mm rod Dia of 16mm rod = 0.63
= 18.00 in , for Ø20mm rod Dia of 20mm rod = 0.75
= 24.00 in , for Ø25mm rod Dia of 25mm rod = 1.00

Ld = 12.27 in , for Ø12mm rod Area of 12mm rod = 0.20

= 19.02 in , for Ø16mm rod Area of 16mm rod = 0.31
= 26.99 in , for Ø20mm rod Area of 20mm rod = 0.44
= 48.46 in , for Ø25mm rod Area of 25mm rod = 0.79

The distance from the point of Max. Moment to the nearer left end of the bar is:-
= X+C2-3/12 (deducting 3" clear cover)
 = 7.99 ft
which is much larger than the required minimum development length. So, the selected reinforcement is
therefore adequate for both bending and bond.

Step-11: Steel requirements under Column "A" (Longitudinal)

As = Mu / ((Øfy(d-a/2)) Let, a= 0.33 in

= 3.686 2 Here, B = Width of the short direction(B)
in
Check, a= Asfy / 0.85f'cB = 111.96 in
= 0.775 in = 0.33 in, So OK Mu = Moment at Center of Col.A (g)
= 3,052,074.32 lb-in

pmin = 200 / fy = 0.003

Asmin = pmin*b*d = 5.785 in2

So, As = 5.785 in2

Reinforcement Required: -
(1) 29.00 nos. Ø12mm = Ø12mm@ 4.00 in c/c
(2) 19.00 nos. Ø16mm = Ø16mm@ 6.00 in c/c
(3) 14.00 nos. Ø20mm = Ø20mm@ 8.00 in c/c
(4) 8.00 nos. Ø25mm = Ø25mm@ 13.00 in c/c

According to the rule, the width of the Transverse Beam around each Column will be,
= Width of the column + 2(d/2)
= 2.15 ft from the left side of Col.A
= 2.13 ft from the right side of Col.B

So, for Longitudinal bottom reinforcement, the covered area will be,
= 5.65 ft total for Col.A
or = 1.40 ft from the center of Col.A to the right side.
= 6.21 ft total for Col.B
or = 1.71 ft from the center of Col.B to the left side.

Step-12: Steel requirements under Column "B" (Longitudinal)

As = Mu / ((Øfy(d-a/2)) Let, a = 0.5 in

= 4.155 2 Here, B = Width of the transverse beam (B)
in
Check, a= Asfy / 0.85f'cB = 111.96 in
= 0.873 in = 0.5 in, So OK Mu = Moment at Center of Col.B (h)
= 3,421,702.70 lb-in
 pmin = 200 / fy = 0.003

Asmin = pmin*b*d = 5.785 in2

So, As = 5.785 in2

Reinforcement Required: -
(1) 29.00 nos. Ø12mm = Ø12mm@ 4.00 in c/c
(2) 19.00 nos. Ø16mm = Ø16mm@ 6.00 in c/c
(3) 14.00 nos. Ø20mm = Ø20mm@ 8.00 in c/c
(4) 8.00 nos. Ø25mm = Ø25mm@ 13.00 in c/c

Development length is shown at Setp-11

Step-13: Design of Transverse Beam Under Col."A"

From Step-11, the width of the transverse beam under Col.A, b= 2.15 ft
Since, the transverse reinforcement is placed on the top of the longitudinal bars, the actual depth
will be, d= Actual "d" - 1 in
= 14.50 in
Factored Load on Colm.A, PuA= 254.00 kips
Width of the Footing, B = 9.33 ft
The net upward load per linear foot of the transverse beam, WuA = PuA / B
= 27.22 kip/ft
= 27,224.01 lb/ft
The moment at the edge of Col.A, Mu = WuA*X1*(X1/2) X1=
= 236,130.50 lb-ft =

As = Mu / ((Øfy(d-a/2)) Let, a= 3.8 in

= 4.165 2 Here, b = Width of the transverse beam
in
Check, a= Asfy / 0.85f'cb = 25.75 in
= 3.805 in = 3.8 in, So OK

pmin = 200 / fy = 0.003

Asmin = pmin*b*d = 1.245 in2 d= d-1 in

= 14.50 in
So, As = 4.165 2
in

Reinforcement Required: -
(1) 21.00 nos. Ø12mm = Ø12mm@ 1.00 in c/c
(2) 14.00 nos. Ø16mm = Ø16mm@ 2.00 in c/c
(3) 10.00 nos. Ø20mm = Ø20mm@ 3.00 in c/c
(4) 6.00 nos. Ø25mm = Ø25mm@ 4.00 in c/c
Step-14: Design of Transverse Beam Under Col."B"

From Step-11, the width of the transverse beam under Col.B, b= 2.13 ft
Since, the transverse reinforcement is placed on the top of the longitudinal bars, the actual depth
will be, d= Actual "d" - 1 in
= 14.50 in

Factored Load on Colm.B, PuB= 267.00 kips

Width of the Footing, B = 9.33 ft
The net upward load per linear foot of the transverse beam, WuB = PuB / B
= 28.62 kip/ft
= 28,617.36 lb/ft
The moment at the edge of Col.A, Mu = WuB*X2*(X2/2) X2=
= 233,540.58 lb-ft =

As = Mu / ((Øfy(d-a/2)) Let, a= 7.1 in

= 4.740 2 Here, b = Width of the transverse beam
in
Check, a= Asfy / 0.85f'cb = 25.50 in
= 4.373 in = 7.1 in, So OK

pmin = 200 / fy = 0.003

Asmin = pmin*b*d = 1.233 in2 d= d-1 in

= 14.50 in
So, As = 4.740 in2

Reinforcement Required: -
(1) 24.00 nos. Ø12mm = Ø12mm@ 1.00 in c/c
(2) 16.00 nos. Ø16mm = Ø16mm@ 2.00 in c/c
(3) 11.00 nos. Ø20mm = Ø20mm@ 2.00 in c/c
(4) 6.00 nos. Ø25mm = Ø25mm@ 4.00 in c/c

Step-15: Development Length for Column

9.5Öf'c where, D= dia of footing reinf.

Max Bond Stress, u =
D
= 1,040.67 psi for Ø12mm

= 832.54 psi for Ø16mm

= 693.78 psi for Ø20mm

= 520.34 psi for Ø25mm

 Asfy where, SO = Perimeter of Reinf.
Reqd Development Length, ld =
uSO = 2*P*r
= 7.34 in for Ø12mm = P*d
= 11.37 in for Ø16mm P= 3.14
= 16.14 in for Ø20mm

= 28.98 in for Ø25mm

ft Ø12mm@ 8.00 in c/c
Ø16mm@ 12.00 in c/c
Ø20mm@ 16.00 in c/c
2.15 ft Ø25mm@ 26.00 in c/c
2.15
2.13 ft

Ø12mm@ 4.00 in c/c

Ø16mm@ 6.00 in c/c
Ø20mm@ 8.00 in c/c
Ø25mm@ 13.00 in c/c

Longitudinal Reinforcement in the Bottom of Footing

Ø12mm@ 1.00 in c/c

Ø16mm@ 2.00 in c/c
2.15 ft Ø20mm@ 3.00 in c/c
Ø25mm@ 4.00 in c/c Ø12mm@ 1.00
Ø16mm@ 2.00
Ø20mm@ 2.00
Ø25mm@ 4.00

2.13 ft

Transverse Reinforcement in the Bottom of Footing

e considering

kips / ft
kips / ft
ft

ft

ft
 ft
ft

kips

a distance "d"

kips
hort direction(B)

hort direction(B)

in
in
in
in

in
in
in
in
hort direction(B)

nter of Col.A (g)

ansverse beam (B)

nter of Col.B (h)

 B/2 - Z1/2
4.17 ft

ansverse beam
 B/2 - Z2/2
4.04 ft

ansverse beam

dia of footing reinf.

erimeter of Reinf.
 Ø16mm - 8 legged Stirrup
@ 8" c/c

ft
2.13 ft

Ø16mm - 4 legged Stirrup

@ 16" c/c

Detailing of Stirrups

in c/c
in c/c
in c/c
in c/c