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Fldamhg M Aùu: Okd Aul Udmshlrk W Afmd
Fldamhg M Aùu: Okd Aul Udmshlrk W Afmd
w;afmd;
8
fldamhg m;aùu
fldamhg m;aùu
© UNICEF, April 2023
ISBN : 978-92-806-5109-6
fuu w;afmdf;ys tk" fidhd.ekSï" w¾:l:k fyda ks.ukhka" l;Djßhf.a jk w;r" lsisÿ wdldrhlska" UNICEF wdh;kfha" m%;sm;a;s fyda
woyia fkdfõ' fuu .%ka:h ks, uÜgfï m%ldYkhl uÜgug ixialrKh fldg fkdue;s w;r" ;sfnk wvqmdvq i|yd wdh;kh j. lshkq
fkd,efí' fuu m%ldYkfha we;s ;k;=rej,ska lsishï rgl fyda m%foaYhl fyda tys n,OdÍkaf.a ffk;sl ;;a;ajh fyda foaYiSud iSud lsÍu ms<sn|
u;hla woyia fkdfõ'
IXXZDIPGI\VXMPVKGIRX}PVKNDÓÙZGIL1G~GIOGJZHDIDP\LTML_\GMNZURUHMNDOQGHN6IwOGëKIKDNVKHIN
ZGefL6KGI\GD~LD'PMTLViNPMTIDLGXGßOKND\GRUHMND\RGMYGNDNNDZGPVLRxJZHDI}
ms<s.ekaùu
1. tlg tl lSu
5. RUHMNDPXGNVMLJPHxªX
6. lßJD:POU.1G~K\GZM<+L6XGMNDLOLDOUHN6X
8. fldamhg m;aùu
9. in|;d
11. XDPHND\GXDM+X©VNDLV´MN\GNV
12. LD6PTUH,LXGF1GMKPVVQ_L[ODPL\XGPVKOU.K
fuu fmd; lshjk Tng my; oelafjk rEm igyka j,ska fok m‚úvh jkafka
is;d n,kak
jeo.;a b.ekaùula
PGIKGDVOMN:PIRLD
m%Yakhla
fldamhg m;aùu 8
6
y RUHMNDJP<[LGML\+GK1G~GOUNDINDIOILDR#
y UHMNDJ:PIRLDQGXL\NVMLZM<+OUNN6V
R
fr.=,dis ia:dms; lrkafka flfiao@
y ItRUHMGJZGUOD,VPLUKOD7MTNDID\H©6wPOG<
7
OVÆXJ\HOVKGMHIQNPÅ7ItZR\LDPOG<OUNDIND
flfiao@
y V~PGO1G~OVÆXL\LNDLTNDZMLDGMNDIGYNNDIND
P
flfiao@
fldamhg m;aùu 8
8
y NGDXOXGPVKOU.KKNTRUHMNDIDLDMK[~NKMë2NKOUNÅOG6N
2
~L²wI}
y NGDXOXGPVKOU.KKNTZIPDOD,GMNDN6VÆVL\L6XGMNDPVVQ_
2
PH\HÅVLNDNVI}RNKOV
y NGDXOXGPVKOU.KKNT7ItRUHMNDLX©ZIN+GDN+M<IKNDIUMN6K
2
iïnkaO;djhla f.dvk.d .ekSuhs'
y NGDXOXGPVKOU.KKNTRUHMNDJË~OGKPTUGMJZM<+OLG
2
b.ekaùuhs'
y NGDXOXGPVKOU.KKNTZ1VIKGDGDXOZMLDGMNDJXT\T.XL_\G
2
RUHMNDIDNVPT.GMKL\~<DMGLKMHlOVÆXKV
y NGDXOXGPVKOU.KKNTZGSGU<66DMKZ~\V[LGML\OwPNKZGDX
2
IUMKXGNM\VxOwL\ZNDZKJUHOVÆXEHNDXKV
y UHMNDN6VÆVL6XGMNDI\GDZIPDOD,GMNDINGXHVMZHVRHlOVÆX
R
Okd;aul udmshlrKh fkdfõ'
y OiOG6NPVOVKGRHODXOwXTDP\UHL6XL\P\UXZGÅKL_\G
I
~ODPRaTMwQGX2NGDXOXGPVKOU.KINGI}
XRUHMNDZO6OUHQMIRXGPVKNDIDVIQNIPG´´ODHN~DOV
—fï <uhd yßu wlSlrehs" thd wms lshk lsisfohla wykafka kE' thd ks;ru lrkafka wms
WPGOVKNIRDMDXKV
iOODMDO6OUHN(Ó' fujeks m%ldYhka Tfí mjqf,a;a ;sfío@' Tng
Tfí orejka wlSlrehhs oefkkjdo@
7QLVNZGOGUKJEGXO6OUHRUHIMOIDOD,.IXGNMGR#
RUHMOZO6OUHING
LViNDINDIOILDR#KNDNIMNIMNXHKVLDOUNDN
wlSlre lSlre
7Q~LVNDO6OUH6UHI}VK4OD,.IMNDIRXPVIKOIDWX6UHI}VK4OD,.\G
ii|d n,kak' ta ms<sn|j idlÉPd lrkak'
ZPVO6OUHOXZO6OUHOXILLONIRDMDLGIPDOD,LG2OKNDQMIXX
fjkialï u.ska fmkajd fohs' tkï" Tn ta .ek is;k wdldrh fjk;a flfkl= ta
.ek is;k wdldrhg fjkia njhs'
fldamhg m;aùu 8
10
Tng Tnf.a orejdf.a fjkialr .;hq;= uq,sl wej;=ï mej;=ï fyda yeisÍï
ms<sn| ukd wjfndaOhla ,nd .kak' bkamiq" tu wej;=ï mej;=ï fyda yeisÍï
NVMHUÅOUHN6XL_\GIXNDXRUHMJLDMGsNMLV6XJ\GOVKGOVÆXJ7QID
L\IKGDKQGIRxNDP\ZHV:PGKXGëZD\RGQNDN
3. Z
PI\GNDXOQGKTOUH.ODNwZPVRUHMGIDMHUÅ\HLVÆX
ZNTXINGOUNXTDWXVNDRUHMGJZOXHVXODX+INGI}
WILDXIRXGPVKOU.K´,DOUOGëKOD~K\HO
IX\VZNVMGëIKNDXOQG
.;hq;= lreKla kï" Okd;aul udmshlrK l%ufõo u.ska m%;sM, ,nd.ekSug
KwOGKOD~K\HOVZUW\VLGëOPV0INGHN6XJEML6IXND
LViKKTK
MRPVPWODÅNO©GIOGJING\HO
7QJZR
id¾:l m%;sm, fkd,enqfKa kï" B<Õ ojfiao" tu l%ufõo wkq.ukh lrkak'
foudmshlrK l%ufõo yd Tn th l%shd;aul lrk wdldrh ieuodu tlfia
VuKKTK
WILDX7QWOGOUMXWXOXI}RZNTXNKOUN~JRUHMGJ
Tn lrkafka l=ulao hkak wjfndaO ùug wjia:dj i,ikq we;'
fhduqj
National Parenting Taskforce, (2013), The Art of Parenting: Summary Guide, Parenting Guide_Summary
Guide.pdf (sharepoint.com)
fldamhg m;aùu 8
12
T ItRUHMGuV²~KPLTIOGJLV©VVMKLJ
PV~ILN~J7Q7MTNDID\HLVÆwMIQGI\GD
fjkialï oel .ekSug Tng yelsfõ' Tjqka jvd;a
ms<sfj,lg l;d lsÍug mgka .kS" Tjqkag ;ksju
ZG\GU\HOVK´MNDNJ\HOVKZH²wZHK\HOVK
tfiau" oeä Ñ;a;fõ. wjia:dj,§" Tjqka fldamhg m;a
ùuo oelsh yel' we;a; jYfhkau" fndfyda fouõmshka
orejkaf.a l=vd ld,fha§ ^todller age 7MTNDIOGDP
.kakjdg (tantrums)uKMNDINDWKIQGI\GD~J7MTNDJ
ydksodhl jk fyhsks' flfia fj;;a" fuu jhfia
orejka jvd hym;a fya;= ksid fldamhg m;a jk w;r
th Tjqka —krl˜ fyda —wlSlre˜ ksid fkdfõ' l=vd
orejka fldamhg m;a jkafka ukaoehs foudmshka f;areï
.kafka kï" Tjqkaf.a fldam .ekSu wju lr .ekSug iy
WKLV´M4~JWDMGOXNGOU.KOVÆXJ7MTNDJ\HOV
~KKTK
fldamhg m;aùu 8
14
l%shdldrlu
l;dfõ ud,sld l< wdldrhgu Tfí orejdo ljod fyda fldamhg m;a ù ;sfío@
XGVOGIDIODNDVKJNTMNDPVSGURHOD~KKTMVQTINDIOILDR#
fldamhg m;aùu 8
16
<uhska wêl fldamhg m;a jkafka wehs@
wêl fldamh (tantrum)KNTLGXGN+IKNDDOO(HL6XMHP6XPKVNDHL6XuX
fmr<Su fyda uq¿ isreru oeä lr .ekSu wd§ jQ" orejdf.a wmyiq fyda md,kh l< fkdyels
yeisÍï ;;ajhls' jhi wjqreÿ tl iy ;=k w;r <uqka w;r flaka;shg m;aùu fyda ;ryd
.ekSu nyq,j oelsh yelsh'
IXXMKLRUHMGIDLXGFfDI}6KL\1G,GOLGL[Më2NKXJPJNDNDNG
wjêhhs' tys§" Tjqka foudmshka wjir fokafka l=ula i|ydo iy wjir ,nd fkdfokafka
OXODL_\GRKNDIN\VLVXGMNDPÆOD,GOUQH6XJIXNDXMYGDLDMGsNXJ:DLG\
lrhs' l=vd orejkago" l,lsÍu iy fldamh jeks ixlS¾K yeÕSï m%ldY lsÍug jd.au,djla
fkdue;' fuksid" tu yeÕSï m%ldY lsÍug fyda tu Ñ;a;fõ. iuÕ lghq;= lsÍug fldamh
1G~GOUKV
MRWO6L[O6ë.\H©6wLX©OJKTOVÆXJLT´LTOXI}RKODMX
bf.kf.k fkd;sìuo fuhg fya;=jls'
• U\MHÂFGM´OuKL\ONLDLDMHNVPQ\H©6w
• OLVNDNPXG.KEODXMGVK:NND´MI\GD:DIDFNKZGVKL\NVÅX
• MTNDJPGNKOUHN6XJI\GDRUGHN6XJING\HOVDMKNDA:RG\U.IL
7
LTPVIM_LHOLViN~JISGOhWOODZM<+XI\GDXNDIDOHXVX
ILDwQYTMO}UHI\GDINKGX
orefjl= ys;du;du wêl fldamhg m;a fkdjk nj foudmshka isys ;nd .; hq;= w;r"
Tjqka jhiska jefv;au iy Tjqkaf.a yeisÍï iy yeÕSï iajhx-kshdukh lrkafka
IOILDRHKVEINNDNG~JIQGI\GD~JIOGDPKJPDXZYTMNQMRHOVK\HO
7ItRUHMGPGxOPGLDLXKJWI8N~JD7MTNDIDIOGDPKZYTINGMNDINDNw
IL/+ILDMGM'VOKOIND:PIRLDQGNDN
7ItRUHMGJ~I<D,ZM<+GVItNw
7MTNDIDIOGDPKOXNGOU.KOUNDINDIOILDRKNDNPVVQ_~I<D,IGUUH\GRHNTX
ZM<+I}
W\V7QJOH¾K~<DM~RDKGIKDPV\VJGZHVwdh;sÓX2+LDGNIKDLViN
M'DVOKNDID:POGUQG\HO
7ItRUHMGIDß~IKDXTDXXGLOV\VPIKDPJND7MTNDL_\GLDGMUÅNSëKGMOD
^daily routine LDGPVOVÆXJ:DLG\OUNDN
IXK7ItOYGRUHMGJXNDZIPDOD,G
OKTIRDEINHN6XJ:POGUMNTZHVZUWXVNDNVLVIMGMJPVVIMJ
LHILNZGUOD,GMVND7MTNDJP\LTMODRHIND
\HOVGODÅNSëKGMJZNTMXOJKT
OUNDN
~I<D,IKNDXOYGRUHMNDNVÅXI\GDQYVNVM4~JIOGDPKJI\GDOQKJ
PDI}
IwNVLG~I<D,IKNDIOiNVNDRQNI}GMNDUG6NVNDRJKNI}GMNDL\
wdydr fõ,a ,ndfok wjia:d ie,iqï l< p¾hd rgdjg isÿlrkak'
:RDPNKAexcitement KNTOYGRUHMNDJ~<G\H©6XODMNZU7MTNDMXWMND
\H©6wLX©OJKTOUNDNJRNDINDNH
WIXNDXRUHMGN(MJMYG:RDIKGDVXD
^overstimulated M4~JI\GDN(MJMYG:RDPNKAover-excited M4~JWDLX©
IOGDPKRZHV~K\HO
NVRLTNODM<IKNDEGI!GD,GOGÆMë.MDI\GDFNGO6ë.
mßirhl isàu ksid" ´kEjg jvd rEmjdysksh keröfuka o l=vd orefjl= wêl f,i
:DIDFNKO\HOVK
~I<D,IKNDRUHMGJP2GNfDI}Aemotions \²NDMGWDMGLX©NVLVIL
OJKTOUNZGOGUK:NDMNDN
NVRLTNODM<IKND7ItOYGRUHMGIQGDKO
PVKN~M'OVÆXJING\HOVM4NVLGIOGDPIKNDPDGLDiOD1GFNKODOGXUKPTUG~LV
OI\GD7Q7KGJIQGDKZNDNQH:NNVLGU\VKNVLGIND7KGWDO~LV
OID#WDOZ\TNDNXX7KGJPVKNZNDN:R}OUNDNw
Ó
7ItRUHMGIQRG\RGHN6XI\GD7QID:PIRLDZNTXNKOVÆXMHNVK\PD\HLVÆw
IPNDNTwOUN~JRUHMGJIQGI\GDILPL[<GOUNDN
IQGI\GDILZGRUKOUNDN
wdorfhka je<| .kak'
fldamhg m;aùu 8
18
fldamhg m;aùu md,kh lr,Sfï l%ufõo
7QLVK:DLG\KNDDRLX\UZMLDGMIOGDPHN6XINGMHHOD~K\HOVK
Iw
NVLG7ItRUHMGKwu_MHjXOJODM4~JOKTL\INGOKTIRDMDOV\VPKOD
\²NGNVXT
y UHMGU\VNDI\GDIODNDVIKNDLViN~JOI\GDENDPLTMOVLV~IJOD7ItRUHMGJ
R
MGfOMI\GD<GÆOMRaTMwINGOUNDN
IXK7ItRUHMGMMDP6YGMJPDOU.T
,nk w;r ;;ajh ;j;a krl w;g yefrkq we;'
y QLNDLTNDMLVJ7MTNDIDZM2GNKIMNOJIKGXTOVÆXJ:DLG\OUNDN
7It
7
RUHMGP6YGMJPDM4~J7QO(HLTMI\GDI\GDOQKJPDMTMI\GDWKDMK
jvd;a krl w;g yeÍug fya;= jkakg mq¿jk' Tjqkag i;=g f.kfok fyda" Tjqka wdYd
lrK fohla fmkajkak" fkdtfia kï tu wjia:dfjka Tjqka bj;a lrkak'
y Tfí orejd wdorfhka w,a,df.k fyda uDÿ f,i l;d lsÍfuka Tyqj$wehj ikaiqka
OVÆXJ:DLG\OUNDN
7MTNDIXXLT\RQMPVODI,DPOUNDINDNwL\IOGDPKNUO
ZJ\HIëNwOVLV~IJOD7MTNDMNVINGOUWDIMNTMJ7MTNDLNDLTNDMNUH
7MTNDZLLVJLNLNDN
IOILDIMD7ItRUHMGPGUJÅMKGXMHNVZNUOJPD
MNTZHHKV7QLVNDINDNw7MTNDLNDLTNDMNUH7MTNDMÅNDZDGHN6IXND7Q
Tjqkaj j<lajd .; hq;=h'
» Tfí orejdg iukhg m;ajkakg ,nd fok ld, iSudj oekqï §ug fmr" fuh ksjfia
QPHMHDIMNN6VÆVZNTXNKINGOVÆIwPV~PGOKODQM7ItRUHMGJXODOU
fokak'
» Tfí orejdg f;aÍula ,nd fokak( iukhg m;ajkakg ,nd fok ld, iSudj ^cool down
period QGHN6XI\GDPV~PGOKQGHN6XJZMLDGMZH
» 7QQGXJLVGLViNPV~PGOKODVKGLHLTwOUHN6XJMQGNDN
WILDX
th l%shd;aul l< yels tlla njg j. n,d .kak'
» QGIRNPV~PGOK7\TIDZHKIDSëKGMJZRGRaTMXOD~KKTK
» iukhg m;ajkakg ,nd fok ld, iSudjg miq" Tfí orejd Okd;aul yeisÍï j,g
iïnkaO lr" ta i|yd orejdg m%ixYd lrkak'
fldamhg m;aùu 8
20
Tfí orejd iukhg m;ajkakg ^cool down period& m%;slafIam lrkafka kï
l=ula l< hq;=o@
y XTVNDXRUHMGIDZM2GNKIMNOJIKGXTOVÆXJ:DLG\OUNDN
y OGDPKODINGLOG\HÆIw7ItLNDLTND:PGKXGë1G~GOVÆXJXOQG
I
.kak'
:RG\U.K
ZwIwXXLXNKJPDMNDNJQGIRNOGKAFRROGRZQSHULRG NDIND
kE'æ uu meÿf¾ jdäfjkafka kE'˜
M7KGJIGDUGHN6wIROODVIKNMGxNVDPI\DLXNKJPDMNDNJ
,ndfok ld,h .kak mq¿jka" ke;akï" ? lEug miq Tng ;sfnk Tfí mqäu
lkak neßfjkjd'˜
y NUO\HLVÆXZMLNDM4~J%©2NGDXO\HLVÆXM\GXPL[LGMJODOUNDN
:RG\U.K
—ÿj Thd fyd| f;aÍula lr ;sfnkjd' oeka Thdg Thdf.a wdiu mqäu lkak
mq¿jka'˜
Tnf.a u;lhg'''
RUHMNDOYGZMRDÅIKD]NH\H=KNDNIDUHwHN6XJING\HOVXNVLGL\
OOVÆwP6YGMNDZGÅKLX©OJKTOUNDINDIOILDRKNDNZMIQGD2KODNHVNVLG
Tjqka ;=< fldamhla we;s fõ' fldamhg m;aùu hkq" orejka fndfyda l,lsÍfuka $
P6YGIMNDLViNQM7QJPMLNRUHMGIDOXI}RKKV
fuys§" Tn Tjqkag lE.eiqfjd;a fyda Tjqkag myr ÿkafkd;a" Tjqka jvd;a l,lsÍug yd
ìhg m;ajkq we;'
Sisterhen, L & Ann, P 2021, Temper Tantrums, National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved
from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544286/
Durrant, J 2016, Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting (fourth edition), Save the Children Sweden.
Retrieved from Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting PDEP (fourth edition) | Resource Centre
(savethechildren.net).
fldamhg m;aùu 8
22
igyka
igyka
fldamhg m;aùu 8
24
igyka
ISBN : 978-92-806-5109-6