SIMILARITY

OF FIGURES
CHERRY LOU G. LAGRIMAS
SUBJECT TEACHER
 OBJECTIVES

define similarity
illustrate similarity of figures
solve problems involving similar figures
appreciate similarity through examples
What’s In?
Study the following pictures, then share your observations.
https://www.instagram.com/suziebakerartist/?ref=lbb&hl=bn

https://vulcanpost.com/18331/gear2cam-app-might-help-take-perfect-selfie/

https://raisingchildren.net.au/pregnancy/health-wellbeing/twin-pregnancy/twins
What’s In?

Are the triangles below similar?

Two polygons are similar if their vertices can be paired so

that corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding
sides are proportional.
What’s In?
The triangles below are similar. Triangle ABC
is similar to
triangle DEF.
In symbol,
∆ABC~∆DEF

The corresponding side lengths of the two triangles are

proportional and the corresponding angles have the same
measure.
What’s In?

∆ABC~∆DEF

The corresponding side The corresponding

lengths are proportional: angles are congruent:
A  D
AB BC AC
= = B  E
DE EF DF
C  F
 What’s In? ∆ABC~∆DEF

The corresponding side The corresponding

lengths are proportional: angles are congruent:
AB BC AC A  D
= = B  E
DE EF DF
C  F
❖If the corresponding sides are proportional, then the ratios of these
corresponding sides are equal. This common ratio is called the
scale factor.
❖The order of the vertices in a similarity statement is very important.
It identifies the corresponding angles and sides of the polygon.
 Let’s Try! Activity 1
The trapezoids LEAP and FROM are similar. Name the corresponding
angles and the corresponding sides.

The corresponding side The corresponding

lengths are proportional: angles are congruent:
LP LE EA AP L  F A  O
= = =
FM FR RO OM E  R P  M
Let’s Try! Activity 1
Which rectangle is similar to Rectangle A?

Are the corresponding angles congruent?

Are the corresponding sides proportional?

Let’s Try! Activity 1

Which rectangle
is similar to
Rectangle A?

Are the corresponding sides proportional?

Therefore,
Rectangle C
is similar to
Rectangle A.
The scale
factor is 4/3.
 Let’s Try! Activity 1
Are the following figures similar? NO

Are the corresponding angles congruent?

Are the corresponding sides proportional?

Let’s Try! Activity 2

Find the scale factor and the value of x in the following pair of
similar triangles.
 Activity 2
Let’s Try!
Find the scale factor and the value of in the following
pair of similar triangles.
Solution LJ KJ
= To check:
RP QP
28 x 28 22
= =
42 33 42 33
42x = 924 2 2
Alternative Solution =
Find x. x = 22 3 3
Determine the scale factor. 2
x =   ( 33 ) Note that both ratios
LJ 28 2 3 are equal to 2/3. The
= =
RP 42 3 x = 22 scale factor is 2/3.
What’s In?
Study the two rectangles below.

What is the common ratio or scale factor?

What is the perimeter of each rectangle? area?
What’s In?
Study the two rectangles below. What is the common ratio or
scale factor?

What is the perimeter of each

rectangle?
What is the ratio of the
perimeters?
What’s In?
Study the two rectangles below. What is the common ratio or
scale factor?

What is the area of each rectangle?

What is the ratio of the

areas?
 Let’s Summarize!

❖ The ratio of any two corresponding parts (excluding

angles) of similar shapes is equal to the scale factor.

❖ The ratio of the perimeters of two similar figures is the

same as the scale factor.

❖ The ratio of the areas of two similar figures is equal to

the square of the scale factor.
What’s More?

Notice that 3 is the reciprocal of the scale factor 1/3.

What’s More?

Recall that the scale factor is 1/3.

What’s More?

In what way
are the areas
related?
If the lengths of the sides of a shape are multiplied by a factor k, then
the area is multiplied by a factor 𝑘 2 .
Let’s Try! Activity 3
1. What is the scale factor?

∆TRY ~ ∆NOW
2. How long is line segment NW?

3. What is the ratio of the perimeter

in simplest form?

4. What is the ratio of the areas in

simplest form?
Let’s Try! Activity 4

Two trapezoids have a scale factor of 2/5. If the area of the larger
trapezoid is 210 square units, what is the area of the smaller
trapezoid?

Solution
Get the ratio of the areas:

Multiply the area of the larger trapezoid

and the ratio of the areas:

Therefore, the area of the smaller trapezoid is 33.6 square units.

 Let’s Try! Activity 5
The figures below show two similar triangles. If the area of ∆DFE is
26.46 cm2 , find the lengths of its sides.
 Let’s Try! Activity 5
If the area of ∆DFE is 26.46 cm2 ,
find the lengths of its sides.
Solution If the lengths of the sides of ∆DEF are a factor of k greater
than the length of the sides of ∆ABC, then its area will be a
factor k 2 greater than the area of ∆ABC.

So, the lengths of the sides of ∆DEF are 2.1

greater than the length of the sides of ∆ABC.