Chapter 2 Quiz

Nishant Sharma

1. What are traits?

Ans: A trait is a discrete version of an organism's phenotypic feature that might be hereditary,
environmental, or somewhere in between. Eye colour, for example, is a character or abstraction
of an attribute, whereas blue, brown, and hazel are qualities. A trait is a discrete version of an
organism's phenotypic feature that might be hereditary, environmental, or somewhere in
between. Eye colour, for example, is a character or abstraction of an attribute, whereas blue,
brown, and hazel are qualities.
2. What is optimism?
Ans: The psychological inclination to perceive life's events in a positive light. Believing that
positive outcomes are more likely than bad incomes, and balancing the negative with the
positive, may help in a variety of situations. An optimistic outlook on life is typically established
at a young age, although it may be cultivated later in life with hard effort.
3. What is self- confidence?
Ans: Self-assurance is a realistic belief in one's own judgement, skill, and strength.
4. What personalities do good leaders have?
Ans: Passion, vision, creativity, intellectual drive and knowledge, confidence, communication,
organisation, interpersonal skills, encourage, open-mindedness, empathy, patience, and
invention are all desirable traits.
5. What personal characteristics do good leaders have?
Ans: Passion, vision, creativity, intellectual drive and knowledge, confidence, communication,
organisation, interpersonal skills, encourage, open-mindedness, empathy, patience, and
invention are all desirable traits.
6. Describe the three types of leadership roles?
Ans: Autocratic leaders are authoritarian, non-participative, tyrants, with a formal framework
and regulations, a tight operation, and a bureaucratic organisation. Democratic leaders are
participatory and include their employees.
7. Describe the autocratic and democratic leadership approaches?
Ans: Autocratic manner. It is distinguished by strong demands, discipline, unity, personal
control, and rigidity. The authority is held by the leader, while the employees are only cogs in
the machine. The boss is more concerned with work, while partially or entirely ignoring
individuals.
8. Summarize University of Michigan Studies?
Ans: Employee-centered - > Leaders place a premium on interpersonal ties. Increased group
productivity and member satisfaction.
Production oriented - > Leaders prioritise job task characteristics Managerial grid: Production
concern for others.
9. Summarize the leadership grid?
 Ans: Team management: work achievement comes from dedicated employees, and
interdependence via a common stake in the organization's goal leads to trust and respect
relationships.
10. What is individualized leadership? What are the stages?
Ans: Individualized leadership is founded on the idea that a leader cultivates a distinct
connection with each subordinate or group member, which influences how the leader acts
toward the member and how the member reacts to the leader. According to this viewpoint,
leadership is a succession of dyads, or two-person interactions.
First Stage: Vertical Dyad Linkage
Second Stage: Leader- Member Exchange
Third Stage: Partnership Building