Disaster Preparedness Manual For Localized Weather Disturbances

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DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

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L!STO DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
FOR LOCALIZED WEATHER
DISTURBANCES
(LWD)
in partnership with

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© Local Government Academy - DILG and Ateneo de Zamboanga University
Published by:
Ateneo de Zamboanga University
Ateneo Center for Environment and Sustainability
La Purisima, St.
Zamboanga City
7000 Philippines
Tel. no (065)9910871 local 1300
Email: rodriguezmars@adzu.edu.ph
This research project is supported by the Department of Interior and Local Government- Local Government Academy (DILG-LGA) and to be cited as:
Center for Environment and Sustainability of Ateneo de Zamboanga University.
The information on this Manual may be copied and distributed for research and educational purposes with proper acknowledgement of the source. While every care is taken to
ensure the accuracy of this publication, the Ateneo de Zamboanga University disclaims all responsibility and all liability (including without limitation, liability in negligence) and
costs which might incur as a result of the materials in this publication being inaccurate or incomplete in any way and for any reason.
For questions/queries regarding this report, contact:

Prof. Mario S. Rodriguez
Project Leader
ALeRTO-LGA Disaster Preparedness Manual for Localized Weather Disturbances
Ateneo de Zamboanga University
Zamboanga City, Philippines 7000
E-mail: rodriguezmars@adzu.edu.ph
Thelma T. Vecina
Executive Director
Local Governance Training and Development Division (LGTDD)
Local Government Academy – DILG
Ortigas Jr. Rd., Ortigas Center
Pasig City, Philippines 1605
E-mail: lgamail@lga.gov.ph
National Library of the Philippines

ISBN: 978-971-92800-4-0

I TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................................................... iv
MESSAGE DILG SECRETARY ............................................................................................. v
MESSAGE DILG UNDER SECRETARY ............................................................................... vi
MESSAGE LGA EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR ........................................................................... vii
MESSAGE ADZU PRESIDENT ............................................................................................. viii
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................... ix
OPERATIONAL TERMS ........................................................................................................... xi
OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 1
PART I: ADDRESSING LOCAL WEATHER DISTURBANCES ................................................. 5
Understanding Localized Weather Disturbances ............................................................... 6
Understanding Flood Hazard Maps ................................................................................... 7
The ALeRTO Early Warning System .................................................................................. 9
Rainfall Threshold ....................................................................................................... 10
Water Level Threshold ................................................................................................ 10
Response Mechanism ................................................................................................ 12
PART II: CHECKLIST OF EARLY DISASTER PREPAREDNESS REQUIREMENTS.............. 13
Roles and Functions of the Province .................................................................................. 15
Roles and Functions of the Municipality/City ...................................................................... 18
Roles and Functions of Barangay ...................................................................................... 22

TABLE OF CONTENTS II
PART III: LOCAL ACTION PLAN .............................................................................................. 27

Quick Guide on How the Local Action Plan is Activated ..................................................... 28
Developing Local Action Plan ............................................................................................ 29
A. Early Preparedness Requirements ......................................................................... 33
B. Alert Level ............................................................................................................... 35
C. Warning Threshold .................................................................................................. 37
D. General Action Areas .............................................................................................. 39
E. Critical Areas .......................................................................................................... 41
F. Responses to Alert Warning ................................................................................... 43
REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 45
ANNEXES ................................................................................................................................. 47
Annex I. Local Action Plan (LAP) of the Province ....................................................... 49
Annex II. Local Action Plan (LAP) of the City/Municipality .......................................... 57
Annex III. Local Action Plan (LAP) of the Barangay .................................................... 63

III LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
Figure 1. Three (3) Core Principles ................................................................................................ 2

Figure 2. Detailed Flood Hazard Map of Tuguegarao, Cagayan, Philippines ................................. 7
Figure 3. Flowchart of the ALeRTO Early Warning System ........................................................... 9
Figure 4. PAGASA Rainfall Warning .............................................................................................. 10
Figure 5. Water Level Warning System ........................................................................................ 11
Figure 6. Sample Water Level Threshold Cross Section ................................................................ 11
Figure 7. Flow Chart of the Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Province ............ 17
Figure 8. Flow Chart of the Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Municipality/City 21
Figure 9. Flow Chart of the Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Barangay ........... 25
Figure 10. Quick Guide on How the Local Action Plan is activated ............................................... 28
Figure 11. Parts of the Local Action Plan ....................................................................................... 31
Figure 13. Alert Level ..................................................................................................................... 35

Figure 14. Warning Threshold ........................................................................................................ 37
Figure 15. General Action Areas .................................................................................................... 39
Figure 16. Critical Areas ................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 17. Responses to Alert Warning .......................................................................................... 43
Table 3. Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Municipality/City .............................. 18

Table 4. Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Barangay ......................................... 22

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IV

V MESSAGE DILG SECRETARY

MESSAGE DILG UNDER SECRETARY VI

VII MESSAGE LGA EXECUTIVE DIRECTORY

MESSAGE ADZU PRESIDENT VIII
Due to our geographical location, it could not be denied that the Philippines is one of the coun-
According to PAGASA, phenomena such as tropical cyclones, thunderstorms, the ITCZs gener-
nationwide. The signing of RA 10121, or the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of the
Philippines in 2010 empowered the local government units to initiate actions towards managing
local disasters. This was further strengthened with the issuance of the OPLAN L!STO: Disaster
Preparedness Manual for Tropical Storm.
To expand the coverage of these endeavors, furthering the disaster preparedness of the country,
the DILG, as the main proponent of the OPLAN L!STO tapped the potential of the ALeRTO Early
Warning System and Local Action Plan pioneered and innovated by the Ateneo de Zamboanga
University.
This multipartite partnership paves the way for the local government to streamline its prepared-
other local weather disruptions.
The integration of ALeRTO Early Warning System- Local Action Plan to the OPLAN L!STO gave
birth to the OPLAN L!STO: Disaster Preparedness Manual for Localized Weather Disturbances.
This manual is a groundbreaking approach in promoting co-ownership of disaster management
among all the units of the local government.
The manual provides a platform to empower the Barangay level to actively respond to initiate
the architect of the disaster management plans; and also the Provincial Level, who monitors and
oversees the disaster management initiatives.
The manual envisions the proper coordination and convergence of actions among these local FR. KAREL S. SAN JUAN, SJ
governments during an onslaught of a hazard, to better prepare the community. President
With this, I would like to extend my sincerest gratitude to the DILG- Local Government Academy
and DILG- CODIX, for trusting Ateneo de Zamboanga University for a task as crucial as this. I Atende de Zamboanga University
would also like to extend my gratitude to the team members who generously gave their most

IX ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AdZU Ateneo de Zamboanga University DRRM Disaster Risk Reduction and

ALeRTO Automated Water-level and Rain Management
Monitoring using Near-Real Time e-balde Emergency Balde
Observation EOC Emergency Operation Center
ARG Automated Rain Gauges EPA Early Preparedness Action
AWLS Automated Water Level Sensors EDPR Checklist of Early Disaster
BDRRMC Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction Preparedness Requirements
and Management Council EWS Early Warning System
BDRRMO Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction GeoSAFER Mindanao Geo-Informatics for the Systematic
BERT Barangay Emergency Response Risks for a Resilient Mindanao

Teams GPS Global Positioning System
BLGU Barangay LGU ICS Incident Command System
BFP Bureau of Fire Protection IEC Information and Education
CODIX Campaign
Coordinating Center ITCZ Intertropical Convergence Zone
DENR Department of Environment and LAP Local Action Plan
Natural Resources
LDRRMC Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
DILG Department of the Interior and Local Management Council
Government
LDRRMO Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
DOC Disaster Operation Center
DOST Department of Science and LGA Local Government Academy
Technology
LGU Local Government Unit
DOST-ASTI DOST-Advanced Science and
Technology Institute LPA Low Pressure Area
DREAM Disaster Risk Exposure and
Assessment for Mitigation

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS X
LWD Localized Weather Disturbance

M/CDRRMC Municipal /City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
M/CDRRMO
MGB Mines and Geosciences Bureau
MHO
MOA Memorandum of Agreement
MOU Memorandum of Understanding
MOV
MSWDO
NGAMP National Geohazard Assessment and Mapping Program
OCD
PAGASA Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
PDANA Post Disaster Assessment and Needs Analysis
PDRRMC Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
PDRRMO
Phil LiDAR 1 Hazard Mapping of the Philippines using Light Detection and
Ranging Technology
PNP Philippine National Police
RDANA Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis
SB Sangguniang Bayan
SITREP Situation Report
SMS Short Message Service
UP University of the Philippines
WLMS Water Level Monitoring Station

XII OPERATIONAL TERMS
ALERT Level Color-coded warning codes Habagat Southwest Monsoon. Warm moist
that are based on rainfall and winds from the southwest causing
water level thresholds, indicates rains over the western portion of
the preparedness level that the the country from May to September
government unit will be activating
Heavy Rains When the rate of rainfall is
ALeRTO Orange Warning Flooding is threatening, equivalent greater than 7.5mm per hour, the
to 15 to 30 millimeter of rain or 80% sky is overcast and there is
water level threshold of the river continuous precipitation.
ALeRTO Red Warning ITCZ (Intertropical Where the winds of the Northern
lying areas, equivalent to more than Convergence Zone) Hemisphere and Southern
30 millimeter of rain or 100% water Hemisphere converge causing a
level threshold of the river series of inclement weather such
as LPAs and hurricanes
ALeRTO Yellow Warning Flooding is possible, equivalent to
7.5 to 15 millimeter of rain or 60% Localized Weather Any type of hydrometeorological
water level threshold of the river Disturbances weather system such as Low
Pressure Area (LPA), Intertropical
Amihan Northeast Monsoon. Cold winds
Convergence Zone (ITCZ),
from the northeast that brings rains
Southwest (Habagat) and
over the eastern side of the country.
Northeast (Amihan) monsons
Cold Front The forward edge of an advancing excluding tropical cyclones that
cold air mass which is displacing brings heavy rainfall posing threat
warmer air in its path.
locality.
Critical Areas Areas in the province or municipality
Monsoon Rains Heavy and/or continuous rains
given warning threshold associated with the Southwest or
Northeast Monsoon
Critical Period Upon receipt of SMS from ALeRTO
with color coded alert warning and Critical Responses A list of minimum actions to be
the required responses from the conducted by the local government
LGU. during the critical period. The
LGUs are encouraged to input
Early Preparedness Contains the minimum early their current practices in this part.
Requirements (EPR) preparedness actions of each local
government unit. Warning Threshold Trigger factor, or basis for the
activation of the ALERT Level
General Action Area The level of actions conducted based on PAGASA rainfall data
by the local government divided thresholds and water level
into three (3): Prepare, Response, thresholds
and Monitor

OVERVIEW 1
The occurrence of hydrometeorological events such

as tropical cyclones, thunderstorms, low pressure occurrences generate negative impacts to communities.
area, and monsoons is typical in the Philippines due
to its geographical location. According to the Philippine lives. Thus, it was deemed essential to be managed
Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA), an average of twenty (20)
tropical cyclones enter or form in the Philippine Area With this premise, the L!STO Preparedness Manual
of Responsibility (PAR) annually, and eight (8) or nine for Localized Weather Disturbances was initiated and
(9) of them make landfall. Heavy rain brought by these developed with the main purpose of capacitating and
hazards has become a perennial and a major problem in enabling the LGUs in managing localized weather
disturbances that are not categorized as tropical
economic activities, and human lives.
of the existing L!STO Protocols intended for Governors
As a result, L!STO, a national advocacy program for and Mayors. This newly created L!STO Manual for
disaster preparedness and resiliency was formulated by
the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
in 2014. The L!STO Disaster Preparedness Manual for responders” during the occurrences of LWDs and threats
Tropical Storms provides the local government units
needed to be undertaken, before, during, and after a In recognition of the need to capacitate these LGUs
disaster. This manual is activated once a tropical cyclone to respond to LWDs, in 2020, the Local Government
advisory is released by PAGASA. Through the L!STO
manual, the LGUs are readily equipped and prepared Coordinating Center (CODIX) of the DILG entered into a
multipartite agreement with the Department of Science
cyclone.
IX, and the Ateneo de Zamboanga University (AdZU), to
However, LWDs could take in the form of monsoons, develop a disaster preparedness manual for localized
and other weather phenomena like thunderstorms, weather disturbances utilizing the innovation, such as
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)), and frontal the Automated Water-Level and Rain Monitoring using
passages that could also bring intense and excessive

2 OVERVIEW
Near Real Time Observation (ALeRTO) Early Warning During the data gathering for manual development,
System (EWS).
especially those from the municipalities and barangays
ALeRTO EWS has been pivotal in monitoring the local acknowledged that an early warning system (EWS)
weather disturbances in the Zamboanga Peninsula was deemed essential and necessary in addressing the
Region. It is currently being operated in the Region occurrences of localized weather disturbances and its
to send early warning information to the LGUs from
the municipal/city level down to the barangay. A to prepare, monitor, and address or mitigate the possible
comprehensive system, its sensor-based technology is impacts of hydrometeorological hazards even before its
tied up to the Local Action Plan (LAP), a guide to the encounter.
disaster preparedness activities formulated through the
The inclusion of the checklist on the Early Preparedness
and the LGUs. Requirements (EPR) also allows the locality to better
facilitate the necessary actions prior to the critical period.
The manual revolves around three (3) core principles: The EPR was adapted from the early preparedness
initiatives of the L!STO Manual o Disaster Preparedness
contribute to the empowerment of the local government

The manual revolves around three (3) core principles:
in disaster preparedness for a local weather disturbance.
The comprehensive Local Action Plan (LAP) that

indicates the critical actions to be conducted by the
government units shall be activated thru the alert warning
integrated in the early warning system. The LAP is ideally
a convergence of initiatives from the provinces, cities,
and systematic actions during a critical period.
Figure 1. Three (3) Core Principles The consultative approach adopted during the process

OVERVIEW 3
government units to strategically manage the impact The manual comprises local action plans (LAP)
that are activated upon the receipt of sensor-based
of the LAP aids in nurturing partnership, initiative or
ingenuity, and resourcefulness, between and among to local government units with hydrometeorological
these government bodies, which would help strengthen sensors such as automated rain gauges and waterlevel
coordination and cooperation in times of emergencies sensors. Hence, it is expected that the DILG, together
and threats, such as those brought about by LWDs. with LGA and ADZU, will continue on updating this
manual for improvement.
Following the three core principles, the L!STO Manual
for Disaster Preparedness for Localized Weather
Disturbances contains three (3) parts:
Part I - Addressing Local Weather Disturbances-

this part contains a brief discussion on understanding
local weather disturbances, as well as the current
technologies used to monitor local hazards.
Part II - The Checklist of Early Disaster

Preparedness Requirements – this part contains
the minimum early preparedness actions each
local government (Province, City/Municipality, and
Barangay) must undertake prior to critical period.
Part III - The Local Action Plan- this part contains

the minimum progressive actions to be undertaken
during critical periods. The series of actions will
depend on the alert level warning, and shall be
implemented by each local government unit.

5
PART I
ADDRESSING LOCAL
WEATHER DISTURBANCES

6 ADDRESSING LOCAL WEATHER DISTURBANCES
Understanding Localized Weather Disturbances
The geographical location of the Philippines exposes the country to several weather disturbances. It is common knowledge that typhoons
and tropical storms hit the country and have been causing massive distractions in various areas and localities over the past years.
Moreover, other hydrometeorological hazards such as heavy rains, monsoon rain, and weather phenomenon like thunderstorms, are
several areas in the country.
According to PAGASA, a thunderstorm is the only hydrometeorological hazard which could be considered a local weather system.
other weather-related heavy rainfall events brought about by low-pressure area (LPA), intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), monsoon
rains (southwest or Habagat and northeast or Amihan) are categorized as LWDs, especially, if the rain or precipitation poses a threat and
Thunderstorm A local scale weather system that can bring heavy rain, strong winds, and even thunder and
lightning. A thunderstorm can last up to 2 hours.
ITCZ It is the area where the winds of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere converge
causing a series of inclement weather such as LPAs and hurricanes
(Intertropical Convergence Zone) It is the area where the winds of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere converge
causing a series of inclement weather such as LPAs and hurricanes
Heavy Rains The rate of rainfall is greater than 7.5mm per hour. The sky is overcast and there is continuous
precipitation.
Monsoon Rains Heavy and/or continuous rains associated with the Southwest or Northeast Monsoon
Cold Front The forward edge of an advancing cold air mass which is displacing warmer air in its path.
Source: PAGASA Website

ADDRESSING LOCAL WEATHER DISTURBANCES 7
Flood Hazard Map and mitigation initiatives, comprehensive land-use planning, information
The DENR-MGB, as an implementing agency,
under the National Geohazard Assessment

and Mapping Program (NGAMP). These
agencies aim to identify areas in the country
hazards focused on Rain-Induced Landslides

(RIL), Flood Assessment/Mapping, Karst and
Subsidence Hazard Assessment. The updating
of 1:10,000 Scale Detailed RIL and Flood
Susceptibility Maps, the Information, Education
and Communication (IEC) Campaign, and the
Vulnerability and Risk Assessment are all part of
the NGAMP plans and programs of MGB.
As of 2010, the bureau was able to disseminate

a 1:10,000-scale rain induced landslide and
throughout the country through its province-

wide intensive information education campaigns
infographics and IEC materials, such as posters,
maps. (National Geohazard Assessment and

Mapping Program, 2010)
city/municipality. The MGB Flood Susceptibility

Maps can also serve as a platform from which Figure 2. Detailed Flood Hazard Map of Tuguegarao, Cagayan Province

There are by MGB stated below. Each
of topographic lows such as active river channels, abandoned river channels
lows such as active river channels, abandoned river channels and areas along
to widespread inundation during prolonged and extensive heavy rainfall or
hills and gentle slopes. They also have sparse to moderate drainage density.

The ALeRTO Early Warning System
The Automated Water-Level and Rain Monitoring

Using Near Real Time Observation (ALeRTO) is
an early warning system developed by the Ateneo
de Zamboanga University-GeoSAFER Mindanao
ZAMBASULTA Program in 2018. The ALeRTO
utilizes the Automated Rain Gauges (ARGs) and
Automated Water-Level Sensors (AWLS) installed
Figure 3. Flowchart of the ALeRTO Early Warning System
Science and Technology Institute (DOST-ASTI)
.
The data gathered by the technology comprised of the the predetermined warning threshold values of the ARG and the AWLS, it
water level from the Water Level Monitoring Stations processes the data by itself and sends the interpreted data to the end user
(WLMS) and volume of rain from the Automated Rain via SMS.
Gauges (ARG) with corresponding dates and times.
These data are sent to the server of DOST-ASTI for Rainfall Threshold
data recording and storage. The DOST ASTI server
functions as host to the repository of these data and The rainfall threshold warning is in line with PAGASA’s color coded rainfall
makes them available for online viewing. The data
fetched from the ASTI repository is also monitored by accumulated rainfall from the Automated Rain Gauge (ARGs/Tandem)
ALeRTO and forwarded to the stakeholders. sensors for one (1) hour and matches it with the rainfall warning threshold
from PAGASA.
The rain and water level thresholds are the two
Low or Yellow level is equivalent to 7.5 to 15 millimeters of rain. Medium or
Orange Level is equivalent to 15 to 30 millimeters of rain. While High or Red
warnings. Once the system detects that a particular Level is equivalent to more than 30 millimeters of rain.
sensor has reached a certain threshold, it will send out
alert messages via SMS to registered users. The SMS Once the rain data reaches the yellow warning threshold, the devices
will contain the threshold interpretation along with the automatically send out a text message/SMS to registered users. The same
rain and water level values. The said data could also process will transpire for the orange and red warning.
be viewed through the ALeRTO Website.

Figure 4. PAGASA Rainfall Warning
Disclaimer: According to PAGASA, the given rainfall warning threshold is only valid for Metro Manila or similar Urban Area. The values here are
utilizing this rainfall warning as a reference pending the analysis of rainfall warning threshold for other areas in the Philippines.
Water Level Threshold real time data and the threshold value matches,
the system will automatically send an SMS to the
To generate the threshold values for the water level, the cross section
using the Yellow warning; and subsequently, the

into three categories, 60% bank full, 80% bank full and 100% bank full Orange and Red warnings are sent out via SMS
or spilling over. when bank full thresholds reach the 80% and 100%
respectively. The system will send out SMS until
These generated water level thresholds are matched with near real-time such time that the AWLS data coincides with the
data of the AWLS in the area. In the event that the value of the near river’s normal water level.

every increment or decrease in the water level value, when the conditions are met, the
ALERTO System will send out SMS to the end users.
Figure 5. Water Level Warning System
Figure 6. Sample Water Level Threshold Cross Section
Orange or 2.0m corresponds to eighty (80) percent of the cross-sectional area. Lastly, High/Red or or 2.35m corresponds to one
hundred (100) percent and above of the cross-sectional area. The maximum water level is the lower value of the spilling point of
either the left or right banks.

Response Mechanism Orange Warning
The ALeRTO website showcases the near real time data of
mechanism and the database management system of ALERTO

EWS. Access to the response mechanism platform is given to - Security and Lifeline Cluster
the LGU via registration on the website. - Humanitarian Cluster
The response or feedback mechanism shall serve as basis for

monitoring the action and activities of the LGUs on the ground Red Warning
given an hour to check the predetermined responses on the - Security and Lifeline Cluster
website. Once checked or inputted, the response is saved and - Humanitarian Cluster
cannot be altered or deleted. There are three color warnings in - Information and Awareness Cluster
the ALERTO EWS, yellow, orange, and red. YELLOW means
monitoring, ORANGE means preparation, and RED means
evacuation. For every color warning, the LGU is expected to
take a particular action or response. LDRRMC
Analysis (RDANA)
Yellow Warning
These predetermined responses are parallel with the baseline
weather disturbance in one’s locality. responses shown in the local action plan (LAP) of the LGUs.
Once the LGU receives an ALERTO SMS, the next step is to
check the ALERTO website and input the required activities
or responses that the LGU made after receiving the SMS.
people from crossing any bodies of water. Prohibit
recreational activities in rivers and/or areas near the All ALERTO color-coded warnings and responses will be
rivers stored in the ALERTO Database Management System and
access will be made available to the LGUs for historical
Updates data mining of ALERTO color warnings and responses.
Government line agencies such as the DILG, OCD, DOST,
activities that the LGUs were able to accomplish.

13
PART II
CHECKLIST OF
EARLY DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

14 CHECKLIST OF EARLY DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
The Checklist of Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements The checklist is divided into three general categories parallel to the
(EDPR) for Localized Weather Disturbances (LWDs) is a list L!STO Protocols for typhoons. These categories are:
of pre-disaster requirements to be laid out as prerequisite to
the Local Action Plan (LAP) based on a minimum standard
preparedness protocol. The purpose of the checklist is to serve policies and plans
as guide or reference for important initial actions to be done by
weather disturbances (LWDs).

This checklist has been based on the Operation L!STO Manual
To strengthen the disaster preparedness of our communities Checklist for Early Preparedness Actions (EPA) for Mayors. Similar
to the L!STO Manual, the Checklist on Early Disaster Preparedness
checklist should be accomplished. LWDs could be categorized Requirements is based on laws, good practices, and experiences
as thunderstorm, LPA, ITCZ, monsoon rains (Habagat and of local government units (LGUs). Although the list provides the
Amihan), thunderstorms, heavy rains, and other localized minimum requirements, the agencies involved can carry out
weather-related heavy rainfall events. actions, conduct trainings, and acquire resources, beyond what
is written on the list, provided these actions are consistent with
To ensure that the LAP checklist is supported, timely, and is prevailing policies and laws, and are also exhaustive. However,
performed well, all the items in the EDPR should be integrative in this manual, the Checklist on Early Disaster Preparedness
and inclusive. It should be encompassing to all concerned Requirements and the implementation of Local Action Plan is
agencies mentioned in this manual. This also means that these given to the Disaster Managers of each Local Government Units.
initiatives should be done during ‘“peace time” or when there is This emphasizes the power of the Local Chief Executive (Mayor,
no immediate threat of disaster’ (L!STO v.3, 2018). Governor and Barangay Captain) to oversee the implementation
of actions conducted and implemented by their disaster managers
The checklist should be supported and validated by providing (LDRRMO, PDRRMO and BDRRMO).
The three (3) government units, i.e., the provincial government

shall have a repository of the resources that would verify each
requisite mentioned on the checklist. own EDPR that complements each unit’s roles and functions in the
preparation for LWDs.

CHECKLIST OF EARLY DISASTER PREPAREDNESS 15
Roles and Functions of the Province communication protocols, evacuation system, and the review
and approval of plans.
The provincial government takes crucial role in the success
of disaster preparedness that involves management, In terms of capacity building and mobilizing resources, the
coordination, and monitoring of all municipalities and cities province caters to units under it by providing the necessary
under the jurisdiction of the province. administrative and logistical support, while still having its
own resource mobilization in times of hazards. The province
Aside from sending weather advisories and color-coded ensures that disaster preparedness is executed by well-trained
warnings, the provincial government need to secure the
structures, systems, policies, and plans. The provincial
government also establishes arrangements for Early Warning Below are the information for the Early Disaster Preparedness
System (EWS) among PDRRMCs and LDRRMCs. It outlines
Table 2. Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements
Categories Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements
Create and 1. Institutionalized PDRRM Council Provincial Resolutions, Joint

institutionalize Memo Circular and IRR
structures,
systems, 2. Institutionalized LDRRM Councils Provincial Resolutions, Joint
policies, and Memo Circular and IRR
plans
3. Established coordinating arrangements among PDRRMC Members thru an Executive Order, Resolutions
executive order designated to establish an Early Warning System (EWS), and Documents, drawings,
communication protocol, evacuation centers and procedures, and Disaster Operation evacuation routes, procedures
Center (DOC) and protocols
Executive Order, Resolutions

province thru an executive order designated to establish an Early Warning System and Documents, drawings,
(EWS), communication protocol, evacuation centers and procedures, and Disaster evacuation routes, procedures
Operation Center (DOC) and protocols
5. Regular conduct of review of the DRRM plan, contingency plan, climate change Review Report including
action plan of the cities and municipalities recommendations

Build Capacities 6. Regular conduct of drill plan, table top and Program, Drill Plan, Contingency Plan,
simulation exercises, guidance for the facilitation Documentation, Pictures
7. Regular conduct of host educations, trainings Program, Attendance, Pictures, Training Reports
related to DRRM, resilience, preparedness and
planning.
Mobilize Resources 8. A list of "minimum resources" should also be Inventory of Equipment and Supplies
and Municipalities
9. Prepared administrative and logistical support Resolution and Documentation

to the LDRRMCs
10. Ensured Early Warning System are function- List of Schedule and EWS Monthly Assessment
al/operational or Report
Source: (L!STO Manual for City and Municipal LGUs v.3, 2018)

Figure 7. Flow Chart of the Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Province

Roles and Functions

of the Municipality/City
The municipality or city government also sets out a major part The cities and municipalities are also in charge of setting-up
in creating the structures, systems, policies, and plans for the and clustering of resources, and tapping the participation of
locality. The system in making sure of the institutionalization of
cash vouchers and other pre-disaster logistical requirements
should be created by this unit. Partnerships with private sectors are being prepared to help the barangays establish its 24/7
and other civic organizations are also done on this level. This shifting schedule of Barangay Tanods and Rescue Teams. The
LGU exercises jurisdiction over the sensors, such as the other requirements are listed below. (Refer to Table 3).
Automated Rain Gauges (ARGs) and Automatic Water Level
Sensors (AWLSs), in its areas of responsibility (AORs).
Table 3. Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Municipality/City
Create and institutionalize structures, SB Resolution/Ordinance

systems, policies, and plans
2. Formulation of BDRRM plan for all barangays Barangay Resolution
3. Established partnership with private sectors MOA or MOU with private sectors and civic
and civic organizations for convergence of organization
preparedness.
Documentation, Pictures
adequate markers
6. Adequate guide markers for strategic location Documentation, evacuation routes and list of
for evacuees and operation teams operation team
7. Designated Evacuation Centers (Established Documentation of Evacuation Centers (Plans)
center or Barangay evacuation center)

Build Capacities List of Training and Competencies

competent to deliver designated tasks
9. Seminars and trainings of BDRMMC and all other stakeholders Program, Attendance Sheet
Mobilize Resources 10. Possible no of household for evacuation, pre-position of food pack, Database of Household
procurement of rescue equipment and supplies
11. Response Clusters are formed and established: Documentation of announcements

Documentation of Evacuation Centers
(plans)
ICS chart and procedures
Updated risk assessment and plans
Standard procedures and guidelines for
o Search, Rescue and Retrieval Teams operations MOA with private sectors and
civic organizations on early preparedness
List of personnel with tasks and trainings
o Security Teams
taken
o Medical Teams Mobilize Teams & Enlist List of Personnel and Volunteers
Volunteers
o Clearing and Check Functionality of
Operation Teams Equipment
o MHO and MSWDO
o Evacuation Camp Prepare Evacuation Center

Management
o Mass Feeding and Estimate no. of Evacuees

Relief
Distribution

Mobilize Resources Documentation of announcements

Documentation of Evacuation Centers
Warning Alerts Issue Alert and Warn (plans)
or Media Relations and Communities ICS chart and procedures
Announcements Updated risk assessment and plans
Standard procedures and guidelines for
operations
MOA with private sectors and civic
organizations on early preparedness
List of personnel with tasks and train-
ings taken
List of Personnel and Volunteers
12. Established 24/7 shifting schedule of Barangay Tanods and Rescue List of schedule and personnel
Teams
13. Standby cash vouchers or petty cash Vouchers
14. Ensured that required logistics such as resources, supplies, and equip- Inventory of Supplies
ment are readily available. Along with resource mobilization

Figure 8. Flow Chart of the Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Municipality/City

Roles and Functions of Barangay Through the checklist stipulated in this Manual, the barangays are
empowered and capacitated to better respond and perform during
The barangay local government units (BLGUs) are considered
BLGU to respond in a rapid and timely manner during critical times,
through the establishment of its own structures, systems, policies,
respective position guarantees the proximity of this unit to its and plans. As such, the Manual entails a substantial number of
Early Preparedness Requirements for the barangay units to comply,
during inundation. The BLGU has more access in terms of
communication and coordination to its constituents in times of
To strengthen disaster preparedness in the communities, the
and implemented. These items are expressed in the table below.
Table 4. Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Barangay
Create and institutionalize Barangay Resolution or Ordinance

structures, systems,
policies, and plans 2. Organized the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction Management Barangay Resolution and BDRRM List
(BDRRM) with structures and personnel, Incident Command System of Members
(ICS) and Barangay Emergency Response Teams (BERT)


Create and institutionalize 4. Established partnerships and information dissemination system MOA of partnerships, Announcement,
structures, systems, procedures and documentation
policies, and plans Documentation, Markers and pictures
Contingency Plan, Risk Assessment and Risk

hazard map using local action plan Maps
Documentation and Pictures

warnings
Documentation of Evacuation Plan, Centers
Municipal, City evacuation center or Barangay evacuation center) and Routes
Documentation and Pictures
10. Adequate guide markers for strategic location for evacuees and Documentation and Evacuation Plan
operation teams
Build Capacities 11. Provided trainings and orientations to community on Community List of Trainings, Attendance Sheet and
BDRRM (CBDRRM), Family Guide on Disaster Preparedness, Early Documentation
Warning System, Evacuation Plan, and Conduct drills
12. Volunteers trained to provide support in case of an emergency Training Attendance and List of Volunteers
13. Regular mock evacuation exercises conducted in the barangay Drill or Mock Plan Documentation and
Pictures

Mobilize Resources 14. Established 24/7 shifting schedule of Barangay Tanods and List of Schedule and Personnel
Rescue Teams
15. Conducted regular declogging of canals Documentation, Schedule of Declogging
16. Possible no of household for evacuation, procured rescue Database of Household, Rescue Equipment
equipment and supplies and Supplies
17. Ensured that every household has an emergency balde (e-balde) List/inventory of Resources, Supplies,
or kit and Equipment
18. Standby cash vouchers or petty cash Vouchers
19. Standby by emergency equipment such as but not limited to Inventory of Emergency Equipment

Figure 9. Flow Chart of the Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Barangay

27
PART III
LOCAL ACTION PLAN

28 LOCAL ACTION PLAN
The Local Action Plan (LAP) contains the Sample LAP which indicates the minimum course of action for each
minimum progressive actions that the local government unit could be found in the annex.
government needs to carry out during the
critical period brought about by local weather
disturbances. The government units, from Quick Guide on How the Local Action Plan
the Barangay level up to the Provincial level is Activated
each develops their individual LAP based on
the laws and practices that are applicable to Once a local weather disturbance is detected, DOST-PAGASA and ALeRTO
their area. In the development of the LAP, Early Warning System will relay a set of advisories directed to the Local
the government units focus their attention to Government Units via SMS or ALeRTO Website. The advisories will contain
identifying actions in accordance to their roles the ALERT WARNING or the Yellow, Orange or Red Warning.
and function, and based on the RA 10121:
a. Provincial Government - LAP focused

on identifying actions related to
monitoring, coordination, resource
mobilization, and inter-agency
coordination
b. City/ Municipal Government - LAP
focused on planning, coordination,
resource mobilization, organizing ICS,
and inter-agency coordination
c. Barangay Government - LAP focused
on actions related to responding,
Figure 10. Quick Guide on How the Local Action Plan is activated
massive information campaign,
community organizing, and
coordination.

LOCAL ACTION PLAN 29
Developing Local Action Plan
A Local Weather Disturbance is detected The Local Action Plan is composed of six (6) parts, and shall
be activated based on the color-code warning integrated in
the system:
DOST PAGASA and ALeRTO Provides
advisories via SMS or ALeRTO Website. The
1. Early Preparedness Requirements (EPR) contains
information provided includes the color warning the minimum early preparedness actions of each local
in accordance to the threshold value of their river government unit.
system. It could be YELLOW for 60%, ORANGE
for 80%, and RED for 100% 2. ALERT Level indicates the preparedness level that
the government unit will activate.
3. Warning Threshold are the trigger factor, or basis for

the activation of the ALERT Level.
The LGU follows the actions to be executed in
4. General Action Area indicates the level of actions
accordance to their local action plan and based
conducted by the local government. The level of actions
on the color-coded warnings.
is divided into three (3): (1) Prepare, (2) Response, and
(3) Monitor.
5. Critical Areas will show the names of the areas in the
a given warning threshold.
6. Responses to the warning is a list of minimum

actions to be conducted by the local government unit
during the critical period. The LGUs are encouraged to
input their current practices on this part.

Figure 11. Parts of the Local Action Plan

DISASTER
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
A. EARLY PREPAREDNESS REQUIREMENTS
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
B. ALERT LEVEL
The ALERT Level will direct the course of action to be conducted by the government unit. It is activated based on the early
warning information provided by the ALeRTO EWS.
Figure 13. Alert Level

C. WARNING THRESHOLD
Figure 14. Warning Threshold
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
D. GENERAL ACTION AREAS
on their course of actions in accordance to the general action areas.
Figure 15. General Action Areas

E. CRITICAL AREAS
Figure 16. Critical Areas
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
F. RESPONSES TO ALERT WARNING
Figure 17. Responses to Alert Warning
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
REFERENCES 45
Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Atmospheric, Local Government Academy - Department of the Interior and
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. (2021, Local Government. (2019). Operation L!STO: Preparedness
September 13). Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)/Trivia. Guide for Governors. https://v2v.lga.gov.ph/media/uploads/2/
http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learnings/faqs-and-trivias Knowledge%20Exchange/Operation%20Listo%20Manual/
Preparedness%20Guide%20for%20Governors_Final%20
Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Atmospheric, Version%202018.pdf
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. (2021,
Local Government Academy - Department of the Interior and Local
http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learnings/legend Government. (2018). L!STO si Kap!
Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Atmospheric, Talaan ng Para sa Paghahanda para sa Kalamidad ng Punong
Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. (2021, Barangay. https://studylib.net/doc/25274198/listo-si-kap-pptx
September 13). Weather Terminologies.
http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/weather- Mines and Geosciences Bureau. (2020, October 1).
terminologies National Geohazard Assessment and Mapping
P r o g r a m . h t t p s : / / m g b . g o v. p h / a t t a c h m e n t s / a r t i c l e / 1 7 0 /
Geo-SAFER MINDANAO: ZAMBASULTA. (2018). Automated
Water Level and Rainfall Monitoring using Near Real-Time
Observation (ALeRTO). Ateneo de Zamboanga University. Ong, R., Rodriguez, M.S., Aying, J., Epino, E.V. & Lamparas, G.
(2018). Automated Water Level and Rainfall Monitoring using
Local Government Academy - Department of the Interior and Local Near Real-Time Observation (ALeRTO). Proceedings on the 28th
Government. (2018). L!STO Manual: Asian Conference on Remote Sensing 207. Asian Association on
Remote Sensing. ELSEVIER.
Local Government Unit Disaster Preparedness Manual for City
and Municipal LGUs. https://v2v.lga.gov.ph/media/uploads/2/ Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Knowledge%20Exchange/Operation%20Listo%20Manual/ Administration. (2021, September 13).
Listo%20Manual%20City%20Municipal%20LGUs_Final%20 Rainfall Warning. http://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learnings/
Version%202018.pdf legend

47
ANNEXES

ANNEXES 49
Annex I. Local Action Plan (LAP) of the Province
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 51
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 53
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 55
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 57
Annex II. Local Action Plan (LAP) of the City/Municipality
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 59
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 61
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 63
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 63
Annex III. Local Action Plan (LAP) of the Barangay
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 67
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
ANNEXES 69
DISASTER
PREPAREDNESS MANUAL
MANUAL
71

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DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

© Local Government Academy - DILG and Ateneo de Zamboanga University

Center for Environment and Sustainability of Ateneo de Zamboanga University.

For questions/queries regarding this report, contact:

National Library of the Philippines

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

PART III: LOCAL ACTION PLAN .............................................................................................. 27

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

Figure 1. Three (3) Core Principles ................................................................................................ 2

Figure 13. Alert Level ..................................................................................................................... 35

Table 3. Early Disaster Preparedness Requirements for the Municipality/City .............................. 18

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

other local weather disruptions.

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

AdZU Ateneo de Zamboanga University DRRM Disaster Risk Reduction and

BERT Barangay Emergency Response Risks for a Resilient Mindanao

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

LWD Localized Weather Disturbance

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

The occurrence of hydrometeorological events such

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

contribute to the empowerment of the local government

The comprehensive Local Action Plan (LAP) that

and systematic actions during a critical period.

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

Part I - Addressing Local Weather Disturbances-

Part II - The Checklist of Early Disaster

Part III - The Local Action Plan- this part contains

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

Understanding Localized Weather Disturbances

several areas in the country.

Source: PAGASA Website

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

The DENR-MGB, as an implementing agency,

under the National Geohazard Assessment

hazards focused on Rain-Induced Landslides

As of 2010, the bureau was able to disseminate

throughout the country through its province-

infographics and IEC materials, such as posters,

maps. (National Geohazard Assessment and

city/municipality. The MGB Flood Susceptibility

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

There are by MGB stated below. Each

of topographic lows such as active river channels, abandoned river channels

to widespread inundation during prolonged and extensive heavy rainfall or

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

The ALeRTO Early Warning System

The Automated Water-Level and Rain Monitoring

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

Figure 4. PAGASA Rainfall Warning

using the Yellow warning; and subsequently, the

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS MANUAL

Figure 5. Water Level Warning System

Figure 6. Sample Water Level Threshold Cross Section