Quiz 8- Digestive System

cardiac, fundus, body, pyloric region - The four regions of the stomach include the

The pancreas secretes bile to assist with the digestion of lipids - Which of the following statements is
NOT true about the function of the pancreas?

increased motility of the digestive tract - All of the following are normal effects of aging on the digestive
tract EXCEPT

salivary amylase - The digestive enzyme ________ is secreted in the saliva and begins carbohydrate
digestion.

During digestion, - food is broken down from complex particles into smaller molecules.

Transport of nutrients to the tissues of the body - Which of the following is NOT a function of the
digestive system?

Appendix - The ________ is a small tubular structure attached to the cecum of the large intestine.

Mastication -  ________, also called chewing, breaks down large food particles into smaller ones.

Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum - Which of the
following is the correct order of sections that material passes through as it moves through the large
intestine?

Increased chance for damage to the dentin of the tooth - As we age, the enamel of our teeth thins.
Which of following is a possible consequence of this age-related change?

hepatic portal vein - The ________ carries blood that is rich in nutrients from the digestive tract to the
liver.

pulp cavity - The ________ of a tooth contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue.

pyloric sphincter -  The ________ is a ring of smooth muscle that regulates the movement of
material out of the stomach and into the small intestine.
Mixing - ________ waves thoroughly mix ingested food with stomach secretions.

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa - The four layers of the digestive tract wall, from innermost
to outermost, are

liver - The ________ produces bile, an important substance for fat digestion.

Muscularis - If a person ingests a poison that targets the smooth muscle of the digestive tract, which
tunic will be most affected?

Pharyngeal phase - Joanna was chewing gum and talking to her friend when suddenly she swallowed
her gum. Which phase of swallowing was most likely involved in the accidental swallowing of her gum?

Peristaltic - ________ waves force chyme toward and through the pyloric sphincter.
The large intestine is unable to absorb the extra water that the small intestine failed to absorb.-
Which statement below best explains why rapid movement of chyme through the small intestine often
leads to diarrhea?
Quiz 9- Endocrine System
After binding, the level of activity of certain enzymes inside the cell increases dramatically. -
George is studying the action of a certain hormone in a model organism. He knows
that the hormone is water-soluble and that it binds to membrane-bound receptors. He
would like to determine whether if this hormone causes the appearance of second
messengers in the cell. Which of the following results would indicate the involvement
of second messengers?
Low blood glucose levels - The regulation of blood glucose is a typical example of negative
feedback. Insulin and glucagon work together to maintain blood glucose levels in a narrow
range. The function of glucagon is to increase blood glucose. What is the stimulus for
glucagon secretion?
posterior pituitary gland. - Oxytocin is secreted by the
Insulin - Secretion of which of these hormones would increase shortly after a meal?
anterior pituitary gland. - Growth hormone is secreted by the

Thymus - Ted was playing softball with several of his friends when a line drive hit him
in the chest. Which gland of the body could possibly be damaged from this type of
injury?
If the gland is associated with the exterior of the body, this indicates an exocrine gland. -
Joshua has failed to study for his lab practical. He knows that Mr. Lyons will test him
on the various glands of the body so he is prepared to "divide and conquer" by first
determining if the gland is exocrine or endocrine. Which characteristics should he
look for to determine this?

Melatonin - may be controlled by changes in day length.

4 -  This figure shows the endocrine system. Which number indicates the thymus
gland?

All of the choices are correct - Hormones alter cellular properties and
functions by

 changing the quantities of enzymes present.

 opening or closing ion channels.
  changing the rate of enzyme breakdown.
 changing the rates of transcription or translation in a cell.

Parathyroid hormone secretion decreases. - Which of the following changes to the endocrine system is
NOT a result of aging?

beta cells of the pancreatic islets. -  Insulin is secreted by the

Calcitonin - is synthesized by C cells of the thyroid gland.

increased appetite. - Symptoms of diabetes mellitus include
amplification - When a hormone binds to a membrane-bound receptor, it stimulates the
appearance of several second messengers in the cell. This is known as ________.

negative feedback - In response to high blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin to
enable glucose to enter body cells. When the blood glucose level returns to normal,
insulin release stops. This is an example of regulation by ________.
All of the choices are correct. - Intracellular receptors

 are located in the cytoplasm or nucleus of the cell.

 typically bind to lipophilic (hydrophobic) chemical signals.
 are associated with hormones such as steroids.
 may cause changes in transcription and translation when
bound to appropriate signals.
Growth hormone -  Which of these hormones increases blood glucose levels, increases
lipid breakdown, but slows protein breakdown?
Quiz 10- Urinary System
False - The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall, within the peritoneum.
Which of the following are functions of the urinary system? (Select all that apply)



Vitamin D synthesis
Correct

 Excretion


Regulation of red blood cell synthesis
Correc

 Regulation of the concentration of solutes in the blood

 Regulation of blood volume and pressure

Regulation of lymphocyte production - Which is NOT a function of the urinary system?

True - The distal convoluted tubule is the primary site for the reabsorption of solutes and
water.
True - Dilation of the afferent arteriole would increase glomerular pressure.
Urethra - __________ transports the urine to the outside of the body.
True - The internal urinary sphincter is composed of smooth muscle tissue.
False - The urinary system consists of two kidneys, one ureter, one urinary bladder, and two
urethrae.
False - The renal corpuscle consists of the Bowman's capsule and the peritubular capillaries.

 Correct