we;=<a msgq

f.da,Sh Okjdoh ;=<

iudc m%cd;ka;%jdoh yd YS% ,xldj
oy wfÜ cd;lh
wdßhj;S,df.ka hefmk isß ,l
20/=
mqj;am;la f,i ,shdmÈxÑ lrk ,È'
2010 Tlaf;dan¾ ck /,af,a fkdief,k y~ 27 jk ldKavh' 06 jk l,dmh

ckrd,a ysrf.g
md;d,fha iodpdrh t<s niS
hqOdêlrKh úiska ckrd,a ir;a f*dkafialdg kshu l< udi 30 l
isroËqjï ;Skaÿjg ckdêm;sjrhd úiska miq.sh 30 od w;aika l< laIKfhka
Tyq nkaOkd.dr .;fldg oËqjï l%shd;aul lsßu wdrïN l< nj jd¾;d jQ fmardfoksh iriú isiqyq
uykqjr
w;r" ta iïnkaOfhka ~~yrh~~ l< úuiqulg ms<s;=re ÿka jdudxYsl fmruqfKa
f,alï ,Skia ch;s,l lshd isáfha fï ;Skaÿj >d;lhdj >d;kh lsÍu u.ska

wdl%uKh lr;s
wmrdOhka ieÕùfï md;d, f,dalfha m%;sm;a;sh wdo¾Yhg .ekSula jk njh'

hqO yuqodjg WmlrK ñ,§ .ekSfï §
fgkav¾ mßmdáhg msáka ish nEkd f.a
yhsfldma iud.ug jdisjk whqßka l%shd
lf<ah hk fï oËqjï meñKùug fya;= jQ
fpdaokdj iïnkaOfhka woyia m<lrk
foaYmd,k úpdrlfhla fmkajd ÿkafka
fujka jQ fpdaokd j,g hqOh meje;s
jljdkqfõ § wdKavqj ms<s;=re ÿkafka
fgkav¾ mámdáh l%shdfõ
fkdfhdojkafka ±kqj;a l%shdud¾.hla
f,i hhs lshñka njhs' ~~'''''wdKavqfõ
j.lsjhq;af;da tod lsõfõ yuqodjg
WmlrK ñ,§ .ekSfï§ ´mka fgkav¾
j,g hkak nE lsh,' fudlo" tajd
imhk wh t,sorõ Wfkd;a ta whj
fldá ixúOdkfhka urkak bv ;sfhk
ksid lsh,' ±ka n,kak" fgkav¾
mámdá ke;a;ka taj .kak fjkafka
okak lshk whf.ka fka' b;sx ckrd,a
taj wrka ;sfhkafka ÿjf.kq hs
nEkf.kq hs' n,kak" wdKavqfõ tod
;¾lh wkq j fldÉpr f,dl=
mß;Hd.hlao Tyq lr,
yh jk msgqjg'''''''''''

tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd uKav, /iaùu

ckdêm;s ;u b,lal w;am;a lr.;a;d jdudxYsl úuqla;s fmruqK lshhs'

l jqre flfia lSj;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd uKav,fha 65 jk /iaùug iyNd.S miq.sh od isiqka y;r fofkl= w;awvx.=jg .ekSug tfrysj
jQ ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI ;uka f.da,Sh n,j;=ka g wjYH iudc wd¾Ól fmardfoksh úYaj úoHd, isiqka Èh;a l< ±jeka; Woaf>daIKh
mßj;¾;khka i|yd mshjr .ksñka isák nj ta;a;= .ekaùfï b,lal .;
jEhul fhfoñka tu b,lalh ch .ekSug iu;aj ;sfnk nj jdudxYsl úuqla;s
fmruqK lshd isà'

jdudxYsl úuqla;s fmruqfKa m%ldYh fufia lshhs ~~'''''tlai;a cd;Ska wu;ñka

ckdêm;s l< l:dj u.ska Tyq f.da,Sh n,j;=kaf.ka b,a,d isák ,oafoa fou<
fldá mrdch lsÍug WmldÍ jQ whqßkau rfÜ wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh i|yd o
ueoy;a jk f,i h'
tfia 2010 iema 23 od iuq¿j wu;ñka fyf;fï ;jÿrg;a lshd isáfha ;%ia;jd§
l%shdjka ksyË lr ±óug yd iduh;a" wdrlaIdj;a ;yjqre lsÍug yels jQfha
fndfyda cd;Hka;r ñ;=rkaf.a wdYS¾jdoh ,o ksid njh' fuh újD;ju ngysr
n,j;=ka f.a ñ;%;ajh m;d lrk ,o m%ldYhls''''~~
fï ksõfhdala .ukg Tyq ±jeka; ksfhdað; msßila iyNd.S lr.;a w;r" fou<
ksfhdað;hka o ie,lsh hq;= msßila úh' ta w;rg t'cd'm'fha uka;%Sjrfhl= j isg
miqj wdKavqjg we;=<;a jQ ckudOHfõÈhl= f,i m%isoaO Y%S rx.d o we;=,;a úh'
yh jk msgqjg'''''''''''
IMF fhka
uyskao g ;E.s
ie ma' 23 od tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uyd uKav,h wu;d uyskao rdcmlaI l:d l< Èk g
miq Èku cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqo, tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ ñ,shk 212'5 la jk Kh
uqo,la ,xldKavqj fj; uqod yer ;sfí' ta fvd,¾ ì,shk 2'6 Kfha miajeks fldgihs'
fï Kh jdßlh uqod yer we;af;a" cd;Hka;r kS;Skag yd m%ñ;Skag hg;aj l%shd lsÍfï
fldkafoaishg hg;aj muKla ,xldjg uQ,H wdOdr imhk f,i cd;Hka;r
kS;sfõ§kaf.a fldñifï ^International Commission of Jurists - ICJ & úfYaI
b,a,Su tfia ;sìh§ uh'
ICJ h cd;Hka;r n,j;=ka fj; iúia;r jd¾:djla iys;j b,a,d isáfha kS;s wdOdr
,eîug lsisu wjia:djlska f;drj fou< foaYmd,k isrlrejka r|jdf.k isàu

fld<U isx.mamQrelrKh lsÍu

fld <U k.rh isx.mamQrefõ
wdlD;shg wkqj cd;Hka;r k.rhla
lrkafka hhs wdKavqj lr we;s ksfõokh yd
ta wdY%s;j tys md,kh k.r iNdfjka rdcH
wdrlaIl wud;HdxYhg mejÍug mshjr
.ekSug hEu;a ^th úu,a ùrjxYf.a
wud;HdxYhg mjrk njg o jd¾;d ù we;'&
.ek jd¾;d ù ;sfí' fï iïnkaOfhka
woyia m, lrk foaYmd,k úpdrlhka
fmkajd fokafka fujka mshjrl m<uq
m%ÓM,h jkq we;af;a k.rfha fjfik ÿ.Ska
yd fma,s f.j,aj, fjfik wvq wdodhï
,nkakka o k.rfhka t,jd oud Tjqkaf.a
f.j,a fvdai¾ lrkq ,eîu nj h' fld<U
k.rh ~~msßis¥~~ k.rhla njg f.dv k.d
thg úfoia wdfhdaclhka yd m%N+
úYsIaGhka wdl¾Ykh lr .ekSu i|yd
tu mshjr wjYHj ;sfnk njo Tjqyq
fmkajd fo;s'
rks,a fyda Tyq kdhl;ajfha isák
tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh fyda fï lsisÿ
ie,eiaulg m%n, úreoaO;ajhla olajk
njla jd¾;d ù ke;' ;ukaf.a ie,eiau
jvd;a úYsIaG f,i;a" fõ.j;aj;a
l%shdfõ fhdojdf.k hk fyhska thg
iïnkaê;j u l%shdjg kef.k fï
jHdmD;s j,g úreoaaOj ke.S isáug
rks,a kdhl;ajhg wjYH;djhla ke;s
njo Tjqyq jeäÿrg;a fmkajd § ;sfí'
ms<sn| m%Yakh u;=lrk f,ihs' th fmkajd ÿkafka lsisÿ kvq úNd.hlska f;drj
8000 la muK fou< ;reKhka r|jd ;ndf.k isák nj;a" nd.fj,djg fuh
f,dalfha úYd,u nyqck r|jd ;nd .ekSu úh yels nj;a h'
tfia ù uq;a cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqo, udkj ysñlï j,g .re lrkafka ±hs wdKavqfjka
úuid ke;s w;r" th nÿ jHQyh yd uQ,H wxYh m%;sixúOdkh lrk njg wdKavqj
ÿka fmdfrdkaÿj i;H nj ms<sf.k ;sfí'
ta wkqj IMF h lshd we;af;a ~~'''fï ish¨ m%;sixúOdkhka ie,iqï lr we;s whqre
l%shdjg ,kafka kï Tjqka ^tkï ,xldfõ md,lhka& n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk whqre uQ,H
ia:djrfha m%udKj;a j¾Okhla yd wjidk jYfhka wd¾Ól j¾Ok wfmalaIdjka o
<Õdlr .ekSug yels jk''''~~ njhs'
fï w;r foaYmd,k úpdrlhka w;r idlÉPdjg .efkñka ;sfnk w¨;au jd¾;dj ù
;sfnkafka Y%S ,xldj ms<sn| f;dr;=re imhk f,i tlai;a ckmoh" bxÈhdfjka
b,a,Sula lr ;sîu .ek h' tu jd¾;d fmkajkafka fou< fldá ixúOdkfha ñ,sgß
mrdchka iuÕ bÈßhg meñKs l%shdjka iïnkaOj;a" ,xldfõ úfoia iïnkaO;d yd
jHjia:d ixfYdaOk iïnkaOfhka bxÈhdkq wdKavqfõ u;h l=ula ±hs weußld rdcH
fomd¾;fïka;=j n,d isák njh'

W;=f¾ hqo wkd:hka jyd ish .ïìïj, mÈxÑ lrõ !

 2 Tlaf;dan¾ 2010
~~oojila uu b¢lgq mSßish /f.k tk
úg ìu jegqkd' ~~f;df. weia fmdÜg
fj,do@~~ lshñka ndnf.a fkdakd ug myr wdßhj;S,df.ka
hefmk
ÿkakd' miqj b¢lgqjlska uf.a weyeg wkskk
a
ye÷jd' uu weia jid.;a úg bÈlgqjlska
k<,g wekakd' ta b¢lgqj ;ju;a k<f,a
;sfhkjd'~~

isß ,l
fï ;syf.dv L.P. wdßhj;S f.a ^45& yË'
mosxÑj isá lgqueá ksji jeiaig fia§ lvd
jefÜ hhs ìhg w¿;a f.hla idod .kak
.;a;= W;aidyh iïmQ¾Kfhka fnd|fj,d'
fi!È f.dia udi 5 lg miafia wuq;=u
;df,a frda.sfhla f,i wdomdk rcfha
frdayf,a we|la Wv - hlv weK 24 la yd
~~'''''cd;Hka;r uQ,H wruqof,a wdishdkq ksfhdað;hdg iyf,da,d b¢lgqjla YÍrfhka bj;a lsÍu i|yd jQ
WK wrf.k' '''''yeÈ, ;sfhkafka fld<U §'''''~~ pQá Wfoa f;dafia úfYaI ie;alula i|yd'
lk .uka ud iuÕ lSh' ~~'''fjkak nE' W!re WK" Ñl=ka .=kahd"
fvx.= yeu u<odkhlau tkafka msg rákafka~~ uu lSfjñ' fldfydu fï miq.sh i;s fol ;=k ;=< wms weyska
Wk;a fïl fydhkakg fjk jevla''''~~ pQá n, lf<ka frda.shd ÿgq jd¾;d' oEyska fkd±l iodld,sl ryia
isá fm!oa.,sl frdayf,a fodia;r yuqùug wms .sfhuq' ~~ñiag¾" fï f,i hg hk ;j fldÉpr foaj,a wrdì
f,fâ yeÈ,d ;sfhkafka fuhdg hs" whs'weï't*a' tflhs" weußldfjhs hk ,xldfõ .eyekqkag fjkjd o@ taâia
cd;Hka;r fldïmeKs ldrfhda álghs'''''" wfma wdrxÑfha yeáhg' we;=¿ iudc frda.j,ska ;ukaf.a i,a,d, j,g ,la fj,d yß i,a,s álla tlal nvq
fï WfKa frda. ,laIKh ;uhs uy ? cdfughs" oj,a fod,yghs yQ ;reK mq;a;= fír.kakd wruqKska" wrdì uqágq;a wrka ,iaikg we| me,|f.k ,xldjg
yË od, WK .kakjd'''' lkafka kE" fndkafka kE" l;d kE" ndn,d" uud,d" wfma .Ekq fldÉpr mdúÉÑ .shdu yeufoau yß-fï ta wh ys;k yeáhs'
iskd kE'''' r;=mdg ±lalu nfhka uryË §,d lE.ykjd''''' lrkjd o@ tajd ljodj;a ixLHd f,aLk
udlaiajdÈfhda oelaldu nfhka we|hg yexf.kjd''''~~ ~~'''''fïl f,i ;nd mqoa.,sl f;dr;=rla f,ij;a wms fïjd t<sorõ lrkafka ta whf.a wysxil
kslx yßhg c, NS;sldjla jf.a fka" fvdlag¾'''''~~ uu lSfjñ' t<shg tkafka kE' wvq.dfka ;ukaf.a wïud isysk lvdlmam,a lrkak kï fkdfjhs' ta
~~'''''ta jf.a fmkqkg" fïl yßhg udlaiajd§ NS;sldjla jf.a''''~~ wysxil ySk j,ska iqrf,dj ujk ,xldfõ
Tyq isky fiñka lerflk mqgqj fome;a;g meoaoù h' ~~'''''fi!LH g" ifyda o ßhgj;a " f.or ñks y dgj;a
lshkafka kE' lõo leu;s b,a,ka lkak' md,lfhda yd Wkaf.a .e;af;da iïnkaOj we;a;
weu;s ;=ud lshkafka fïl ;kslx fodaIhla lsh,hs' '''''yenehs t<sorõ lrkak;a tlal hs'
fuhd weâñÜ lrmq od merKs jfï jhil f,dlafld áll=;a fï ;rï wk;=re .ek bjla we;sj mjd
fydiamsg,a tlg weäñÜ lr, ;sfhkjd" ''''''í,â fm%I¾ lsh,d'''' wfma .eyekq rg hkafka wehs@
fï fofla iïnkaOhla we;ao lsh, mÍlaIK lrkak wms weï'wd¾'whs' 2008 jif¾ úfoaY fiajd kshqla;s ld¾hdxY
tlg ±kakqjd'''''~~ffjoHjrhd wjika jYfhka lSh' ,xldj lshkafka isx.mamr
Q ejla fkfuhs' 80] jd¾;dj,g wkqj" fi!Èfha fjfik Y%S ,dxlsl
lg;a jvd .ïj,s k a ieÿï,;a rgla ' Y%ñlhkaf.a ixLHdj o< jYfhka ydr,laI
wms jydu hQkshka maf,aia tfla iu iudc mlaI ld¾hd,g Èj kd.ßlfhd wvqhs' .eñfhda jeähs' .eñ mkia oyila muK fõ' fuhska ldka;djka
.sfha fï .ek f;dr;re ±k .ekSug yels fõ ±hs hk is;=ú,af,ks' ldka;dfjd jeähs' fï ldka;djka f.org m%udKh ksYaÑ;j jd¾;d fkdjqjo 70] lg
~~'''''hlfvda'''''" wmamg isß" Tlafldau ;sßyka fj,dfka' kdls yd ;ukaf.a .ug- jeäu jqfkd;a .fï jvd ldka;djka úh hq;= h' tkï o< jYfhka
fmdrj,a tfllaj;a kE fkao'''''@~~ pQá ud foi ne,Sh' yqÕ fofkl=f.a gjqug ú;rla wdj .sh wh' ;=k,
a laI myf,dia
jl .eiqkq fld÷ wegfm< boao .eyqjd fia fl<ska h' yerñá- pïmsld fiarisxy oyila muKj;a
u¨-Wr ish,a,u uq,a,l ;snqks' fjkod nv biairyg oud ysáh u;a m eka fndñka hd¿fjda iu. ldka ; djka úh
;siai ú;drK fuod ysáfha mmqj biairyg oud f.k h' fmkqu kkak;a;dr jk ;d;a;,d mjqf,a j.lSu hq ; = h'
.dïNSr h' yË .eUqre h' ~~'''''i'''fyda'''o'''r'''hd'''''" wms ÿkak orkafka ke;s úg wïfula ;ukaf.a orejka
weÜá yef,kak' ñksyd ys;kak we;s 18 ixfidaofkag wfma w;a
Wiaijkak' '''''ysf;a ;shdf.k we;s wms Wiaihs lsh,'''''~~ NdIdj o we;=¿ mjq, fjkqfjka .kak wka;u a jla 2008 jif¾ úfoaY fiajd kshqla;s ld¾hdxY
s ;Skÿ
r¿h' ~~'''''ufpda" wr irej mdlaIsl iuq¨fõ frÈ wmq,a,mq ;siaiho fïl' ~~wmsg Ôj;afjkak úÈyla kE' lkak jd¾;dj,g wkqj fi!È YS% ,dxlsl Y%ñlhka
fï'''''@~~ pQá uf.a lKg fl÷refõh' ~~'''''wfma l:djg uEkag fndkak j;a i,a,s kE' bvula f.hla úiska ,xldfõ wd¾Ólhg odhdo l< uqo,
t;ku pQ .shd' ´k kx ifydaorhd wy, n,kak jdiqf.ka" yod.kak tl ySkhla jf.a' wmsg ,xldfõ w;s úYd,h' th fjk;a úfoia rgj,ska ,nk
ke;a;x äõ f.ka' '''''wdishdfõ wdiap¾h rg ,xldj lrkj lsh, lrkak riaidjla kE' .dukaÜ j, jev úfoia ixl%du yd ii|kafka kï wxl 01 hhs
lsõjg" tal lrkafka wms' Tfya, okakjehs@'''''~~ wmamg fnd," äõ wmsg f;afrkafka kE - wudrehs' ,xldfõ lsh yel'
ifydorhfka@ ye;a;E wfÜ jHjia:djg tfrysj weka'weï' ,shQ f.j,aj, fufyldrlfï fhfokak nE-
úfõpkd;aul úYaf,aIK fmd; f.keú;a jdiq wmg fmkaùh' <uhskag wjkïnqhs' ta ksid rg .syska ´k fï id úYd, uqo,la ,xldfõ fjfik wms
~~jdudxYsl tlai;a ixOdkhu fufya fka`~~ ug ks;e;skau lsheúks' tlla' fjk fudkjd lrkako@''''~~ hehs fjkqfjka Wmhd fok Tjqkag wms olajk
fï kdhlhkaf.a tä;r lu .ek pQka jQ wms fofokd iqÿje,af,a úuihs' ie,ls,a, fln÷ o@ lsisÿ mk;la" kS;shla"
pkafø u,a,sf.a fmdÜ tflka v%Eïia y;rla oudf.k" idlal=fõ Í;shla ke;s ldka;djka ;=ka ,laIhlg;a
oud fmdä ù .sh pkaøisß .c§r ifydaorhd ÿka fldlsia lE,s ta;a wms ,xldfõ u.S m%jdyk nia r:hlg wêl msßila fjkqfjka ÿla .ekú,s" wmyiq;d
ál ym ymd kjd;ekg .sfhuq' ke.af.d;a yeu me;af;kau wefykafka fjku jd¾;d lsÍug fi!È ;dkdm;s ld¾hd,hg
wf|dakdjla' wkqhqla; iqnidOk ks,OdÍka .kk 03 ls' ta
Pkao úuik od wms md¾,sfïka;=jg .sfhuq' Wfoa fuka fkdj oj,a o msßñh' tfyõ rdcH wdh;khl ^úfoaY
jk úg merKs jfï kdhlhka isáfha lkiai,af,ks' ~~''''''wehs uf.a ore megõ wyig oE; È.= lrka fiajd kshlq ;
a s ld¾hdxYh& iNdm;sjrfhla jk
ifydaorhd@ fudloao m%Yafka'''''@~~ pQá m;auisß ifydaorhdf.ka lsxia,s rKjl uy;d fi!È .Dyfiaúldjkaf.a
weiS h ' ~~'''''wfma kdhlfhda ;= k a fokdgu álla wudrehs ' ''''~~ wïu ths lshd .ugu yË ;,hs jefrka
~~'''''lshkak ifydaorhd" wms ðúf;a Wk;a fokjd'''''~~ pQá l,n,fhks' iskak fjk bvu ug f.dv .kak nE lror .ek lshkafka ~~Th lshk ;rï ,sx.sl
b;ska ysxik wmsg jd¾;d ù kE'~~ hkqfjks' fudk
~~''''''wr fmdaßidoh wfma ifydaorjrekag t<shg hkak fokak tmd
lsh,d'''''~~ ~~'''''wms uql=;a f.akak ´ko'''''@~~ ~~Tõ meïmia hkak kqU .shd W.ig ore fifka wrka''''' .Ekso ;uka ú¢ ,ssx.sl ysxikhka" w;rjhka
folla ;=kla ´k lr,d ;sfhkjd' we|f.k wdmq meïmia f;;nß .ek ;ks msßñfhla tlal lshkafka' wiSrejg
fj,d' '''''±ka meh lShla o@ f,dlal n,k n,k .dfka uQ;%d wldreKsl wïfula' ;d;a;d kï u;= nqÿjk ysÕ=re jef,ka t,af,kakd jeksj u ñila'
hkj¨" ;=kafokdgu'''''~~ ~~'''''tfykx tod fldfyduo uy f,dl=jg iq¨ hs' orejka ujgu oE;a È.= lrhs-îu;a Bg;a fï ;dkdm;s ks,OdÍkag jvd wrdì
lE .eyeõjd lshkafka'''''@~~ uu ;rul flaka;sfhka weiqfjñ' ;d;a;df.a myr §ï j,ska" is;a ßoùï j,ska uud,d ^ksfjia ysñ wrdì ldka;djka& jqj;a
~~'''''tod jeäfj,djla ysáfh kE fka'''''' n,kak" ±ka meh lShla .e,ùug úh hq;h = ' bvu W.ia lf<a fudkjd fyd| hhs Tjqka is;kjd fkdwkqudk h'
.shdo'''''@~~ merKs jfï kdhlhka ,jd rg fírd .ekSug wmf.a ksid ±hs" lõ±hs lshd ke;'''' u;ameka î
fïia nekshï fol;a" wkavfjhd¾ fol;a mß;Hd. lsÍug tlÕ ujg orejkag ;,ñka" f.or nvq uqÜgq úfoaYSh fldïmeksj,g" úfoaYSh m%d.aOkhg
Wfka meïmia f.k taug t<shg hEug fkdyels jQ neúKs' ijia ye,s j ,x l= v q lrñka lE flda .ik ,xldj .s,.kak bv wer,d fldñia .yk
jk úg 18 jeks ixfYdaOkh 2$3 ka iïu; jQ nj lsheúks' jfï ;d;a;,d ksid kï mjq,aj, bvï W.ia fõ' wfma rfÜ foaYmd,lhkag ;j ;j;a ms,a,s
kdhlhska jl .eis fldßfvdaj Èf.a tñka isá;a' flfia fj;;a bvu W.iska fírd .ekSu .ykak wjYH iïm;a tl;= lr,d fok fï
^mjq,a rgdj imqrd mS;D uQ,sl jqjo& ujf.a msßi fjkqfjka" fi!È rcfhka md,kh jk
~~'''''fudlo Wfka" ifydaorhd'''''@~~ ~~'''''ifydaorjre ÿkak we÷ï
lE,s cruf¾g meïmia tl wiaig tnqjg" wr hld n,k n,k j.lSu h' weh tfia fkdlsÍu .ek wehg jOld.dr jeks l|jqre fjkqjg wfma ;dkdm;s
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fldg froao mqrd jelaflfrhs lshk nhg bfíu w;a biaiqkd'''''''' uõjre fuka weh o" ndn,df.a" uud,df.a uOHka:dkhla yokak neßo@ merisgfuda,a
' t;fldg wr hld n,k tl keje;a;=j ksid uQ;%d hEu kej;=kd''''~~ oreKq myr§ï j,g" ms<siaiSï j,g" w;a md fm;a;lg ,xldfõ uqo,ska remsh,a 150 la
;=kafokdu ìu n,df.k lshñka .uka lf<ah' miq Èk ud lvd ì| ±óug" iodld,sl wdndê; Ndjhg ú;r f.jkak fjk ksid tal fndkak nerej
jdudxYsl tlai;a ixOdkhg weu;=ula .;sñ' ~~'''''wr ydofhd ,la ù isákjd úh yels h' ta;a fï wmQre ÿla ú¢k fldg" ta fjkqfjka merisgfuda,a
;=kafokd wialrkjo'''''@~~ uu fláfhka weiqfjñ' ~~''''';ju tfyu ;d;a;dg wkqj kï" fn,a, .sh;a .eyeKsh fm;s álla" udisl Timaùï j,§ mdúÉÑ
;SrKhla wrf.k kE' ju wdrlaId lsÍu fjkqfjka w;s.re ckdêm;s ^wdishdfõ wdYap¾hfhka W.ia jQ& bvu lrkak ikSmdrlaIl ;=jd álla" fkdñf,a
;=udf.a u. fmkaùu hgf;a" t;=udf.a Wmfoia wkqj kj udÈ,sfha fírd .; hq;=h' ,nd fokak neßo@ ta whf.a jeisls,s m%Yak
meïmia l¾udka; Yd,djla ,xldfõ we;s lrkak weußldkq iud.ï ^jd¾;djk f,i ldka;djka 100 lg ;a jeä
,xldjg meñfKkak n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'''''~~ .S;h mqrdu uj nr wÈkjd uÈ hehs wehg msßilg tl jeisls,shls'&" kdkak myiqlï
u fodia lshhs' fï .Dy fiaúld /lshdj óg jvd i,ikak neßo@ wvqu jYfhka
~~'''''t;fldg wr jdiq lshjmq weka'weï'f.a fmd;''''@~~ ~~'''''xwd''' mqÿudldr jy,a jD;a;shla' lsisu mk;la" myrÈula" w;jr lsßula fyda fjk;a oreKq
tal wms ixfYdaOkh lrkjd'''''~~ ~~'''''ta fldfyduo'''''@~~ ~~'''''~merKs kS;shla - Í;shla kE' wvqu ;rfï lsisÿ jo ysxidjla .ek lshkfldg talg ijka
ju /l .ekSu i|yd meïmiaj, wjYH;djh 2010 iema;eïn¾ ks,OdÍ ;ka;h % la u.skja ;a Tjqka wdjrKhla fokakj;a iqnidOl ks,Odßkshka 15 la muK
ui wgjeks nqo Èk merKs jfï jHdmdrh wjfndaO lr .kakd ,nkafka kE' tlu wdjrKh ,xldfõ fhdodjkak neß o@ fkd±kqj;a lñka Idßhd
,§~ lsh,d'''''~~ ~~'''''fjß .=â'''''~~ wêrdcHjd§ fldïmeKsldrhkag
yeÿkq WK frda.h iyuq,skau w;s.re ckdêm;s ;=ud úiska yÈis lõre;a ;ukag fjk foa olskafka kE lshk kS;sfha f.dÿre njg m;ajkakka fjkqfjka
kS;s fr.=,dis hgf;a jeä ckaofhka md,kh l< nj f,ala yjqisfha udkisl wdjrK h ú;r hs' lg l;d óg jvd rdcH ;dka;%sl ueÈy;aùula lrkak
m;a;rhl i|yka ù ;snqks' yefokafka kE' tksid orejkag wjkïnqjla neßo@ fldákau lsõfjd;a ,xldfõ ldka;djka
kE' álla ÿla ú|,d yß" wvkaf;aÜgï yh jk msgqjg'''''''''''
Tlaf;dan¾ 2010
143" lsõ mdr" fld<U 02'
ÿrl;k( 011 2430621 *elaia( 011 2305963
Bfï,a( nssp.lk@gmail.com fjíwvúh( www.nssp.info
úl,amhla keoao@
u yskao rdcHh b;d oreKq f,i f.da,Sh Okjdofha iudc"
foaYmd,k yd od¾YKsl mokï u; ;ukaf.a ish¨ lghq;=
fõ.fhka isÿ lrñka hhs' isxy, fn!oaO c;sjdoh ;=< mj;sk
j¾.jd§ iajdNdjh" f.da,Sh Okjdofha mqoa.,jd§ ixl,amh iuÕ
mdykq ,eîu Tyqf.a wo ch.%yKh ù we;' th tfiau ms<s.ekSu
lrd f.da,h S n,j;=ka .uka lrkq fmfka' iuyr fou< uydpd¾h
jre fukau hQ'weka'mS'fha ,snr,a kdhlhka mjd fou< ck;djf.a
iajhxmd,kh ms<sn| m%Yakh úuqla;s fldá ixúOdkfha ñ,sgß
mrdcfhka miq h:d¾:hla fkdjk yqÿ wyfia mdfjk ixl,amhla
f,i neyer lrk ;;a;ajh u;= ù ;sfnkafka fï ;;a;ajh ;=<h'
fou< úuqla;sh f.da,Sh n,j;=kaf.a wkq.%yh u; mokï lrkq
,eîug úuql; a s fldá ixúOdkh fukau vhia fmdardfõ kdhlhkao
ixl,am ;,fha .;a;d jq ia:djrhkaf.a ;¾ldkql+, wjidkh fï
ù ;sfí' fï ieu wo uyskao rdcHh u.ska furg f.dú ìï
m%d.aOkfha wdêm;Hhg hg lsÍu yd nyqcd;sl iud.ïj,g;a"
f.da , S h uy Okj;= k a g ;a fia j djka yd úfkda o h imhk
uOHia:dkhla lr ,dn bmhSu i|yd ys; yodf.k ;sfí'
jfï kdhlfhda yd jD;a;Sh iñ;s kdhlfhda mx;s wr.,h w;ayer
ouñka iNd.jdoh Tiafia fï jHdmD;sfha Rcq mx.=ldrhska ù
isá;s'
ish,a, f.da,Sh Okjohgu wjfYdaIKh ù we;s fihla oDYHudk
ù ;sfí' ck;d úuqla;s fmruqfKa kdhlhka o" fy, Wreuho
tfiau fï m%jdyfha .idf.k hñka ;sfí'
kuq;a m<,a lïlre mx;sh yd f.dú ck;dj;a" ;reKhka yd
YsIHhska w;r;a wkd.;h ms<sn| úYd, úÑlsÉPdjla mj;sk njo
tfukau meyeÈ,s h' isÿfjñka hk foa .ek Tjqka wukdmfhka
uquqKñka isá;s' kuq;a ;ukaf.a ftkaøSh kdhlhka f.a mdjd§u
blaujd mshjrla .ekSug Tjqka ;ju;a wiu;a h' ta w;r ixúOdk
.; YsIHhka w;ßka igka weúf,ñka ;sfí' lïlre mx;sh w;r
ia:dk.; wiykhka me;sfrhs' remsh,a 2500 jegqma jeäùu yd
Ôjk wxl §ukdj ms<n s | m%Yk
a h Tjqka g wu;l lr ±óug uy;a
jQ w.ysÕ;d ksid bvla ke;' kd.ßl jeishka ;ukaf.a Wkayá s ;eka
wysñùfï ìfhka ;e;s.ekS isà' fou< ck;dj ;ukaf.a úkdY l<
ore mjq,a" foam, ms<sn|j idlaIs bÈßm;a lsßug ks¾NS;j LLRC h
fj; .,d wdfjda h' ;ukaf.a ke;sjQ orejka" ieñhka fidhd
.ekSfï wr.,h uõjre w;ayer oud ke;' ta ksid m<,a iudc
wiykh fld;ekska flfia mqmqrdo hkak .ek uyskao rdcHh ìh
je§ isà' ;ukaf.a meje;au /l isák idOlh ;uka yd fm,.eiS
isák fï ck;d n,fõ. j, kdhl;ajhka h' Tjqka yd my<
ckhd w;r úrilh ;ukaf.a Bkshd ixj¾Okfhka ú;ekafjk
ck;dj ;=<ska ´kEu fudfyd;l u;=úh yels nj Tyq okS' túg
;uka mokï ù isák fï iu;=,s;;djh ìojefgk nj o Tyq okS'
u¾Ok kS;s" ksrka;rj fmd,sia yd yuqod Ng msßia ùÈ ixpdrh
lrùu yd ±jeka; wdrlaIl úhoï wkqu; lr .ekSu miqmi
;sfnkafka fï ìhhs'
wo fï f>dr;r ixj¾Okfhka ú;eka fjk yd ksrka;r oßø;djhg
m;ajk lïlre mx;sh m%uL q ck;djka wduka;K% h lsßug udj;la
;sìh hq;=h' fï Èkj, /iajk iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ jHdmdrhla
f.dvke.Sfï bÈß o¾Ykh t,a, lr.;a idlÉPdjo fuys §
jeo.;a jkafka h' tys taldrdYS jk msßia w;r fï ixj¾Ok
m%jdyhg wjfYdaIKh ùu m%;slafIam lrk yd thg tfrysj
ck;dj wduka;K % h lsÍug iQodkï lïlre kdhlhka" jdudxYslhka
yd nqoaêu;=kao isák nj fmfka' isÿfjñka hk m%cd;ka;%jdofha
Ldokh yd ck;djf.a wOHd;añl úkdYh .ek lïmkhg m;a
tlai;a cd;sl mlaIhg iïnkaOlï we;s nqoaêu;=kao ta w;r
fj;s'
tjeks iudc m%cd;ka;j
% d§ jHdmdrhlg yqÿ ,snr,ajd§ m%cd;ka;j
% d§ka
f,i muKla fkdj lïlre mx;sfha" f.dúhkaf.a yd fou<
ck;djf.a ;a whs;sjdislï wduka;%Kh lsÍug yels jHdmdrhla
ùfï úNjhla ;sìh hq;=h'
ta wkqj" taldêm;s jHjia:dj wfydais lsÍu" ckrd,a f*dkafiald
fukau fou< foaYmd,k isrlrejka ksoyia lr .ekSu" lïlre
mx;sfha jegqma b,a,Sï yd fiajd b,a,Sï ch.ekaùu" f.dúhdf.a yd
iq¿ ksIm
a dolhkaf.a ksIma dokhkag kshñ; ñ,la yd fjf<|fmd,la
iy;sl lrjd .ekSu" w;HdjYH mdßfNda.sl NdKav j,g wju
md,k ñ,la we;s lr .ekSu" ;reK ;reKshkag /lshd
iqrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍu wd§ m%Yak uq,alr.;a igkamdG u;
m,,a idlÉPd" iïuka;K % " Woaf>daIK u.ska kdhl;ajhla wysñj
isák lïms; ck;dj wduka;%Kh lsÍug mshjr .; yels h'
f.da,Sh Okjdofha ,dn fld,a,hg tlaù isák uyskao rdcHfha
ixj¾Ok ms<sfj; g wNsfhda. l< yels" ta u.ska m%cd;ka;%jdoh
i|yd ienE Woaf>daIKhla l< yels úl,am jev ms<sfj,la
bÈßm;a lsÍug fujka jQ iudc m%cd;ka;%jd§ m%jdyhlg úYd,
bvla mj;S' wjYH jkafka u¾Ok kS;s yd wOHd;añl úkdYh;a"
uyskaof.a ixj¾Ok Wmdh;a w;r we;s Rcq" fjka l< fkdyels
iïnkaOh újD;ju mss<s.ekSuhs'
3
f.da,h
S Okjdoh ;=<
iudc m%cd;ka;j
% doh yd YS% ,xldj
w o wms cSj;a jkafka Okjdofha ;=kajk wjêh
fyj;a f.da,Sh Okjdoh ;=<h'' fuu wjêh
ms,sn| lsishï wjfndaOhla we;slr .ekSug
ft;sydisl oDIaÀm:hla wjYH fõ' õ' ta wkqj
fuu ,smsh ;=< Okjdofha m%:u yd fojk
wjê ;rula ,qqyqçka idlÉPd flfrk w;r"
f;jk wjêh fyj;a f.da,Sh Okjdoh ms<sn|j
iúia;rd;aulj úNd. flf¾'' bka wk;=rej
wms iudc m%cd;ka;%jdoh yd Y%S ,xldj flfrys
wjOdkh fhduqlruq'
Okjdofha m% : u wjêh
jevjiï iudc l%uh ;=< ìysjq fjf<ka|ka
Okm;s l%ufha mqfrda.dóyQ fj;s' m%n, od¾Yksl
u;hla fkdue;sj kuq;a Tjqyq ;u bÈß .ukg
ndOlhla jQ tf;la mej;s jevjiï iudc
wd¾Ól rgdj l%ufhka fjkia l<y'' Okjd§
l%uh Yla;su;a f,i ;yjqre lrkafka fjf<kaoka
yryd ìys jQ ld¾ñl Okm;s mx;sh úisks'
fjf<|fmdf,a wkqyi;a" th yiqrejk
woDYHudk yia;h ms<sn|j;a kj;u ú.%yhla
wevïia iañ;a bÈßm;a lf<a bka wk;=rejh''
;u jdis h ;ldu l% s h d;a u l jk ñks i d
iajNdjfhkau wd;aud¾:ldó hk fydíiaf.a
woyi u; Okjdohg od¾Yksl mokula ,nd
§ug fï wkqj iañ;a iu;a úh'' ñksia iajNdjh
fjkia l< fkdyels neúka mqoa.,hska i|yd
jq iajd¾:h Èß.ekaùfuka iudc ;;ajh fjkia
lsÍu ;=< wd¾Ól ixj¾Okh we;s jkjdh
hk woyig fï wkqj j,x.=;djhla ,enqK's
fus miqìu ;=< Okjdoh l%ufhka j¾Okh ù
jevjiï ks I a m dok rgdj iïmq ¾ Kfhka u
ì|jeàu;a iu. w¾O jy,a Ndjfhka ñÿKq
hqfrdamSh ñksid ksoyia fjf<|fmd<l .Kqfokq
lrefjla njg m;aúh' iq,q ksIamdolhskaf.ka
iukaú; jq fuu fjf<|fmd, lsishï
m%cd;ka;%jd§ mokulska ls%hd;aul jQ w;r
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úh' tfy;a w;suy;a nyq;rh È<ska|ka njg
m;al< fuu l%uhg jeä l,a fkdf.diau
wNsfhda. t,a, jQ nj fmfka' iqNidOk rdcH
ms < s n | woyi u;= j ka f ka ñka wk;= r ejhs '
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wjfndaOhla ;snfKa ù kuq;a ñksidf.a iajNdjh
ms<sn| iañ;af.a o¾Ykhg wkqj fjf<|fmd<
ish,a,kag idOdrKh bgqlrkq we;ehs lsheúk'
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;shqKq f,i úpdrhg yiqlf<ah' tmuKla o
fkdj Okjd§ l% u h ;= < ñks i d ;u jdis
;ld yUd hk l%Er i;ajfhla njg m;alr
we;s nj;a udkj iajNdjh thg mriamr nj;a
Tyq fmkajd ÿkafkah'
Okjdofha fojeks wjOs h
flfia kuq ; a ia ñ ;a wfma l a I d l< mßÈ
m% d .a O kfha kHduhka g wkq j u ;r.ldÍ
fjf<|fmd, wd¾Ólh jeä ld,hla mej;sfha
ke;'' uydmßudK ksIa mdok wdh;k úiska
l=vd mßudK ksIamdok wdh;k l%udkql+,j
.s, .ekSu wdrïN úh'' bka wk;=rej ksIamdok
m%d.aOkh iu. nexl= m%d.aOkh iïnkaO jk
nj olakg ,efí' NdKav fjkqjg m%d.aOk
w m k h k h ñ k a m i q w d r ï N j k w ;r "
wjidkfha taldêldrhka ìysfõ' fuu
taldêldrhkaf.a fufyhùu hgf;a fnod.;a
fjf<| fmd<j,a kej; fnod.ekSug Tjqfkdjqka
w;r .egqï we;slr .kakd ,È' m<uqfjks
f,dal ix.%du fol fuhg WodyrKfhda fj;s'
jevjiïjdoh msi fkd±uQ reishdfõ OfkaYajr
úma,hg kdhl;ajh §ug trg lïlre mx;sh
m%uqL f.dú ck;djg isÿjkafka;a" hqfrdamSh
is o a ê hl wdrïNh f,i iudcjd§ úma , jh
i|yd mshjrla bÈßhg ;eîug f,kskag n,
flfrkafka;a fuu ;;= hgf;ah' flfia kuq;a
reis h dfõ úma , jh ms < s n | idlÉPd ls Í ug
fuh wjia:dj fkdjk fyhska fuu miqìu
fya;=fldgf.k f,kskaf.aka miq reishdfõ n,h
iudcjdofha f,an,h w,jd.;a fidr uq,la
w;g m;a jQ nj muKla i|yka lsÍu m%udKj;a
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f,dalfha bÈß .uk wekyssàfï wjidk m%;sM,h
jQfha f,dalh ika;%dihg m;a l< cßuksfha
uq¾. *eisiaÜjdoh ìysùu;a ta yryd fojk
f,dal ix.%duh wdrïN ùu;a h'' fuu hqoaOfha§
udkj j¾.hd úiska tf;la fidhd.kq ,enq
úoHdfõ oekq ï iïNdrh fhdod.kq ,enq f ha
wdpd¾h úl%undyq lreKdr;ak
W;= ï jQ ukq I H;a j hg
t f r y s j h' ú o H d f õ
oekq u yryd ;d¾ls l
jk ñksid hqla;sfha yd
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iqrmqr f.dvk.kq
we;ehs hk kq;k;ajfha
me;= u fufia fnd|ùu
od¾Yksl f,dalh uy;a
lïmkhg m;a lf<ah'
we,an¾Ü whskaiaghska" n¾g%ï ri,a jeks úh;=ka
mjd iudcjd§ js i ÷ula wfma l a I d lf<a
tfyhsk's Okjdofha fojeks wjêh ksudjg
m;a jka f ka fï id ñks i a yd foa f md,
ixydrhla iu.ska nj wm jgyd.; hq;=h'
Okjdofha f;jk wjêh
úkdY lrk ,o f,da l h ;uka úis k a u
f.dvfkdk.kafka kï ;ukag o meje;aula
ke;s nj jgyd.;a wêrdcHjd§ n,j;=ka ta
i|yd uq,sl mshjrhka lsysmhla .kq ,eîh''
fn%Ükajqâ iïuq;sh yryd cd;Hdka;r uq,H
wruq o , yd f,da l nexl= j hk wdh;k
msysgqjkq ,nkafka ta wkqjh'' fcdaka fukdâ
flakaiaf.a ixl,am u; fïjd ìys jq neúka
Tyqf.a ksjqka orejka f,i tajd ye|skafõ'
ckdêm;s rEiafj,aÜf.a ióm;u
WmfoaYlfhl= jQ yeÍ fvlaiagia ghsÜf.a
woyia o tajd msysgqùu flfrys n,mEfõ h''
fuu wdh;k msysgqùfï oS tajdg mejreKq
ld¾hhka jq f ha kej; .egq ï we;s ù u
j,lajd,Sug" m%;sia:dmkh yd ixj¾Okh
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f.jqïfYaI m%Yak iukh lsÍu;a h'' wdKavq
yS wd¾:sluh ;SrKhka flfrys fyda cd;sl
m%;sm;a;Ska flfrys ueosy;aùug tajdg n,hla
fkdùh'' by; i|yka l< wdldrhg ngysr
rdcHj, 1930 .Kka jk úg iq N idOk
rdcHh ìys ù ;s n Q f Ka ù kuq ; a hq o a O h
fya;=fldgf.k tys me;sÍug ndOd meñKS
;snqK's mYapd;a hqO iufha l<hq;= jQ uQ,sl
l¾;jHhka jQ f ha ta j d kej; ls % h d;a u l
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mK .ekaùuhS' fuh isÿ lrk ,oafoa udI,a
ie,eiau ;=<sks' ta wkqj hqfrdamfha m%Odk
;u fjf<| md¾Yjlrejd njg hqoaOfhka
ydkshla isÿ fkdjQ f,dalfha m%n,u wd¾:slh
ysñ wefußld tlai;a ckmoh m;alr .kakd
,os' weußldfõ kdhl;ajh hgf;a ish¨u
wêrdcHhka tlÕ;ajhla we;sj Okjdofha
;=kajk ld¾;=j wdrïN jkafka fï
wdldrhgh'' fuu jevms<sfj, f,dal wd¾:sl
W;amd;hla we;s lsÍug fya;= úh' hg;a
úð;jdohg tfrysj ksoyi ,nd.;a rgj,
iqNidOk rdcHhka we;s lsÍug ;rï fuu
W;amd;h bjy,a úh'' iuia;hla jYfhka
.;a l< f,dalh b;d m%.;sYS,S kHdh m;%hla
ms<sf.k ;snqKq njla fmfkkakg ;snqK's
ta wkqj W!k ixj¾ê; rgj, jug nr
ueoudj; iajdëk .ukla Èiajkakg úh'
Bðma;=fõ kid¾ f.a isg ieïìhdfõ flk;a
ljqkavd" nqreufha fkaúka yryd tu rgj,
kdhlhska ckms%h cd;sljdoh ;=<ska n,hg
meñfkkafka fuu miqìu ; = < h'
tia'ví'wd¾'ã' nKavdrkdhl f.a
kdhl;ajfhka YS% ,xldj ;=< wm w;aÿgqfõ
o fuu i;Hhhs'
flfia kuq;a 1970 .Kka j, uq,aNd.h jk
úg f,dal OfkaYajrfha wj.ukh;a iuÕ
rdcH iq N idOkh wfyda i s ls Í fï uq , s l
mshjrhka .ekSug fuu rgj, md,lhskag
isÿ úh'' tfy;a ixl%uKsh ld, mßÉfþoh
;= < fuu md,k ;ka ; % h ka f .a foa Y md,k
pdß;dx.hka meyeos<s fkdùh' tfyhska ;u
kdhlhska m%.;sYs,S kHdh m;%hlg wkqj
lghq;= lrkq we;ehs Tjqkaf.a my,
wkq.dñlfhda l,amkd l<y'' tlai;a cd;sl
mlaIh yd Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh tlsfklg
fjkia iudc wd¾Ól m% ; s m ;a ; s folla
fjkqfjka fmkS isák nj wmg tod fmkqfka
tu ksidh'
,nk l,dmhg'''''''''

fy .,a fujka jQ od¾YKsl m%ia;+;hla
bÈßm;a lr ;sfí' ~~hqla;s iy.; foh
ieneúka mj;afkao ieneúka mj;akd foh
hqla;siy.;o fõ'~~ fï m%ia;+;h tod
iudchg l< n,mEu .ek i|yka lrk
tx.,aia mjikafka fy.,af.a fï m%ldYh
;rï ÿrÈ. fkdolakd wdKavq
md,lhkaf.a wukaodkkaohg;a" tfukau
ÿr È. fkdola k d ,s n r,a j d§ka f .a
ffjrhg;a ,la jQ fjk;a od¾Yksl
m%ia;+;hla fkdue;s njh'
tfukau Tyq fmkajd fokafka fï u.ska
ish¨ foh ta mj;akd f,iskua Y=oO
a ;ajhg
m;a lsÍulao ys;j
= laldr md,kh" fmd,sia
rdcHh" w;a;fkdau;sl hqla;s O¾uh yd
jdrKh hk fïjdg msß keuQ od¾Yksl
wdYS¾jdohla o ùu m%;HlaI njh' tod
m%ishdkq md,lhdj isá ;=kajk f*%âßla
ú,shï rc th f;areï .kak we;af;a o
tfia úh hq;=h' Tyqf.a jeishka o tfiau
f;areï .;a;d ksielh' kuq;a fy.,ag
wkqj mj;akd ish,a, th iïnkaO ù
mj;akd iuia;fhka fjka lr .ekSfuka
miq lsisfia;au h:d¾;j;a jkafka ke;'
tx.,aia fmkajd fok whqre h:d¾;h
kue;s .=Kh wvx.= jkafka wjYH o
jkakd jQ fofhys muKlah' ~~iajlSh
j¾Okfha § h:d¾;h ;ud wjYH nj
Tmamq lrhs~~ fï iïnkaOfhka tx.,aia
jeäÿrg;a fmkajd fokafka tod meje;s
m%ih s dkq rdcHh" rdcH iïnkaOfhka fh¥
l,ays fy.,shdkq m%i; a ;
+ fhys tlu w¾:h
jkafka o thu njh' Tyq fufia lshhs'
~~'''''wjYH;dla ÿrg fuu rdcHh
h:d¾;j;ao" hqla;shg wkqrEmo jkafka
h' ;jo wmg ÿIag f,i fmkS hk w;ru
wdKavj q ;udf.a ta ÿIag iajrEmh fkd;ld
meje;S f.k hkafka kï wdKavqfõ ÿIag
iajrEmh tys jeishkaf.a Bg wkqrEm jQ
ÿIag iajrEmh úiska hqla;siy.; o
meyeÈ,s o flfrhs' tod m%ishdkqkag
;snqfKa Tjqkag WÑ; jQ wdKavqjhs' '''''~~
wk;=rej fyf;fï fy.,shdkq moaO;sfha
iuia;h ;=<g nyd fï m%ia;+;h w¾:
.kajhs' ta fufiah' ~~''''fy.,ag wkqj
h:d¾;h hkq idudðl fyda foaYmd,k
jQ ´kEu fok ,o ;;a;ajhlg iEu
mßirhl § u;a" iEu ld,hl§ u;a
fhfokakd jQ .=Khla fkdfõ' h:d
;;a;ajh Bg m%;súreoaO h' frdaudkq ck
rch h:d¾;j;a úh' tfy;a th ;=rka
fldg ta fjkqjg meñKs frdaudkq wêrdcH
o tfiau h:d¾;j;a úh' 1789 § m%%xY
rdcdKavq l%uh flf;la wh:d¾;j;a ù
o" tkï tys il, úO wjYH;dj flf;la
;=rka ù f.dia ;snfq Ka o" fldf;la whql;
a s
iy.;j meje;af;a o lsh; fyd;a fy.,au
ks;r w;Hka; Woafhda.fhka hq;=j l:d
lrk m%xY uyd úma,jh úiska th wfydais
fldg ±ñh hq;= úh' ;;= tfia fyhska
fuys § rdcdKavq l%uh h:d¾;j;a fkdjQ
w;r" úma,jh h:d¾;j;a úh' fufia
j¾Okfha .uka ud¾.h ;=<§ fmr
h:d¾;j;a jQ ish,a, wh:d¾;j;a fjhs'
tkï tajdfhys wjYH;dj o mej;Sug
we;s whs;sh o hqla;shqla; Ndjh o ke;s
ù hhs' Ôj;a ùfï Yla;sfhka hq;= kj
h:d¾;hla - ueÍ hk h:d¾;h
wr.,hlska f;drj ure fj; hEug ;rï
nqoaêu;a jkafka kï iduldój o tfia
ke;sj fï kj wjYH;djg úfrdaOh
mdkafka kï n,y;aldrfhka o - ueÍ
hk h:d¾;fha ;ek .kS' fï whqßka
fy.,shdkq wfmdaylh u u.ska fy.,shdkq
m%i;a ;
+ h tys m%;m
s ;aIh lrd mßj¾;kh
fjhs' '''' mj;akd ish,a, u úkdY ùug
WÑ; fõ'''''~~
±ka 18 jk jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh meñK
;sfí' th h:d¾;h h' ta ksid th
hq;alsiy.;o fõ' fuh hqla;s iy.;
jkafka th iïnkaO ù we;s wfkla
idOlhka iuÕ h' m<uq fldg th fou<
úuqla;s wr.,hg tfrysj Èh;a l<
hqoaOfha iycd;l orejd ùfuks' fï
ixfYdaOkh .| .yk nj" ÿIaG nj"
taldêm;s fmd,sia rdcHlg fodr újr
lsÍula nj" ÿgqjka mjd ìh.kajkakla
nj" w;a;fkdau;sl kS;sh yd hqla;sh
l%shdjg ,Sfï ffk;sl wdjrKhla nj
.ek ,snr,ajd§ fyjke,s j,ska fl¢ß,s
kef.a' fudjqka w;r we;af;a kS;S{hka"
l,dlrejka" udOHfõ§ka" úYajúoHd,
4 Tlaf;dan¾ 2010
wdpd¾h jreka jeks w;f,diails' kuq;a
fï Woúhf.ka o nyq;rhla tod hqO
l%shdud¾.hla u.ska fou< ck;djf.a
wú n,h is£fï Rcq mx.=ldrhka h' wo
o Tjqka ta mx.=j .ek wdvïnrfhka
fodv;s' tfia fodvk .uka ~~18~~ g
úreoaOj fõokdfjka flÈß .dkafka fudav
lugo@ ke;skï ;ud odhl ù fmdaIKh
l, hqO hlaIhd Wmka.uka l%hs djg nysk
hla megfjl= cd;l lsÍu .ek l,n,
jkafka wehs@ fudjqka hld hla meáhl=
yer mQia megjl= cd;l lrdú hehs is;j
= d
kï ta fudk mokula u;o@
18 jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh tkafka 17 jeks
ixfYdaOkh wo h:d¾;j;a fkdjk ksid
h' th h:d¾;j;a fkdjkafka fou<
kscìu wú n,fhka hg;a lsÍu;a iuÕ
tys idrj;a N+ñ m%foaY ixflakaøkh jQ
f.da,Sh m%d.aOkfha ovìula njg m;a
lsÍfï wd¾Ól ie,iqï j,g fkdiEfyk
ksidh' ^tys Èh;a jkafka m%d:ñl m%d.aOk
ixflakaøKfha jeo.;a u wx.hla jQ 18
jk yd 19 jk ishjia j,§ weußldkq
f.da;%sl ckhdf.a N+ñ" TiafÜ%,shdfõ
f.da;%slhkaf.a N+ñ" Tjqkaf.a rka" ߧ"
;U wd§ jákd f,day fld,a,lEfï
hqfrdamSh md,lhkaf.a jevms<sfj, uh'
tod" fmrlS f.da;%sl ck;dj m%d:ñ;
m%d.aOk ixflakøa Kh fjkqfjka" ;ukaf.a
idrj;a N+ñ j,ska msguxlr ksire ìï
lvj,a j, tl f.dfâ .d,a lrkq ,eìKs'
thg tfrys j igka jeÈ kdhlhka yd
msßia kskaod iy.; hqO Wmdhhka u.ska
mjq,a msáka >d;kh lr ouk ,§' wirK
jQ b;=reì;=re f.da;l
s% hka wdydr ysÕlñka"
jix.; frda.j,ska oi oyia .Kkska
ñh .shy' ke;skï hqfrdamShhka i;= jQ
;ukaf.a u fl;a j;= j, jy¨ka njg
m;a jQy'& f.da,hS Okjdofha w¾nQoh ;=<
kQ;k f.da,Sh m%d.aOk ixflakaøKh
bÈßhg f.k hEu i|yd f,dj mqrd
b;sßj mj;sk iajhxfmdaI; s .eñ wd¾Ól
N+ñ wE|d .ekSu wjYH ù ;sfí' foaYmd,k
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úuqla;s wr.,h ;,d ±ófï f;areuo
thhs' 18 g úreoaO;ajh mdñka uq;a lõre
ljqre;a Woaodufhka fodvk uyskao
rdcHfha ±jeka; ixj¾Ok ie,eiafï yrh
thhs' fujeks ie,eiaul § 17 jk
ixfYdaOkh lsisfia;a .e,fmkafka ke;'
Th lshk ue;sjrK fldñika" fmd,sia
fldñika" rdcH fiajd fldñika" wêlrK
fldñika ;ukaf.a ld,;=jlal= iú l,
keõj, mgjd f.k .shd kï weußldfõ"
ke;skï TiafÜ%,shdfõ fyda wm%sldfõ
hqfrdamh
S hkag tod l< lS foa l< fkdyels
h' Tjqkfa .a tacka;hd f,i ta foau lsÍug
hk uyskaog ´jd lr .idf.k hk
f,i lSu ta ksid uq¨uKsku a wh:d¾:j;a
h'
±ka fï wdhqO u.ska l< hqoaOh ksid
úkdY jQfha fou<df.a wkkH;djhhs"
meje;auhs' hqOfha hlaIhd ta ck;djf.a
orejka" .eyeKqka" wú fkdorkakka hk
lsijs la fkdn,d oyia .Kkska urdf.k
urdf.k .sfha h' nxl¾ o" f.j,a
fodrj,a o" mdi,a o" biamsß;d, o hhs
fkd;ld ish,a, iu;,d lrf.k .sfha
h' fï úkdYh wjidk jYfhka ixfla;j;a
jQfha tys kdhlhka o Tjqkfa .a wUq orejkao
ysia fmdälr urd ±ófuks' isxy, rdcH
md,kh ;=< fou<df.a wkd.; brKu
ixfla;j;a lf<a fï u<ñkS jglrf.k
lsßn;a lEfuks' wo ~~18~~ .ek lkafl¢ß
.dkakka fndfyduhla o tod hqOu;ska
nuk ysiska hq;=j me;a; jeà újD;j
ke;;a há ys;ska fyda hqO hlaIhdg
§.dhq me;+ nj fkdokafka lõo@
fudjqka ±ka úu;shg m;aj isákafka fï
hld" megõ cd;l lrkakg mgka .ekSu
ksid h' cd;l lrk meáhd Wmka .uka
jevg nysk ksid h' fï cd;l l¾ufha
úkakUq wïudf.a yd iQ;l s d.drfha lghq;=
ksis jev fn§ulska flßKs' tfia fkdjqkd
kï je¥ f.hsu megjd uefrkakg bv
q 's fuys Consultant fodia;r f.da,h
;snK S fudfyd;l ñksiqka .egqug meñKSug
Okjdohhs" uyskao jdÜgqj senior house
officer úh' úkakUq wïud jQfha iu
iudc-fldñhqki s Ü
a kdhlhka yd jD;a;h S
iñ;s kdhlhka h' hldf.a fydksuQka
.ukg hdk jdyk imhd fydag,a
ldurfha ì,o f.jQ
cúfm kdhlfhda rK;a l=udrisxy
fï cd;l flrefKa
wjcd;lfhla hehs wo ueisú,s k.hs'
kuq;a ta l;d ms<.s kakd ;;a;j
a hla ke;'
ta w;r" fï hlaI meáhdg fodiaur q k.k
jqkua W! lrkak hk foa .ek úreoaO;ajh
fkdmdhs' Tyq lrkak hkafka ~~hqoaOh
bjrhs" ±ka rg youq~~ hk fï lõre;a
tlÕ wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;sh l%shdjg ±ófï
§ meñfKk ndOl bj;a lsÍu h' ±ka
uyskoa Èh;a lr we;s wd¾Ól m%;m s ;a;hs g
úreoaOj yËla k.kafka lõo@ hQwekamh S mx;s iyfhda.s;djfha foaYmd,khhs'
úreoaO fï ixj¾Okfha § mqoa.,hkag
,efnk m%;s,dN wdKavqfõ Wkau ,nk
ksid h' ¥IK .ek k.k yfå f;areu
ta h' ta ;=< w¾nQohla we;af;a;a ta ksidh'
rks,a g fï m%;,s dN .ek t;rï yÈiaih s la
ke;' ;ukag l< fkdyels jQ l¾;jHhka
uyskoa lrf.k hk ksid Tyq iyfhda.h
fohs' jefâg w;a;sjdru uyskao ,jd
oïujd .;a;dg miq tys ish¨ wmjdo
Tyq lrd ths' túg uyskoa " ~~18~~ ;a iuÕu
wh:d¾;j;a jk úg ;uka h:d¾;j;a ù
iekis,af,a bÈßhg hEu Tyqf.a ie,eiau
úh hq;= h' jfï kdhlhka fï wd¾Ól
jevms<sfj,g tlÕ h' jD;a;Sh iñ;s
kdhlhka tlÕ h' fld;rï tlÕ o
lshkjd kï wdKavqjg wmyiq;djhla
fõ fodahs ìfhka 2500$- jegqma jeäùu
.ekj;a Yla ; s u ;a Woa f >da I Khla
fkdlr;s' .eñ ;reK yd YsIHhka f.a
/äl,a n,fõ.fha kdhl;ajh hs lshk
cúfm o tlÕh'
l=ulgo@ isx.mamQre mkakhg fiajdjka
yd cdjdrï uq,a l< ixj¾Ok ie,eiaula
Èh;a lsÍug h' .eñ iajhxfmdaI; s wdydr
ksIamdokh lvdlmam,a lr tajd bvï
hdhj,a f,i jdKsclrKhg ,la lsÍu
u.ska wmkhk iQlaIau j.djkag fhduq
lsÍugh' ta ioZyd W;=r-kef.kysr muKla
fkdj ol=fKao ±jeka; há;, myiqlï
bÈflfrhs' fiajd wxY yd cdjdrï wxY
i|yd úYd, f,i úfoaYSh yd foaYSh
m%d.aOk iïm;a fhduq flf¾' ta wkqj
.ïìï hglrf.k" c,jyk moaO;Ska
úkdY lrf.k uyux bÈfjhs' ksoyia
fi!LH fiajh" wOHdmkh ksfIaO lrñka
fm!oa.,sl wdfrda.HYd,d yd bx.%i S s udOH
mqoa.,sl mdi,a ìysfjhs' mqoa.,sl úYaj
úoHd, wef¾' úfoia mqo.a ,sl úYaj úoHd,
^fïjdfha wOHdmk m%ñ;sh .ek lõre;a
okafka ke;& ms<sn| fj<| ±kaùï j,ska
mq j ;a m ;a ms g q ms f rhs ' .fï wdydr
iqrlaI; s ;djh ;jÿrg;a úkdY fjhs' .eñ
;reK ;reKsfhda u.la fkd±l w;rux
fjhs' kj md,ï ux udj;a u;ska Èjhk
hdk jdyk Tjqkaf.a ksii, Ôú;
úhrejlg yrjñka kj ixpdrl mqr"
ixpdrl fydag,a fj; olaljkq ,efnhs'
fï khs k a n,k l< W;= r g jvd
fkdfjkia ìhlre h:d¾;hla fufia hqOh
u.ska ol=fKa isxy,hka fj; wd¾Ól
ixj¾Okfha kdufhka f.k tñka ;sfí'
fï ukqIH;ajfha úkdYhg úreoaOj ´kEu
bv ;s f í' iuia ; wr.,hlg fï
fudfydf;a kdhl;ajhla ke;s nj ienEh'
kuq;a m%dfoaYSh jYfhka ksIaÑ; m%Yak
u; .egqï we;sfjñka ;sfí' j.d ìï
w;am;a lr .ekSï" f.j,a lvd ì| ±óï"
kd.ßl iq¿ fj<ÿka ;kays ;kays idok
fj<| l+vq ixlS¾K j,g ysrlsÍï isÿ
flf¾' kd.ßl ÿ.Ska ;u ksfjia j,ska
m,jd yeÍug lghq;= flf¾' fïjdg
úreoaO;ajh u;=ùu kqÿf¾ h' tajd ,;a
;eku f,dma l< hq;= h' ke;skï tajd
taldnoaO ùug yelsh' ukao" ,xldfõ
1978 werUqkq kj ,snr,ajd§ wd¾Ól
m%;sm;a;sh tod isg we;s l< l%ñl
fjkialï fjkqjg wo hqOjdoh yd .eg
.eiQ iNd.jdofha msysfgka wd¾Ól
jYfhka laIKsl ;shKq q fjkia lï lsÍu
yryd uq¿ iudchu mqmqrejd yßñka
.=Kd;aul fjkilg f.k hEug f.da,h S
Okjdoh mshjr .ksñka isák ksidh'
ta wkqj 1978 jHjia:dfõ iSud blaujd
jvd;a n, ixfla k a ø Khla iys ;
jHjia:djlg n, flÍ ;sfí' 17 jHjia:d
ixfYdaOkh meñKsfha 1978 jHjia:dfõ
n, wêldßh Èh lr m%cd;ka;%jdoh yd
iajmd,kh fjkqfjka pkaøl s d jgd f.;=Kq
lïlre mx;sh m%uqL
m% c d;ka ; % j d§ m% j dyfha
Yla;h s uQ¾;su;a lrñks' wo
jk úg fï m%jdyh iuQ, >d;kh lr
l,ls' wog kshñ; wd¾Ól ie,iqï j,
wjYH;djhka i|yd 1978 blaujd hk
wêldÍ n,hla kS;s.; l< hq;=uh'
hqla;sh thhs'
tu kS;s iïmdokhg wjYH iudÔh
wka;¾ in|;d uyskoa i;=h' th we;af;a
wd¾Ól m%;m s ;a;h
s ms<n
s | we;s tlÕ;djh
;=<h' in|;dfõ m%Odk ;ek .kafka
iNd.jdohhs' fojkqj" isxy, fn!oaO
cd;sjdofha jyka;rdjhs' ~~18~~ t<s niskfa ka
fï in|;d rduqj ;=<h'
isxy, fn!oaO cd;sjdofhka fjßu;a nyq;r
ck;djg kshñ; ~~18~~ Tjqka ,nd ;sfí'
l=ugo lK.dgq fj,d oeka mf,a kef;a'
wms kej; lshuq' ~~18~~ h:d¾;hla jkafka
uyskao md,kh i;= iudc iïnkaO;d
;=<hs' ta iudc iïnkaO;d úiska mx;s
iduh f.k hñka ~~18~~ hqla;siy.; lr
;sfí'
±ka fuh g ienE f,i úreoaO jkafka
kï uyskoa rdcHh i;= iudc iïnkaO;d
ì| fy,sh hq;=h' tys § m%d:ñl jkafka
lïlre mx;sh u; jdudxYslhka úiska
mgjd we;s iNd.h ì| fy,Su hs' th ì|
fy,sh yelafla lïlre mx;sh Okm;s
rdcHfhka iajdëk fjñka mx;s wr.,fha
udj; .ekSfuka h' thg we;s m%Odk
ndOlh uyskaof.a wd¾Ól
isx.mamQrelrKfhka fjka ùug lïlre
kdhlhka yd jïuqka iQodkï fkdùu h'
Tjqka yryd lïlre mx;sh thg iyfhda.h
fok ;dla ÿrg Tjqkg a isxy, cd;sjdofhka
.e,ùula ke;' túg mx;s wr., udj;
yuq fkdfõ' ~~18~~ ;j ÿrg;a hql;
a i
s y.;j
jecfò' ta wkqj ~~18~~g úreoaO ùu fï
wd¾Ól m%;sm;a;shg úreoaO ùu iuÕ
iumd; fkdjk ;dla ÿrg fndrejls'
wms ljo;a fï i;H fmkajd ÿkafkuq'
jHjia:dj hkq Okm;s mx;sfha u¾Okfha
wúhhs' úfgl th iqkoa r fldmqjl nyd
;sfí' úfgl t<shg f.k uqjy;a flf¾'
th jdudxYslhka m%Yakhla lr .; hq;=
ke;' ukao" th lïlre mx;sfha wúhla
fkdjk ksidh'
Tlaf;dan¾ 2010
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ls Í u wruq K q fldg m, lrk ,o ,s m s h iïnka O fhka ;u
woyia ~~yrh~~ l¾;D uKav,h fj; tjd ;sfí' ta ms,sn|j tu
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iys;j fufia m, lruq'
~~y rh~~ g f,kskajdoh .ek u;la ù
we;af;a 1963 ka fn§ .shdg miqj wo nj
fmfka' mrK mlaIfha isgu fg%dÜialsjdoh
lS Tn,d f,kskajd§ ixj¾Okh wu;l
lf<da h' ud´ g iage,skajdÈhd he hs lS
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f,kskajdofhka nj Tyqq f,djg u lSfõ h'
ud´ iagd,ska l< jerÈ f,dalhg u wefik
f,i úfõpkh lf<a h' fg%dÜials ieuúg
u f,kskg a úreoaOj ke.S isáfha h' reishdkq
úma,jfha kdhl;aj 5 ka fg%dÜials .s,syS
.sfha h' kuq;a yrh yeuodu uekav,a jdoh
mg,jd f.k f,kska jd§ .=rel=,hg ydks
lf<a h'
1935 isg wo jk ;=re ,xldfõ lsisodl
f,kska f.dvk.d fmkajQ kj mkakhl
ks¾Ok mx;s mlaIhla fkdù h' uOH.;
m%cd;ka;%h úkdY l<" udlaiajd§ fkdjk
iq¨ Okm;s mlaI wo jk ;=re;a lïlre
mx;sh uq,d lf<a h' f,kska m%;slafIam l<
wd¾Óljdofhys" m%;is xialrKjdofhys" wuq
uyd cd;sjdofhys fï ish¨ mlaI tÍ isg
i;=rka fj; m,d .sfhdah'
2010 cQ,s m;a;f¾ lïlre ye.Sula ;sfhk
ñksii a k q g
a jir 47 lg miq udlai-a f,ksk-a
ud´- jd§ .=rel=,h wkq.ukh lrk
f,kskj a d§ u; h lvqm, q a úiska ,sùu lïlre
mx;shg u. lSula jkq ksh; h' yrh m;%h
.ek Tjqka mqÿu jkjdg iel ke;'
reis h dkq fnd,a f Iúlfhda f,ks k a j doh
wkq.ukh lf<da h' wo fkamd,h" bxÈhdj"
ms,m
s k
S h yd weußldj we;=¨ mlaI rdYshla
f,kskj a d§ mlaI h ;=< /£ úma,ùh jHdmdr
f.k hoa§" yrh m;%h ta ish,a, wu;l
lf<a h' ,xldfõ lïlre mka;sh o" mSä;
mx;Ska o" mSä; cd;Ska o fn!oaO isxy,
uyd cd;sjdohg hg ù mx;s wr.,h fn¥
úg" cd;Ska w;r hqOh wjq¨jd rdcH wjhj
j,g jkaokdudk lr;s' wd.ñl Ñka;kh"
mx;s igk j,lajd we;' rKúre jkaokdj
lïlrejd uq,d lrkakls'
B<Õ m;%fha lvqm,
q g
a lshd rch yd úma,jh
hk f,kskaf.a fmd; .ek yrh m;%hg
,shk f,i wms mSä;hskfa .a kdufhka b,a,d
isáuq' rdcH n,h ms<sn| lïlre mx;sfha
u;h fy,sorõ lrkak'
lvqmq,a ,smsh wjika lr we;af;a reishdkq
úma,jfha Èidjg kej; is; fhduq l< hq;=
nj h' lvqm, q g
a lsj hq;fa ;a mrK ~reishdkq
úma,jhla~ h<s isÿ fkdjkafka h' thg
ud´jdofha u. fmkajk kj fidaúhÜ
úma,jhla jk njh' Bg o udlaij a dofha o"
f,kskajdofha o" ud´jdofha o ixj¾Okfha
úYaùh udj; wjYH jk nj lvqm, q g
a fuu
,smfs hka o fkdf;af¾' Tlaf;daïn¾ úma,jfha
udj; j¾;udk uyck hqoaOfha ;;ajhg
ixj¾Okh ù Tmamq ù yudr h' fuu
l%h
s dud¾.hg tfrys jula .ek l:d lsÍu
fndre jxpdldrhkaf.a udj; fõ' th
lDfIdõ" fvx Isfhda msx jeks ks¾Ok mx;s
mlaIh ;=< ieÕù isá Okjd§kaf.a udj;
fõ' Tjqka kï lr we;af;a ikafYdaOkjd§ka
f,i h' fg%dÜialj s d§ka f,i h' wd¾Óljd§ka
f,i h' m% ; s i xia l rKjd§ka f,i h'
fukafIúlajd§ka f,i h' uekafv,ajd§ka
f,i h' reishdfõ" Ökfha ±ka we;s iudc
wêrdcHjd§ka f,i h' wjia:djd§ka f,i
h' iq¿Okm;Ska f,i h' f,kskaf.a jpk
j,ska lshkjdkï <ore j,smm a l
q drhska f,i
h'
lvqmq,af.a ,smsh ;jÿrg;a iïmQ¾K lrk
f,i wms b,a,d isáuq' j¾.jdohg muKla
tfrysj ,sms ,shd ck;dj uqjy;a l<
fkdyels h' ienE udlaija doh tys ixj¾Ok
wjëka fol jk f,kskajdoh" ud´jdoh o
fkd,shd lïlre mx;shg ;u mx;sfha mlaI
h f.dv ke.sh fkdyelsh' ,xldfõ lsisÿ
jfï mlaIhlg uOH.; m%cd;ka;%jdoh
;snqfka kE'
2 ldrKh''''''''
Tn mqj;amf;a l;=jelsh f,dal úkdYh
.ek fyd| úia;rhla ,shd we;' tx.,aia
19 jk ishjfia ,shd we;s foa fi!r.%y
uKav, .ek u;= ù ;snQ úoHd woyi ùh'
th b;d wE;g isÿjk fohla nj wmg
fmfka'
fojkqj" l;=jelsfha lshk f.da,h
S Okjdoh
f,dj úkdY lrñka f.k hk w;sßla;
m%d.aOkh .ek Tn l;= jelsh uekúka
5
,shd ;sîu f,dal úkdYh .ek mj;sk
ro,jd§ wd.ï W.kajd we;s foag ms<s;=rla
jkjd muKla fkdj th iudc úoHd;aul
u;h fõ' ;jÿrg;a fulaisflda fndlafla
f;,a ldkaÿj o" O%ej j, whsia Èhùu o"
tys m%Óúmdl o f,dj úkdYhg bjy,a
jk nj mqj;a
“yrh” g
m;la lshd
isàu ck;dj
úoHd ±kqñka
ikakoaO lsÍu
fõ he hs wm
orK woyi
h' yrh mqj;a
m; fujka
f,kskajdoh u;la ùu
fm%dv
a djlao@
udlaij
a d§ u;
l;=jelshlska
,smsj,ska
bÈßm;a lsÍu
b;du ld,Sk
fõ' f.da , S h
Okjdofha
úmdl j,ska ñ§u i|yd Tn woyia folla
bÈßm;a lrhs' tlaflda iudcjd§ f,djla
bÈ lsÍu" ke;skï f,dj úkdY ùu f,i
Tn olajhs'
kuq;a wmg iaÒr jYfhka lsj yelafla
iudcjd§ f,djla f.dv ke.Su ;=<ska
w;sßla; m%d.aOkh fidhd f,dj ovhï
lsÍu kj;d" f.da,h
S Okjdofha úkdYfhka
f,dj .,jd .; yels h'
fu;ek § yrh m;%h .ek wm okakd
;rug tjka iudcjd§ f,djla i|yd
lïlre mx;shg" mSä; mx;Skag" mSä;
cd;Skag" ldka;djkag yrh úiska mdr
fkdlshkafka ukao@ Tn t;ek § ck;djg
ydkslr fõ" ksYÑ
a ; fkdfõ' fu;ek § h<s
u;la l< hq;= f.da,Sh Okjdoh fõ.fhka
fmd,fõ .eiSu i|yd ck;dj foaYmd,k
kHdhsl Yla;sh ,nd .kakjd uÈ nj h'
Okjd§kag f,dalh m%fõiï lsÍug jvd
mSä; ñksid úkdY lsÍuo" iïm;a ueo.ekSu
úkdf jk wjYH;djhla ke;'
tfyhska fuu f,dal úkdYh j,lajd .ekSu
i|yd blauka iudcjd§ f,djla i|yd
igka lsÍu wjYH fõ'
f,kskfa .a - iagd,skfa .a fidaúhÜ n,h 1956
olajd th bgq lrñka isáfhda h' ud´f.a
Ökh 1976 olajd th bgq lrñka isáfha h'
kuq;a ks¾Ok mx;s mlaIh ;=<u ßx.d isá
f.da,Sh OkjdÈfhda tu <ore .uka jdr
úkdY lf<da h' Tjqka wo fkamd,fha o"
bxÈhdfõ o udlaia f,kska ud´jd§ .=rel=,h
;=<ska h,s;a Tn i|yka lr we;s iudcjd§
f,dalh i|yd wr.,h f.k hkafkda h'
wmg u;=jk .eg¨j kï Tn f,kskj a doh"
udlaij
a doh" udlaia yd tx.,aia .ek u;jdo
bÈßm;a lrk .uka udlaiajd§ ixj¾Okh
.,d .sh m%jk;d 03 ka folla lshk .uka
tlla m% ; s l a f Ia m ls Í uh' kuq ; a tys
wLKav;djh ì£u Tn,d f,dal úma,jhg"
f,dal ks¾Ok mx;s jHdmdrhg fødayS jk
;ek igyka lrkafka h'
f,kskajd§ 03 jk cd;Hka;rh" ud´ f.k
.sh Ök úma,jh f,dal úma,jhg .,md
ud´jd§ 4 fjks cd;Hka;rh M-L-M ;=<k
s a
f,dal úma,jhg mdr lshkafka h'
yrh m;%h ;=< f,kskj a doh o" uekafv,ajd§
fg%dÜialj s doh o folla ;sfhkafka flfiao@
fuu mlaIh ;=< f,kskj a doh bÈßhg ±ñh
hq;= o" fg%dÜialj
s doh ±ñh hq;= o@ ud´jdoh
m%;slafIam fldg f,kska .ek muKla Tn
yrh l:d lrkafka kï Tn igyka lrk
iudcjdoh fndrejla fõ'
j¾;udk f,dalfhys iuyr rgj,a Okjdoh
ÈhqKq rgj, iudcjd§ mshjr i|yd o"
fkdÈhqKq rgj, tys m<uq mshjr jk kj
m% c d;ka ; % wjÈh ;= < s k a iudcjdohg
mßj¾;kh ùfï kHdh f,kskaf.a u
b.eka ù uls ' th ia g d,s k a ms < s . ;a f ;a
f,kskj a dÈhl= f,i" iagd,ska ud´ ms<. s ;af;a
f,kskajdoh ÿgq ksid nj f,dal ks¾Ok
mx;s idys;Hh i|yka lrhs'
kuq ; a yrh fïjd ms < s f kdf.k ±ka
f,kskj a dohla .ek l:d lrkafka we;a;gu
o@ fndrejg ck;dj uq,d lsÍug o@ ke;sj"
Tn,dg;a wNHka;r wr.,hla ;sfnk ksid
±hs B<Õ m;%fhka lshkak'
lvqm,
q a fï .ek lshkafka fufiah's ''
fu ys m, jk uyck m%c;ka;%jd§
ix.ufha ,smsfha m%Odk ;¾lh jkafka
udlaija dofha wLKav;djh ud´jdoh u.ska
ksrEmkh jk njh' tu wLKav;djh
fkd;ld iudcjdoh .ek l;d lsÍu
jxpdjla nj;a" udlaia-tx.,aia yd f,kska
.ek l:d lrk ~yrh~ udlaiajdofha
ft;sydisl ixj¾Okfha ;=kajk wjÈh jk
tu ud´jdoh m%;slafIam lrk njg ,smsh
fpdaokd lrhs'
fuh jeo.;a m% Y a k hls ' tx.,a i a f.a
kdhl;ajfhka
ìys jQ fojk
cd;Hka;rfha"
tkï iudc
m%cd;ka;j% d§
cd;Hka;rfha
kshuqjl=
f,i f,kska
ú i s k a
udlaiajdoh
ixj¾Okh
lrk ,§'
f , k s k a
od¾Yksl
;,fha Ofka Y a j r wkq N + ; s j dohg yd
Wmfhda.; s djdohg tfrysj ;u wr.,h ;=<
^Empirio Criticism-1908& tx.,aiaf.a vQßx
úfrdaOh lD;sfha újdoh bÈßhg f.k
.s f ha h ' Tyq f .a od¾Yks l igyka ^
Philosophical Note Book - Colected Works
Vol38- 1895 isg 1916 olajd& wfmdayljdoh
yodrkakl=f.a w;afmd;la f,i wo;a uy;a
jQ jákdlula w;am;a lr .kS' udlaiaf.a
yd úfYaIfhka tx.,aifa .a ld,fha j¾Okh
fjñka meje;s taldêldrhka ;u úldYkh
;=< § uQ,H yd ld¾ñl m%d.aOkh w;r
lÓmhdêm;Hhka ìys lr.ksñka" Okjdoh
taldêldÍ Okjdoh njg tkï
wêrdcHjdoh njg .=Kd;aul fjkila w;a
lr .kakd whqre fmkakï q lrñka udlaifa .a
m%d.aOkh ms<n s | úYaf,aIKh bÈßhg f.k
.sfhah ^Imperialism - The Highest stage of
Capitalism - 1914&' lïlre
mx;sfha rdcH n,h ms<sn|j
.eg¨ iïnka O fhka 1848
lvqmq,a
hqfrdamh S úma,j /,af,a §;a" meßia
fldñhQkh ;=<§;a ,;a w;a±lSï u; udlaia
yd tx.,aia úiska bÈßm;a l< ks.ukhka
mßmQ¾K lrk ,oafoa h ^The State and
Revolution - 1916&' yd úfYaIfhka úma,jjd§
mlaIh f.dv ke.Sfï kHdhsl .eg¿ úi£u
^What is to be done - 1902& udlaiajdohg
f,kska tl;= l< fï uQ,sl foag wu;rj
lïlre mx;sfha foaYmd,k wr.,fha Wmdhsl
.eg¿ iïnkaOfhka l< tl;= lsÍï uy;a
rdYshls' iNd.jdoh" tlai;a fmruqKq Wmdh"
cd;sl úuql; a s wr.,hka" wêrdcHjd§ hq.fha
foaYfm%aufha iajNdjh yd fjf<o hqoaO"
kfrdâkslajdoh^ck;djdoh& wd§ Tyqf.a
lïlre mx;sfha foaYmd,k wr.,fha Wmdhsl
yd WmWmdhsl m%Yak wrNhd udlaiajdohg
lr we;s ixj¾Okhka w;suy;ah' tajd wvx.=
jeo.;a fmd;am;a" ,smfs ,aLK i|yka lsßug
fuys bvla ke;' th w;HdjYH o fkdjkafka
fï iïnkaOfhka u'm%' ix.uh o tlÕ jkq
we;s ksidh'
±ka m%Yk a h u;=jkafka f,kskfa .a urKfhka
miq .; jQ jir 86 la muK jk ld,h
;=< udlaiajdofha wLKav;djh ksrEmKh
jQfha ud´ fia;=x f.ka o hkak hs' wfma
woyi jkafka fï wLKav;djh ksrEmKh
jQfha fg%dÜials yryd yd Tyq f.a wejEfuka
fg%dÜials jd§ jHdmdrh ;=<ska njh' thg
fya;= jYfhka wm olskafka OfkaYajr
wkqN; + j
s dofha yd Wmfhda.;
s djdofha iSudjka
;=,g fldgq jQ Y=oaO úoHdjka ta iSudjka
blaujd fmrg f.k hEug wfmdayljd§
f,dal oDIaÀh lrd bÈßhg wd hq;= nj
fmkajd foñka wfmdayl fN!;sjdoh i|yd
jQ kHdhsl wr.,h f,kskfa .ka miq bÈßhg
f.k hEu" fojk f,dal hqoaOfhka miqj
weußldj uOH.; lr .ksñka isÿfjñka
hk ±jeka; m%d.aOk ixflakaøKh u.ska
wêrdcHjdoh jvd;a ixflakøa Kh jQ n,hla
njg m;a ùfï ^American Hegemony&
m%jk;djh fy,sorõ lsÍu ^Europe and
America - 1926& fidaúhÜ n,h is|ì|
oud reishdfõ ;yjqre jQ ks,OdÍ ;ka;%h
u.ska lïlre rdcH msßySug ,lalr
wjidkfha Okjdoh lrd msßyS hEug we;s
bvlv fmkajd foñka tu rdcH ;=< lïlre
mx;sfha rdcH n,h u;= lsÍfï uQf,damdh
l=ulao hkak meyeÈ,s lsÍu ^Revolution
Betrayed - 1936&" *eisiaÜjdoh ms<sn|
kHdhsl ú.%yh yd kef.k *eisiaÜjdoh
j,lajd mx;sfha rdcH n,h ms<sn| m%Yakh
úi|d .ekSfï udj; fmkajd §u" ^The
Struggle Against Fascism in Germony ,
Spanish Revolution - 1930 isg 1940
wdrïNh f;la fï iïnkaOfhka ,shk ,o
,sms tl;+ka h& t<efUk fojk f,dal
hqoaOh ;=< lïlre mx;sfha ld¾hNdrh
yd f,dal hqoaOh mx;s n,h i|yd fhduq
lsÍu ^,sms f,Lk rdYshls&" ;jo" tlai;a
fmruqKq Wmdh .ek ^úfYaIfhka-Whither
France yd c¾uksh yd iamd[a[fha lïlre
mx;shg ÿka Wmfoia wvx.= fmr lS fmd;a&
we;=¿ lïlre mx;sfha foaYmd,k Wmdh
WmWmdhka ms<sn| ,shk ,o ,sms f,aLK
uy;a rdYshls' fuys § Ökfha fldñhqki s Ü
a
mla I h Ñhxldhs fIla iuÕ iNd.
wdKavj q lg ;,a¨ l< iagd,skfa .a Wmfoia
j,g úreoaOj yd Bg miqj ÿka Wmfoia
wvx.= ^China& Tyqf.a ,shú,s fuys §
u;la l< hq;=h' fï iNd.jdoh ksid
1925-27 Ök úma,ùh ke.sàï f,a .x.djla
;=< .s,a,jd yeÍug" oi oyia .Kkska
fldñhqksiaÜjd§ >d;khg;a iagd,skaf.a
~~úma,jjd§~~ ñ;=rd jQ Ñhdx ldhs fIlag
wjia:dj ie,iqkq ieá wu;l fkdl<
hq;a;ls' wms f,kskaf.ka miq udlaiajd§
úêl%uh wdrlaId lr f,dj kj m%mxphka
úYaf,aIKh l< kdhl;ajh f,i fg%dÜials
olskafka fï wkqj h' udlaiajdofha
wLKav;djh 1940 olajd Tyq ;=<k s a .uka
lf<a hhs wms lshkafka ta ksidh'
±ka ud fufia m%Yak lsÍug leue;af;ñ'
ud´ fia;=x wfmdayl fN!;sljdohg l<
tl;= lsÍï fudkjd±hs Tn lshkafka o@
^fï .ek ud okafka Tyq úiska On
Contradiction kñka ,shd we;s l=vd fmd;a
ms x p .ek muKls ' th wfmda y l
fN!;sljdoh j¾Okh lsÍug jvd wfmdayl
fN!;sjdoh ms<n s |j wdldr.; ;¾lkfha
moku u; lrk ,o ye¢kaùula h hkak
udf.a woyihs' wêrdcHjdofha ixflakøa Kh
.ek Tyq ,shd we;af;a fudkjd±hs ud
fkdoksñ' *eisiaÜjdohg úreoaOj f,dal
lïlre mx;sh f.k .sh wr.,hg Tyq
l< tl;= lsÍï
fudkjd±hs fkdoks ñ '
wvqu ;rñka c¾uksfha
iudc m% c d;ka ; % j d§
lïlrejka iudc *eisÜjd§ka f,i y÷kajd
Tjqka iuÕ fldñhqksiajrekag tlai;a
fmruqKlg taug bv fkd§ ysÜ,¾g
cka o fhka u n,hg ta u g bv §u
iïnkaOfhkaj;a iagd,ska úfõpkh lsÍug
ud´ lghq;= l<d o@ fojk f,dal
hqoaOh m<uqj wêrdcHjd§ hqoaOhla f,i
y÷kajd" fojkqj hqoaOh uyck hqoaOhla
njg m;a úkehs ls h d f,dj mq r d
fldñhqki s Ü
a mlaI hqoO
a fha wdOdrlrejka
njg m;a lroa§Z ud´ fia;=x lSfõ l=ula
o@ miq jir 30 lg jeä ld,hla ud´
Ôj;a úh' ta ld,h ;=<§ fï kHdhsl
j¾Okhka fjkqfjka Tyq ,shd we;s foa
we;a±hs ±lSug uu leue;af;ka isáñ' yels
kï tajd uqK.iajkak' fojk f,dal hqoO a h
yudrfha iagd,ska fhda,agd .súiqu^1944&
u.ska cd;Hka;r mßudKj lïlre mx;sh
wêrdHjdoh bÈßfha oK .iajoa§ Tyq lSfõ
l=ula o@ m%xYhg kej; úhÜkduhg we;=¨
ù tys úma,jh >d;kh lsÍug wjia:dj
,oafoa fï u.ska fkdfõ o@ iagd,ska
l=,elajreka >d;khg;a oreKq whqßka
ixialD;sl úma,jh kñka l< >d;khka
udlaija doh fmrg f.k hEula f,i úia;r
lrkafka o@ fldákau reishdfõ" kef.kysr
hqfrdamfha fukau Ökh ;=<;a lïlre
mx;sfha ;Skaÿ .ekSfï n,h ñßld yer
;Skÿa .ekSu ks,OdÍ ¥Is;hska w;f,diaila
u; r|jd .ksñka tu rdcHhka wêrdcHjd§
m%d.aOkfha;"a wo f.da,hS Okjdofha;a Rcq
iylrejka njg m;a lrkq ,eîu .ek
lrk ú.%yh l=ula o@ fï i|yd Wmfhda.S
lr.;a ;ks rfÜ iudcjdoh ms<n s | iagd,ska
f.a ^tod nqldßka ,jd ks¾udKh lr.;a&
kHdh .ek l=ula lshkafkao@ úuiSug
leue;af;ñ'
ud´ fia;=x ,shd we;s foa fndfyda h' tajd
u.ska Ök f.dú ck;dj .ek" Tjqkaf.a
wr.,h .ek" Tjqka ixúOdkh jQ whqre
.ek" ika k oa O l% s h dud¾.hka .ek"
ikakoaO lghq;= j,§ tlaj lghq;= lsÍu"
kj m% c d;ka ; % j d§ wdKa v q j .ek
^fujekakla ljodj;a Ökfha fyda fjk;a
rgl we;s fkdùh& Tyq ,shd we;' fïjdo
jeo.;ah' tajdg b;sydifha ysñ ;ek §fï
§ uiqre fkdúh hq;=h' kuq;a tajd udlaia
f,kskja dofha ixj¾Okh f,i l:d lsÍu
m; wg f;a yekaolg yskaoùu jeks
lghq;a;la fõ'

úuql;
a s fldá /|jqï lrejkag
taldldrj i,lkak nE'
ie l l d r
fou< fldá /|jqï
lrejka g fjk;a ´kEu whl= g
n,mdk kS ; s h hgf;a ie,lS u g
fkdyels nj ,xld rch mjid ;sfnk
nj jd¾;d fjhs'
wd¾Ól ixj¾Ok wud;H ,laIuka
hdmd wfíj¾Ok fï iïnkaOfhka
mjid we;a f ;a Tjq k a iïnka O fhka
idudkH wmrdOlrejka g lghq ; =
lrk wdldrfhka ie,lsh fkdyels
njg f,da l fha ´kEu rgla tlÕ
jkq we;s njh'
miq.sh i;sfha cd;Hka;r kS;sfõ§kaf.a
fldñiu ^ICJ& m%ldY lr ;snqfKa
r|jd isák fou< fldá iellrejkag
cd;Hka;r kS;sh m%ldr lghq;= lsÍug
,xldKavqj wiu;aj isák njh'
6 Tlaf;dan¾ 2010
- wdKavqj lshhs
ta w;r wdKavqj f.k we;s ia:djrh
wdrlaId lrñka wud;H hdmd
;jÿrg;a mjid we;af;a W;=f¾ yd
kef.kysr fou< fldá iellrejkag
úreoaOj ~~idlaIs tl;= lsÍu wmyiq~~
j mj;sk njh'
Tjqkaf.a ler,sldÍ l%shdldß;ajh .ek
jeäuk;a f;dr;=re f.dkqlr .ekSu
i|yd n,OdÍkag Tjqkaj ;jÿrg;a
r|jd ;ud .ekSu wjYH nj;a" fï /
|jqï lrejka ;j;a wh .ek ;uka
fj; f;dr;=re ,ndfoñka ;sfnk nj;a
mjid we;s wu;sjrhd ;jÿrg;a mjid
;snqfka wms ksoyia cd;shla" wms wdOdr
,nd .ekS f ï wfma l a I dfjka úfoia
n,hkag ysi kukakg hkafka ke;s
nj h'
ta w;r m%Odk úmlaIh wdKavqj f.k
we;s ia:djrh iuÕ tlÕ;ajh m,lr
;sfnk njo jd¾;d ù ;sfí' uyskao
rdcmlaIf.a l,ska wdKavqfõ wjcd;lfhda
weu;s j rhl= j is á yd wo tla i ;a
cd;sl mlaIfha ksfhdacH kdhl lre
chiQ ß h fï iïnka O fhka mjid
in| Tn ksjerÈhs
wms wjcd;lfhda fjuq'
we;af;a iaffjÍ cd;shla u; fldkafoais
lkaoidñ ududg
mekùug cd;Hka;r ixúOdk W;aidy kjd;eka ÿkakdg
fkdl< hq;= njhs' furgg fldkafoais ;d;a;dj ur,
mekùug fõ,dj fï fkdjk njo 83~ wudjl fmda Èkl
Tyq mjid ;sfí' wïudg ±kqkd¨
l=i ;=< isá uf.a nr
fyf;fï jeäÿrg;a wjOdrKh lr weo f.k jeá, fnd,a fmdf<djg
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wdldrh .ek ;uka g tlÕ úh wms wjcd;lfhda fjuq'
fkdyels nj h' ys g mq ler,s l dr
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ms,af,hdka g tl wdldrhlg i,lk wm rlskakg
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ie,lsh hq;= hhs Tyq wjOdrKh lr f.org wd od
we;' ugo ±Kqks uf.a nr
weof.k jegqk fjf,a fmdf<djg
in| Tn ksjerÈhs

''''''''''fojk msgqfjka
weußldfõ wms wjcd;lfhda fjuq'

weiqK;a r;s[a[d yË
wdßhj;S , df.ka ' ''''''''' jHdmdßlfhda ±kqk;a lsßn;a iqj|
fmkqk;a isxy Oc
;=ka ,laIhlg jeä msßilf.a Ôú; ms<snoZ we;a; m%Yakhg óg jvd fmdä jeo.;a kqU,d msrej;a iõÈh
lula yß fokak neßo@ Y%S ,xldfõ § flf,il iuruqo wms
hqo ch.%ykh
we;a;u kï neßlug jvd ;sfhkafka jqjukdjla ke;s luhs' fiajl EPF, ETF
fkdf.jd jxpd lr,d Widú j, fl,jrla ke;s kvq ;sfhk" rdcH nxl=j,g fldaá /iafjhs hqofhka mer§ isák wms

.Kka Kh fmd¨ ;sh, fydr lrkjqka" m%n, foaYmd,lhkaf.a wdjrKh msg in|''''
úfoia rgj,g ù ks±,af,a bkak fldg" ta whf.a úúO ´k tmdlï j,g fydfrkau we ußld tlai;a ckmo wdfhdaclhka
kej; fï rgg ú;a wdrlaIdj iys;j kej; hkak mjd /ljrK i,ik fï Y%S ,xldjg wdl¾Ykh lr .ekSu yd Yla;sl nKavdr
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m%Yak úi|kak olajkafka mqÿu WodiSk lula' fï ixl%uKslhka ta whf.a whs;sh .ekSug wjia:dj ie,iSu b,lal lr.;a
fjkqfjka f,dl= m%ydrhla t,a, lf<d;a ú;rla wdKavqj fï Èyd weia wer,d n,hs' jHdmdßl úOdhl ks,OdÍkaf.a fojk
fudlo@ we;a;g ksoka bkak ñksyd jf.a fkdfjhs" fydrg ksok ñksyd weyerjkak jd¾Isl iuq¿j Tlaf;dan¾ 12-14 Èk
j, fld<U § meje;afjk nj jd¾:d fõ'
fldfydug;a wudrehs' tf;la fi!È ~~Tf,hshd l|jqfr;a~~" lkaoyd¾ md,u hg;a ÿla
ú¢k wfma tjqkag;a ÿlu ;uhs'
fï iuq¿j tlai;a ckmofha Y%S ,xld f.da,h
S lrKh
''''''''''m<uq jk msgqfjka ;dkdm;s ld¾hd,h u.ska ixúOdkh lr
we;s w;r" ta i|yd tlai;a ckmofha
;U meye .;a
ckrd,a ys r f.g'''''''''' jdKsc ksfhdað;hka" tlai;a ckmo jdKsc
fomd¾;fïka ; = f õ ks f hda ð ;hka yd ;ïnmKaks fjr<
,xldfõ fjf<o wud;HdxYfha wd.ka;=l iqiqñka
;sfhkafka' neßfj,dj;a fldá ixúOdkh ±k.;a; kï ÿjhs nEkhs bjrhs''''~~ Tyq lïms; uy uqyqo
tfia ~~yrh~~g lSfõ ydiH o u;= lrñks' ksfhdað;hka iyNd.S ùug kshñ; h'

~~'''''miq.sh jif¾ meje;s m<uq iuq¿j Y%S ~~meñKs wEfhda

ta w;r foaYmd,k úpdrlhka ;jÿrg;a fmkajd fokafka f,dalfha fyd|u ckrd,ajrhd iqÿ .,a ld f,a fnd;s~~
,xldj .ek fyd| ±laula we;s l<d'
f,i wdKavq lrkakka tod Tyqj y÷kajd ÿka uq;a" miqj lshd isáfha iïmQ¾K hqO fuys jHdmdr f.k hEug we;s úNjh wfma ldf,a ikakd,sfhda
fufyhqï ndrj isáfha ckdêm;sjrhd nj;a" ckrd,a lf<a ckdêm;s ffokslj .ek''''~~ hs weußldfõ ,xld ;dkdm;s lïms; tod fy<fhda
;;a;ajh ksÍlaIKh lrñka ÿka Wmfoia l%shdfõ fh§ u muKla nj;a hkakhs' ta cd,sh úl%uisxy mjid we;'
wkqj n,k l, Tyq lr we;af;a fou< ckhdg fjä ;eîug ÿkak Wmfoia lmq lákakd jQ
l%shd;aul lsÍfï .y, jefâ muKla nj;a" ta wkqj ì,sfndahs f.a N+ñldj;a tysu ~~'''''±ka ta jHdmdr Y%S ,xldfõ ;u lghq;= l=fõKsh fkdj
fldgilaj ;snqk nj;a Tjqyq fmkajd fo;s' ta w;r Tjqyq yrhg fufiao m%ldY lr lrf.k hEu weröu i|yd ie,iqï wfma ld,fha ikakd,sfhda
isáhy' ~~'''''±ka ffoksl iqm¾úIka lrmq wh wo Tyq fydfrla" foaYfødaysfhla f,i lrf.k hkjd' wms ;yjqre lr.; hq;h = "s lïms wd¾;slh
y÷kajkafka wcdi;a; l%uhg >d;lhkaj;a urd ±óu l%shdfõ fhoùug njhs ,xldfõ wdfhdackh lsÍfuka ;ukag
fmfkkafka' fï oËqju miq.sh ojiaj, wdrlaIl f,alï f.daGdNh rdcmlaI m%ldY ,efnk ,dN m%fhdack .ek Tjqka ±kqj;aj WoaOukh iuÕ
l< mßÈ ckrd,a t,a,d ueÍfï m<uq mshjr foda lsh,;a iel l< hq;=j ;sfhkjd'''''~~ isák nj''''~~ hs Tyq mjid we;' by< hk l=i.skak
wirK ore ±l
''''''''''m<uq jk msgqfjka zyrhZ g lïms; ud is;

tla i ;a cd;S k a f .a ' ''''' odhl jkak

fuys§ jeäÿrg;a jdudxYsl úuqla;s fmruqK fmkajd fokafka fï .uk ;=<§ ëjr .S;h
ckdêm;sjrhd úfYaIfhka b,lal lrk ,oafoa ngysr wdKavq j, yd hqfrdamSh uilg re' 20$} ne.ska jirlg
ix.ufha fyd| ys; ;u md,k ;ka;%h fj; weo .ekSug njhs' fuh fyd¢ka re' 240$} nfâ .skaor
fmkqfka tlai;a ckmohg úroaOj m%n, l;djla meje;a jQ brdk ckdêm;s iuÕ ksjkq jia
mj;sk iqmqreÿ ñ;%iïnkaOh lemS fmfkkq ,eîu j,lajd .kakg uyskao rdmlaI uqo,a tùfï§ fy¿E oyÈh
m%fõYï ùu ;=<ska njhs' tfukau Tyq fjksishq,dkq ckdêm;s yshqf.da pdfõia yd fldïm[a[ùÈh ;eme,a yf,ka
n%iS,shdkq ckdêm;s Æ,d o is,ajd jeks ,;ska weußldkq kdhlhka iuÕ lsisÿ udre lr.; yels f,i uqo,a ysf;a .skaor
jeo.;a idlÉPdjlg t<eöug ;e;a fkdlsÍuo lemS fmkqkq njhs' ksjkq jia
weKjqula fyda fy¿E l÷<ska
ta fjkqjg Tyqf.a jeo.;a b,lalh ngysr f,dalfha md,lhka iuÕ uy;a wNsreÑhlska fldu¾I,a nexl=fõ wxl Èh lr
pdgqnia foãu njg m;aj ;sî we;s nj;a" fuys § úfYaIfhka fkda¾ùðhdkq 8480005295 orK .sKqug ner
kdhlhka uqK .eiSug lemS fmkqk n,j;a W;aidyhla ord ;sfnk nj;a fmkajd uy ihqrg
lr" úis l< ksihs
fok m%ldYh ta wkqj tys w.ue;s fckaia iafgd,agkan¾.a yd wud;H tßla
fid,ayhsï iuÕ idlÉPd id¾:l lr f.k we;s nj;a lshd isà' wod, l=ú;dkaish ihqre Èh
tmuK
fï idlÉPdfõ § wud;H tßla fi,ayhsï lshd we;af;a ishráka msg ù ngysr pïmsld fiarisxy" ¨Kq ri
fjfik fou< iudcfha kdhlhka Y%S ,xldfõ ±ka isÿfjñka hk fjkialï .ek NdKavd.dßl"
fyd| ±laula we;s lr .; hq;= njhs' tfukau fï j¾Okhka fou< ck;djf.a yd zyrhz" 143"
rfÜ jdishg mdúÉÑ l< yels kï ldg;a jdis ie,fik njhs' fï m%ldYh hkQId ,laud,s
lsõ mdr" le<ksh úYaj úoHd,h
fkda¾ùðhdkq mqj;am;a jd¾;d l< w;r" hqfrdamh mqrd me;sr hk njo jd¾;d fõ'
fld<U 02'
uyskao fmr jirj, meje;s fuys iuq¿ jdr j,§ isxyf,ka l;d lsÍug Wkkaÿ jQ
nj fmkqko" fujr b;d fyd| bx.%Sisfhka l;d l< nj o jd¾;d fjhs' hk ,smskhg ;eme,a lrkak'
Tlaf;dan¾ 2010 7
zz;%ia;jdohZZ f,dúka ;=rka jkq ±lSu iEu ukqIHhl=f.a u wNs,dYhhs' ;u
Ôú;h muKla fkdj" ;u ¥ orejka f.a o Ôú; wk;=f¾ fy,ñka wdhqO
ikakoaOj l,a f.ùug ljqre kï leu;s fõ o@ tla mqoa.,fhla fyda b;d
iq¿ ixLHdjla tfia lsÍug fm<fò kï Tjqka udkisl úlD;s iys; wh
f,i wka whf.ka fjka lr .; yel' ukao h;a f,dj udkisl úlD;s iys;
ldYaór
ñksiqkaf.a m%;sY;h b;d wju m%udKhla f,i ixLHd f,aLK j,ska ;yjqre
lr ;sîu hs' tfy;a hï lsis ck m%;sY;hl wkq.%yh iys; zz;%ia;jd§ZZ
jHdmdr foi tu fldaKfhka ne,Sug fkdyel' tfia jkafka Tjqka tjka
wjodkulg uqyqK fokafka hïlsis fmdÿ fya;=jla uq,a fldg f.k ùu
fYdaldka;fha
uQ,drïNh
ksidh' tneúka iajhxkS¾Kh i|yd ;uka fj; we;s fjkia l< fkdyels
whs;sh fjkqfjka miq.sh oYl yhlg jeä ld,hla ;siafia ;u Ôú;
mß;Hd. l< ldYaór ck;dj msßñka" ldka;djka yd orejka ;%ia;jd§ka
f,i ,>q l< fkdyel' fuys fÄojdplh jkafka bx§h n,OdÍka úiska
lrkq ,nk fuu yqjd ±laùu ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd iuyr bx§h iskud
lrejkao bÈßm;a ù isàu hs' bxÈhdfõ md,lhka yd yuqodjka úiska ldIaór
ck;djg l< mSvdjka zz;%ia;jd§ZZ n,fõ. Yla;su;a ùug fya;=jla jQ nj
Tjqka úiskau ms<s.kakd kuq;a m<uq fldgu zz;%ia;jdohZZ u¾Okh l< hq;=
nj Tjqyq fmkajd §ug W;aidy or;s' tfukau fuu ixúOdk mlsia;dkfha
n<,a w;la úkd ldIaór ck;dj f.a wNs,dYhka uQ¾;su;a lrkakla fkdjk

fojk fldgi
nj lshñka ;u mqyq ;¾lh ;j ÿrg;a ikd: lsÍfï jEhul o fhfohs'
tfy;a ck;d yo .eiau .ek ixfõ§ úh hq;= l,dlrejka jYfhka fudjqka
fuu .eg¿j ms<sn|j jvd .eUqßka yeoEßh hq;=j ;sfí' ,xldfõ Okm;s
md,lhka yd úh;=ka fï iïnkaOj olajk woyiao óg iudk neúka
ldYórfha wo isÿjkafka l=ula o hkak f;areï .ekSu i|yd m%Yakfha
b;s y dih;a " b;s y dih ;= < m% Y a k h mj;s k ia : dkh;a ms < s n |j zzyrhZZ
mdGlhkag wjfndaOhla ,nd §ug fï ,sms ud,dfjka wms W;aidy lruq'
fuys m<uq fldgi zzyrhZZ iema;eïn¾ l,dmfha m, úh'

wo t;eka isg'''''''''''''

YS la wíÿ,a,d isr.; jQ miq w.ue;s
njg m;a jQ nlaIs .=,dï fudfyduâ
yoj;ska u bxÈhdj iuÕ tlaj l%shd lr
m%dka;h ;=< bxÈhdfõ whs;h
s jvd;a mq¿,a
lr .ekSug Woõ úh' fï i|yd m.d
jYfhka uqo,a §ï" u¾Okh iy Pkao
jxpd wd§ úúO Wml%u mdúÉÑs lrk
,§' ~~cïuq~~ ys l¾;D jQ ysxÿ cd;sl
jd¾;dlrefjla jQ fnda,ardÊ mQß fuh
úia ; r lrka f ka ~~uekúka ñY% l<
¥IKfha iy NSIKfha tl;=jla~~ nlaIs
úiska fhdodf.k we;s njhs'
rcfha /lshd i|Zyd m;aùï" Wiia úï
yd udre ùï" wOHdmksl wdh;kj,g
we;=,;aùï" n,m;% ,nd.ekSï" fldgia"
Kh iy jHdmdr fldka;%d;a wdÈh ks;H
f,iu Tyq úiska ,nd fok ,§' fujeks
§ukd Wmfhda . S lr .ks ñ ka ;udg
mlaImd;S oyia .Kkska hq;a msßila Tyq
ks¾udKh lf<ah' Tjqkaf.ka ieÿï,;a"
m%dka; wruqo,ska §ukd f.jk fm!oa.,sl
yuqodjla Tyq ks¾udKh lf<ah' fuh
~~idu n, weKsh~~ f,i kï l< w;r"
th fhdojd .;a f ;a úreoa O jd§ka f .a
foaYmd,k /iaùï úiqrejd yeÍug hs'
Tyq m%dka; iNdj u.ska kvq úNd.hlska
f;drj ´kEu mqoa.,fhla jir 5 la
olajd isrNdrfha ;nd.; yels jk mßÈ
~~r|jd .ekSu iSud lsÍfï mk;~~ iïu;
lr .kakd ,§'
óg iu.dój Tyq ck;d m%idoh Èkd
.ekSug o W;aidy lf<a 75] la olajd
ñ, wvq lrk ,o iyk iy,a m%udKh
jeä lsÍfuka o" wOHdmksl yd fi!LH
myiqlï mq¿,a lsÍfuka iy lDIsl¾uh
yd l¾udka; i|yd myiq Kh .ekSfï
l%u ilia lsÍfuks' fï ish,a, myiq
jQfha bx§h rch ±lajQ w;sYh ;Hd.Ys,S
Ndjh ksidfjks' m%dka;hg bxÈhdj úiska
jirlg ,nd fok Kh m%udKh 1958-
62 jljdkqj ;=< i;a .=Khlska jeä ù
;snqks'
1956 § m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,o m%dka;fha
jHjia:dj wkqj hEfï § 1957 jif¾ §
ue;sjrKhla meje;aùug kshñ; úh'
nla I s fudfyduâ úis k a m.dj iy
foaYmd,k úreoaOlrejka ysxikhg ,la
lsÍu ;=<ska Tyqf.a mlaIh jk ~cd;sl
iuq¿j~ g w;s úYd, nyq;rhla ,nd
.ekSug iu;a úh' ~~n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;eìh
yels úreoaO mdlaIls wfmalI
a lhkag uqo,a
fyda /lshd m%odkh lrk ,§~~ hkqfjka
1971 ldYaór md¾,sfïka;=fõ iajdêk
uka;jS% rhl= jQ Yóka wyuâ Yùka mjid
we;' wfmalIa lhd ;j ÿrg;a m%;ú
s frdaOh
±lajqjfyd;a" Tyqg l,gfõ,djg kdu
fhdackd m;% msrùug fkdyels jk
wdldrhg meyerf.k f.dia isrlr ;nd
.ekSu fyda kdu fhdackd j, ksrjoH
Ndjh mÍlaId lsÍug Tyq meñfKkafka
jerÈ Èkhl" jerÈ ;ekg jk njg j.
n,d .ekqks' tfia;a ke;fyd;a kdu
fhdackd Ndr.kakd ks,OdÍka
wfmalaIlhd fhdackd lrk ;eke;a;df.a
wkkH;dj ms<s.ekSu m%;slafIam l<y'
fï wdldrhg úreoaO mdlaIsl
wfma l a I lhka f .a kdu fhda c kd m;%
m%;slafIam flreKs' 1962 ue;sjrKfha §
o fujeks Wml%u mdúÉÑ lrk ,§'
tfy;a ta fmrg jvd ;rula wvq uÜgulg
h' fuys m%ÓM,hla jYfhka ;rÕ lsÍug
,enqk fldÜGdY .Kk ;sia fofla isg
41 olajd jeä úh' meyeÈ,sj fmfkk
lreKla kï fuu fldÜGdY
fndfyduhla u yskaÿ nyq;rhla fjfik
cïuq m%foaYfha neúka tu Pkao odhlhska
nlaIs g;a jvd bxÈhdkq .e;af;da jQ njhs'
jißka jir .;fj;au nlaIs
fudfyduâf.a ¥IKh yd NSIKh Wyq,d
.; fkdyels muKg j¾Okh úh' fkare
1963 w. § ~lïrdÊ ma,Ek~ kï l%uh
Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka mlaI lghq;= j,g
m%dka; iy uOHu weu;sjreka iïnkaO
lr fldka.%ih Yla;su;a lsÍug l%shd
l< w;r nlaIs fudfyduâ g b,a,d
wiaùug fm<eU ù h' flá l,lg miq
nlaIs fjkqjg m;a jQ Ô'tï' i§la úiska
hï ;dla ÿrlg m%dka;fha iSud ,sys,a
lrkq ,eîh' Tyq wm%idohg ,laj ;snQ
~~idu n, weKsh~~ úiqrejd yer" mSvdldÍ
~~r|jd .ekSu ,sys,a lsÍfï mk;~~ ys
fldkafoais ,sys,a lf<a h' mlsia;dkh
flfrys ;u wdl,am hï m%udKhlg
uDÿ lrf.k isá fkaref.ka t,a, jQ
mSvkhg m%;spdr olajñka i§la úiska
1964 wfm%a,a ui YSla wíÿ,a,d iy Tyqg
ys;j;a ¨;skka tï'ta' fn.a ksoyia lrkq
,eî h' fufia mls i a ; dkh flfrys
fkaref.a wdl,amh uDÿ ùug fya;= jQfha
1962 Ökh iu. we;s jQ ika k oa O
wr.,fha m% ; s M ,hla f,i h' Ys l a
wíÿ,a,d fkare iuÕ yuqùï fm,la isÿ
lf<a ldYaór m%Yakhg úi÷ula fiùu
msKsi h' bka miqj" tu jif¾ uehs ui
Tyq mlsi:a dkhg .sfha ckm;s whqí Ldka
iu. idlÉPd lsÍug h' kuq;a Tyq
mlsia:dkfha /§ isá ld,fha u fkare
ñh .sfhah' fï iu. u mlsia:dkh
iuÕ iqyo j .eg¿j úi|d .ekSfï
wjia:dj o ñh .sfha h'
mlsia:dkh iuÕ iu.s iïuq;shlg
meñKSug kï ta i|yd hï lemlsÍula
isÿ l< hq;= ùu óg wksjd¾h úh'
m%dka; jeishkag ~~iajhx;SrK whs;h
s ~~ ,nd
§u o óg wh;a fõ' fkaref.ka miqj
n,hg m;a jQ ,d,a ny¥¾ Ydia;%S i;=j
fï i|yd wjYH jQ ckm%h s ;dj fkd;sìKs'
fuh jgyd .;a YSla wíÿ,a,d ñka fmr
lsis Èkl fkdl< wdldrhg újD;ju
cku; úpdrKhla le|ùh' fuh i§la
u; wys;lr n,mEï we;s lf<a Tyqf.a
w¨; iEÿ rchg fï iu.u m%dka;
iNdfõ nlaIs fudfyduâ f.a fufyhqï
j,g uqyqK §ug isÿùu ksid h' tneúka
n,fha /£u i|yd nlaIs fudfyduâ g;a
jvd bx§h mßmd,kh u; hemSug i§la
yg isÿúh' tneúka Tyq m%dka;h bxÈhdkq
ix.uhg ;j ÿrg;a wkq.; lsÍu i|yd
È,a,h
s iuÕ iyfhda.fhka lghq;= lf<ah'
1964 w. jk úg bx§h ckm;s g "
m%dka;fha jHjia:duh hdka;%Kh ì£
we;ehs yeÕ=fkd;a tys mßmd,kh ;uka
w;g .ekSfï fuf;la wysñ ù ;snQ n,h
,eìKs' i§la f.a ~m%dka; m%OdkS~ f,i jQ
úfYaI ;k;=r wfydais lr Tyq wksl=;a
m%dka; j, fukau md,l ;k;=rg m;a
lrk ,§' tfuka u
jiS¾ widï f.a
w.% d ud;H ;k;= r o pïmsld r;akdhl
wfyda i s fldg Tyq
m%Odk weu;s jYfhka kï flreKs' iqm%sï
Widúh" ue;s j rK fldñiu wdÈfha
wêlrK n,h o uOHu md,khg
mejreKs' fláfhka lSfjd;a bxÈhdkq
ix.uh iy m% d ka ; h w;r fuf;la
mj;ajd.kq ,enQ ~úfYaI in|;dj~ ì|
oukq ,eîh' óg wu;rj 1965 uq,a ld,fha
§ u m%dka;fha m%Odk foaYmd,k ixúOdkh
jQ cd;sl iuq¨j úiqrejd yer bxÈhdkq
cd;sl iuq¨fõ tall m%dka;hla njg
m;a lrk ,§'
fuu fjkia lï j,g YSla wíÿ,a,d
úfrdaOh ±laù h' fldka.%ia mlaIhg
tla jq ish¨ fokdu ~iudc jdrKhlg~
,la lrk f,i Tyq ;u wkq.dñlhka
f.ka b,a,d isáfhah' bka miq fn.a iu.
tla ù Tyq úfYaI ixpdrhlg tla úh'
fuys§ Tyq l,ska fhdod fkd.;a yuqjla
Ök w.ue;s põ tka ,dhs iu. we,a-
ðh¾ia ys § meje;aù h' põ tka ,dhs"
ldYaór ck;djf.a iajhx ;SrK whs;shg
mQ¾K iyfhda.h fok nj kej; kej;;a
m%ldY l< w;r" YSla wíÿ,a,d Tyqg fï
i|yd ia;+;s lf<a h' wk;=rej Tyq iy
fn.a kej; bxÈhdjg meñKs ú.i Tjqka
w;a wvx.=jg .ekqKs' 1965 iema;eïn¾
ui bxÈhdj iy mlsi: a dkh w;r ldYaór
m%Yakh iïnkaOfhka hqoaOhla we;s jk
úg Tjqka isáfha isr .;j h' fuu
jljdkqfõ u ^1967& m%dka;fha uy
ue;sjrKho meje;aúKs'
i;s ;=kla meje;s hqoaOh m%dfhda.slj ch
mrdchlska f;drj wjika úh' kuq;a
;djld,slj hqO keje;Sfï tlÕ;djlg
meñKsfha 1966 ckjdß ui bka§h w.ue;s
Ydia;%S iy mlsia:dka ckdêm;s whqí
Ldka w;r fidaúhÜ foaYfha gIalkaÜ ys
§ id¾:l yuqjla we;s ùfuka miqjh'
fuys § fidaúhÜ kdhlhska ueÈy;alrejka
f,i l%shd l<y' hqO iufha iy Bg
miqj bxÈhdj wdrlaId lsÍfï kS;s hgf;a
m%dka; ck;djf.a ksoyi lmamdÿ lrñka
rcfha úreoaOjd§ka 1"200 la muK w;a
wvx.=jg f.k Tjqkaf.a uqøK lghq;=
;ykï lsÍu u.ska úreoaO n,fõ.
wvmK lrk ,§' fuh iy ldYaór
m%Yakhg ñ,sgß úi÷ula ,nd §ug
mlsia:dkhg fkdyels ùu o ksid m%dka;
ck;dj ;=< miqnEfï yeÕSula we;s úh'
kuq;a bxÈhdkq rch ;j ÿrg;a m%dka;fha
nyq mdlaIsl m%cd;ka;%jdohla we;s ùu
je,elaùfï ;u merKs ms<sfjf;ys u
t,an f.k isáfha h' 1966 Tlaf;daïn¾
ui fuu m%foaYfha pdßld lrñka w.ue;s
bkaÈrd .dkaê lshd isáfha ldYaórhg
fldka . % i h yer fjk;a mla I hl
wjYH;djhla fkdue;s nj h' fjk;a
mlaIhla we;s jqj fyd;a th wjidkfha
ljr u.la .kSo hkak lsj fkdyels
ksid th Nhdkl
nj wE jeäÿrg;a
mejiqjd h' bÈßfha
meje;a ù ug hk
ue;sjrK ksoyia yd idOdrK tajd
fkdjk njg fuh ne?reï weÕùula
úh' th tfiau isÿ úh'
mqreÿ mßÈ ldYaór ñáhdjf;a uqia,sï
nyq;rhla jdih lrk fldÜGdY j,
wfmalaIlhska f.a kdu fhdackd m;%
m%;slafIam ùu isÿ úh' fldka.%ia fkdjk
wfma l a I lhka f.ka 140 lf.a kdu
fhdackd m;% idjoH njg ;SrKh jqKs'
cdka iex kdhlhl= jk fnda,a rdÊ
ueâfydka m%ldY lrk ,oafoa úreoaO
wfmalaIlhkaf.a kdu fhdackd m;% uyd
mßudK j m%;l s fa Iam ùu" l,ska ixúOdkh
lrk ,oaola nj h' fufia m%;slafIam
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;yjqre lrk ,smsh wuqKd fkdue;s nj
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bÈßm;a lf<a kdu fhdackd m;% j,ska
tajd .,jd ±ófuka wk;=rej h' ldYaór
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;uka i;= lr.;a wdik 21 la iuÕ
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úreoa O mla I wfma l a I lhs k a g /ls h d
ms ß keóu" kdu fhda c kd m;% l,g
fõ,djg msrùfuka je,elaùu i|yd
úreoaO mlaI kdhlhska lSm fofkl=
meyerf.k hEu" ue;sjrK lghq;= i|yd
rdcH hka;%h fhdod.ekSu" w; È. yer
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fldka . % i a wfma l a I lhka i|yd cka o
m;%sldj, msgm;a iE§u" fmd,sia myr§ï
iy úreoa O wfma l a I lhs k a f.a cka o
tacka;hka w;awvx.=jg .ekSu" Pkao
fmd,j,a wjika fudfydf;a muKla újD;
ls Í u u.s k a úreoa O wfma l a I lhka g
;ukaf.a tacka;jreka heùu i|yd ld,h
yd wjia:dj fkd,eîu" Pkao odhlhska
fkdmeñKs l, ks,OdÍka iuÕ .efgñka
fldka.i % a ksfhdað;hska tu ckao m;%l
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úNd. flduidßia
miai ìu wek .kS
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hqo m%ldY l< úNd. flduidßia Tyqg
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fõ'
fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h fgrkaia mqrisxy lsiÿ
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is á md,l mÍla I l ;k;= r ±rE
8 Tlaf;dan¾ 2010
uydpd¾hjrhl= ,jd fgrkaia mqrisxy
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úNd. flduidßiajrhd ;ukaf.a
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b;sx f,ala yjqia f,dlaldf.a wdjf;ajlrejka fofofkla jk liqß yd uyskao
jkafka Wiia fm< iïuka;%Kj, § Tyq
wfíiqkaor ;uhs¨' ±ka f,ala yjqisfha jev lrk wh f.or heùfï fldka;%d;a
úiska m%Yak m;% idlÉPd lr we;s nj
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l%h
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m;% we.hSu j¾ckh lrk nj okajkq lshj bkakj¨'
,en ;sfí' ta wkqj ish ;skaÿj yl=,d
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fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h fgrkaia mqrisxyj
W;a;r m;% we.hSfï m%Odk mÍlaIl 2030 § md¾,sfïka;=j
f,i m;alrkq ,en ;sfí'
ckdêm;s fï <ÕÈ ojil bkaÈhdkq uQ¾;s Ys,amsfhla f.kak, thdg lsõj¨
2030 § ,xldfõ md¾,sfïka;=fõ uQ¾;shla wUkak lsh,' tal n,kak i;shlska

zzyrhZZ m%Odk l¾;D

cd;Hka;r ckudOHfõ§kaf.a iuq¿jg
w m ~~yrh~~ mqj;amf;a m%Odk l¾;D yd Y%S ,xld jD;a;Sh m;% l,dfõ§kaf.a
ix.ufha jevn,k iNdm;s {dkisß fld;a;sf.dv tys ksfhdað;hd f,i cd;Hka;r
ckudOHfõ§kaf.a jd¾Isl iuq¿j ksfhdackh lsÍu i|yd nd,s Èjhsk n,d miq.sh
od msg;aj .sfhah' Èk ;=kla mqrd meje;afjk fuu iuq¿j ;=< § úfYaIfhka
cd;Hka;r mßudKj ckudOHfõ§ka ;ukaf.a j.lSï bgq lsÍfï § md,l
foaYmd,k{hka fj;ska t,a, jk Ôú; ;¾ck j,g uqyqK § ;u jD;a;sfha
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weyeõj¨' t;fldg lsõj¨ ta jdiq-äõ-;siai lsh,'

wurfoajg fcdí tlla

yuqodj wjidk hqOfha § 56 nKavdrKdhl yomq wdKavqfõ ysáh¨ ußlald¾ lsh, weue;sjrfhla'
thdg ix.S;h .ek tfyu jeä ±kSula ;snqfk keye¨' Th wjêfh ví'ã'

f*diamria fndaïn
wurfoaj .=jka úÿ,s .dhlfhla¨' ta;a tfyu f,dl= m%isoaêhla ;sfhk flfkla
tfyu fkfjhs¨' Tkak b;sx ojila wr ußlald¾ lshk weu;s ;=ud .=jka úÿ,s
ixia:djg fmdä jev igyklg .shd¨' Th fj,dfõ wurfoaj;a b|, ;sfhkj
.=jka úÿ,s ixia:dj ;=<' b;sx weu;sjrhd ;ukaf.a jevigyk bjr fj,d

mdúÉÑ l<d
zziqv¾ T,sZZ jd¾;dj lshhs
W .;a mdvï iy ixysÈhd fldñiu ^Lessons Learnt and Reconcilation
Commission - LLRC& bÈßfha ;ukaf.a w;aoelSï bÈßm;a lrñka tka' iqkao¾uQ¾;s
^mQkßka lDIsl¾u ixj¾Ok wêldßfha ks,Odßfhls& bÈßm;a l< idlaIsh tfia
iema;eïn¾ 20 od ~~iqv¾T,s~~ mqj;am; ;u m%Odk jd¾;dj f,i bÈßm;a l<dh'
fldßfvdaj Èf.a weúof.k tkfldg wurfoaj uQKgu uq,sÉÑ Wkd¨' ta ldf,
wurfoaj fyd| ;reKh¨' b;sx wurfoaj uQKg uQK yuq jqk .uka weu;s;=ud
~~yd fldfyduo b;sx@~~ lsh, weo, meo, weyqju" wurfoaj;a jrola kE weu;s
;=ud fyd¢ka bkakjd lsh, lsõju" B<Õg weyeõj¨ b;sx fudlo ±ka lrkafka
lsh,' ta mdr wurfoaj lsõj¨ iskaÿ lshkj lsh,' fufyu lshmq .uka
ußlald¾ weu;sjrhd wurfoajf.a msgg;a fmdä ;Ügqjla od, lsõj¨ ~~yaï''
b;sx isxÿ lsh lshd bo, yßhkafka kEfka'''' fkao@ krlo fudlla yß fmdä
riaidjla fydhd .;af;d;a'''''~~ lsh,'
fyK f.äh

iema;eïn¾ 18 isg 20 olajd" tod hqO .egqï meje;s W;=re m%foaYfha LLRC h ;u
idlaIs úuiSï jdr meje;a jQ w;r" thg ;u idlaIs bÈßm;a lsÍu i|yd úYd,
jYfhka msßia iyNd.S ù we;' tys nyq;r ksfhdackh ù we;af;a ldka;djka h' h<s mqnqÿjuq wfm fmd;a ál fydrg fl<x
~~iqv¾ T,s~~ m, l< jd¾;dfõ fufia o i|yka h' ~~''''wdrlaIs; l,dmhka u;g m%ydr whs'tï't*a' - f,dal nexl=j wuqfâ yx.f.k
t,a, lsÍug meñKs .=jka hdkd j,g mjd LTTE h m%ydr t,a, l<d' tajdg Wv odf.k miai fok fldg ueouq,fka
m%;sm%ydr §fï § yuqodj ;ykï fmdl=re fndaïn yd f*diamria fndïn mdúÉÑ
l<d' fï fya;=fjka úYd, Ôú; ydks isÿ jqKd' Èkm;d 400-600 w;r m%udKhla fldrkakg fohla ;sfhhao ug b;=re fj,d@
Ôú; wysñ fjk w;f¾ 1000 lg muK ;=jd, isÿ jqKd' fïl uyd ìhlre
;;ajhla jqKd' fï uyd weoysh fkdyels ;rfï wudrelï uOHfha wms yuqod md,k
m%foaY j,g meñKshd' n,h ke;s l,g w,s megjqks ldg;a
wdrlaIs; l,dm m%foaY j, fmdaIHodhS wdydr ;snqfka kE' fndkak j;=rj;a ;snqfka
iï;ska mdrj,a ke;s nj oksñ uu
kE' keõ j,ska l< iemhqï .sfha LTTE fha w;a j,g' Tjqkaf.a .nvd j,g' Tjqka udf.a .dK hï;ug ,enqKg fmr jdf.a
wdydr isú,a jeishkag fnodyeßfha i,dl l%uhg hs' fmd,aj, ysÕ;djh ksid wms
wy,my< m%foaY j,g tajd wyq,d .kak .shd' tfyu .sh iuyre we;=,g ldjÈk w,s megjqfka kslx ysgq udj urx fkdld
yuqod LKav j, fjämyßka ñh .shd'~~

^ LLRC fldñiug ÿka idlaIs mokï lrf.k isxy, mdGlhka fjkqfjka .=fKhd úiska tjk ,È'
,nk ~~yrh~~ u.ska tys jd¾;djla bÈßm;a lsÍug wfmAAlaId lruq'&

w;HdjYH NdKav ñ, wvq lrõ` jegqma §ukd jeä lrõ`

143" lsõ mdr" fld<U 02" mÈxÑ {dKisß fld;a;sf.dv jk ud úiska fld<U 02" fjf,daka mefiaÊ ys Tiaúka uqøKd,fha uqøKh lrk ,È'