Bitanhuan National High School

Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

12

Electrical
Installation
and
Maintenance
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Quarter 2 - Week No. 2

Information Sheet
Subject : Electrical Installation and Maintenance
Grade Level : 12
Subject Type : Specialized
Prepared by : Ruel M. Telin-T1-MNHS
Learning Competency: Install the wiring devices for floor and ground fault
current interrupter based on PEC standards
(TLE-IAE10WD-IIIa-IVj-2)
Objectives : 1. Understand how to install GFCI receptacle type;
2. Understand how to install GFCI breaker;
3. Identify areas that required GFCI protection;
4. Perform test of the GFCIs; and
5. Observe safety procedure in installing GFCI.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

GFCI - is a fast-acting circuit breaker designed to turn off electric power in the event of a
ground fault. It works by allowing current flow going to and returning from equipment to
be equal, and if this flow differs, the GFCI interrupts the current to prevent injuries.

Nuisance trips - are clearly defined as unwarranted circuit breaker trips with either no
electrically based reason for the trips, or, the breaker deems there to be a fault when one
does not exist.

Interrupter - a device that automatically breaks an electric circuit if a fault develops.

Inductive coupling or magnetically coupled - when they are configured such that a
change in current through one wire induces a voltage across the ends of the other wire
through electromagnetic induction.

Electric overload - occurs when too much current passes through electric wires. The
wires heat and can melt, with the risk of starting a fire.

Ground wire - The bare or yellow/green wire is called the ground wire. Like the neutral
wire, the ground wire is also connected to an earth ground. However, the neutral and
ground wires serve two distinct purposes.

Electrocution – is the injury or killing of someone by electric shock.

KEY POINTS

Excessive lengths of temporary wiring or long extension cords can cause ground fault
leakage current to flow by captive and inductive coupling. The combined leakage current
can exceed 5ma, causing the GFCI to trip.
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Ground faults occur when the hot wire or live wire comes into contact with the ground
wire or the grounded area of an appliance. Usually, GFCIs function by detecting when
the current is flowing along an unintended path.
The accumulation of moisture is another major cause of GFCI tripping. Outdoor
installations are the most vulnerable and rain is the most common culprit. However, due
to the tropical climate, high humidity can also cause moisture buildup and make it
harder for any water trapped in a receptacle box to evaporate.
Circuit overload occurs when more amperage flows through an electric wire or circuit
than it can handle. This may happen if you connect malfunctioning or defective
appliances. Loose, corroded wires or connections may also be to blame. Once the GFCI
outlet senses an overload, it trips or "breaks" the circuit.
If you've tried all else and the GFCI outlet reset doesn't solve the problem, that means
outlet itself is defective. GFCI have highly responsive internal circuitry to detect
whenever there's a flaw in the electric system. With time, the sensitive circuitry wears
out, rendering the outlet dysfunctional. In this case, the outlet will need repairing or
even replacing and should be done by a qualified electrician.

How to Install GFCI Outlets: Receptacle type

1. Turn Off Power at the Main Circuit

• Locate the circuit breaker or fuse that controls the outlet you plan to replace and
shut off the power to the circuit.
• Plug a lamp, radio or the GFCI tester into the outlet to test for power and make
sure it's off.

2. Remove the Old Outlet

Disconnect the wires by clipping them close to the

outlet.
Note: Make sure you know the difference between
line vs load GFCI, as shown in
the photo. Fig. 1
Fig. 1
3. Strip the Wires

Strip the insulation from the wires to expose the

amount of wire shown on the stripping gauge
located on the back of the GFCI plug receptacle.
Connect the hot and neutral wires that provide
power to the “line” terminals of the GFCI plug.
Fig. 2

Note: The terminal for the neutral wire

will be marked “white” or “neutral.”
Fig. 2
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

4. Connect Other Outlets

Remove the tape covering the “load” Terminals
and connect the wires leading to another outlet
or outlets to these terminals. Note: The white
neutral terminal will be marked. Fold the wires
back into the box and screw on
the GFCI receptacle and cover plate. Fig. 3

Fig. 3

5. Label the Outlets

Attach the “GFCI-protected outlet” label to

downstream outlets.
Test the downstream outlet by plugging in the
GFCI tester and pressing the test button.
Note: The lights on the tester should go out.
Press the reset button on the GFCI to reenergize
the outlet. Fig. 4 Fig. 4

Working Drawing
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

How to Install GFCI Breaker type:

1. Turn Off the Power

Open the service panel door and switch the main

breaker to the OFF position. Remove the panel
cover ("dead front cover") without touching any
wires inside the panel. Confirm that the power is off
inside the panel, using a non-contact voltage tester
to check several wires and circuit breakers. Check
both terminals on a double-pole breaker, making
sure that the breaker is switched on. The tester
should indicate zero voltage for all tests. Fig. 5
Fig. 5

2. Remove a Knockout Plate

Remove one of the knockout plates on the panel

cover, if necessary, to create an opening for the
new GFCI breaker, using pliers. Fig. 6

Fig. 6

3. Connect the GFCI Breaker

Switch the new GFCI breaker to the OFF position.

Connect the hot circuit wire to the "HOT" or "LOAD"
screw terminal on the GFCI breaker, using a
screwdriver. Connect the neutral circuit wire to the
"NEUTRAL" screw terminal on the GFCI breaker.
Connect the GFCI breaker's coiled white neutral wire
to the neutral bus bar on the service panel. You
must use an open screw terminal on the busbar; do
not connect more than one wire to a single terminal.
Make sure all of the wire connections are tight. Fig. 7
Fig. 7

4. Install the GFCI Breaker

Snap the GFCI breaker into the panel as directed by

the manufacturer. Most breakers have a notch or foot
on the outer end of the breaker that fits into a
mounting rail on the outer side of the breaker area in
the service panel. The inner end of the breaker snaps
into a tab or clip on the panel's hot bus bar. Fig. 8

Fig. 8
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

5. Test the Breaker

Reinstall the panel cover (and door, as applicable).

Turn off all of the branch circuit breakers. Also turn
off any appliances that are supplied by the circuit
with the new GFCI breaker. Switch the main breaker
to the ON position to restore power to the panel, then
turn on each of the branch breakers one at a time,
including the new GFGI breaker. Test the GFCI
breaker as directed by the manufacturer.
Close the panel door. Fig. 9 Fig. 9

Where You Need GFCI Protection

The National Electrical Code, or NEC, has specific GFCI requirements for dwelling
units. Article 210.8 states that ground-fault circuit-interrupters shall be used for all
125volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-amp receptacles installed in the following locations:

1. Bathrooms: All receptacles must be GFCI protected.

2. Garages and accessory buildings: GFCI protection must be included on all

receptacles in structures that have a floor located at or below grade level, not
intended as habitable rooms and limited to storage areas, work areas, and
areas of similar use.

3. Outdoors: All outdoor receptacles must be GFCI-protected, with one exception:

receptacles that are not readily accessible and are supplied by a dedicated
branch circuit for electric snow-melting or deicing equipment do not need to be
protected.

4. Unfinished basements: Unfinished basements are defined as portions or areas

of the basement not intended as habitable rooms and limited to storage areas,
work areas, etc. Receptacles in these areas must have GFCI protection.
Exceptions: GFCI protection is not required for the receptacles supplying only a
permanently installed fire alarm or burglar alarm system, receptacles that are
not readily accessible, or receptacles on a dedicated branch circuit and labeled
for use with plug-in equipment (ex: sump pump).

5. Crawl spaces: In unfinished areas located at or below grade level, the same
GFCI requirements are in effect as for basements.

6. Kitchens: All receptacles serving countertop areas and any receptacle within 6
feet of a sink must have GFCI protection. Also, the receptacle supplying a
dishwasher should be GFCI-protected.

7. Laundry, utility, and wet bar sinks: Where receptacles are placed within 6
feet of the outside edge of the sink, they require GFCI protection.
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

8. Pool/spa areas: GFCI protection is required for lights and lighting outlets;
receptacles for pumps; all receptacles within 20 feet of a pool, spa, or fountain;
and power supply for a pool cover.

TESTING THE GFCIs

All GFCIs should be tested once a month to make
sure they are working properly and are protecting
you from fatal shock. GFCIs should be tested after
installation to make sure they are working
properly and protecting the circuit.

To test the receptacle GFCI, first plug a nightlight

or lamp into the outlet. The light should be on
Then, press the "TEST" button on the GFCI. The
GFCI's "RESET" button should pop out, and the
light should go out.

If the "RESET" button pops out but the light does

not go out, the GFCI has been improperly wired.
Contact an electrician to correct the wiring errors.
If the "RESET" button does not pop out, the GFC1
is defective and should be replaced.

If the GFCI is functioning properly, and the lamp

goes out, press the "RESET" button to restore
power to the outlet.

GFCIs and safety ground

Despite the fact that a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) may be installed in a 2
wires circuit, the GFCI does not create a safety ground. In fact, shorting between the Hot
and Ground holes in the GFCI outlet will do absolutely nothing if the GFCI is not
connected to a grounded circuit. It will trip only if a fault occurs such that current flows
to a true ground. If the original circuit did not have a safety ground, the third hole is not
connected. What this means is that an appliance with a 3 prong plug can develop a
short between Hot and the (supposedly) grounded case but the GFCI will not trip until
someone touches the case and an earth ground (e.g., water pipe, ground from some
other circuit, etc.) at the same time.

Note that even though this is acceptable by the NEC. Your safety now depends on the
proper functioning of the GFCI which is considerably more complex and failure prone
than a simple fuse or circuit breaker. Therefore, if at all possible, provide a proper Code
compliant ground connection to all outlets feeding appliances with 3 wire plugs.
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Effects of Electric Current to the Human Body

How GFCI installation can enhance electrical safety?

When any electrical device is plugged into outlet, the GFCI compares the amount of
electricity flowing from receptacle to device and system’s neutral wire. If it detects any
difference between both current value it stops the flow of current.

1. Help prevent electrocution: It switches off the electricity whenever any

unwanted current flows through grounded item and prevents electric shock or
electrocution.

2. Help prevent electric fire: Whenever excess current flows through the wire GFCI
shuts off the current and thereby mitigates electric fire.

3. Stop electricity in damp environment: In wet conditions installation of GFCI is

very important as it stops current to flow in such places and hence prevent undesired
accidents.

How you can protect yourself?

All companies need to follow ground-fault protection rules and regulations that are
deemed necessary for safety and health. Therefore, it is imperative that you provide
either:
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

(i) GFCIs on the job sites for receptacle outlets in use and not as a part of the
permanent wiring of the building or
(ii) have a scheduled and recorded assured equipment grounding conductor program
on construction sites which covers all cord sets, receptacles which are not part of the
permanent wiring of the building or structure, and equipment connected by cord and
plug which are available for use.

You must provide the approved GFCIs for all 220-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere
receptacle outlets on construction sites that are not a part of the permanent wiring of
the building or structure. If there is any receptacle that is installed as a part of the
permanent wiring of the building, then you must provide GFCI protection.

Electrocution remains the fourth leading cause of work-related death for construction
workers, with one worker electrocuted on the job every day. Although OHS professionals
are not necessarily skilled electricians, describes scenarios in which equipment like
GFCIs are essential - for saving lives, GFCIs should be seen as just as important as
smoke detectors.
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Reference Materials:

https://www.hendersonengineers.com/insight_article/understanding-
gfcinuisances/

Richter, Herbert P. and Schwan, Creighton W. Practical Electrical Wiring:

16th Edition.

https://www.hendersonengineers.com/insight_article/understanding-
gfcinuisances/#:~:text=1.,currents%20may%20trip%20the%20GFCI.

https://filipinoengineer.com/wiki/PEC:Philippine_Electrical_Code_2009_Pa
rt_1/Chapter_2._Wiring_and_Protection/Article_2.10__Branch_Circuits#.28
a.29_Dwelling_Units.

https://www.pro-sapien.com/blog/electrical-safety/
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Quarter 2 – Week No. 2

Activity No. 1
Name: _____________________________________Gr & Sec.: _______________ Score: _____

Subject : Electrical Installation and Maintenance

Grade Level : 12
Subject Type : Specialized
Prepared by : Ruel M. Telin-T1-MNHS
Learning Competency: Install the wiring devices for floor and ground fault
current interrupter based on PEC standards
(TLE-IAE10WD-IIIa-IVj-2)
Objectives :1. Understand how to install GFCI receptacle type; and
2. Understand how to install GFCI breaker

Directions:
A. Understand the procedures on how to install GFCI receptacle type. Numbers 1-5 in
order on the space provided for.

____ a. Remove the old outlet.

____ b. Turn off power at the main circuit.

____ c. Label the outlet.

____ d. Strip the wires.

____ e. Connect the other outlets.

B. Understand the procedures on how to install GFCI breaker type. Numbers 1-5 in
order on the space provided for.

____ a. Test the breaker.

____ b. Connect the GFCI breaker.

____ c. Turn off the power.

____ d. Install the GFCI breaker.

____ e. Remove the knockout plate.

 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Quarter 2 – Week No. 2

Activity No. 2
Name: _____________________________________Gr & Sec.: _______________ Score: _____

Subject : Electrical Installation and Maintenance

Grade Level : 12
Subject Type : Specialized
Prepared by : Ruel M. Telin-T1-MNHS
Learning Competency: Install the wiring devices for floor and ground fault
current interrupter based on PEC standards
(TLE-IAE10WD-IIIa-IVj-2)
Objectives : Identify areas that required GFCI protection
A. Directions: True or False. Write TRUE if the statement is right, if not write
FALSE on the space before each number.

________ 1. All bathroom receptacles must be GFCI protected.

________ 2. GFCI protection must be included not intended as habitable rooms and
limited to storage areas, work areas, and areas of similar use.
________ 3. Not all outdoor receptacles must be GFCI-protected, with one
exception: receptacles that are not readily accessible and are supplied
by a dedicated branch circuit for electric snow-melting or deicing
equipment do not need to be protected.
________ 4. Unfinished basements are defined as portions or areas of the basement
not intended as habitable rooms and limited to storage areas, work
areas, etc. Receptacles in these areas must have GFCI protection.
________ 5. In unfinished areas located at or below grade level, the same
GFCI requirements are in effect as for basements.
________ 6. In kitchens all receptacles serving countertop areas and any receptacle
within 10 feet of a sink must have GFCI protection.
________ 7. Laundry, utility, and wet bar sinks where receptacles are placed within
6 feet of the outside edge of the sink, they require GFCI protection.
________ 8. Receptacles within 20 feet of a pool, spa, or fountain; and power
supply for a pool cover should have GFCI protection.
________ 9. GFCI protection is required for the receptacles supplying only a
permanently installed fire alarm or burglar alarm system.
________ 10. Receptacles that are not readily accessible, or receptacles on a
dedicated branch circuit and labeled for use with plug-in equipment
(ex: sump pump) shall not be protected with GFCI.
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Quarter 2 – Week No. 2

Activity No. 3
Name: _____________________________________Gr & Sec.: _______________ Score: _____

Subject : Electrical Installation and Maintenance

Grade Level : 12
Subject Type : Specialized
Prepared by : Ruel M. Telin-T1-MNHS
Learning Competency: Install the wiring devices for floor and ground fault
current interrupter based on PEC standards
(TLE-IAE10WD-IIIa-IVj-2)
Objectives : Perform test of the GFCIs
Directions: Answer the following questions briefly but precise on your answer
sheet.
1. How regular to test the GFCI? Why?

2. Is GFCI should be tested after installation? Why?

3. In testing the receptacle, what should you do first? Then, when lights on what
is to be pressed?

4. If the “Reset” button pops out but the light does not go out, what has been done
to GFCI? If “Reset” button does not pops out, what happen to GFCI?

5. What should you do if the GFCI is functioning properly and the lamp goes out?
 Bitanhuan National High School
Baybay City Division Baybay City, Leyte

Quarter 2 - Week No. 2

Activity No. 4

Name: _____________________________________Gr & Sec.: _______________ Score: _____

Subject : Electrical Installation and Maintenance
Grade Level : 12
Subject Type : Specialized
Prepared by : Ruel M. Telin-T1-MNHS
Learning Competency: Install the wiring devices for floor and ground fault
current interrupter based on PEC standards
(TLE-IAE10WD-IIIa-IVj-2)
Objectives : Observe safety procedure in installing GFCI

Directions: Answer the following questions briefly but precise on your

answer sheet.

1. What is the function of GFCI to prevent electrocution?

2. How do GFCI help prevent electric fire?

3. How do GFCI prevents or stops electricity in damp environment?

4. How can you protect yourself?

5. Does GFCI important? Why?