UNIT QN-NO 34421C13-ENGINEERING METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS Page.

No
When a set of readings of a measurement has a wide range, it indicates
a) high precision
1 1 b) high accuracy
c) low precision
d) low accuracy
The difference between the lower and higher values that an instrument is
able to measure is called
a) accuracy
1 2
b) sensitivity
c) range
d) error
When determining the uncertainty for a particular measurement device, the
common uncertainty factors that should be included are
a) errors in the measurement technique and method
1 3
b) random variability of the measurement pro cess
c) technician’s error
d) all of these
The aim of calibration is to
a) meet customer requirement
1 4 b) detect deterioration of accuracy
c) complywith ISO 9000 standard requirements
d) practise measurement procedures
Which of the following defines parallax error?
a) Same as observational error
b) Apparent shift of an object when the position of the observer is altered
1 5
c) Error caused by the distance between the scale and the measured feature
d) Mean of the values of measurements when the object is observed from the
right and from the left
The best way to eliminate parallax error is to
a) use a magnifying glass while taking mea surements
1 6 b) use a mirror behind the readout pointer or indicator
c) centre the scale along the measured feature
d) take consistent measurements from one side only
Which of the following errors is eliminated or minimized by zero setting
adjustment on a dial indicator?
a) Parallax error
1 7
b) Inherent error
c) Alignment error
d) Computational error
The best standard characteristic when calibrating an instrument for production
inspection is
a) ten times the accuracy
1 8 b) new and seldom used since calibration
c) permanently assigned to this particular instrument
d) using a standard similar in size, shape, and material, with part being
measured

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 Interpretation of repeated measurement results on the same feature is
considered the instrument’s
a) accuracy
1 9
b) precision
c) range
d) sensitivity
When a steel rule is used, which of the following is the source of
measurement uncertainty?
a) Inherent instrument error, temperature error, and manipulative error
1 10
b) Attachment error, manipulative error, and temperature error
c) Attachment error, bias, and inherent instrument error
d) Inherent instrument error, manipulative error, and observational error
Accuracy is defined as
a) a measure of how often an experimental value can be repeated
1 11 b) the closeness of a measured value to the real value
c) the number of significant figures used in a measurement
d) none of these
Conformity of a physical quantity to the national standard of measurement is
known as
a) calibration
1 12
b) sensitivity
c) traceability
d) repeatability
Systematic errors are
a) controllable errors
1 13 b) random errors
c) uncontrollable errors
d) none of these
The preferred instrument for measuring holes, grooves, and recesses is
a) plain scale
1 14 b) vernier calliper
c) slip gauge
d) depth gauge
Random errors can be assessed
a) experimentally
1 15 b) by performing sensitivity analysis
c) statistically
d) empirically
Reproducibility of the modern metre is of the order of
a) 1 part in 100 million
1 16 b) 3 parts in 1011
c) 3 parts in 109
d) 1 part in 1000 million
When a measurement is made between two flat parallel surfaces, it is called
a) line measurement
1 17 b) direct measurement
c) standard measurement
d) end measurement

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 A public institution for standardizing and verifying instruments, testing
materials, and determining physical constants is called
a) BPL
1 18
b) IPL
c) NPL
d) NMI
Subdivision of end standards is carried out using
a) Crook’s level comparator
1 19 b) Brookes level comparator
c) Johansson Mikrokator
d) Sigma electronic comparator
The vernier calliper has jaws on both sides for making measurements and the
jaws have knife edge faces for marking purpose.
a) Type A
1 20
b) Type B
c) Type C
d) Type D
When a body is subjected to transverse vibrations, the stress induced in a
body will be
a) shear stress
2 21
b) tensile stress
c) compressive stress
d) none of the mentioned
Piezo-electricity is ______________
a) sound electricity
2 22 b) pressure electricity
c) temperature electricity
d) photo electricity
Which of the following is not a piezo-electric material?
a) quartz
2 23 b) rochelle salt
c) aluminium
d) barium titanate
Linear encoders gives ___________ output.
a) angular
2 24 b) analog
c) digital
d) unstable
Which of the following is a displacement transducer?
a) Thermistor
2 25 b) LVDT
c) Strain gauge
d) Thermocouple
LVTD is a _______ transducer.
a) displacement
2 26 b) photoelectric
c) thermal
d) chemical

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 How many coils are required to make LVDT?
a) 4
2 27 b) 6
c) 3
d) 2
LVDT works on the principle of ________
a) variable resistance
2 28 b) variable inductance
c) variable capacitance
d) variable pressure
LVDT stands for _________
a) Linear Virtual Double Transformer
2 29 b) Linear Virtual Differential Transducer
c) Linear Variable Differential Transducer
d) Linear Variable Differential Transformer
On increasing the distance between the plates of a variable capacitor, the
displacement- capacitance characteristics changes _______
a) proportionally
2 30
b) linearly
c) exceptionally
d) hyperbolically
Why is a tuning fork gyro better than the vibrating cylinder type gyro?
a) Reduce base motion
2 31 b) Low power consumption
c) Easy to manufacture
d) Low run up time
What does silicon accelerometers use for proof mass sensing and for
rebalancing?
a) Pivot
2 32
b) Flexure
c) Metalised wafers
d) Single crystal silicon frame
Which of the following conditions cause rectification of vibration inputs?
a) Heating
2 33 b) Low voltage
c) High voltage
d) Low current
Which of the following is true with respect to flexure pivot accelerometers?
a) Flexure must provide maximum resistance in the direction of input axis
b) Flexure must provide maximum resistance in the direction other than input
2 34
axis
c) Torquer coil current measures the acceleration
d) Unbalanced accelerometer type
Why do accelerometers that include fluid damping exhibit reduced damping?
a) State of fluid
2 35 b) Density
c) Pressure
d) Thermal characters

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 Which accelerometer uses torquer coil and pick off supported by a flexure to
measure acceleration?
a) MEMS accelerometer
2 36
b) Flexure pivot accelerometer
c) Vibrating beam accelerometer
d) Mechanical accelerometer
What does the accelerometer measure?
a) Mass
2 37 b) Acceleration
c) Velocity
d) Distance
Accelerometer is the measurement of ________
a) Velocity/time
2 38 b) Energy/time
c) Height/time
d) Angle/time
Piezoelectric crystals produce _________
a) no voltage
2 39 b) low voltage
c) high voltage
d) very high voltage
Piezoelectric transducer is used for measuring __________
a) non-electrical quantities
2 40 b) electrical quantities
c) chemical quantities
d) any quantity
Temperature gives a measure of
a) internal energy of the system
3 41 b) external energy of the system
c) total energy of the system
d) no relationship with energy
The first thermometer was developed by
a) Rankine
3 42 b) Celsius
c) Kelvin
d) Galileo Galile
If two bodies that are at different temperatures are so positioned that they are
in contact with one another, then
a) heat will flow from the colder to the hotter body until they are at the same
temperature
3 43 b) heat will flow from the hotter to the colder body until they are at the same
temperature
c) heat will not flow
d) heat will continue to flow from the hotter to the colder body until you
move them apart
The measurable property that varies with temperature in a thermocouple is
a) expansion
3 44 b) thermal radiation
c) voltage
d) electrical resistance

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 Which of the following temperatures is correct?
a) F = 1.6C + 32
3 45 b) F = 1.8C + 32
c) F = 1.8C + 273
d) F = 1.8C + 212
When there is no heat exchange between two bodies that are at the same
temperature, they are said to be in
a) thermal equilibrium
3 46
b) energy equilibrium
c) heat equilibrium
d) electrical equilibrium
Iron–constantan is a
a) K-type thermocouple
3 47 b) J-type thermocouple
c) S-type thermocouple
d) R-type thermocouple
In _____________ velocity of fluid is constant on every point at a specific
time.
a) Steady flow
3 48
b) Rotational flow
c) Non steady flow
d) None of the mentioned
If all particle of fluid has a path parallel to the wall, it is known as
____________
a) Stream line flow
3 49
b) Laminar flow
c) Viscous flow
d) All of the mentioned
Gauge pressure is measured
a) above the local atmospheric pressure
3 50 b) below the local atmospheric pressure
c) above the zero absolute pressure
d) below the zero absolute pressure
Total absolute pressure is
a) greater than atmospheric pressure + gauge pressure
3 51 b) equal to atmospheric pressure + gauge pressure
c) greater than atmospheric pressure − absolute pressure
d) equal to atmospheric pressure − absolute pressure
Vacuum is given by
a) atmospheric pressure + gauge pressure
3 52 b) atmospheric pressure + absolute pressure
c) atmospheric pressure − gauge pressure
d) atmospheric pressure − absolute pressure
Knudsen gauge gives
a) gauge pressure
3 53 b) absolute pressure
c) atmospheric and gauge pressures
d) atmospheric pressure

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 Which is the cheapest device for measuring flow / discharge rate.
a) Venturimeter
3 54 b) Pitot tube
c) Orificemeter
d) None of the mentioned
Measurement of elevated temperatures is defined as ___________
a) Thermometry
3 55 b) Pyrometry
c) Metallography
d) Radiography
What is the most widely used method for metallurgical temperature
measurement?
a) Thermoelectric pyrometer
3 56
b) Optical pyrometer
c) Radiation pyrometer
d) Recording pyrometer
The cold junction in a thermoelectric pyrometer is maintained at ________
a) 12 F
3 57 b) 32 F
c) 55 F
d) 80 F
In which of the following categories be thin plate diaphragm included?
a) Primary transducer
3 58 b) Secondary transducer
c) Voltage measuring devices
d) Spring balance systems
Which of the following applications are suited for thin plate diaphragms?
a) Static pressure only
3 59 b) Dynamic pressure only
c) Both static and dynamic pressure with large frequency
d) Both static and dynamic pressure with small frequency
Which of the following quantities can be measured using bellows?
a) Absolute pressure
3 60 b) Gauge pressure
c) Differential pressure
d) All of the mentioned
Strain gauge rosettes are used when the direction of the
a) principal stress is unknown
4 61 b) hoop stress is known
c) principal stress is known
d) hoop stress is unknown
Dummy strain gauge are used for
a) bridge sensitivity enhancement
4 62 b) temperature compensation
c) determining gauge factor
d) calibration of strain gauges
Strain gauges cannot be used at high temperatures because of
a) inferior strain gauge materials
4 63 b) gauge not being properly welded
c) a problem with gauge factor
d) decomposition of cement and carrier materials

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 In a platform balance, the unknown weight is placed at
a) a specified position only
4 64 b) any position with certain conditions
c) any position without any condition
d) a corner only
Buoyancy effects are found in
(a) platform balance
4 65 (b) analytical balance
(c) electromagnetic-type balance
(d) pendulum-type balance
Which of the following balances is not appro priate for large weights?
a) Analytical balance
4 66 b) Platform balance
c) Electromagnetic-type balance
d) Pendulum-type balance
When an elastic member is used in conjunction with a strain gauge, it is
called a
a) proving ring
4 67
b) absorption dynamometer
c) Prony brake
d) load cell
Tape recordings are used in
a) servo-controlled dynamometers
4 68 b) torsion-bar dynamometer
c) Prony brake dynamometer
d) piezoelectric transducers
In servo-controlled dynamometers,
a) speed is controlled
4 69 b) torque is controlled
c) both speed and torque are controlled
d) strain is controlled
In a Prony brake dynamometer,
a) mechanical energy is converted into heat
4 70 b) mechanical energy is converted into electri cal energy
c) electrical energy is converted into torque
d) there is no need for energy conversion
In a p-type semiconductor gauge, as tensile strain increases
a) gauge resistance decreases
4 71 b) gauge resistance increases
c) gauge resistance increases and then decreases
d)Infinity
In torsion-bar dynamometers, deflection measurement is carried out by
a) mechanical methods
4 72 b) electrical methods
c) electronic methods
d) optical methods
In torsion-bar dynamometers, to read the deflection of the rotating shaft
a) hygroscopic effect is used
4 73 b) telescopic effect is used
c) stroboscopic effect is used
d) microscopic effect is use

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 Which of the following device can be used for force measurement?
a) Beams
4 74 b) Bellows
c) Capsule
d) Bourdon tube
Load cells are used for measuring _______________
a) Large weights only
4 75 b) Small weights only
c) Weights moving in high speed
d) Slowly moving weights
Which of the following can be measured using a Ring-type load cell?
a) Large weight
4 76 b) Small weight
c) Both large and small weights
d) None of the mentioned
Which of the following arrangements are used in load cells?
a) Tensile strain gauges
4 77 b) Compressive strain gauges
c) Both tensile and compressive strain gauges
d) None of the mentioned
Which of the following conversion is correct for load cell?
a) Force to strain
4 78 b) Force to displacement
c) Force to voltage
d) Both force to strain and force to displacement
Which of the following statement is true for force?
a) Force is a scalar quantity
4 79 b) Force is a vector quantity
c) Force is a dimensionless quantity
d) None of the mentioned
Electrical strain gauge works on the principle of __________
a) variation of resistance
4 80 b) variation of capacitance
c) variation of inductance
d) variation of area
The angle between the line of action and the common tangent to the pitch
circles is known as
a) flank angle
5 81
b) tooth angle
c) included angle
d) pressure angle
The path traced by a point on a circle that is rolling on a straight line without
slipping is
a) involute
5 82
b) cycloid
c) epicycloid
d) hypocycloid

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 The tooth profile of mating gears is kept uniformly thinned, which results in a
small play between mating tooth surfaces. This is called
a) backlash
5 83
b) pitch correction
c) lead correction
d) none of these
In order to measure the chordal thickness of a gear using a gear calliper, the
position of the blade is set to
a) the entire depth of the gear tooth
5 84
b) addendum of the gear tooth
c) dedendum of the gear tooth
d) top surface of the gear tooth
Which of the following is the tester in which the gear being inspected is made
to mesh with a standard gear and a dial indicator is used to capture the radial
errors?
5 85 a) Pitch-checking instrument
b) Johnson gear tester
c) Parkinson gear tester
d) McMillan gear tester
The angle formed between a flank of the thread and the perpendicular to the
axis of the thread, which passes through the vertex of the fundamental
triangle, is called
5 86 a) a helix angle
b) a flank angle
c) a lead angle
d) an included angle
The indicator that enables the application of a pressure already decided upon
on the screw thread in a bench micrometer is called
a) a fiducial indicator
5 87
b) a pressure indicator
c) a span indicator
d) none of these
The pitch error that occurs whenever the tool– work velocity ratio is incorrect
but constant is referred to as a
a) cyclic error
5 88
b) velocity error
c) progressive error
d) non-progressive error
Surface texture depends to a large extent on
a) material composition
5 89 b) type of manufacturing operation
c) skill of the operator
d) accuracy of measuremen
Peaks and valleys of surface irregularities are called
a) waves
5 90 b) manifolds
c) asperities
(d) perspectives

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 While roughness is referred to as a primary texture, _ is called a secondary
texture.
a) waviness
5 91
b) lay
c) error of form
d) error of geometry
The direction of the predominant surface pattern, ordinarily determined by the
production process used for manufacturing the component, is referred to as
a) lay
5 92
b) flaw
c) waviness
d) none of these
Irregularities that occur in isolation or infrequently because of specific causes
such as scratches, cracks, and blemishes are called
a) surface texture
5 93
b) lay
c) waviness
d) flaws
The direction of a lay is
a) the direction that the stylus trace is made
5 94 b) the direction of the asperities
c) perpendicular to the asperities
d) any selected straight line taken as reference
A----------------- provides a quick-fix means of conducting an initial
investigation before attempting a major investigation of surface quality.
a) Tomlinson surface meter
5 95
b) Taylor–Hobson talysur
c) light interference microscope
d) profilometer
The average height from a mean line of all ordinates of the surface, regardless
of sign, is the
a) RMS value
5 96
b) Ra value
c) Rz value
d) Rm value
Which of the following is the best analogy for the trace of a stylus
instrument?
a) A topographical map
5 97
b) A rolling ball
c) A pin-ball machine
d) A phonograph
What characteristics of asperities are quantified by the stylus instruments?
a) Peakedness
5 98 b) Percentages
c) Heights
d) Volumes

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 The frequency of the stylus movement as it rises up and down the workpiece
surface is determined by
a) the traversing speed
5 99
b) the length of stylus
c) the curvature of skid
d) all of these
The involute profile of a spur gear is limited to only the
a) root circle
5 100 b) base circle
c) pitch circle
d) addendum circle
Unit -1
1 2 Give a sketch of a snap gauge and explain

1 3 Illustrate with a neat sketch, explain the working principle of Vernier Caliper.

Illustrate with a neat sketch, and explain the working principle of the Bevel
1 4
Protractor.
Demonstrate the working principle of the Pneumatic comparator with a
1 5
schematic diagram.
Explain with a neat sketch the working principle of the optical bevel
1 6
protractor.
What are the possible sources of errors in measurements? Briefly explain
1 7
them.

1 8 Explain with a neat sketch double-ended plug gauge.

1 9 Distinguish between primary, secondary, tertiary, and working standards.

1 10 Explain the working principle of Angle Decker with a neat sketch

Unit -2
What is the importance of speed measurement? Explain with neat sketch the
2 11
working of the hand speed indicator.

2 12 Explain with a neat sketch the working of the piezo-electric accelerometer.

2 13 Draw a neat sketch and explain in detail about the electrical tachometer.

2 14 Illustrate with a neat sketch, the working principle of Seismic instruments.

2 15 Explain the working principle of measuring vibration using a Vibrometer.

Explain with a neat sketch the working of the drag cup tachometer. Give its
2 16
applications, and advantages.

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2 17 Explain about D.C.Tachometer generator.

2 18 Explain briefly any one type of Mechanical tachometer.

2 19 Explain any one type of Noncontact type tachometer.

Explain with a neat sketch the working of a reed-type Vibrometer. Give its
2 20
applications, advantages, and limitations.

Unit -3
Draw the diagram of Single column manometer and explain its working
3 21
principle.
Illustrate the working principle of the Bourdon tube pressure gauge with a
3 22
neat sketch.

3 23 Draw the diagram of the Venturimeter and explain its working principle.

Explain with a neat sketch the working principle of the Laser Doppler
3 24
anemometer (LDA).
Interpret temperature measurement using Bi metallic thermometer with a neat
3 25
sketch.

3 26 Define temperature. How is it different from heat?

3 27 List the different applications of a total radiation pyrometer.

3 28 Evaluate the use of Hotwire anemometer and explain its working principle.

3 29 Illustrate a short note on thermopiles.

3 30 Explain four basic scales employed in pressure measurement.

Unit -4
Explain with a neat sketch and the working principle of the Hydraulic load
4 31
cell.
Draw the diagram of the Mechanical torsion meter and explain its working
4 32
principle.

4 33 Illustrate with a neat sketch, the working of the Rope brake dynamometer.

4 34 Explain the working of a proving ring with a neat sketch.

Explain with a neat sketch and the working principle of the Belt transmission
4 35
dynamometer.

4 36 Explain a platform balance with a neat diagram.

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4 37 Discuss a servo-controlled dynamometer with a neat schematic diagram.

4 38 Explain in details on strain gauge materials.

4 39 What are Mechanical strain gauges? Explain its advantages and limitations.
Explain with a neat sketch and the working principle of the Electrical torsion
4 40
meter.

Unit -5

5 41 Analyse the methods of measuring the Major and Minor diameters of thread.

Explain with a neat sketch the working of the Talysurf instrument for surface
5 42
finish measurement.

5 43 Explain the method of Roundness measurement with a neat diagram.

5 44 Explain the optical system and working principle of a profile projector.

Illustrate the working principle of the Floating carriage micrometer with a

5 45
neat sketch.

5 46 Explain the working principle of a laser interferometer.

5 47 Explain the vernier gear tooth caliper with a neat sketch.

5 48 With the help of a sketch, discuss screw thread terminologies.

5 49 Explain with a neat sketch about gear tooth terminologies.

Briefly describe the procedure involved in checking slip gauges using optical
5 50
flats. What are the limitations of this method?

Unit -1

1 1 Explain in detail the structure of a generalized measuring system.

1 2 Explain the phenomenon involved in the ‘wringing’ of slip gauges.

Explain the procedure of calibrating the instruments and discuss primary and
1 3
secondary calibration.
Explain the working principle and explain the construction of an Auto
1 4
collimator with a neat sketch.

1 5 Explain in detail with neat sketch the use of Sine bar.

1 6 List out the classification of comparators. Explain in detail.

Unit -2

Page 14 of 16
 Explain with a neat sketch, the working principle of the Photoelectric
2 7
tachometer.

2 8 Explain in detail the Laws of Thermocouples.

Explain with a neat sketch, the working principle of the Capacitive

2 9
tachometer.
Explain with a neat sketch the working of vibration measurement using a
2 10
stroboscope.
Explain with a neat diagram of LVDT and explain how displacement can be
2 11
measured.
Explain with a neat sketch the working of moving magnet type and moving
2 12
coil type velocity transducer.

Unit -3

3 13 Explain with a sketch the working principle of the Rotameter.

3 14 Explain the construction and working principle of Ionization pressure gauge.

3 15 Explain with a neat sketch the Thermoelectric pyrometer.

3 16 State and explain the different laws of thermocouples.

3 17 Explain the working principle of Mc leod pressure gauge with a neat sketch.

Explain the construction and working of an optical pyrometer with the help of
3 18
a schematic diagram.

Unit -4

4 19 Critically examine the Gravity balance method of Torque measurement.

4 20 Explain with a neat sketch the working principle of the D.C dynamometer.

4 21 Explain the working principle of Mechanical strain gauges and its limitation.

Formulate the method of Torque measurement using an Electrical torsion

4 22
meter.
Explain with a neat diagram explain the working of Eddy’s current
4 23
dynamometer.

4 24 Explain the three types of bonded strain gauges with a neat sketch.

Unit -5
Explain and compare the Constant chord and Base tangent method with a neat
5 25
sketch.

5 26 Explain the working principle of Tool Makers microscope with a neat sketch.

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 With the help of a neat sketch, explain the working principle of the
5 27
Tomlinson surface meter.

5 28 Explain i) RMS method, ii) Peak to valley height method

5 29 Compare the methods used for measuring the radius of a surface.

5 30 Explain with a neat sketch Parkinson gear tester.

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