Tutorial 03 (Fundamentals of Heat Transfer Mode and Mechanisms)

1. A wall with an area of 25 m2 is made up of 4 layers. On the inside is plaster 15 mm thick, then there is
brick 100 mm thick, then insulation 60 mm thick and finally brick 100 mm thick. The thermal conductivity of

plaster is 0.1 W/mK, brick is 0.6 W/mK and the insulation is 0.08 W/mK. If the inner surface temperature

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of the wall is 18 C and the outer is -2 C, calculate

a. The heat loss

b. The temperature at interface between plaster and the brick

2. Calculate the heat transfer between a fluid with bulk temperature of 160 oC and another fluid with bulk

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temperature 15 C with a wall between them made of two layers A and B both 50 mm thick. The surface

2 2
heat transfer coefficient for hot fluid is 5 W/m K, and cold fluid is 3 W/m K. The thermal conductivity

of layer A and B are 20 W/mK and 0.5 W/mK, respectively. Also calculate the heat transfer coefficient.

3. The following data pertains to a hollow cylinder and a hollow sphere made of the same material and having
the same temperature drop over the wall thickness.

Inside radius = 0.1 2

m and outside surface area = 1 m

If the outside radius of both the geometrics is same, calculate the ratio of heat flow in the cylinder to

that in
the sphere.

4. A cable of 10 mm outside diameter is to be laid in an atmosphere of 25 oC (ho = 12.5 W/m2 oC) and its

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surface temperature is likely to be 75 C due to heat generated within it. How would the heat flow from

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the cable be affected if it is insulated with rubber having thermal conductivity k =0.15 W/m C.

5. Find the heat flow rate through the composite wall as shown in figure below. Assume one dimensional flow

o o o o
and take ka =150W/m C; kb =30 W/m C; kc =65 W/m C; kd =50 W/m C.

6. A hollow sphere of inner radius 30 mm and outer radius 50 mm is electrically heated at the inner surface at
a rate of 10 5 W/m 2. At the outer surface, it dissipates heat by convection into a fluid at 100 oC and a heat
 transfer coefficient of 400 W/m2 K. Determine the temperature at the inside and outside surfaces of the

sphere. It may be presumed that there is no energy generation and the thermal conductivity of the

material is constant at 15 W/mK.

7. “Addition of insulating material does not always bring about a decrease in the heat transfer rate for
geometrics with non-constant cross-section area.” Comment upon the validity of this statement.

A pipe of outside diameter 20 mm is to be insulated with asbestos which has a mean thermal conductivity

of 0.1 W/m oC. The local coefficient of convective heat to the surroundings is 5 W/m 2 oC. Comment upon

the utility of asbestos as the insulating material. What should be the minimum value of thermal conductivity

of insulating material to reduce heat transfer?