THERMODYNAMICS

TERMODINAMIKA
TERMODINAMICA

EXAM SOLUTION
June, 25th 2019
Theory
1. Solid: incompressible substance  v=constant
By definition:
𝜕𝑢
𝑐
𝜕𝑇
𝜕ℎ
𝑐
𝜕𝑇
In general terms, the internal energy of a substance is dependent on two independent
properties:
𝑢 𝑢 𝑇, 𝑣
However, for an incompressible substance, where the volume remains virtually
constant, internal energy only depends on the temperature:
𝑢 𝑢 𝑇
This way, the specific heat at constant volume for an incompressible substance:
𝑑𝑢
𝑐
𝑑𝑇
On the other hand, the definition of enthalpy must be taken into consideration:
ℎ 𝑢 𝑝𝑣
This way:
𝜕ℎ 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑃 𝜕𝑣 𝑑𝑢
𝒄𝒑 𝑣 𝑃 𝒄𝒗
𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑇 𝑑𝑇

 FALSE

2.
Since the temperature of the working fluid in the evaporation process, T, must be
below the system which provides heat, which works at T0:

Exergy transferred by means of heat = 1 ∙𝑄 0

Exergy variation of the working fluid mass:

𝑇 𝑑𝑉
∆𝐵 1 ∙𝑄 𝑊 𝑝 𝐵
𝑇 𝑑𝑡
Consequently:
∆𝑩𝒇 𝟎

 FALSE

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 THERMODYNAMICS
TERMODINAMIKA
TERMODINAMICA

3.
Thermal efficiency of the cycle:
𝑊
𝑚 𝑤 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞
𝜂 1
𝑄 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞
𝑚
Since the cycle is reversible:
𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝜎
∆𝑠 0
𝑇 𝑇 𝑇 𝑚

𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 𝑞 /2
𝑞 𝑇 ∙ 𝑇 ∙
𝑇 𝑇 𝑇 4𝑇 /5
Substituting this latter equation on that of the thermal efficiency, and taking into
consideration that T2 = 4T1/5, T3 = T1/2 and q2 = q1/2:
𝑞 1
𝑇 𝑞 2 1 2
∙ 4𝑇 ∙ 1 4
2 𝑇 2
𝜂 1 5 1 5 0.458
𝑞 1
𝑞 1
2 2
Finally, from the efficiency equation:

𝒒𝟑 𝑞 𝑞 ∙ 1 𝜂 = 𝑞 ∙ 1 𝜂 1.5 ∙ 𝑞 ∙ 1 0.458 𝟎. 𝟖𝟏𝟑 ∙ 𝒒𝟏

 TRUE

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