AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON EDUCATION QUALIFICATION, INCOME LEVEL AND

ATTITUDE TOWARDS BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS OF LGBT INDIVIDUALS

SUBJECT
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

AUTHOR DETAILS:
SINDHUJA K
REGISTER NO: PE19019
DR. AMBEDKAR GOVERNMENT LAW COLLEGE, PATTARIPERUMBDUR
MAIL ID: sindhulaw2507@gmail.com
PHONE NUMBER: 9003220458

SUBMITTED TO:
Mrs. ISHAN MEERA E
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR,
DR. AMBEDKAR GOVERNMENT LAW COLLEGE, PATTARIPERUMBDUR
 A STUDY ON EDUCATION QUALIFICATION, INCOME LEVEL AND ATTITUDE
TOWARDS BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS OF LGBT INDIVIDUALS

Sindhuja K1
ABSTRACT.

Lesbian, Gay, Bi-sexual and Transgender (LGBT) Individuals are important community in
our society. The human rights of LGBT individuals are more often scorned, if not deprived and
oppressions are still exists in the world. The paper explores the basic human rights of the LGBT
Individuals and consist of a set of rights but exercises of those rights are depends on the
jurisdiction of the state subjected to. The discrimination of LGBT individuals is one of the most
ancient debated issues and it not only denies equal access to social goods, such as education,
privacy, employment, health care, education and housing, but it also marginalizes and makes
them one of the vulnerable groups who are risk of becoming socially excluded . The study
investigated the attitude of the respondents towards the acceptance of LGBT Individuals and
empirical approach is adopted for the study. Review of literature revealed the research problem
and the research design adopted for this study was descriptive design. The core focus on the non-
discrimination, specifically regarding the right to education, privacy and freedom of movement.
The main body of the research is based on the analysis of human rights of LGBT Individuals
which deals with review of the literature, demographic statistics and law reforms so that we may
find the object of the study. Results from the statistical analysis reveals the attitude of the
respondents towards the acceptance and support of the protection of basic human rights of
LGBT Individuals which conclude that though the rights of LGBT are discriminated in our
society but criminalization of such individuals are violation of human rights. The final section
pulls the findings together and recommend future directions for research.

KEYWORDS: Human Rights, Non-discrimination, LGBT Individuals, Right to Privacy,

Education and Legal.

1 Student, 1st year M.L., Dr. AMBEDKAR GOVERNMENT LAW COLLEGE, PATTARIPERUMBDUR.
INTRODUCTION

Lesbian, gay, Bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) Individuals confront discrimination due to
their sex personality and sexual orientation. The participation of LGBT individuals in a society
with equal opportunity and dignity is an important aspect of Human rights issue, and one that has
been increasingly recognized by international bodies and national governments in all parts of the
world. The recognition of such human rights for LGBT people is on the perspective of both high-
income and low-income countries alike. At the same time, that the challenges faced by the
LGBT Individuals are gaining visibility in the human rights sphere, they are also capturing the
attention of other key social, cultural, civil and political rights. (Shahani 2008)
The origin of legal rights like laws against discrimination or the decriminalization of LGBT
Individuals acts does not ipso facto mean that recognition of Human Rights are realized for all
LGBT Individuals. Laws captive only one aspects of building the lives of LGBT Individuals.
The implication of measures of legal rights in this research mainly observe a inadequacy of
information on the lived experiences of LGBT Individuals that are accessible across or even
within these countries. Nonetheless, the aligned of legal rights related to LGBT Individuals is
proactively related to attitudes about the respondents for the acceptance LGBT Individuals
studied, suggesting that infringement of human rights reflects and degree of discrimination
experienced by LGBT people. (Worthen 2012). The connection between LGBT rights and
financial advancement explicitly inside rising economies and low-pay nations. (Sperti 2017). The
discrimination suffered by the LGBT Individuals are human rights infringement.(Anna Jonsson
and Jonsson 2016)
LGBT has become a widely conceded cognomen for minorities based on sexual and gender
orientation. Bring forth sexual minorities under one umbrella to fight against the harassments and
human rights violations. LGBT, as a social minority community, are undergoing various forms
of socio-economic and cultural injustice. Still, there is no proper prevalence on understanding the
LGBT men and women or their lives. The LGBT community has still been largely hidden not
only due to disinterestedness by a dominant patriarchal society but also of agonize of harassment
and stigma. (Setlur and Setlur 2017)
Human rights and equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individual’s
measure usually thought-about through a social, cultural, or moral lens, however equality and
inclusion of LGBT people are also are economic development problems. (Ball 2017) The wide-
ranging of LGBT Individuals has raising the social perspectives of the world towards them. This
study could not only boon to the researchers but also for the whole society. It may revamp their
perspectives, insight, and certitudes in the Individuals. The researchers nowadays seen a lot of
alteration towards the LGBT Individuals. On how they interfaces and shape their self in the
society to accept them. The aim of study to find out how income level, education qualification is
associated with attitude of the respondents towards basic human rights of LGBT Individuals and
how does it affect these people.
The primary objective to study the attitude of the respondents towards LGBT individuals based
on Educational qualification and Income level. The secondary objective is to understand the laws
pertaining the rights of LGBT individuals and recommend some measures to ensure that the
rights of LGBT Individuals are protected.

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
(Burston, Nfa, and Richardson 2005) In 2013, study of LGBT of European Unit found there
are numerous impediments in the enjoyment of fundamental and human rights of LGBT's, the
reasons is discrimination they face in various are like for that is separation they look in different
territories like Education, life, Employment. Likewise ordinarily these people groups got misled
in Public places.
(Ramaswamy and Banerjee 2007; Feldblum et al. 2005) In their article the sexual orientation
is a necessary attribute of privacy. Discrimination against a private on the idea of sexual
orientation is deeply offensive to the dignity and self-worth of the individual."
(Mukherjee 2000) In 172nd report of law commission the committee suggested the cancellation
of Section 377 of IPC and argued that it is harmful to general well-being because of direct effect
on the life of LGBT and the offence of criminal nature. Additionally they cited that in the event
that we will boycott such kind of connection it results the homophobia in LGBT’ s which will
create the illicit method for same sex exercises in privacy.
(Bourne and Derry 2018) Right to privacy with right to life and freedom ensured to the citizens
of India additionally citizen right to protect the security of his own, family, marriage,
reproduction, parenthood, youngster bearing and education among other matters.
(Gupta and Human Rights Watch (Organization) 2008) opines that Section 377 of IPC is a
greatest offense to the respect of humanity and a considerable minority to Indian Citizens. The
Court by this Section 377 pronounced that it isn't decriminalizing the demonstration of
homosexuality yet it is condemning the lives of genuine individuals who are associated.
(Rao and Jacob 2012) In their present study, the Homosexuality in India expressed that there is
a need to take a reasonable remain on LGBT issue by the administration of India to change their
judgment in regards to such minorities’ conditions in India. Facility administrations must be
given to them the educating of sexuality. Additionally there is a need to get mindfulness of the
general public and the mental with respect to the issue of LGBT to give them the chance and
certainty to live in the middle of them. There is a need to instruct the general public about the
human rights and change their attitude towards a similar sex individuals.
(Noonan and Taylor Gomez 2010) Indian constitution provides basic human and fundamental
rights to its citizen that embrace right to life, equality, education, privacy, freedom of movement,
nondiscrimination etc. However the rights of LGBT’s particularly human rights are profaned in
India because of criminalizing same sex relationship.
(Kocet and Curry 2011; Farley 2011) The Paper demonstrates that high-income countries are
more probable than either low-income or middle income countries to have decriminalized LGBT
acts, to have precluded sexual introduction and additionally sex personality discrimination, and
to have lawfully perceived a portion of the privileges of same-sex couples. Given both the
potential for quick change in rights and income level for low and middle income economies, this
investigation gives another point of view to distinguish the connection between LGBT rights and
income level.
(McAllister and Noonan 2015) Education assumes a key job, and numerous investigations infer
that imbalance in women’s education is related economic growth. This finding intently parallels
the contention made about avoidance in educational settings for LGBT individuals, where LGBT
individuals who are victimized in school settings or urged to drop out have less human capital to
add the economic growth.
(K. Bryant Smalley, Ph.D., Psy.D., Warren, and K. Nikki Barefoot 2017) In their study, the
right to life and personal liberty includes right to privacy. The Constitution of India doesn't
directly give the right to privacy as a basic human rights however it's been emphatic time to time
by the Supreme Court in some cases so it's thought-about as fundamentals rights in accordance
with Article 12. (Institute of Medicine, Board on the Health of Select Populations, and
Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Issues and Research Gaps and
Opportunities 2011)

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Empirical approach is adopted for the study. Empirical research is based on observed and
measured phenomena and hence provides the scientific framework for research. Review of
literature revealed the research problem and the research design adopted for this study was
descriptive design. Descriptive research studies are those studies which are concerned with
describing the characteristics of a particular individual, or of a group. Specific research
objectives were defined and hypotheses were formulated. Data collection included both primary
and secondary resources. Sampling technique used was convenience sampling method which is
part of non-probability sampling. The sample size is .......... Primary data was collected using
questionnaires and published information from journals, reports and newsletters were the
secondary sources. The analysis was done by using SPSS 21 version. The analysis was carried
out for demographic statistics such as gender, age, educational qualification, employment status,
income levels and religion and hypothesis testing was done using cross tabulation.

 ANALYSIS
o Demographic Statistics

 HYPOTHESIS

H1: There is significant association between educational qualification and agreement

towards basic right to education of LGBT individuals
H0: There is no significant association between educational qualification and agreement
towards basic right to education of LGBT individuals.
H1: There is significant association between income levels and agreement towards basic

right to privacy of LGBT individuals.

H0: There is no significant association between educational qualification and agreement

towards right to privacy of LGBT individuals.
  DISCUSSION
 RECOMMENDATIONS
 CONCLUSION
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