fjí: news.slpa.

lk/theertha ISSN: 2448-9948 m<jk ldKavh 03 jk l,dmh 2021 fkdjeïn¾

zzfld<U jrdh i;= úNjhka

yd YlH;djhka uekúka
oek ye¢k lghq;= lsÍug
ksrka;rfhka lemfjuqZZ
jrdh yd kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok

fld<U jrdfha fufyhqï

Odß;djh by<g

f,dalfha úYd,;u ny¨

fk!ldj fld<U jrdhg

Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha

fiajl jegqma úIu;d úi|hs
1

Y%S ,xldfõ jrdh fCIa;%fha isÿ lrk úYd,;u wfhdackh
fld<U jrdfha ngysr m¾hka;h bÈlsÍu i|yd jk Y%S ,xld
jrdh wêldßh iy fld<U ngysr cd;Hka;r m¾hka;h (CWIT)
wdfhdack md¾Yjldr bkaÈhdfõ wodkS iud.u yd Y%S ,xld
ksfhdað; fcdakalS,aia iud.u w;r .súiqu wo Èk ^30 iema;eïn¾
2021& fld<U § w;aika ;eìKs'
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh fjkqfjka tys iNdm;s lms;dka
ksyd,a lemafmáfmd, yd l<uKdldr wOHCI Wmq,a ch;siai hk
uy;ajreka o wodkS fmda¾Üia wekaâ iafmI,a bfldfkdñla fidka
iud.u fjkqfjka tys iNdm;s ika§ma fufy;d uy;d o" fcdaka
lS,aia iud.u fjkqfjka tys iNdm;s l%sYdka ndf,akaø uy;d o
w;aika ;nk ,È'
jrdh yd kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok" bkaÈhdkq
uyflduidßia w;s.re f.damd,a n.af,a uy;d" jrdh yd kdúl
wud;HxYfha f,alï hQ'ã'iS' ch,d,a" Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha
Wm iNdm;s wdpd¾h m%ika; chudkak hk uy;ajrekaf.a
m%Odk;ajfhka fuu .súiqï .;ùu isÿ jQ w;r iQï ;dCIKh Tiafia
bkaÈhdfõ isg wodkS fmda¾Üia wekaâ iafmI,a bfldfkdñla fidka
ys iNdm;s ika§ma fufy;d yd tu iud.fï m%Odk úOdhl ks<OdÍ
2
ljrfha l;dj
jix.; frda.hg kk;= jQ frda.sfhl= frday, fj; .sh
fudfydf;a ish .; i;md,kakh ihkhla fkdue;s
;;a;ajhl § m;ajk wmyiq;djh wu;=fjka lsj hq;=
fkdfõ' th tmuKlg u fõokdldÍ w;aoelSuls'
fldfrdakd jix.; ;;a;ajh iS.% jHdma;sh yuqfõ furg
frday,a moaO;sfha we;s fldúâ frda.Ska i|yd jQ .s,ka
we|ka m%udKhg idfmaCIj frda.Skaf.a m%udKh by< hEfï
w¾nqoldÍ ;;a;ajhg läkï úi÷ï ,nd§fï ukqiailu
fmroeß lr .;a jrdfha yoj;a tlai;a ú h' jrdh yd
kdúl .re wud;H;=udf.a Wmfoia mßÈ Èk oyfhka we|ksa
oyila läkñka ksIamdokh lr fi!LH wxY fj; ,nd
§fï jevigyk jrdh mßY%fha w;s id¾:l f,i l%shdjg
kexjqKs'
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha bxðfkare fldÜGdYh hgf;a we;s
jeoaÿï wxYh u.ska fuu .s,ka we|ka ieliSfï lghq;= isÿ
l< w;r" ish m%Yia; odhl;ajh uqiq lrñka tu l%shdjg
Ôjh ÿka jrdh iyDohka fofofkl=f.a l%shdkaú;fhka
fujr ;S¾: uq,a msgqj ierfia'
lrka wodkS hk uy;ajre iyNd.s jQ w;r bkaÈhdfõ Y%S ,xld
uyflduidßia ñ,skao fudrf.dv uy;d o iQï ;dCIKh Tiafia
iyNd.s úh'
CWIT fyj;a zzfld<U ngysr cd;Hka;r m¾hka;hZZ bÈ lsÍu
wefußldkq fvd,¾ ñ,shk 700 lg wêl uQ,H wdfhdackhls' fuh
,xldfõ isÿ lrkq ,nk b;d úYd, wfhdackhla f,i o ye¢kafõ'
fuu .súiqu BOT fyj;a bÈfldg" fufyhqïlr kej; mjrd §u
hgf;a l%shd;aul .súiqula jk w;r .súiqï ld,h jir 35ls'
fuu m¾hka;h bÈlsÍu;a iu. fld<U jrdfha jd¾Isl ny¨
(TEU) fufyhqu ñ,shk 03lska by< hkq we;'
fuu .súiqï .; ùu fya;=fjka we;sjk oejeka; ixj¾Okfha
m%;sM,hla f,i flakaøSh cd;Hka;r jrdhla f,i fï jk úg
f.dvk.df.k we;s lS¾;s kduh ;jÿrg;a jeä jk w;r" l,dmSh
iyfhda.S;dj o fï ksid Yla;su;a jk nj fj<| yd kdúl
fCIa;%fha úYajdihhs' tfuka u fuu wdfhdackh ksid jrdh
fCIa;%h o rfÜ cd;sl wd¾Ólh Yla;su;a ùu o iqúfYaIS ;;a;ajhla
f,i oelaúh yelsh'
 kdúl wOHdmkfha fyg oji
Y%S ,dxflah fiiq m%jdyk l%ufõohka fiau kdúl m%jdykh
o ;ju;a l%shd;aul jkafka m<mqreoao yd w;aoelSï uQ,sl
lrf.k h' fuu fCIa;%fhys kshq;= msßia ;SrK .ekSu
i|yd hdj;ald,Sk oekqu yd kùk m¾fhaIKhka yS m%Yia;
odhl;ajh fj; fhduq ùfï ld,hla fj; wm fhduq ù
isákafkuq'
idfmaCI jYfhka .;a l< wjYH oekqñka ikakoaO úoHd¾Òka
msßila furg úYajúoHd, j,ska ìysfjñka mj;S' tkï furg
úYaj úoHd, moaO;sh fj; iuqøSh fCIa;%h yd fiajd iemehqï
fCIa;%fhka úIh Odrdjka f,iska ye¢k.ekSug fï jk úg
furg ;reK ¥ mq;=ka fj; wjldY ysñ ù we;s neúks'
th furg kdúl yd iuqøSh fCIa;%hg fuka u furg g úfoaY
úksuh /f.k tk kj l%ufõohka w;rg o tlafjkq we;'
tkï mqyqKq udkj iïm;a f,iska úfoaYSh iuqøSh yd m%jdyk
fCIa;% fj; Y%S ,dxlslhka fhduq lsÍu ;=<sks'
;j o Y%S ,xldj ;=< m%jdyk yd ld¾h iïmdok fCIa;%fha
.eg¿ldÍ ;;a;ajhka y÷kdf.k tajdg WÑ; ms<shï fiùu
fuka u ksis l%fudamdhhka ;=<ska Wmdhud¾.sl ;;a;ajhka
wOHhkh o fuu mqyqKq udkj iïm; Wmhqla; lr .ekSfï §
ldf,daÑ; h' úêu;a yd ldf,daÑ; m%dfhda.sl Ndú;hla ;=<ska
iuqø m%jdykh yd ld¾h iïmdokh .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka
iy by< uÜgï lrd /f.k hEfï w;Hka; jeo.;alï fï
ms<sn| fCIa;%fha m%ùKhka úiska fmkajdfokq ,nhs'
fiajd iemhqï f,iska jerÈ w¾:l:khlg ,la jQ ld¾h
iïmdokh (Logistics) kï jQ úIh fCIa;%h iïnkaOfhka
Ydia;%d,Sh mßphla ,enqjka kj m%jdyk fCIa;%h yereKq
úg uDÿldx. ixj¾Ok" nexl=" f¾.= we;=¿ fCIa;% /il by<
b,a¨ula mj;sk neõ wmf.a wOHdmk yodrK ore le, fiau
Tjqkg bf.kqï l%shdj,sfhys fhfok .=reNj;=ka úIfhys
o m%dudKsl wjfndaOhla fkdue;slu fÄockl ;;ajhls'
Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd idïm%odhsl h,a mek .sh úIh
Odrdjka wOHhkh mfil,d ld¾h iïmdokh (Logistics)
iuqøSh m%jdykh jeks kejqï úIh fCIa;% fj; wmf.a ;reK
mrmqr fhduq lsÍu i|yd j.lSï oeÍug ;S¾: mdGl Tn;a
fldgialrefjl= ùfï ld,h t<U we;' ffjoH" kS;s"
.=re wd§ jD;a;Ska fiau kdúl iuqøSh yd ld¾h iïmdok
fCIa;%hka fj; Tfí ¥ orejka fhduq lsÍug fukau tu
fCIa;%hkaf.a /lshdj, we;s by< b,a¨ï ;;ajhka yd
cd;Hka;rhg msúiSfï jeo.;alu ms<sn| ksis f,iska Tjqka
oekqj;a lsÍfï NdrOQr wjia:dj Tn fj; mejÍ we;s nj
lsisfia;a wu;l fkdl< hq;=u h'

l<uKdlrK l¾;D Ñ;%d,a chj¾K ksÍCIKh ks,ka; b,x.uqj" y¾I Wohldka; mSßia" ldjH bkaøð;a" iïm;a l=U,d;r
ixialrKh Wmq,a .=ref.a msgq ieliqu WÈ; pkaok iydh msgq ieliqu Èuq;= f;kakfldaka
mß.Kl wl=re weuqKqu f¾Kqld ouhka;s" yIsks ufyaIsld
PdhdrEm ã'fla' je,sl," uyskao f;kakfldaka" jika; m;srK"
iïnkaëlrKh È,arela chfialr" ixÔj úfÊfialr" foaúld fyÜáwdrÉÑ" ikaOHd ú;dk" tï't*a't*a' *¾idkd
;dCI‚l iydh reCIdka iurër" wixl rdcmCI" ,CIauka vhia

Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh

ikaksfõok yd uyck iïnkaO;d
jHdpk igyk • fuu iÕrdfõ olajd we;s f;dr;=re iy woyia wod, rplhdf.a$ rplhkaf.a woyia jk w;r tajd wksjd¾hfhka u Y%S ,xld jrdh fldÜGdYfha m%ldYkhls
wêldßfha u;h ms<sìUq fkdlrhs' Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha ikaksfõok yd uyck iïnkaO;d fldÜGdYh úiska m%ldYhg m;a lrk ;S¾: ys m<jk
f;dr;=rej,ska m%fhdack .; yels foa iïnkaOfhka Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh j.lsj hq;= fkdfõ' Web: news.slpa.lk/theertha
Tel: 011 2483460
3 Fax : 011 2451917
 ld¾hCIu fiajdjla iemhSug wms
iuqÿre fiajdfõ wNsudkh
06 Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh 08 hdj;ald,Sk úh hq;=hs
m%Nd;a chka; - wOHCI ^fiajd iemehqï&

jrdh yd kdúl fufyhqï i|yd

18 iemehqï odu l<uKdlrKh mej;s jegqma úIu;djh ksjerÈ lr
kj jegqma jHqyhla wms ks¾udKh l<d
10 k,ska wfmdkaiq - wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok&

kdúl m%jdykh yd
22 wka;¾cd, Ndú;h
fï rgg úfoaY úksuh Wmßufhka ,nd §u
16 wmf.a wNs,dYhhs
úkSkaø ùruka - iNdm;s - Y%S ,xld keõ ixia:dj
Logistics
24 isxyf,ka lshùug wjia:djla

cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï

26 wdrlaIl ix.%yh
34 bkaÈhka ihqf¾ uqyqÿ fld,a,ldr ;¾ckh wjikao''@

kdúl fCIa;%fha kj m%jk;d

32

fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a mk;

38

02 Y%S ,xldfõ jrdh fCIa;%fha isÿ lrk úYd,;u wfhdackh

20 f,dalfha úYd,;u ny¨ fk!ldj fld<Ug

Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha újD; jQ

22 rdcH wdh;khl fiajlhska fjkqfjka bÈjqKq
m<uq wx. iïmQ¾K
fldúâ w;rueÈ m%;sldr uOHia:dkh

31 ;j;a uyd úkdYhla je,l+ Seaspan

kefõ wï, ldkaÿj

4
 jix.; wNsfhda. yuqfõ fkdie,S fmrg
fi!Nd.Hfha bÈß oelau Tiafia fmrg hk Y%S ,xldj" kdúl jrdhhla f,iska ish fiajdjka mq¿,a lrñka fmr wmr foÈ.
flakaøhla njg m;a lsÍfï wNs,dYfhka wms ksr;=reju tlai;aj hd lrk kdúl flakaøhla lrd hk .ufka §" rg jgd msysá
tlais;aj lghq;= lrkafkuq' m%dfoaYSh jrdhhka k.d isgqùug o wjYH ie,iqï ks¾udKh lr
flakaøSh jrdhhla f,iska fld<U jrdh i;= úNjhka yd ;sfí' úfYaIfhka u hqfkiaflda Wreuhla f,i ie,flk .d¨
YLH;djhka uekeúka oek ye¢k lghq;= lsÍug ksrka;rfhka fldgq mjqr wdY%s;j msysá .d,a, jrdh mQ¾K ixpdrl l,dmhla
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha iy jrdh yd kdúl wud;HxYfha fia ixj¾Okh lrñka wdishdfõ úYsIaG jQ;a" wdl¾IkSh jQ;a
ish¨ msßjr ish j.lSï yd hq;=lï fkdmsßfy,d bgqlrñks rej,a hd;%d l,dmhla njg m;alsÍfï YlH;djh ms<sn| uúiska
isáhs' miq.sh ld, mßÉfþoh ;=< isÿ jQ iqjia we, ud¾.h yd isÿ lrk ,o .d¨ jrdh ixpdrfha § ug mila ú h' msysàfï
iïnkaO isÿùu ;=<ska ks¾udKh jQ ixisoaêh ;=<ska kdúl fCIa;%h wmQ¾j;ajh yd ixialD;sl miqìu hdj;ald,Sk lrñka uqyqo yd
f,dalfha meje;aug fld;rï w;HjYH o hkak ikao¾Ykj ine÷Kq ixpdrl mdrd§ihla njg .d,a, jrdh mßj¾:kh lsÍfï
w;aúkafouq' tfuka u fld<U jrdh wdikakfha tlaiam%ia m¾,a h:d¾:jd§ ie,iqï kqÿf¾§ u l%shdjg kexùug wfmaCId lrñ'
fk!ldj .sksn;a ùfï fYdaldka;h ;=<ska flakaøSh jrdhhl fldúâ-19 jix.; ;;a;ajh yuqfõ jqj o wLKavj ish fufyhqï
ld¾hNdrfha jeo.;alu w¾: l%uhla l%shdj,sh m%Yia; f,iska isÿ lrk iuia; jrdh fiajl m%cdj yd
f,iska ye|sk .;af;uq' ksis l%ufõoh l<uKdldÍ;ajh ms<sn| ud ;=, we;af;a f.!rjKSh m%idohls'
Tiafia wdmod wjia:djkays § ish jir .Kkdjla ;siafia fiajl uy;au uy;aóka yg úYd,
odhl;ajh m%Yia: f,i oelaùug .eg¿jlaj meje;s jegqma úIu;djka úi|d .ekSug wjYH
fld<U jrdh m%uqLj lem ù lghq;= i,idfoñka ta i|yd kshuq ld¾hh Wfoid wem lem
isák neõ cd;Hka;rh fj; ùug yelsùu ms<sn|jo ud ;=< we;af;a m%S;shls'
ixcdkkh lr wjika h' fldúâ wê jix.; ;;a;ajh furáka ;=rkaj hym;a
tjka lghq;a;l § jrdh yd idudÔh" wd¾Ól ia:dhs;djhla ia:dms; lsÍug wod,
kdúl wud;HxYh f,iska jHdmdr ixj¾Ok ie,eiqï /ila l%shdjg kxjñka tu
ksis mshjr Tiafia leìkÜ Odß;djh mq¿,a lsÍu o udf.a jrdh yd kdúl fCIa;%h
uKav, wkque;sh ,nd f.k yd ne÷Kq fyg ojfia wNs,dYhls' tu wNs,dYhka
m%Yia: f,i ikakoaO ùug" id¾:l lr .ekSug wo fuka u fyg ojfia § o Tn
il%shj l%shdldÍ ùug wjYH ieuf.a Yla;su;a odhl;ajh uu b; is;ska m%d¾:kd
miqìu ks¾udKh lr ;sfí' lrñ'
fld<U jrdh flakaøSh

5
iuqÿre fiajdfõ wNsudkh
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
igyk -pkaøsld fmf¾rd
fld
<U jrdh msysgqùfï wjYH;djh fjr< ;Srfha
isá mD;=.SiSkaf.a h' Tjqka furgg f.dv nisk
úg;a fld<U uv f.dfydrej,ska" jk i;=kaf.
ka .yk jk fm;ls' fy< rdc iufha tys kd.ßl ckdjdi
fkd;snqKq nj úoaj;a u;hls' jir 500l muK tmsg b;sydifha
fï fmfoi jk .yKfhka hq;= lÈu jk mshila iys; j.=re
j,ska .yK msßisÿ jd;fhka msß c, fmdaIl fmfoils' Èh w.,a
fmd,aj;=" l=Uqre wd§ j.djka iys; idrj;a N+ñh mej;sfha fjrf<ka
Tífí j¾;udk msgfldgqj wdikakfha isg f.dvìï fmfofia h'
j.=r wdikak N+ñfha fjf<|du Ôjfkdamdh lr.;a wkH cd;sl
mjq,a lsysmhla úiQ njg f;dr;=re ;sfí' ì%;dkH wêrdcHjd§kaf.a
hg;a úð; iufha fld<U jrdh;a" k.rh;a ixj¾Okh wdrïNh
jQ nj wújdod;auhl h' ta j¾I 1885 ;rï uE; ld,hhs' tfia jqj
o fld<U jrdhla f,i ia:dms; lsÍfï uQ,sl ie,iqu mD;=.SiSkaf.a
h' hg;a úð;hla ùug fmr wdÈ hq.fha le,Ks .Õ uQ,sl lr
.ksñka fï fmfoi l=vd .x.d iys; mdre .uka .kakd fmfoilaj
mej;sfha h' uqyqÿnv fmfoi mD;=.SiSkaf.a wKilg hg;aùfuka
miq Tjqyq fldgq mjqrla ;kd j.=re c, uQ,dY%h ;jÿrg;a ydrd
jejla njg m;alr ;sfí' fíf¾ jej wdrïNh th njg f;dr;=re
uQ,dY% fmkajd fohs' flfia jqjo ta jk úg o Èh w.,a iys; úYd,
we, ud¾. Tiafia Tre mdre .ukd .ukh isÿj ;sìKs' Èh myr
fomi ukdj jevqKq .iaj,ska mßmQ¾Kj ffcj úúO;ajfhka mQ¾K
jQ fï fmfoi fldgqj msgfldgqj f,i kdulrKh lr we;af;a o
6
mD;=.SiSka h' fld<U k.rh jdKsc k.rhla njg mßj¾;kh ù
we;af;a ,kafoaiSkaf.a wd.ukh iu. h' ,kafoaiSka l=re÷ j.dj
wdrïN lsÍfuka miq úfoaY fj; tajd keõ u.ska m%jdyk lsÍfï
m%Odk ud¾.h fld<U jrdh njg m;aúKs' l=re÷j;a;" weiajdÜgqj'
fnd/,a, iy urodk olajd l=re÷ j.dj ;snqKs' wka;¾cd;slj
.uka .kakd fjf<| keõ fldf<dïf;dfÜ kex.=rï,Eu wkqj
.=oï fiajdj o wdrïNl wjêh fï iuhhs' tfia jqjo fld<U
k.rh ck .ykh jeä ÈhqKqj jk Y=kH ;;a;ajhg m;a jQ wjêh
bx.%Sis hq.hhs' ta wkqj hg;a úð; wdKavqj 1883 § ,xlfõ w.k.rh
fld<U njg m%ldYhg m;alrk ,§' ta wkqj fld<U flakaø
lr.ksñka wmkhk fj<| rgdj wdrïN ú h'
fld<U jrdh ixj¾Okh iy fld<U k.rhla f,i ixj¾Okh
jkafka fï jljdkqfõ § h' uydud¾." ÿïßh ud¾." fld<U
uQ,sl lr.ksñka rfÜ kka foig ;eksKs' tf;la furg meje;s
.%dóh idudkH Ôjfkdamdh wjysr lrñka fld<U flakaø lr .;a
wmkhk rgdjla ìysúh' 1886 jkúg furg m%Odk jrdh njg m;a
jQfha fld<U jrdhhs' Y%S ,xldfõ ld¾ólrK ck rgdj fld<U
j;= ksjdi ìysùu wdrïNh fuh ú h' fld<U jrdh wdY%s;j úúO
wdldrfha /lshd W;amdokh ùu fya;=fjka tf;la lDIsld¾ñl Èú
fmj;lg yqrej isá mjq,aj, ;reK msßi /lshd fidhd fld<Ug
fiakaÿ jQ y' ta whg lïlre /lshd ,eìKs' md,k kdhlhka"
m%Odkh wdh;k ks,OdÍka" hqfrdamd iy furg m%N+ me,eka;sh iy
uqia,sï mjq,a lsysmhla muKla ;snqKq fld<U ckdlS¾K ;;a;ajhg
m;ajQfha fï wkqj h' Ydka; nia;shka" Ydka; mdjqÆ" urodk"
fld,a¨msáh" fldïm[a[ùÈh jeks kdulrKfhka fld<U
fmfoia fjka flrefKa h' l%s'j 1910 § fuu ;;a;ajh ;jÿrg;a
j¾Okh fjñka fudaor yd je,a,j;a; tl;= ù kd.ßl fldÜGdi
11la ú h' l%s'j 1935 § fldÜGdi 20lg o l%s'j 1943 § kej;
fldÜGdi 30 lg o‍ fnokq ,eìKs' miqj lsre<mk o wE|d .eksKs'
j¾I 1958 § kej; fldÜGdi 37la njg m;a flrKs' j¾I 1963 §
th 47lg fnod fjka flßKs' l=vd fldÜGdi jqjo ck .yKh
fndfyda ú h' tod fukau wo olajd o ld¾huh fjkialï /ila
fld<U k.rfha isÿfjñka mj;S' kj fkajdisl rgdj fya;=fjka
fld<U ck .yKh j¾Okh ùu b;d fõ.j;a ú h' ta fya;=fjka
u fld<U jrdh msysá N+ñfha jmißh fjku fmoila f,i fjka
flßKs' 1859 § i¾ fykaß fjdka .d¨ uqjfodr wdrïN lsÍfuka
miq Bg ol=Kska we;s fld,a¨msáh" nïn,msáh" je,a,j;a; fndfyda
fihska ckdjdi ùu blauka ú h' tjlg .d¨ uqjfodr f¾ia msáh
l=re÷j;a;g f.khdu iu. l=re÷j;a; o ckdlS¾K ú h' ksfjia
j,ska iy WoHdk j,ska iukaú;j ;snQ uÜglal=,sh m%foaYfha tod
iudcfha m%N+ mka;sh úiQ y' jrdh ixj¾Okh iu. lïlrejka úYd,
msßila k.rhg fiakaÿ ùfuka miq ta wh i|yd mÈxÑhg ia:dkhla
wjYH ú h' ta wkqj fudjqyq tlaj l=vd N+ñ m%udKhka l=,shg f.k
fldgia j,g fnodf.k mÈxÑ jQ y' úYd, ueÿrej,g iSud ù ;snqKq
fld<U k.rfha ksjdi rgdjg me,am;ao tla jQfha lïlre mka;sfha
wjYH:djh wkqjh' fï ksid fuys úiQ by< uOHu mx;slfhda ;u
wOHdmk wdh;k mjd /f.k ol=Kg iy w.aksÈ.g ixl%uKh jQ
y' tys § ìys jQ m%Odk; u ckdjdih l=re÷j;a; h' tod fld<U
jrdh uQ,sl lr .ksñka ìys jQ lïlre ckdjdi fya;=fjka iudc
mka;s l%uhla ìysùu o olakg ;sìKs' úúO fjkialï fufia
we;sùfï .eg¿jg j¾;udkh olajd u wdKavq úi÷ï ,nd foñka
ck iudcj, .eg¿j,g ms<shï ,nd §ug lghq;= lrhs' fufia ìys
jQ me,am;a ksjdi ysñhka i|yd ;Ügq ksjdi ,nd§fï jevms<sfj<
uyskao rdcmlaI ckdêm;s hq.fha tjlg wdrlaIl f,alïj isá
j¾;udk ckdêm;s f.daGdNh rdcmlaI wdrïN lrk ,§'
tjeks .eg¿ we;s l< o mßudj iy j¾Okh w;ska Y%S ,xld jrdh
f.da,Sh uqyqÿ jrdh w;r by< ;,hlg .uka lsÍu;a iu." Wiia
cd;Hka;r Ndú;hka fld<U jrdh ;=< mj;sk moaO;s lrd f.k
tau i|yd rdcH wdh;k yd fm!oa.,sl iud.ï tla ú h'
1918 isg fld<U jrdh mßmd,k lghq;= lf<a fld<U jrdh
fldñIka iNdfjks' th rcfha fomd¾;fïka;=jls'
j¾;udk hq.h
NdKav yeisrùfï WmlrK iy wfkl=;a há;, myiqlï" kshuq
fiajd" keõ ;gdl msysàu" iemhqï fiajd yd kv;a;= lsÍu ms<sn|
j.lSu tu fomd¾;fïka;=j oeÍ h' wdKavqj isÿ lf<a tu lghq;=
i|yd wruqo,a iemhSu muKs' iqlaldku iy fjr< yeisrùfï
lghq;= fm!oa.,sl fjda¾f*Ê iud.ï lsysmhla i;= ú h'
Y%S ,xldfõ uqyqÿ .ukd.ukfha j;auka hq.h werfUkafka iSñ;
fm!oa.,sl iud.ula f,i 1954 Ceylon Shipping Line Ltd wdrïN
ùu;a iu. h' fkda¾fõ iy iaùvka rchka iu. yjq,a jHdmdrhla
f,i werUqKq fï iud.ug iy,a" fmdfydr jeks oE wdkhkh
lsÍfï n,h mejßKs' w;a;k.,a, iy Chilaw kñka Bg fjf<|
keõ folla wh;a jQfhah' w;a;k.,a, hk kñka ta kej kï
lrkq ,enqfõ tia'ví,sõ'wd¾'ã' nKavdrkdhl w.ue;s;=udf.a .ï
m%foaYh isysùu msKsih' rdcH wdh;khla jQ ,xld keõ ixia:dj
wdrïN lrkq ,enqfõ 1971 iïu; jQ keõ ixia:d mk;g wkql+,jhs'
Y%S ,xld kdúl ld¾udka;fha B<Õ mßfþoh werUqfKa Y%S ,xld
hqfrdamd fiajd i|yd lkafÜk¾ m%jdyk fk!ld .uka wdrïN ùu;a
iu.hs'
fld<U jrdfha m%:u keõ nvq nyd¨ï fiajdj ^lkafÜk¾ fiajdj&
jQfha ´iafÜ%,shdj iy brdKh yjqf,a mj;ajdf.k .sh Aust-Iran
fiajdjhs' ,xld keõ ixia:dj tys tacka;jrhd f,i lghq;= lf<a
h' fuu fiajdfõ fhÿKq hd;%d RO-RO ramps Ndú;d l< w;r
7
1886 jk úg furg m%Odk jrdh njg
m;a jQfha fld<U jrdhhs' Y%S ,xldfõ
ld¾ólrK ck rgdj fld<U j;=
ksjdi ìysùu wdrïNh fuh ú h'
fld<U jrdh wdY%s;j úúO wdldrfha
/lshd W;amdokh ùu fya;=fjka
tf;la lDIsld¾ñl Èú fmj;lg
yqrej isá mjq,aj, ;reK msßi /
lshd fidhd fld<Ug fiakaÿ jQ y' ta
whg lïlre /lshd ,eìKs' md,k
kdhlhka" m%Odkh wdh;k ks,OdÍka"
hqfrdmd iy furg m%N+ me,eka;sh iy
uqia,sï mjq,a lsysmhla muKla ;snqKq
fld<U ckdlS¾K ;;a;ajhg m;ajQfha
fï wkqj h'
fÜ%,¾j,ska lkafÜk¾ m%jdykh isÿ ú h' jev ìfï§ lkafÜk¾
tiùu i|yd Folk Lift Ndú;h werôKs' yjq,a jHdmdrhla f,i
mej;s kdúl ixia:dj lvd jeàfuka miq th Y%S ,xld jrdh
wêldßh md,kh hg;g m;a flßKs' f,dalfha mj;sk kdúl
.ukd .uk fiajdj wkqj ;uka yuqfõ we;s wNsfhda. ch.ekSug
jevms<sfj<la kdúl ixia:dj ilid .; hq;=j ;sfí'
id.r .ukd .ukfha jeo.;a u ia:dkhl msysá Y%S ,xldj keõ
nvq yeisrùfï f.da,Sh uOHia:dkhla njg m;a lr .ekSug we;s
yelshdj ms<sn| ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= h' tu NdrOQr ld¾hfha jeä
fldgi Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh u; mejfrhs' ld¾hlaIu;dh
w;ska b;d by< uÜgul isák fld<U jrdh ny¨ wx.Kh kùk
wjYH;d wkqj ia:dms; lsÍu w;HjYH h'
u¾uia:dk w;r wxl tl
j¾;udkfha we;s jix.; frda. ;;a;ajh yuqfõ rgg we§ tk
úfoaY úksuh wju ùfï wjOdkug wfkl=;a rgj,a fukau Y%S
,xldj o uqyqK § isà' tjeks wjia:djl wd¾:sl ixj¾Okh Wfoid
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh i;= j.lSï w;s úYd, h' bkaÈhka id.rfha
kef.kysr" ngysr hd flfrk uqyqÿ ud¾.fha m%Odk Wmdhud¾.s
l jrdhla f,i we;s fld<U jrdhg f,dj ysñjkafka iqúfYaIs
ia:dkhls' fï ksid u ish ld¾hhka mq¿,a lsÍug Y%S ,xld jrdh
wêldßhg iajNdjO¾ufhka u jeä bvla ,nd § we;s nj f;areï.;
hq;= h' jrdh j¾Okh lsÍfï j.lSu wdKavqj oeßh hq;= h' /lshd
W;amdokfha iy úfoia úksuh furg /f.k tafï f;da;ekakla
jk fld<U jrdh fukau m¾hka; fm!oa.,sl lrKh lsÍu
flfiaj;a wkqu; fkdl< hq;= h'
1980 j¾Ifha § laùka t<sin;a jrdh fõÈldfjka wdrïN jQ jrdh
l%shdj,sfha j¾;udk b,lalh úh hq;af;a furg uqyqÿ iSudj yryd
.uka lrk ;sia oyilg wêl fk!ldj,g wjYH iemhqï iy
fiajdjka ,nd§u i|yd f.kajd .ekSfï wdl¾IKh we;s lr .ekSu
h' ld¾hlaIu iy wdl¾IKSh fiajdjla ,nd§ug l%u iïmdokh
i|yd hqyqiq¿ úh hq;= h'
fld<U jrdfha m<uq m¾hka;h f,i 1980 jif¾ § ch ny¨
m¾hka;h tla ú h' t;eka isg oYlhl ld,fha § th m¾hka;
PdhdrEmh - wka;¾cd,fhks 30 msgqjg
wo jk úg jrdfha fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%h
wNsfhda.d;aul fj,d wms ta ms<sn| l;d lruq'
f.da,ShlrKh;a újD; wd¾:slh;a ;=, we;s
jQ fj<|fmd, ;r.ldÍ;ajh ksid f,dj mqrd
NdKav iemhqï l%shdoduhg myiqlï i,ik
fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%h kj ;dlaIKhka
Tiafia fõ.fhka mßKdukh ù we;s w;r th
iEu jrdhlg fukau rglg o wNsfhda.d;aul
lghq;a;la ù we;'
ta wkqj fj<|fmd, b,aÆu wkqj jrdh muKla
fkdj rgl fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%h mq¿,aj
wOHhkh fldg ta i|yd ;sridr yd kj
l%ufõo Tiafia ie,iqï f.dvk.d l%shd;aul
l< hq;=h'
ny¿ fufyhqï jrdhla f,i fld<U jrdh
f,dalfha by< ia:dkhla ,ndf.k isáho"
f,dalfha tla tla rgj, fiajd iemhqï
wxYfha ld¾hidOkh uekSu i|yd Ndú;lrk
o¾Ylh f,i Logistics Performance Indicator
(LPI) i|yd wm rfÜ o¾Ylh b;d fyd|
ia:dkhl fkdmj;S' tneúka jrdh yd
wfkl=;a iïnkaê; fiajdjka ld¾hlaIu;djh
iy myiqlï by< kxjd wod, o¾Ylfha by<
ia:dkhl wm rg Tijd ;eîu wmf.a m%Odk
wNsfhda. w;ßka tlls'
fiajd iemhqï flakao%hla f,i fld<U jrdh
hk .ufka § fiajd iemhqï fldÜGdifha
ld¾h Ndrh w;s úYd,hs'
fld<U jrdh tla tla fldÜGdihka uÕska
,nd fok fiajdjka ie,lSfï § kejla
jrdhg fiakaÿ lrùu kdúl fldÜGdYh
u.ska fufyhjk w;r" kefõ NdKav megùu
yd f.dvnEu l%shdlrjk fldÜGdih u.ska
fufyhjhs'
tu f.dvndk ,o NdKav fma%IK,dNSka fj;
wod, .dia;= wh lr .ekSfuka miqj ksjerÈj
yd läkñka Ndr§u" w¾O ny¿ ^LCL& .=oï
.; lsÍu yd fma%IK,dNSka fj; Ndr§u" rgj,a
lsysmhlska meñfKk iy rgj,a lsysmhla
fj; heùug kshñ; NdKav f;d. fjkalr
.nvd lsÍu" fufyhqï lsÍu yd ,nd§u keõ.;
lsÍu ^Multi Country Consolidation - MCC&
wka;rd, fj<|dï ^Enter Port& i|yd myiqlï
ie,iSu" nkaê; .=oï ^Bonding& fiajd iemhSu
yd wfkl=;a jrdh wdY%s; iïnkaê; fiajdjka
iemhSu' wm fldÜGdifha m%Odk rdcldßka
w;rg wh;ah'
jrdfha fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%h ms<sn| fiajd ld¾hCIu fiajdjla iemhSug wms
,dNSkaf.a idOkSh m%;spdr ;sfnkjd" ta .ek
l;dlruq'
we;af;kau Tõ'
hdj;ald,Sk úh hq;=hs
m%Nd;a chka; - wOHCI fiajd iemehqï
igyk - Wmq,a .=r8ef.a PdhdrEmh - uyskao f;kakfldaka

rg ;=,g meñfKk w¾O
ny¨ï ioyd wm i;= Odß;djka
m%udKd;aul jk w;r tajdfha
;;a;ajh ;jÿrg;a by,
kexùu ioyd lghq;= l<
hq;=hs' oekg mj;sk .=oïj,
.nvd l, yels Odß;djh by<
kexùu i|yd rdlal iys;
weiqreï l%u y÷kajd§u wd§
lghq;= isÿ lrñka mj;S'
fiajdodhlhska i|yd Wmßu whqßka myiqlï imhñka ld¾hlaIuj
NdKav ksIaldYkh lsÍu i|yd l%ufõo y÷kajd § we;s w;r"
bf,lafg%daksl l%u u.ska ,shlshú,s Ndr §u ^E Doc Submission&
yd bf,lafg%daksl f.ùï ^E-Payment& i|yd myiqlï i,id
we;s w;r ;jo Y%S ,xld f¾.= mß.Kl moaO;sh jk ^ASICUDA&
moao;sh iuÕ wmf.a mß.Kl moao;sh jk ^Cargo Management
System& iïnkaOlr f¾.= wkque;sho jdmamq ,smslrejl= fkdue;sj
bf,lafg%dakslj ,nd.ekSug myiqlï i,id we;' ta
wkqj mq¾K ny¨jla ^FCL& ksoyia lr.ekSu i|yd wdkhklrejl=
fyda Tyqf.a ksfhdað; jdmamq ,smslrejl= jrdhg fkdmeñK jrdh
f.ùï lghq;= yd wkque;shka ,nd.ekSug myiqlï i,id we;s
w;r" mqoa.,sl m¾hka; tu l%shdj,sh wdrïN lsÍug m%:u isg wm
úiska fiajd,dNSkag tu myiqlu ,ndfok ,§'
;jo w¾O ny¿ fufyhqï l%shdj,sh o kj ;dlaIKh iuÕ
uqiqfldg by; wdldrhgu bf,lafg%daksl ,shlshú,s Ndr §u iy
f.ùï lghq;= i|yd myiqlï i,id we;'
fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%fha ;r.ldÍ;ajh iu flakaøSh jrdhla f,i
fld<U jrdh i;= wNsfhda. fudkjdo@
ny¿ fufyhqï j,g wod, há;, myiqlï ixj¾Okh ùu;a iuÕ
fld<U jrdfha fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%hg wod, myiqlï ixj¾Okh
ù fkdue;s w;r" l,dmfha we;s wfkl=;a flakaøSh jrdhka yd
;rÕ lsÍfï § th wNsfhda.d;aul ù we;' isx.mamQre jrdh" vqndhs
jrdh yd bkaÈhdfõ iS.%fhka ÈhqKqfjñka hk jrdhka ie,lSfï
§ fld<U jrdfha fiajd iemhqï wxY j,g wod, há;, myiqlï
ld,Skj ixj¾Okh ù fkdue;'
tneúka l,dmSh kdjql flakaøia:dkh f,i fiajd iemhqï lafIa;%h
;jÿrg;a j¾Okh lrùu yd l,dmSh jHdmdr wdl¾IKh lr .ekSu
i|yd há;, myiqlï ixj¾Okh lsÍug" fiajd .=Kd;aul;djh
by, kexùug lghq;= lrñka mj;S'
ny¨ fufyhqï uOHia:dk ^.=oï& ys ;;ajh l,dmfha fiiq jrdhka
iuÕ Wfrkqr .eà lghq;= lsÍug m%udKj;a lshd Tn is;kjdo@
ke;akï tu ia:dkh ixj¾Okh lsßug fhdað; ie,iqï ;sfnkjdo@
9
MCC fufyhqï" wka;rd, fj<|du yd wfkl=;a fiajd iemhqï
lafIa;%hg wod, fiajdjka j,g wod, fiajdodhlhka r|jd ;nd.
ekSu wNsfhda.d;aul ù we;
úi÷ï f,i kj jHdmD;s lsysmhla ie,iqï uÜgfï mj;sk w;r
läkñka yd jrdh wêldßhg jdis iy.; f,i tu jHdmD;s
l%shd;aul lsÍu isÿl< hq;=h'
í¨uekav,a m%foaYfha we;s lsÍug kshñ; ny¿ fufyhqï uOHia:dk
ixlS¾Kh'
ol=Kq fld<U jrdh wdY%s; m%foaYfha isÿlsÍug kshñ; .=oï
jHdmD;sh'
by; jHdmD;s ksis l%fudamdhka hgf;a l%shd;aul lsÍu ;=<ska kj
wdfhdack yd jHmdr fld<U jrdh fj; wdl¾IKh lr.ekSug
tu.ska kj jHdmdr wjia:d we;slr .ekSug;a yels fõ'
fld<U jrdfha YS;d.dr myiqlï m%udKj;a fkdjk njg hï
woyila ;sfnkjd' fudlo fuys i;H wi;H ;djh'
fld<U jrdfha oekg YS;d.dr myiqlï fkdmj;sk w;r" w;HdjYH
whs;u i|yd muKla jdhq iólrK iys; wju myiqlï hgf;a
fuu fiajdj ,ndfoa' kuq;a fiajdodhlhska f.ka by< b,a¨ula
YS;d.dr myiqlï Wfoid mj;S'
fld<U k.rh wdY%s; idudkH N+f.da,Sh WIaK;ajh 300C jvd by,
w.hla mj;sk w;r" wdkhksl ny¿j, mj;sk fndfyduhla ‍‍‍T!IO
j¾." îu" fpdla,Ü jeks fjk;a md,k WIaK;ajh hgf;a ;eìh
hq;= NdKav i|yd" NdKav wdkhklrejf.ka md,k WIaK;ajh
iys; YS;d.dr i|yd oeä b,a¨ula mj;S' ;jo keõ iy jrdfha ;Sre
nÿ ksoyia wdkhksl NdKav fj<|ie,a i|yd ksl=;a lrkq ,nk
u;a meka" jhska" îu j¾. jeks øjH .nvd lsÍu i|yd o YS;l<
.=oïj, wjYH;djhla mj;S'
kS;suh jYfhka T!IO j¾. wdkhkh lsÍfï §" .nvd lsÍfï §
yd m%jdykh lsÍfï § tla tla T!IO i|yd ;nd .;hq;= md,k
WIaK;ajhka cd;sl T!IO kshduk wêldßh úiska ks¾Kh lr
we;s w;r" wdkhklrejka i|yd tu myiqlï iemhSug jrdh
wêldßh f,i wm ne£ isákjd'
LCL ny¿ iïnkaOfhka wm fj; imqrd,sh yels Odß;djh
fïjk úg blaujd .syska " tjka ;;ajhla ;=< fyg ojfia ie,iqï
flfiao''@
oekg ;sfnk .=oï Odß;djh wkqj uilg ny¨ wä 20 tall 2"500
l m%udKhla fufyhqï isÿ l< yelsfõ' tkï j¾Ihlg 30"000 la
muK fufyhqï lsÍug yelsfõ' rg ;=<g meñfKk w¾O ny¨ï
ioyd wm i;= Odß;djka m%udKd;aul jk w;r tajdfha ;;ajh
;jÿrg;a by< kexùu ioyd lghq;= l< hq;=hs' oekg mj;sk
.=oïj, .nvd l< yels Odß;djh by< kexùu i|yd rdlal iys;
weiqreï l%u y`ÿkajd§u wd§ lghq;= isÿ lrñka mj;S'
fiajd iemhqï" .ig fmd;a;la" fmd;a;g .ila ;rug jrdfha
fufyhqï l%shdj,sh i|yd m%n, n,mEula lrkjd' kuq;a jrdfha
fiajd iemhqï l%shdoduh hdj;ald,Sk lr.ekSug fkdyels
;;a;ajhla Wodfj,d'
fiajd iemhqï fldÜGdih u.ska ,ndfok fiajdjka jrdh fufyhqï
fldÜGdihka" jrdh kdúl fldÜGdihka tlsfklg ne£ mj;sk
oduhla fia mj;sk fldÜGdi ;=kls' tla fldÜGdihla ,ndfok
fiajdfjys ld¾hlaIu;djh wfkla fldÜGdifha iM,;djhg
30 msgqjg
 mej;s jegqma úIu;djh ksjerÈ lr
kj jegqma jHqyhla
wms ks¾udKh l<d
k,ska wfmdkaiq
wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok&
cd;Hka;rh yd ne÷Kq jrdh kï jQ lS¾;su;a wdh;kfha udkj
iïmf;a ys kshuqjd Tyqh' ish OQrhg m;aj jirla jeks ál
ld,hla ;=< jrdfha udkj iïm; m%j¾Okhg Tyq oelajQ odhl;ajh
w;suy;ah' k,ska wfmdkaiq kï jQ f id÷re udkj ys;jdÈhd iu.ska
fuu úfYaI ix,dmh fjka jkafka f iajl jegqma úIu;d uq,skqmqgd
oeóug Tyq oela jQ iqúfYaIS odhl;ajh fya;=fjks10
' 11 msgqjg
igyk - Wmq,a .=ref.a PdhdrEmh - ÿñ÷ y|.u
PdhdrEmh - uyskao f;kakfldaka
j rdfha fiajl uy;au uy;aóka fndfyda
ld,hla n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka ysgmq jegqma
úIu;d wju lsÍug lghq;= lsÍug Tn
fmruqK .;a;d' wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok&
f,iska flfiao th oefkafka''@
jrdh wêldßfha jegqma úIu;d .eg¿j fndfyda
.eUqßka úYaf,aIKh l< hq;a;la f,iskqhs uu
olskafka' jrdh wêldßfha fiajlhkaf.a jegqma
iduQysl .súiqulg wkqj ;SrKh lsÍu l%shd;aul
jqfKa 2006 jif¾ b|,d' ta cd;sl jegqma yd fiajl
ixLHd fldñIka iNdj úiska ,ndÿka ks¾foaY u;
mokïj' 2006 g l,ska Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha
jegqma ;SrKh lf<a tjlg mej;s fiajl ldKav 23
lg hg;aj' ta 1995 b|,d 2006 fjklï ;;ajhka
.ek ne¨fjd;a tjlg mej;s m<uq fY%aKsfha uQ,sl
jegqma re' 15"600 la' my<u fY%aKsfha uQ,sl jegqma
re' 2500 la' tys f.ùï wkqmd;h tfia;a ke;akï
mr;rh 1 ( 6'24 la f,i ;uhs igyka fjkafka'
1998 § m<uq ldKavh;a 23 jk ldKavh;a w;r
mr;rh 1 ( 5'3 la fjkjd' 2001 § th 1 ( 4'4
la fjkjd' 2006 § 1 : 3'59 la njg m;a fj,d
wjidkfha tjlg mej;s jegqma ldKav 23 my<u
jegqma ldKavh NS 2 ldKavh f,i;a" by<u jegqma
ldKavh TLM ldKavh f,ig;a mßj¾;kh m;a
fjkjd' cd;sl jegqma yd fiajl ixLHd fldñIka
iNdfõ ud¾f.damfoaY wkqj ilia l< kj jegqma
jHqyfha my<u ldKavfha uQ,sl jegqm re' 11"600
la njg m;a fjkjd' tys by<u ldKavh jk TLM
ldKavfha uQ,sl jegqm re' 39"500 la' 2006 cd;sl
jegqma yd fiajl fldñIka iNd ks¾foaYhg fmr
mej;s jegqma ldKav 1 isg 8 olajd úOdhl fY%aKSka
JLM isg TLM olajd ldKavh f,ig;a jegqma
ldKav 9 isg 23 olajd úOdhl fkdjk fY%aKshg;a
fjka fj,d ;snqKq merKs jegqma ldKav jHqyh" NS 2
ldKavfha isg SG 1 olajd úOdhl fkdjk ldKavh
f,ig;a ldKavlrKh fjkjd' ta wdldrhg ;uhs
2006 y÷kajd ÿka kj jegqma jHqyh l%shd;aul ùu
wdrïN jqfKa' t;eka mgka 2009 isg 2018 olajd
10 msgqfjka
iduQysl .súiqug wkqj jegqma jeä jqfKa m%;sY;hlska fkfjhs'
fufia m%;sY;hlska f;drj jegqma jeä ùu ksid úOdhl yd úOdhl
fkdjk fiajlhka w;r ;snqKq f.ùï wkqmd; (Pay Ratio) mr;rh
;j;a wvq jqKd' fuys§ úOdhl fkdjk fY%aKs jegqma ldKav j,;a
f.ùï wkqmd; 2006 g idfmalaIj b;d wvq m%udKhlska fyda wvqù
we;s nj fï jegqma jeäùï iudf,dapkh lroaÈ y÷k .kak mq¿jka'
;;ajh fufia ;sìh§ ;uhs 2018 fojk jrg úOdhl ks,OdÍka
i|yd muKla jegqma jeä lsÍu i|yd ks¾foaY ,efnkafk' fuys§
wms ldg;a ms<s.kak fjkjd ldKavfha JLM iy MLM 2 ldKavj,
úfYaIfhkau jegqma .e<mSu wúêu;a wdldrhlska isÿù we;s nj' ta
jf.au úúO md¾Yjhka fï iïnkaOfhka jegqma úIu;djla we;s ùu
ms<sn| úúO w¾:l:k ,ndfokjd' fï iïnkaOfhka tjlg uQ,sl
úfrdaOhla fhduq lrñka jrdh uqo,a fldÜGdYhSh iajdëk fiajl
ix.uh uqo,a wud;HdxYhg we;=¿ wdh;k .Kkdjlg fï jegqma
jeäùfï ldrKh iïnkaOfhka Tjqkaf.a úfrdaOh m< lrkjd'
fï iïnkaOfhka lïlre Widúfha kvq ud¾.hlg hkjd' wms
ljqre;a ms<s.kak ´k oyäh uykaish jeh lr,d Èjd ? fkdn,d
;u Ôú;h lem lrk jrdh wêldßfha uykais fj,d jev lrk
úfYaIfhka úOdhl fkdjk fY%aKs j,g whs;s my<u fiajlhdf.a
b|,d ;dlaIKsl .Kfha iy ld¾hd, .Kfha fiajlhkag ksis
we.hSula iys; jegqma jHqyhla ;sìh hq;=hs' tfyu jqfKd;a ;uhs
Tjqka ;Dma;su;a fj,d ;u odhl;ajh wdh;khg ,ndfokafka' ta
jf.au wms wu;l lrkak fyd| kE uykais fj,d bf.k f.k
jD;a;Sh iqÿiqlï imqrdf.k jrdh wêldßfha úOdhl ks,OdÍka
yeáhg ish¨ j.lSï ;uka w;g wrf.k jrdh wêldßfha Wkak;sh
fjkqfjka lem fjk ks,OdÍkag;a ;ukaf.a fiajhg" j.lSug yd
iqÿiqlï j,g iß,k jegqma jHqyhla ;sìh hq;=h lshk ldrKh'
wdh;khla yeáhg jegqma jHqyhla ks¾udKh lroaÈ fï fomd¾Yjhu
iïnkaOfhka fyd| úYaf,aIKhla lr,d by; i|yka mßÈ lsisÿ
md¾Yjhlg w.;shla fkdjk úÈyg jegqma jHqyhla ks¾udKh
lsÍu ;uhs udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYhg mejfrk m%Odku rdcldßh'
wjqreÿ .Kkdjla ;siafia úúO wjia:djkaj, jegqma iïnkaOfhka
jrdh wêldßfha udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYh iy tys isá ks,OdÍka
lghq;= lr,d ;sfhk nj wms wu;l lrkak fyd| kE' ta w;r" hï
hï wvqmdvq ;sfnk nj;a idOkShj wms ms<s.kak ´k' tafl jro
ldf. yß msg mgjkafka ke;sj" jro jqKq ;ek y÷kdf.k talg
ms<shï fhdok tl ;uhs j¾;udkfha l<ukdldÍ;ajhg lrkak
mq¿jka fyd|u foa' jrdfha by< l<ukdldÍ;ajh fjkqfjka
úOdhl" úOdhl fkdjk fomd¾Yjhgu w.;shla fkdjk mßÈ kj
jegqma jHqyhla ks¾udKh lrkak udkj iïm;a wOHlaI yeáhg
uu lem fjkafka fukak fï isoaOdka; u; mokïj'
2018 úOdhl ks,OdÍkag muKla jegqma jeä lsÍu isÿlrkfldg
l<ukdlrK fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=fjka Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
fj; 2018'07'02 jk Èk fhduq lrmq ,smsfha i|yka fjkjd Y%S
,xld jrdh wêldßh jeks iduQysl .súiqï u.ska jegqma ;SrKh
lrk wfkla wdh;k iu. ii|oa§ Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha kj
jegqma jHqyhla yd iqÿiq jegqma wkqmd;hla Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
úiska ;SrKh lr.; hq;=hs lsh,d' ta i|yd Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
mj;sk uQ,H ;;ajh;a ie,ls,a,g .; hq;=hs lsh,d tu ,smsfha
i|yka fjkjd' fuu ,smsh yd mokïj 2021'03'03 jk Èk rdcH
jHdmdr fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wOHlaI ckrd,ajrhd fhduq l< ,smsfha
3 jk lreK b;d jeo.;a jkjd' tu lreK Wmqgd .;af;d;a"
zzta wkqj 2018'01'01 jk Èk isg l%shd;aul jk mßÈ úOdhl
ks,OdÍkaf.a muKla fojk jrg isÿ lrk ,o jegqma jeäùu
úêu;a NdKavd.dr wkque;shlska f;drj isÿlrk ,o nj ;yjqre
fõ' tneúka l<ukdlrK fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wxl DMS/1710P/I/
11
wdh;khla yeáhg jegqma jHqyhla
ks¾udKh lroaÈ fï fomd¾Yjhu
iïnkaOfhka fyd| úYaf,aIKhla
lr,d by; i|yka mßÈ lsisÿ
md¾Yjhlg w.;shla fkdjk úÈyg
jegqma jHqyhla ks¾udKh lsÍu ;uhs
udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYhg mejfrk
m%Odku rdcldßh
TEMP yd 2018'07'02 Èke;s ,smsh u.ska oekqï § we;s mßÈ Y%S ,xld
jrdh wêldßfha uQ,H ;;ajh yd rdcH jHdmdr iïnkaOfhka
NdKavd.drfha wkqu; jegqma jHqyhg .e<fmk mßÈ úOdhl yd
úOdhl fkdjk ish¨u fiajlhkag idOdrKh jk mßÈ jegqma
l%ufõohla ilia lr uyd NdKavd.drfha wkque;sh i|yd bÈßm;a
lrk f,i Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh oekqj;a lrk fuka ldreKslj
okajd isáñZZ
f,i okajñka jrdh yd kdúl wud;HdxYfha f,alïjrhd
fj; mS'ta'tia' w;=, l=udr ^wOHlaI ckrd,a& rdcH jHdmdr
fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska fhduq lrk ,o ,smsh b;du jeo.;a'
2021 j¾Ifha iduQysl .súiqug wkqj jegqma ixfYdaOkh lroaÈ
úfYaIfhkau úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s 2018 úOdhl ks,OdÍkag
isÿlrk ,o jegqma jeäùu u.ska úOdhl fkdjk fiajlhskag isÿjQ
widOdrKh iïnkaOfhka f,dl= úfrdaOhla mdkjd' uq,skau Wm
iNdm;sjrhdf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s jegqma iudf,dapkh lsÍfï
lñgqfõ§ rcfha jD;a;Sh iñ;sfha ks,OdÍka fï iïnkaOfhka
lreKq meyeÈ,s lrkjd' ta jf.au ta /iaùug tk wfkl=;a jD;a;Sh
iñ;s;a ;u ;ukaf.a u; m%ldY lrkjd' wjidkfha tjlg isá
iNdm;sjrhd iy l<ukdldÍ;ajh ksfhdackh lrmq ks,OdÍka
úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s w;r meje;afjk
idlÉPd jg .Kkdjlska miafia jegqma iïnkaOj wjidk ;SrKh
.ekSu i|yd .re jrdh yd kdúl weu;s frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok
ue;s;=udf.a m%Odk;ajfhka /iaùula meje;afjkjd' tu /iaùfï§
iduQysl .súiqï w;aika lrk c, iïmdok yd c,dmjdyk uKav,h"
úÿ,sn, uKav,h" Lksc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj jeks wdh;kj,
jegqma jeäùu iïnkaOfhka ;SrKhla .kak l,ska jrdh weu;s;=ud
25] lska jrdh fiajlhskaf.a jegqma jeä lsÍug tl.;ajh ,nd§,d
th l%shd;aul lrkak wjia:dj wOHlaI uKav,h fj; ,ndfokjd'
tys§ úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;sj, m%Odk b,a,Sula jk 2018
úOdhl ks,OdÍkaf.a jegqma jeäùfï§ isÿjQ wúêu;a .e<mSï ksjerÈ
lsÍu i|yd lñgqjla m;a lsÍug;a tu lñgqj yryd Tjqkg isÿjQ
widOdrKh ksjerÈ lsÍug ;Skaÿjla .kakd f,i;a iduQysl .súiqug
j.ka;shla tl;= lsÍu ;=<hs fuu jegqma úIu;dj ms<sn| lreK
kS;Hdkql+, f,iska úi÷ula fidhk udj;lg tkafka' ta wkqj"
wOHlaI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok& f,i ud fj; j.lSï rdYshla
mejfrkjd'
jegqma úIu;djh ms<sn| wêldßfha ieuf.a úYajdih we;s lñgqjla
ìys fjkjd' fuu lñgqfõ uQ,sl;ajh .;a idudðlfhl= f,i th
ú.%y lrkafka'
2021 jegqma jeä lsÍï iduQysl .súiqu yd l%shd lsÍug uQ,sl miqìu
ilia lsÍfï j.lSu wud;HdxY f,alïjrhdg mejreKq w;r"
t;=uka ta i|yd ish¨ md¾Yj ksfhdackh jk f,i lñgqjla m;a
12 msgqjg
11 msgqfjka
lrkjd' tu lñgqjg lghq;= lsÍug ish¨ md¾Yjhka tl. fj,d
;uhs 2021 iduQysl .súiqug j.ka;shl=;a tlal th we;=<;a lr,d
w;aika lrkafka' miqj wud;HdxYfha f,alï;=ud úiska lñgqjla
m;a lrkjd' tu lñgqjg uyd NdKavd.drfha ksfhdað;jrfhl=;a
we;+<;a fjkjd' blaì;sj jrdfha fï lñgqjg m;a fjkak tjlg
l<ukdldr wOHlaIjrhdf.a m%Odk;ajfhka by< l<ukdldÍ;ajh
yd uyd NdKavd.drfha ksfhdað;hd w;r /iaùula meje;afjkjd'
tys§ fuu lñgqfõ n,;, yd lñgqj l%shd;aul úh hq;= wdldrh
iïnkaOfhka meyeÈ,s tl.;djhlg meñfKk w;r" fï
iïnkaOfhka jeäÿr úuiSula wud;HdxYfha f,alïjrhdf.ka
úuish hq;= njg ;SrKh fjkjd' tjlg l<ukdldr wOHlaIjrhd
fm!oa.,sl fya;= u; fï lñgqfjka b,a,d wia fjkjd' miqj
2006 iduQysl .súiqu u.ska jegqma jeä lsÍu mgka .;a Èkfha isg
2018 úOdhl ks,OdÍkag muKla jegqma jeäùu isÿlrk wjia:dj
olajd jegqma jHqyhg wod,j isÿù we;s fjkialï wvqmdvq yd
fjk;a lreKq o we;=<;aj idOkSh jegqma jHqyhla iE§u i|yd
.; hq;= l%shdud¾. iïnkaOfhka mQ¾K jd¾;djla ud úiska ilia
lr tjlg iNdm;s fckrd,a ohd r;akdhl uy;df.a wjOdkhg
fhduq lrkjd' miqj iNdm;s;=ud úiska tu jd¾;dj jrdh yd
kdúl wud;HdxY f,alïjrhdf.a wjOdkh msKsi 2021'05'21
jk Èk fhduq lrkq ,nkjd' Bg miafia ;uhs wud;HdxYfha
f,alïjrhd úiska 2018 j¾Ifha isÿlrk ,o jegqma jeäùfï§ we;s
jQ úIu;djh ksjerÈ lsÍu i|yd jrdh yd kdúl wud;HdxYfha
w;sf¾l f,alï tÉ't,a'tï'tia' fyar;a uy;añhf.a iNdm;s;ajfhka
hq;a" rdcH jHdmdr fomd¾;fïka;=fõ w;sf¾l wOHlaI ckrd,a
tï'wd¾'ù'wd¾' ómqr uy;d o we;=<;aj jrdfha l<ukdldÍ;ajh"
úOdhl ix.ï yd úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s we;=<;a jk mßÈ
mQ¾K n,;, iys; kj lñgqjla 2021 cQ,s udifha§ m;a lrkafka'
tu lñgqj ksfhdackh lsÍu i|yd wjia:dj ,ndfokafka 2021
iduQysl .súiqug w;aika lrmq úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh
iñ;sj, ksfhdackhla we;sjk mßÈ' miqj fï lñgqj m<jk /
iaùu 2021'07'26 jk Èk wud;HdxYfha§ meje;afjkjd' idlÉPd
jg .Kkdjla meje;ajqK;a md¾Yjhka j,g tl.;djhlg tkak
neß fjkjd' wjidkfha fï lñgqfõ iNdm;sksh jk w;sf¾l
f,alï;=ñh ksfhda.hla ,ndfokjd jrdh l<ukdldÍ;ajh
ksfhdackh lrk lKavdhu iy úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s
tl. fj,d mq¿jka kï taldnoaO fhdackdj,shla bÈßm;a lrkak
lsh,d' ta olajd mej;s /iaùïj, idlÉPd jqKq lreKq wkqj fmdÿ
tl.;djhlg meñKSu t;rï myiq lghq;a;la fkdjk nj ux
ys;kafk wud;HdxY ks,OdÍkag mjd fmfkkak ;snqKd' yenehs ux
b;du;a ixf;daIhs lshkak fï lñgqfõ jrdh l<ukdldÍ;ajhg
kdhl;ajh ÿkak l<ukdldr wOHlaI Wmq,a ch;siai" w;sf¾l
l<ukdldr wOHlaI iqika; wfíisßj¾Ok" wOHlaI ^uqo,a& Ysrdks
jkakswdrÉÑ" wOHlaI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok& f,i ud;a ydn¾
udiag¾ f,i ks¾ud,a is,ajd hk uy;au uy;aóka tl;= fj,d
idlÉPd lrkjd fu;kska bÈßhg wms hkafk fldfyduo lsh,d'
jrdh l<ukdldÍ;ajh yeáhg wms idlÉPd lr,d ;SrK wrf.k
jD;a;Sh isñ; tlal fhdackd lsysmhla .ek idlÉPd lrkjd'
tfukau úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk ix.ï fjk fjku Tjqkaf.a
fhdackdj,s lñgqfõ iNdm;sksh fj; Ndr§,d ;snqKq w;r" tu
fhdackd o wms kej; jrla iudf,dapkh lrkjd' úOdhl yd
úOdhl fkdjk ix.ï tlal wms ks,OdÍka mia fokd idlÉPd
jg .Kkdjla mj;ajkjd' úYd, mßY%uhlska miafia wmsg mq¿jka
fjkjd hï tl.;djhlg meñfKkak' th úOdhl yd úOdhl
fkdjk fomd¾Yjhgu w.;shla fkdjk mßÈ wr ux l,ska i|yka
lrmq m%;sm;a;s u; mokïj kj jegqma jHqyhla y÷k .kak;a" ta
i|yd jegqma wkqmd; ;SrKh lrkak;a wmsg mq¿jka fjkjd' jmr
12
wms j.lSfuka lshkak ´fk
fu;kÈ wms jegqma jeäùula .ek
ys;=fj kE' wmsg ,nd§,d ;sfhk
uyd NdKavd.drfha ksfhda. u;
mokïj lsisÿ md¾Yjhlg
w.;shla fkdjk mßÈ kj jegqma
jHqyhla Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßhg
ks¾udKh lsÍu ;uhs fï lñgqj
ksfhdackh lrmq jrdh ks,OdÍka"
úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh
iñ;s ksfhdað;hska tl;= fj,d isÿ
lf<a' ux ys;ka kE talg ldgj;a
wNsfhda. lrkak mq¿jka lsh,d'
weyska fuu kj jegqma jHqyh Èyd n,k iuyr wh wms tl;= fj,d
jrdh jegqma jeä lrf.k lsh,d fpdaokd uqLfhka l:d lrkak
mq¿jka' ljqre;a oek.kak ´fk jegqma úIu;djhla yokfldg ta
úIu;djh ;sfhk ;ek wvq lr fyda jeä lr ta i|yd úi÷ï
fokak mq¿jka nj' wms j.lSfuka lshkak ´fk fu;kÈ wms jegqma
jeäùula .ek ys;=fj kE' wmsg ,nd§,d ;sfhk uyd NdKavd.drfha
ksfhda. u; mokïj lsisÿ md¾Yjhlg w.;shla fkdjk mßÈ kj
jegqma jHqyhla Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßhg ks¾udKh lsÍu ;uhs
fï lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq jrdh ks,OdÍka" úOdhl yd úOdhl
fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s ksfhdað;hska tl;= fj,d isÿ lf<a' ux ys;ka
kE talg ldgj;a wNsfhda. lrkak mq¿jka lsh,d' fuys§ úOdhl
yd úOdhl fkdjk ix.ïj, fï lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq ish¨
fokdg wfma ia;=;sh ysñ fjkak ´k' fïl iduQysl m%h;akhla'
tlsfkldg l=yl fj,d ms,a fnÈ,d me;s j,g ;,a¨ jqfKd;a
ljodj;a wmsg wju ;rfï jvd iqÿiq yd ksjerÈ jegqma jHqyhla
ks¾udKh lr.kak neß fjk nj fï lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq
ish¨fokd wjfndaO lr.ekSu fuu kj jegqma jHqyh ks¾udKh
lsÍfï m%Odku ch.%yKh fjkjd' wjidkfha fï ft;sydisl
fhdackdj,sh i|yd úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s
l<ukdldÍ;ajh fjkqfjka wms miafokd;a w;aika lr,d fuu
lñgqfõ iNdm;sksh jk w;sf¾l f,alï;=ñh fj; l<ukdldr
wOHlaI;=udf.a w;aikska hq;=j 2021'08'12 jk Èk Ndrfokjd'
fï fhdackdj,sh ,ndÿkakhska miafia wud;HdxYfha f,alï;=ud
úiska meyeÈ,s lsÍï lsysmhla ,ndfok f,i wmsg oekqï fokjd'
úfYaIfhkau fuu kj jegqma jHqyh taldnoaO bÈßm;a lroaÈ ta
i|yd jQ ;dlaIKsl moku iïnkaOfhka lreKq úuiSula lrkjd'
we;a;gu ta moku Tn úiska oek.; hq;=hs' tal fjkafk fufyu"
1' 2018 m<uq jegqma jeäùfuka miq Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha
l%shd;aul jQ jegqma ;, fï i|yd Ndú;d lrk ,o uQ,sl moku fõ'
2' bka wk;=rej by; wxl 1 ys i|yka uQ,sl jegqmg wod, iaÓr
jegqm ^§ukd we;=<;a& .Kkh lrk ,§'
3' tu iaÓr jegqm 2006 jif¾§ cd;sl jegqma yd fiajl ixLHd
fldñIka iNdj u.ska ks¾foaYs; iaÓr jegqm ^§ukd we;=<;a& i|yd
jQ m%;sY;h wkqj .e<mqï lrk ,§'
4' by; wxl 3 ys iaÓr jegqm Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka uQ,sl jegqm
13 msgqjg
12 msgqfjka
.Kkh lrk ,o w;r th úIu;djh ksjerÈ lrk ,o 2018 jirg
wod, uQ,sl jegqm f,i i,lk ,§'
5' fuu .Kkh lsÍïj,§ lsisu jegqma ldKavhlg fuf;la
f.jñka isá jegqm wvq fkdúh hq;=h hk moku o Wmfhda.S lr
.ksñka .Kkh lsÍu isÿlrk ,§'
6' tfia .Kkh lrk ,o 2018'01'01 Èkg wod, uQ,sl jegqmg 2021
jif¾§ Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh;a ms<s.;a jD;a;Sh iñ;s w;r;a
tl.;djhlg wkqj ,ndfok ,o 25] l jegqma jeäùu .<mkq
,eîh'
bka wk;=rej fï jegqma jHqyh l%shd;aul lsÍfï§ tys f.ùï
lghq;= isÿl< yels wdldrh iïnkaOfhka wOHlaI ^uqo,a& úiska ish
ksÍlaIK iu. jd¾;djla l<ukdldr wOHlaI fj; Ndrfokjd'
ta u; mokïj Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha fuu kj jegqma jHqyh
l%shd;aul l< yels nj;a" th l%shd;aul l< yels wdldrh
ms<sn|j;a wud;HdxYfha f,alïjrhd fj; ,sÅ;j oekqï fokjd'
fuu kj jegqma jHqyfha m%Odku ldrKh jkafka b;sydifha m%:u
j;djg SS 1 ldKavfha isg SG 1 ldKavh olajd úOdhl fkdjk
ish¨u fiajlhkaf.a jegqma m%;sY;hka by< w.hla .ekSu' th
b;sydifha fuf;la úOdhl fkdjk ldKav i|yd ,eî we;s jeäu
jegqma .e<mSu fjkjd' b;sydifha m<jk j;djg ;uhs úOdhl
fkdjk fY%aKsfha by<u SG ldKavfha f.ùï wkqmd;h 1'78 la
yeáhg ;SrKh fjkafka' Bg idfmalaIj úOdhl fY%aKsj, jegqma
m%;sY;h;a fuu lñgqj tl.;djhlg weú,a,d ;SrKh lrkjd'
úOdhl jD;a;Sh ix.ï bÈßm;a lrk fhdackdj, úOdhl fY%aKsj,
jegqma m%;sY; óg jvd by< w.hla ;sín;a wjidkfha ish¨fokdgu
yelshdj ,efnkjd TLM 1 ldKavfha m%;sY;h 4'5 la yeáh;a NS
2 ldKavfha m%;sY;h 1 f,i i,l,d fuu kj jegqma jHqyh ilia
lrkak' wOHhkhla lr,d ne¨fjd;a ldg;a f;afrhs iduQysl
.súiqï u.ska jegqma ;SrKh jk Lksc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj"
c, iïmdok iy c,dmjyk uKav,h iy úÿ,sn, uKav,h yd
ixikaokh lroaÈ Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha jegqma jHqyh fldfyo
;sfhkafka lsh,d' uf.a oekSfï yeáhg kï úOdhl yd úOdhl
fkdjk fomd¾Yjhgu ,efnk m%;s,dN uu fmr i|yka lrmq
wdh;k j,g jvd wvqhs lshk ldrKh ;uhs idfmalaI jYfhka
wmsg lshkak fjkafka' fldfydu jqK;a Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha
iaj¾Kuh igykla ;nñka úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk" tfukau
l<ukdldÍ;ajhg tl. fjkak mq¿jka kj jegqma jHqyhla
iduQyslj wmsg ks¾udKh lrkak ,eîu úYd, ch.%yKhla'
wk;=rej fï jegqma jHqyh l%shd;aul jk wdldrh iïnkaOfhka
wjidk ;SrKhla .kak .re jrdh yd kdúl wud;H frdays;
wfí.=Kj¾Ok weu;s;=udf.a m%Odk;ajfhka iema;eïn¾ udfia 23
fjksod ft;sydisl /iaùula meje;afjkjd' fuu idlÉPdjg jrdh
wud;HdxYfha f,alï;=ud we;=¿ uyd NdKavd.drfha ksfhdað;hka
lKavdhula" Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh ksfhdackh lrñka iNdm;s;=ud"
Wm iNdm;s;=ud iy lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq lKavdhu;a" fuu
lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq ish¨u úOdhl yd úOdhl fkdjk
jD;a;Sh iñ;sj, ksfhdað;hkag;a wdrdOkd ,efnkjd' wms ÿkak
jd¾;dj u; mokïj weu;s;=udg ks¾foaY fokak l,ska by; fï
jD;a;Sh iñ;s ksfhdað;hkq;a jrdh l<ukdldÍ;ajh;a f,alï;=u;a
w;r idlÉPdjla meje;afjkjd' tu idlÉPdfjÈ wmg oek.
kakg ,efnkjd fï lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq wud;HdxYfha yd
uyd NdKavd.drfha ksfhdað;hka óg wod,j fjkuu jd¾;djla
wud;HdxY f,alï;=udg ,nd§,d ;sfnk nj' tys ;sín fhdackd
wfma fhdackd tlal .e<fmkafk ke;s nj;a wmsg oek .kak
,efnkjd' fldfydu jqK;a ish¨ md¾Yjhkag weyqïlka §,d .re
weu;s;=ud úiska wms úiska yo,d bÈßm;a lrmq kj jegqma jHqyh
13
l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wkque;sh ,ndfok ft;sydisl ;SrKh fï
/iaùfï§ ,ndfokjd' ish¨ ;;ajhka i,ld n,d wÈhr follska
fuh l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd t;=ud fhdackd lr,d wud;HdxYfha
f,alï;=ud úiska ,sÅ;j jrdh wOHlaI uKav,fha wkque;sh ,nd.
ekSu i|yd jrdh wêldßhg fhduq lrkq ,nkjd' yenehs fï
wÈhr follska l%shd;aul lrk ;srKhg bxðfkare ix.uh iy
úOdhl ks,OdÍkaf.a ix.uh tl. fkdjk nj i|yka lrñka
weu;s;=udg" wud;HdxYfha f,alï;=udg iy iNdm;s;=udg ,sÅ;j
oekqï fokjd' miqj wOHlaI uKav,h fj; fhduq lsÍug l,ska
fï iïnkaOfhka Tlaf;dan¾ 08 jk Èk yÈis l<ukdlrK
lñgq /iaùula iNdm;s;=ud úiska le|jkq ,nkjd' ish¨ ;;ajhka
i,l,d n,,d weu;s;=ud úiska ,ndÿka ks¾foaY u; mokïj fuh
l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wOHlaI uKav,fha wkque;sh ,nd.ekSug
l<ukdlrK lñgqj ;SrKh lrkq ,nkjd'
miqj 2021'10'11 jkod wOHlaI uKav, m;%sldjla u.ska fï lreKg
wod, mQ¾K miqìu i|yka lrñka wOHlaI uKav,fha wkque;sh
,nd.ekSu i|yd ud úiska wOHlaI uKav, m;%sldjla fhduq lrkq
,nkjd' yÈis lghq;a;la fia i,ld fuu m;%sldjg wOHlaI
uKav,fha wkque;sh Tlaf;dan¾ 12 jkou ,efnkjd' tÈku jrdh
iNdm;s;=udf.a w;aikska tu wOHlaI uKav, m;%sldfõ msgm;la o
iys;j wud;HdxY f,alï;=ud u.ska uqo,a wud;HdxYfha wkque;sh
,nd.ekSu i|yd fhduq lrkq ,nkjd' ta jf.au fuu kj jegqma
jHqyhg wod,j tla tla fiajlhka i|yd fjku ;ukag ysñjk
jegqma ia:dkh ;SrKh lsÍu i|yd lghq;= lrk f,i ud m%Odk
udkj iïm;a l<ukdlreg Tlaf;dan¾ 12 jkod ,sÅ;ju oekqï
fokjd' udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYh yeáhg wkque;sh tklï
bkafk ke;=j fiajlhkaf.a jegqma fiajlhkag j¾;udkfha isák
ia:dkh wkqj kj jegqma jHqyhg wkqj ia:dk ;SrKh lsÍfï
lghq;= udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYfha ks,OdÍka úiska läkñka ilia
lrkq ,nkjd' 15 jkod fjkfldg ,sÅ;ju m%Odk udkj iïm;a
l<ukdlre úiska wOHlaI ^uqo,a& fj; fï kj jegqma mshjrhka
iys; jd¾;dj fhduq lrkq ,nkjd' fiajl ixLHdj 9000 lg
jeä msßilf.a mqoa.,slju Tjqkaf.a ,smsf.dkq n,,d Tjqkag ysñ
jegqma ia:dkh ;SrKh lsÍu hïlsis ld,hla .;jk lghq;a;la'
ta i|yd fï jkúg udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYfha ks,OdÍka m%uqL
fiajl uy;au uy;aóka wjYH lghq;= lrñka bkafk' ta wkqj
bÈßfha§ yels blauKska fufia ilik ,o ,sms fiajlhkag;a uqo,a
fldÜGdYhg;a hjkak wjYH mshjr .kakjd we;s'
fiajl ixLHdj 9000 lg jeä msßilf.a
mqoa.,slju Tjqkaf.a ,smsf.dkq n,,d
Tjqkag ysñ jegqma ia:dkh ;SrKh lsÍu
hïlsis ld,hla .;jk lghq;a;la'
ta i|yd fï jkúg udkj iïm;a
fldÜGdYfha ks,OdÍka m%uqL fiajl
uy;au uy;aóka wjYH lghq;= lrñka
bkafk' ta wkqj bÈßfha§ yels blauKska
fufia ilik ,o ,sms fiajlhkag;a
uqo,a fldÜGdYhg;a hjkak wjYH
mshjr .kakjd we;s'
14 msgqjg
13 msgqfjka
uyd NdKavd.drfha wkque;sh ,nd.ekSu i|yd ál ojila .;
fjkfldg fï jegqma f.ùu iïnkaOfhka fiajlhka w;r
hï fkdikaiqka;djhla mek k.sk nj wmg wdrxÑ fjkjd'
yenehs udkj iïm;a wOHlaI iy udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYfha
ld¾hNdrh 15 jkod fjkfldg ksu fj,d wjika' tfy;a .re
weu;s;=ud fïlg ueÈy;a fj,d wod, wkque;sh 2021'01'01 Èk isg
úOdhl fkdjk ks,Odßkag l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd uyd NdKavd.
drfha wkque;sh ,efnk w;r" wOHlaI uKav,h úiska fhdackd
lrk mßÈ tys fojk wÈhr úOdhl ks,OdÍkag 2023'01'01 Èk
l%shd;aul lsÍu iïnkaOfhka miqj ;SrKhla .kakd nj rdcH
jHdmdr fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska ,sÅ;j wud;HdxY f,alïjrhdg
oekqï fokjd' fï lghq;af;È .re jrdh yd kdúl wud;H;=ud
ft;sydisl ld¾hNdrhla bgq l<d' ta i|yd wksjd¾fhkau t;=udg
f.!rjh ysñ úh hq;=hs' ta jf.au wud;HdxYfha f,alï;=ud úYd,
uykaishla oerejd fï ish¨ lKavdhï tl;= lr,d fï i|yd
tl.;djhka we;s lr,d wkque;sh ,nd.ekSfï ld¾hNdrh i|yd
lghq;= lrkak' wud;HdxYfha WmfoaYljrfhla f,i lghq;= lrk
Wm iNdm;s wdpd¾h m%Ydka; chudkak uy;d fuu wkque;Ska
,nd.ekSfï ld¾hfha§ yd f.ùï lghq;= lsÍfï ld¾hfha§ úfYaI
ueÈy;aùula isÿlrkq ,enqjd' l,la jrdh wêldßfha l<ukdldr
wOHlaI f,i lghq;= lrmq lms;dka ksyd,a lemafmáfmd, uy;d
jrdh wêldßfha iNdm;sjrhd yeáhg jrdh fiajlhkaaf.a m%Yak
fyd¢ka y÷kk flfkla yeáhg fï ld¾hfha§ ;ukaf.a ueÈy;a
ùu ksis wdldrfhka ,nd§mq nj i|yka l< hq;= fjkjd' ´kEu
tl.;djhla we;s fjoaÈ Bg ;Dma;su;a fkdjk fldgil=;a isák
nj mD;.ackhka yeáhg wms f;areï .; hq;=hs' tfy;a jrdh
b;sydifha lsisod fkdjqkq wdldrhg ish¨ md¾Yjhka tl;= fj,d
fujeks kj jegqma jHqyhla we;s lrmq m<jk wjia:dj fuh nj
b;sydifha ljod fyda Èkl ,shù ;sfhaú' fï oumq wä;d,u u;
mokïj bÈßhg .uka lsÍu wms ldf.a;a j.lSu yd hq;=lu njg m;a
fjkjd' fï i|yd lem fjÉp fï lñgqj ksfhdackh lrmq úOdhl
yd úOdhl fkdjk jD;a;Sh iñ;s ksfhdað;hkag;a fï lghq;af;È
ug iydh olajmq ysgmq m%Odk udkj iïm;a l<ukdldßKsh"
j¾;udk m%Odk udkj iïm;a l<ukdlre we;=¿ udkj iïm;a
fldÜGdYfha fï i|yd lemjqKq ish¨u ks,OdÍkag iy fiajl
uy;au uy;aókag uf.a wjxl ia;=;sh fï wjia:dfõ§ msßkeñh
hq;=h'
wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok& f,iska jrdfha udkj iïm;
k.d isgqùug ie<iqïlr we;s kj jevigyka .ek l;d lruq
we;a;gu wms fï ms<sn| b;du §¾>j bÈß ;S¾: l,dmhlÈ idlÉPd
l< hq;= ldf,daÑ; ud;Dldjla' wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok&
f,iska fï ;k;=rg m;aù wjqreoaohs'
udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYh lshkafka lsisu ojil fiajlfhl=f.
ka fyd|la wyk ;ekla yeáhg fkfjhs" yefudaf.kau neKqï
fodaYdfrdmk t,a, jk ;ekla yeáhghs ie,flkafka' uf.a
taldhk wruqK ;uhs udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYh jrdh fiajlhskaf.a
m%Yxidjg ,lajk ;ekla njg m;a lsÍu' th isÿ l< yelafla
jrdh wêldßhg udkj iïm;a m%;sm;a;shla ilia lsÍu u.ska
muKhs' fjk lsisu fohlska th l< fkdyelshs' úúO ld,
jljdkq j, fuu lghq;a; lsÍu i|yd úúO ks<OdÍka W;aiy
ord ;sfnkjd' kuq;a th id¾:lj l%shdjg kxjd,Sug fkdyels
ùu ;=<ska ;uhs fuu .eg¿ldÍ ;;a;ajhka we;s ù ;sfnkafka' ux
fï mqgqfõ b| .;af;a uf.a leue;a;g fkdj wdh;kfha leue;a;
iy Wjukdj u;hs' uu fï wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok&
mqgqfõ ys|.kakd úgu y÷k .;a; fohla ;uhs m%Odk udkj
14
uf.a taldhk wruqK ;uhs udkj
iïm;a fldÜGdYh jrdh fiajlhskaf.a
m%Yxidjg ,lajk ;ekla njg m;a
lsÍu' th isÿ l< yelafla jrdh
wêldßhg udkj iïm;a m%;sm;a;shla
ilia lsÍu u.ska muKhs' fjk lsisu
fohlska th l< fkdyelshs' úúO
ld, jljdkq j, fuu lghq;a; lsÍu
i|yd úúO ks<OdÍka W;aiy ord
;sfnkjd' ux fï mqgqfõ b| .;af;a
uf.a leue;a;g fkdj wdh;kfha
leue;a; iy Wjukdj u;hs' uu fï
wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok& mqgqfõ
ys|.kakd úgu y÷k .;a; fohla
;uhs m%Odk udkj iïm;a uQ,O¾u
u; mokïj udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYh
.uka l< hq;= nj'
iïm;a uQ,O¾u u; mokïj udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYh .uka l<
hq;= nj' uu udkj iïm;a fldÜGdYhg tkfldgu oi jeoEreï
udkj iïm;a uQ,O¾u we;=<;a m;%sldjla yo,d tal uf.a ld¾hd,
ldurfha biairy mqjrejl iú lrkak lghq;= l<d' fuu udkj
iïm;a uQ,O¾u m%dfhda.slj l%shd;aul lrkak yeuúgu wudre
fjkak mq¿jka' yenehs wvqu .dfk yels iEu wjia:djlu fuu
uQ,O¾u u; mokïj wmsg ;SrK .kak mq¿jka jqfKd;a fiajl
wiykh wmsg wju lrkak mq¿jka nj lshkaku ´fk'
wmsg ;sfnk m%Odk .eg¿jla ;uhs wfma n|jd .ekSï mámdáhg
l<uKdlrK fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wkque;shla fkd;sîu'
kuq;a .re f,alï;=udf.a ueÈy;aùu u; 2009$2010 wOHlaI
uKav,h wkqu; l< n|jd .ekSfï mámdáh fj; 2021 cqks 20
l<ukdlrK fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j wkque;sh ,ndfokjd'
jrdh b;sydifha m<uq jrg ;uhs n|jd .ekSfï mámdáh i|yd
l<ukdlrK fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wkque;shla ,efnkafk'
tf;la l%shd;aul jqKq SOR j,g ,enqfK wOHlaI uKav,
wkque;sh ú;rhs' kuq;a fï ;=<;a hï hï wvqmdvq /ila ;sfnkjd'
l<ukdlrK fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wkque;sh ,ndfok ,smsfhu
;sfhkjd iduQysl .súiqï u.ska l%shd;aul jk wdh;k i|yd fmdÿ
n|jd .ekSï mámdáhla ilia lr .ekSu i|yd ud¾f.damfoaYK
ud,djla l<uKdlrK fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska ksl=;a lsÍug
kshñ; nj' tfyu ksl=;a l<du ta wkqj wfma n|jd .ekSfï mámdá
ilia lr,d kej; wkque;sh .; hq;= nj;a i|yka fjkjd' fï
ud¾f.damfoaY ud,dj ksl=;a fjkak ;snqfK miq.sh wf.daia;=
udifha §' kuq;a mej;s fldúâ ;;a;ajh ;=< th m%udo jqKd' wms
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd fï wjqreoao wjidk ùug m%:u fuu ud¾f.
damfoaYh ksl=;a fjhs lsh,d' fuu ud¾f.damfoaYh ksl=;a ùu;a
iuÕu Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha fiajlhskaj wiykhg m;alr
;sfnk n|jd .ekSï iïnkaOfhka" Wiia ùï iïnkaOfhka wmsg
úYd, fjkila isÿ l< yelshs lshd wms úYajdi lrkjd' fï jk
úg tu ;;a;ajh yd jgmsgdj wms fyd¢ka wOHhkh lr y÷kdf.k
isákjd'
l< hq;= oE;a oekgu;a ie,iqï lr ;sfnkafka' kuq;a wmsg
29 msgqjg
 fld
<U jrdh mj;akd jix.; ;;a;ajh yuqfõ jqj
ish ny¨ fufyhqï Odß;djh by< w.hla
fmkakqï lhs' iuia: fld<U jrdfha 2021
ckjdß ui isg iema;eïn¾ ui olajd fufyhjQ ny¨ m%udKh wä
úiai iu tall 5369903ls'
2020 ckjdß-iema;eïn¾ ld, rduqj ;=< wä úiai iu tall
ny¨ 5189818la fufyhjd ;snQ w;r" 2021 wod, ld, iSudfõ § th
3'5]l j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrhs'
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh u.ska md<kh jk JCT/ECT m¾hka;
j, o ny¨ fufyhqï j¾Okh 2020 j¾Ifha wod, ld, iSudj
yd iei£fï § wä úiai iu tall 1613004 isg 1643324 olajd
j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrhs' tkï 1'9]l j¾Okhls'
iuia: fld<u jrdfha foaYSh ny¨ 11]lska j¾Okh jQ w;r"
m%;skeõ.; ny¨ 2'1]l j¾Okhla fmkakqï lrhs'
Y%S ,xld jrd wêldßh foaYSh ny¨ fufhqï ;=< lemS fmfkfk
j¾Okhla fmkakqu lrk w;r" th m%;sY;hla f,i 46]ls'
fld<U jrdfha
fufyhqï Odß;dj by<g
15
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha l<uKdldÍ;ajfha kj oelau yd
ifydaor m¾hka; iuÕ wjfndaOd;aulj lghq;= lsÍu yd jrdh yd
kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok uy;df.a uÕ fmkaùu
yd wëCIKh o" iNdm;s lms;dka ksyd,a lemafmáfmd, uy;df.a
kdhl;ajh yd iqúfYaIS odhl;ajh;a fld<U jrdh yd Y%S ,xld
jrdh wêldßh w;alr.ksñka we;s m%.;shg rel=,la ù ;sfí'
fldúâ jix.; ;;a;ajh yuqfõ jqj o l,dmfha wfkl=;a
jrdhhka wNsnjd Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha fufyhqï yd wfkl=;a
ish¿u fiajd wLKavj mj;ajdf.k hEug yels ù;sfí' fi!LH
wud;HxYh u.ska wkqu; lrk ,o ud¾f.damfoaYhkag wkq.;j" wju
fiajl ixLHdjla Ndú; lrñka" Wmßu fufyhqï M,odhs;djhla
lrd .ukalsÍug o fï jk úg yels ù ;sfí'
cd;Hka;r keõ iud.ï" ksfhdað; wdh;k iu`. taldnoaOj
mq¿,a fiajdjla ,nd §ug;a" ny¨ fufyhqï j¾Okh lr .ksñka
l,dmfha m%Odk jrdhhla f,i ;jÿrg;a bÈßhg hEug;a wfmaCIs;
h'
uq,skau wms mj;sk fldúâ w¾nqoh yuqfõ
foaYSh wd¾Ólh Yla;su;a lr .ekSug ilid
we;s oyih jeoEreï ^16& ms<sfj;a ms<sn| l;d
lruq''@
Tõ" ,xld keõ ixia:dj i;= mkia
jirl idvïnr wNsudkh fmrg f.khdfï
wruqfKka ;sridr oelaula hgf;a fuu 16
jeoEreï ms<sfj;a Tiafia ch.%yKh lrd .uka
lrkjd' ta hgf;a"
idïm%odhsl jdKsc kdúl fCIa;%fha lghq;=
mq¿,a lsÍu" rcfha m%jdyk N+ñldj ;jÿrg;a
w;am;a lr.ekSu" fjk;a rdcH hdka;%K iu.
taldnoaO hdka;%Khla f,i lghq;= lsÍu" rch
m%;sm;a;Skag wkql+, fjñka mqoa.,sl wxY
iu. taldnoaO ùu" úfoaY úksuh bmehSu iy
fk!ld m%jdyk .dia;= f,iska ráka neyerj
hk úksuh b;sß lsÍu" ffk;sl mq¿,aNdjhla
w;am;a lr.ksñka wkqidx.sl wdh;k .Kkla
ìys lsÍu" tu.ska kj wjia:d i|yd wê
iqmßCIl iy ld¾hlaIu hdka;%Khla we;s
lsÍu" m¾fhaIK o;a; úYaf,aIKh i|yd
kj hdka;%Khla we;s lsÍu" kùk o;a;
iïfma%IKfha jdKsc moku mq¿,a lr.ekSu"
äðg,a ;,fha Ndú;dj Yla;su;a lr.ekSu"
fk!ld n,.K j¾Okh" kj WmlrK
iy N+ñ w;am;a lr.ekSu ;=<ska fN!;sl
iïm;a läkï jdKsc m%;sM, ckkh jk
wdldrfhka j¾Okh lr.ekSu yd mqyqKq Y%ñl
n,h j¾Okh lr.ekSu" kdúl wdmod i|yd
ueÈy;aùu jHdmdßl wjia:djla f,i Yla;su;a fï rgg úfoaY úksuh Wmßufhka ,nd §u

wmf.a
lr.ekSu" jrdh k.r jHdmD;s" tla udj;la-
tla ;Srhla^One road - One belt& jeks foaYSh yd
úfoaYSh iuqøSh wd¾Òl wjia:d i|yd foaYShj
iqodkï lrùfï úoaj;a hdka;%Khla we;s lsÍu"
Y%u n,ldfha tla tla LdKav" iuqøSh wd¾Òlh
i|yd uqiql< yels wdldrh y÷kd.ekSu iy

wNs,dYhhs
,xld keõ ixia:dj f,dalfha kùk kdúl
mqyqKq wdh;kh njg m;a lsÍu" fiajl n,.K
oekqfuka iy ld¾hlaIu;djfhka ikakoaO
lrñka Y%S ,dxflah kdúl ixialD;shla i|yd
moku ieliSu" iuia; Y%S ,dxflah jdKsc
kdúl fCIa;%fha kdudj,shla ilia lsÍu"
iuqøSh n,Yla;s hdka;%Kh i|yd m%fõY ùu"
cd;Hka;r kdúl ffk;sl mámdàka" .súiqï úkSkaø ùruka - iNdm;s - Y%S ,xld keõ ixia:dj
Y%S ,xldjg wod, jk wdldrh y÷kd .ekSu
iy Y%S ,xldj w;aika ;nd we;s oaù md¾Yaùh" zzisf,daka à Zkduh iuia; f,dalhu y÷k.kakd fiau f,dal jdKsc fCIa;%fha zzisf,daka
nyq md¾Yaùh iy cd;Hka;r .súiqï miq IsmskaZZ hk kduh o w;sYhska m%p,s; h' f,dj mqrd úisÍ isák tacka; cd,hla iys;
úmrug ,la lsÍu" tu.ska cks; jk jdKsc ,xld keõ ixia:d ikakduh wd¾Ól ixLHd f,aLK u.ska ueksh yels f iau ueksh
wjia:d y÷kd.ekSu i|yd ,xld keõ ixia:dj
hgf;a lñgqjla we;s lsÍu" tu wjia:d i|yd
fkdyels fiajdjka /ila o furgg odhdo lrñka isáhs' ish mkia jirl idvïnr
WmfoaYk wdh;khla f,i rdcH iy mqoa.,sl wNsudkh iurkq ,enQ ,xld keõ ixia:dfõ bÈß oelau ms<sn| tys iNdm;s kS;S{
wxYfha Wmfoia ,nd§u fï hg;g we;=<;a úkSkaø ùruka uy;d iu. ;S¾: l< ix,dmhhs fï"
fjkjd' fï ;=<ska fyg ojfia ,xld keõ
ixia:dfõ kj Ôjkhla wfmalaId lrkjd'
kdúl fCIa;%hg keúhka mqyqKq lsÍu we;=¿ ix,dmh - Wmq,a .=ref.a PdhdrEmh - ÿñ÷ y|.u

16
ld¾hhNdrh /ila keõ ixia:dfjka bIag lrkjd' wms ta .ek;a
l;dlruq''@
Tõ" we;a;gu ,xld keõ ixia:dj i;=j fï jkúg fk!ld
folla ;sfnkjd' Lanka breeze hk Lanka Princes kñka 2016
jif¾ § hs' fï fk!ld fol keõ ixia:djg ysñjkafka' fï
fk!ldfõ úfYaI ;Ügqjla ia:dms; lr ;sfnkjd' keúhka f,i
mqyqKq jk wfma ;reK fm<g kdúl lafIa;%hg msúfik orejkaf.a
Èh u; mqyqKqj i|yd tu úfYaI lñgqj ^Deck) Ndú; lrkjd'
tl kejl 26 fofkl= jYfhka keõ fofla jirlg fï rfÜ
;reKhska 52 la i|yd mqyqKqj ,nd fokakg keõ ixia:dj lghq;=
lrkjd'
fuys§ m%uqL;ajh ,ndfokafka flfiao''@
fudrgqj úYajúoHd,fha iuqøSh l<ukdlrKh ^Maritime
Management& úIh yodrK úoHd¾Òka yg m<uq m%uqL;dj
,ndfokjd' Bg wu;rj lgqkdhl ETI wdh;kh " u¾lkaghs,a
Ismska wdh;kh " isfkla iuqøSh úYajúoHd,fha wod< mdGud,dj,g
iïnkaO jk whj¨ka yg wms fuu wjia:dj ysñ lrfokjd' fï
;=<ska wfma m%Odk;u wruqK wfma rgg úfoaY úksuh /f.k hk
wjia:d j¾Okh lsÍuhs'
kdúl flakaøSh ixl,amh ms<sn| Tnf.a ;lafiarej l=ulao''@
wms we;a;gu ne¨fjd;a f,dal is;shfï wms bkafka ueo ;eklhs'
kef.kysr yd ngysr uOHfha hs wfma rg msysgd ;sfnkafka' kef.
kysrg yd ngysrg úys§ .sh keõ ud¾. ish,a, ,xldjg háka
;sfnkafka' fukak fï ;;a;ajh b;du;a fyd| idOkSh ;;a;ajhla'
fuu msysàfï YlH;dj u; mokïj kdúl lafIa;%hla lrd hdu
b;du;a myiqhs' wfma jHjydrfha ;sfnkjd ,xldj <Õska tl
Èklg keõ 300-500 la w;r m%udKhla hd;%d lrkjd lshd' fukak
fï keõ wfma rgg f.kajd .ekSug lghq;= lsÍu jeo.;a' uQ,sl
jYfhka keõ j,g wjYH jkafka fudkjdo @ wms tajd imqrd,sh
hq;af;a flfiao @ lshk ldrKh wms w;f¾ ;sfnkjd'
idudkHfhka ny¨ m%jdykh yd iïnkaO fk!ld iy
idïm%odhsl keõ nvq fk!ld fld<U iy yïnkaf;dg jrdhhka
fj; meñfKkjd' Bg wu;rj fiiq fk!ld wdl¾IKh lr.ekSu;a
fuys§ jeo.;a fjkjd' tys§ keõj,g wjYH f;,a iïmdokh
(Bunkering) lsÍug wmsg mq¿jka' keõj,g wjYH f;,a ;r.ldÍ
ñ<lg ,nd§ug fï ms<sn| uu fidhd neÆ lreKq j,g wkqj isx.
mamQrefõ miq.sh wjqreoafoa fuá%la fgdka ñ,shk 62 la wf,ú lr
;sfnkjd' ta wkqj wmsg meñKs keõ ixLHdj b;du wvqhs' tys§ wms
fidhd n,kak ´kE keõ ixLHdj jeä lr.kafka flfiao lshd'
wmsg Offshore bunkering fj; fhduq ùug ld,h t<U ;sfnkjd' ta
i|yd Floting bunker bargers f.keú;a ta yryd keõ j,g bkaOk
,nd§fï lghq;= isÿlrkak mq¿jka'
uu olsk wks;a ldrKh ;uhs keõ w¨;ajeähdj iy keõ
ksIamdokhg;a wms msúish hq;=hs' rg jgdu uqyqo ;sfnk wmsg th
.eg¿jla fkdfõ' wms i;= keõ fofla w¨;ajeähd lghq;= i|yd;a
wmsg fvdlahdâ wdh;kfha fmda,sfï n,d bkak isÿ ù ;sfnkjd'
m%Odk jYfhka keúhka mqyqKq lsÍfï lghq;= j,g wms m%uqL;dj
,ndfokafka;a fï wruqfKka' úfoaaYhkaf.ka fvd,¾ Wmhd.ekSug
keúhkaf.ka úYsIag odhl;ajhla isÿfjkjd'
keõ ixia:dj f,iska wmf.a wud;HxYhg wms fï jkúg
fhdackd lr ;sfnkjd" Y%S ,xld Och m%j¾Okh lsÍu i|yd keõ
,shdmÈxÑ lsÍug' th fj<| yd kdúl ld¾hd,h iu. tl;=j lsÍug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd' oekg;a tys keõ ,shdmÈxÑ lr we;af;a 60
la muKhs' thskq;a úYd,u keõ 02 jkafka keõ ixia:djg wh;a
isf,daka m%skaiia iy isf,daka î%ia fk!ldjka' we;a;gu wms keõ
,shdmÈxÑhla isÿlrd kï wms;a tlal ;j;a keõ iud.ï iïnkaO
fjkjd' ta keõ j,g wmsg mq¿jka fldkafoais mkjkak hï hï
fiajdjka ,nd§u ;=<ska' ta ;=<ska Y%S ,xld rchg uqo,a iïmdokhg
17
idudkHfhka ny¨ m%jdykh yd iïnkaO
fk!ld iy idïm%odhsl keõ nvq fk!ld
fld<U iy yïnkaf;dg jrdhhka fj;
meñfKkjd' Bg wu;rj fiiq fk!ld
wdl¾IKh lr.ekSu;a fuys§ jeo.;a
fjkjd' tys§ keõ j,g wjYH f;,a iïmdokh
(Bunkering) lsÍug wmsg mq¿jka'
wjldYh ie,ish yelshs'
wms fndfyda fõ,djg wmf.a fiajdjka cd;Hka;r fj<|fmd<g
.e,fmk f,iska fhduq lr keye''@
Tõ" tys i;H;djhla ;sfnkjd' wmf.a fiajdjka cd;Hka;r
fj<| fmd<g .e,fmk f,iska fjkia úh hq;=uhs' wm keúhka
mqyqKq lsÍfï ld¾h isÿlrkafka fukak fï ldrKdj;a flakaø
lr.ksñka' kdúl lafIa;%h ;=< fuf;la iam¾I lr fkdue;s
jHdmdßl wjia:d ksis wdldrfhka y÷kd.ksñka fyg ojig
.e,fmk kj l%fudamdhhka iu. lghq;= lsÍug wms kuHYS,S úh
hq;=hs' fï i|yd fyd|u WodyrKh ;uhs isx.mamQrej'
wms ia:dkSh jYfhka fyd|u ;ekl isákafka' th m%Yia; f,iska
Ndú; lsÍug Tnf.a fhdackd ljf¾o''@
kdúl lafIa;%h ms<sn| oekqu imsß úoaj;a msßi talrdYS lsÍu
b;d jeo.;a' Tjqka tl;= lr lñgqjla m;alr w;s.re ckdêm;s;=ud"
w.ue;s;=ud wfma úIhNdr wud;H;=udf.a u.fmkaùu hgf;a
l%uj;a jevms<sfj<la ilia l< hq;=hs' ta Tiafia kdúl flakaøhla
lrd hk .ukg wjeis Yla;sh yd th flfia iïmdokh l< hq;=o
hkak ms<sn| ie,lss,su;a úh hq;=hs'
keúfhla f,iska lafIa;%hg msúfik kjlfhl= imqrd,sh hq;=
iqÿiqlï fudkjdo''@
we;a;gu wfma rfÜ wOHdmk lafIa;%fha úfYaIfhka Wiia
fm< úIh Odrdfõ ta i|yd lsisÿ fhduq lsÍula keye' Wiia fm<
m%;sM, j,skau ta i|yd fhduq ùfï l%ufõohla ilia úh hq;=hs'
Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh me;af;ka mq¿,a ueÈy;aùula fï i|yd
wjYHhs'
oeka n,kak wfma .Dy fiaúldjka ueo fmrÈ. we;=¿ úúO
rgj, fiajhg f.dia fï rgg f.fkk úfoAY úksuh b;du w,amhs'
kuq;a kdúl lafIa;%fha m%ùKhka" m<mqreÿ,dNSka mqyqKq lsÍu ;=<ska
wmsg wfma rgg úYd, úfoAY úksuhla Wmhd .; yelshs' kejl
lms;dkajrfhla idudkHfhka weußlka fvd,¾ 12000 l jf.a
jegqmla ,nkjd' fk!ldjl idudkH fiajlfhl=;a fvd,¾ 750
l jeks jegqmlaa ,nkjd' b;ska wmsg fï kdúl lafIa;%h ;=<ska
fï rfÜ udkj iïm;g /lshd jHqla;shg" mqyqKq fiajd kshqla;shg
kj wre;la Èh yelshs lshd uu úYajdi lrkjd' ta i|yd fyd|u
úi÷ula f,i wfma rfÜ keúhka ìyslsÍfï lghq;a; uu olskjd'
keõ ixia:dfõ wfma m%Odk ld¾hNdrhla f,iska wms th j.lSfuka
bgqlrkjd'
fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a n,d.drhg wjYH .¨ w`.=re m%jdykfha m%Odk
j.lSu;a Tn wdh;kh i;=hs @
Tõ" fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a n,d.drhg jd¾Islj .,a w`.=re fuá%la
fgdka ñ,shk 2-4 l muK m%udKhla wjYH fjkjd' isf,daka î%ia"
isf,daka m%skaiia fk!ldj, uQ,sl;ajfhka th isÿlrkjd'
35 msgqjg
 jrdh yd kdúl fufyhqï i|yd
iemehqï odu l<ukdlrKh
G wdrdê; ,smsh
uest'sFeature
kdúl wdrCIdj fukau iemehqï yd øjH
l<uKdlrK fCIa;%fha m%udKslfhl= jk
lms;dka wl%ï w,ú" tlai;a rdcOdksfha
vd¾Üujqka;a yS ì%;dkH rdclSh kdúl
úoHd,fhka uQ,sl kdúl mqyKqj ,nd we;s
w;r" le<Ksh úYaj úoHd,fha f.!rj WmdêOdßfhls' jir 26l
m%YxikSh fiajhla iys;j Y%S ,xld kdúl yuqodfõ fiajh l<
lms;dka wl%ï w,ú kdúl yuqod udOH m%ldYljrhd f,i o
l,la lghq;= l< w;r" oekg iemehqï yd øjH l<uKdlrK
wdh;kfha mqyqKq wOHCIjrhd jYfhka lghq;= lrhs'fï ,smsh
Tyq úiska iïmdokh lrk ,oaols'
ie
mehqïodu l<uKdlrKh ^Supply Chain Management -
SCM& hkq wjika mdßfNda.slhkag ksñ NdKAv ,ndfok
ixlS¾K l%shdldrlï cd,hl iïnkaëlrKh iy
l<uKdlrKhhs' fuu l%shdj,sh wuqøjH ksñ NdKAv njg m;alsÍu"
wu;r fldgia ksIAmdokh" tl,ia lsÍu" .nvd lsÍu" weKjqï lsÍu
18
iy cd,.; fnodyeÍfï l%ufõohka hgf;a mdßfNda.slhd fj;
,nd§u we;=,;a fjhs'
úl=Kqï iy wf<úlrKh id¾:l jHdmdrhl m%Odk ;Srl n,h
nj jir .Kkdjla ;siafia meje;s u;hhs' tfy;a úlsKSug
lsis;a fkdue;s kï wf,ú lsÍug fj<|fmd,g lsisjla ke;'
thska meyeÈ,s jk lreK jkafka úl=Kqï iy wf,úlrKh rod
mj;skafka mdßfNda.slhd i;=gq lsÍu i|yd kshu ñ,g" kshu
fõ,djg" ksjerÈ m%udKhka iy ;;a;ajfhka hq;=j ksjerÈ ia:dkh
lrd ksjerÈ iemehqï ;=<ska muKs' fuys § ksis m%iïmdok m%;sm;a;s
^Purchasing Principles& idlaId;a lr.ekSu iy;sl lrkq ,eìh hq;=
fõ'
mdßfNda.slhd ;Dma;su;a lsÍu ;=<ska muKla ;u wdh;kfhys ,dNh
Wmßu lsÍu isÿl< yels njg j¾;udkfhys jHjidhlhkaf.a
u;h ù we;' tu ksid fmr fkdjq úre f,i zmdßfNda.sl ;Dma;shZ
jeälsÍu msKsi ish¨ md¾Yjhkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq ù we;'
fuys § iemehqïodu l<uKdlrKhg úYd, ld¾hNdrhla isÿ lsÍug
isÿ ù we;' tkï ,dNh Wmßu lsÍu i|yd NdKavfhys ñ, jeä
lsÍu lssisÿ wdldrhlska isÿl< fkdyels ksid wNHka;r fufyhqï
;jÿrg;a ld¾hlaIu iy M,odhS f,i fhdod .ekSug isÿ ù we;'
fuh isÿl< yelafla iemhqïodu l<uKdlrKh ;=<ska u muKs'
jrdhhka hkq iemehqïoduhkays iïnkaO;djhla jk w;r" tajd
f.da,Sh iemhqïodu iy l,dmSh ksIamdok yd mßfNdack fj<|m,
w;r wka;¾ l%shdldß;ajhg iydh fjhs' f.da,Sh iemhqïoduh
b;du;au ixlS¾K ù we;s w;r msßjeh" l%shdldÍ;ajh" ndOdjkag
uqyqK§fï yelshdj jeäÈhqKq lsÍu l%u ld¾h iïmdok l¾udka;hg

äðg,a ;dCIKfhys n,h Wmfhda.S
lr .ksñka kdúl fCIa;%fha ld¾h
idOkh by< kxjd.; yels w;r oekg
uqyqK § isák ;SrKd;aul wNsfhda. ch
.ekSug o uy`.= msájy,la jkq we;'
äðg,a ;dCIKh mq¿,a f,i yd jvd
fyd¢ka iïnkaëlrKh lsÍu ;=<ska b;d
by< ld¾hCIu;djh" wdrCIs;Ndjh
iy wju mßir ydksh ;=<ska ;u
mdßfNda.slhd yg by< mdßfNda.sl
;Dma;shla iemehqï l%shdj,sh ;=<ska
,nd Èh yels h'
^Logistics Industry& n,mEï we;s lrkq ,nhs' fuys§ b;du;a iq¿
,dN m%;sY;hla ;=<ska fufyhqï lghq;= isÿlrk w;r" w.h tl;=
lsÍfï l%shdj,sh ^Value Added& jeä wjOdkhla fhduq fkdùu
lemS fmfkk ,laIKhls'
iemehqï odu ;=< ixia:d" wNHka;r fomd¾;fïka;=" ndysr
iemhqïlrejka" ndysr fnod yßkakka iy .kqfokqlrejka iu.
wka;¾ iïnkaO;djh we;s lrkq ,nhs' iemehqï oduhka ^Supply
Chain& id¾:l f,i l<ukdlrK lsÍu i|yd my; i|yka lreKq
úfYaIfhkau n,mdkq ,nhs'
1' mdßfNda.sl wfmalaIdjka ^Customer Exception&
2' f.da,ShlrKh ^Globalization&
3' ;dlaIKsl kfjda;amdokhka ^Technological Innovations&
4' rcfhys kshdukhka ^Government Regulations&
5' ;r.ldÍ;ajh ^Completion&
6' ;sridrNdjh ^Sustainability Concerns&
f.da,SlrKh iy kj fj<|m,j,a ìysùu" ksIAmdok fj<|m,
;=< uydmßudK msßueiqï ^Economics of Scale& msßjeh wdY%s;
fjkiaùï ^Lean Manufacturing & j, n,mEï iy idOl ksidfjka
iemhqïodu l<ukdlrKfhys wLKAv úldYkh ^Continuous
Improvement of Supply Chain& isÿfjñka mj;shs'
.kqfokqlrejkaf.a fiajd wfmalaIdjkaf.a by< kuHYs,S Ndjh"
úiajdikSh;ajh iy ksjerÈ;djh fndfyda l¾udka; Yd,dj,
19
ksIamdok kfjda;amdok ^Product Innovation& ie,lsh hq;= ;r.ldÍ
idOlhla njg m;a ù we;' kj ksmehqï yd ;dlaIKfhka Èh;a
lrk m%:uhd njg iud.ï ;r.lsÍu fuhg fya;=j ù we;' fuys
m%;sM,hla f,i iemehqï odu pl%fhys ^Supply Chain Cycle& .;
jk ld,h wvqlr.; yels ù we;' WodyrKhla jYfhka ksr;
ld,h ^Lead Time& b;du;a my;a w.hla .ksñka mj;shs'
keõ.; l< hq;= ksIamdok ixLHdj iy keõ.; lsÍfï m%jK;djh
by< hñka mj;sk w;r" tall mßudj ^Batch Size& l=vd fjñka
mj;shs' mdßfNda.slhdf.a wjYH;djh wkqj ilia lrk ,o
ksIamdok i|yd jeä b,a¨ula mj;sk w;r tajd läkñka"
by< fnod yeÍfï úYajdikSh;ajhla iys;j" wju msßjehlska"
mdßfNda.sl ;Dma;sh jeälsÍu isÿlrhs' mdßfNda.sl ;Dma;sh i|yd
msßjeh jeo.;a idOlhla jk w;r iemhqï odufhys úYsIag;ajh
iy ld¾hlaIu;dj mdßfNda.sl fiajh flfrys jeä wjOdkhla
fhduq flfrhs'
j¾Okh jk ksmqK;d ysÕh jrdh iy l%u ld¾h iïmdok fCIa;%h
flfrys b;d oeä f,i n,mdk nj jd¾;udkfhys fmkShk
lreKls' Y%u n,ldhg ixlS¾K iy tlsfklg fjkia fiajdjka
iemhSu wNsfhda.hlg ,la ù we;' wdh;k ;u Y%u n,ldh ksis
f,i mj;ajdf.k hdu i|yd ksrka;r mqyqKqj ,nd §u ;=<ska
wfmaCIs; M,odhs;djh ,nd.ekSug W;aidy orhs' tu ksid kùk
;dlaIK {dkh yd úIh fCIa;%fhys oekqu jeäÈhqKq lsÍu ksmqK;d
j¾Okh flfrys m%Odk jYfhka n,mdkq ,nhs'
kj ;dCIKh ms<sn|j l;d lsÍfï iajhxl%Sh .nvd myiqlï ,nd
§u" 3D ;dCIKh" kshuqjka rys; jdyk fufyhqï iy lD;Su
nqoaêh jeks ud;Dld b;du;a fõ.fhka kdúl iemehqï odu
l<ukdlrKhg tlafjñka mj;S' fï ;=<ska kdúl fufyhqï
lghq;= ms<sn| ish¨ f;dr;=re ksjerÈj yd úYajdijka;Ndjh
;yjqre jk msßÈ fiajd odhlhd fj; b;d flá ld,hlska ,nd
§ug yelsjkq we;'
äðg,a ;dCIKfhys n,h Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka kdúl fCIa;%fha
ld¾h idOkh by< kxjd.; yels w;r oekg uqyqK § isák
;SrKd;aul wNsfhda. ch .ekSug o uy`.= msájy,la jkq we;'
äðg,a ;dCIKh mq¿,a f,i yd jvd fyd¢ka iïnkaëlrKh lsÍu
;=<ska b;d by< ld¾hCIu;djh" wdrCIs;Ndjh iy wju mßir
ydksh ;=<ska ;u mdßfNda.slhd yg by< mdßfNda.sl ;Dma;shla
iemehqï l%shdj,sh ;=<ska ,nd Èh yels h'
úfYaIfhka u mßir ys;ldó äðg,a moaO;shla l%shd;aul lsÍu
;=<ska kdúl fufyhqï lghq;= úêu;a lsÍug wod< keõ .uka
.kakd ud¾. ;SrKh lsÍu" jrdh fiajd lghq;=" NdKav ksYaldIKh
iy wfkl=;a m%jdyk cd, w;r o;a; ksis mßÈ yqjudre lr.ekSug
myiqlï i,ikq we;' j¾;udk wNsfhda. jYfhka ta ta rgj,a
j, mj;sk kS;suh ;;a;ajhka" udkj iïmf;ys ys`.h" rdcH
yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfhys wvq odhl;ajh iy ihsn¾ wjldYh ;=<
we;sjk m%ydr ;;a;ajhka y÷kajd Èh yels h'
wjidk jYfhka id¾:l äðg,a mßj¾;khla isÿ lsÍu i|yd
ia:djr foaYmd,k lemùu" m%udK;djka kshdukhka iy rdcH iy
fm!oa.,sl wxY w;r M,odhS iyfhda.S;jhlska fuka u" wOHdmkh
yd ksmqK;d mqyqKqj ms<sn| oeä wjOdkhla wjYH fjhs' id¾:l
iemehqï odu l%shdj,shla we;s lsÍu ;=<ska kdúl fCIa;%fhys
M,odhS;djh jeälsÍu fuu.ska isÿ l< yels h'
f,d j úYd,;u ny¨ fk!ld .Khg wh;a jk
Ever Ace ny¨ fk!ldj fld<U jrdfha
fld<U cd;Hka;r ny¨ m¾hka;h (CICT)
fj; m%:u jrg meñKSu miq.sh od isÿ úKs'
tj¾ .%Ska keõ fiajdjg wh;a ny¨ 24"000l Odß;djhlska
iukaú; m%:u fk!ldj f,i Ever Ace ie,fla' A mka;shg wh;a
fuu fk!ldj È. óg¾ 400 ls' m<, óg¾ 61'5 la jk w;r" óg¾
14'5l Wilska hqla;h' fk!ldfõ mQ¾K Odß;dj;a iu. mehg
kdúl ie;mqï 22'6 l fõ.fhka hd;%d lsÍug iu;a fuu fk!ldj
f,dj úYd,;u ny¨ fk!ldjls'
fk!ld fiajfha wdishd hqfrdamd fj<| lghq;= i|yd CEM
fiajdj hgf;a bl=;a cQ,s 28 jk Èk Èh;a flreKq fk!ldj ish
ux., .uka jdrfha § Ever Ace lsx.avdfjda" Iexyhs" ksx.afnda"
;dhsfma" iekaähka" frdg¾vEï" yeïn¾.a iy *S,slaiafgdaõ hk m%Odk úOdhl ks<OdÍ;=uka we;=¿ ish¿ ks<OdÍka" jrdh lghq;=
jrdhhka fj; hd;%d l<dh' iïnkaOfhka b;d iyfhda.fhka hq;=j Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
iu. lghq;= lsÍu fjkqfjka o Tyq ish ia;+;sh m%ldY lr isák
Ever Ace úúO mßir ys;ldó iy bkaOk ld¾hCIu ,§'
Wmdhud¾.sl ie,eiqï j,ska iukaú; fk!ldjla f,i buy;a
lS¾;shla w;alrf.k ;sfí' tj¾ .%Ska keõ fiajdfõ kdjql fiajd w;s.re ckdêm;s;=udf.a m%;sm;a;s m%ldYk jevms<sfj, hgf;a"
hdj;ald,Sk lsÍfï wruqfKka Ever Ace fk!ldjg wu;rj 'A' Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh úiska flá ld,Sk yd §¾> ld,Sk jHdmD;s
LdKavfha ny¨ fk!ld 12la Ever Ace fidhqre fk!ldjka f,iska /ila Èh;a lr ;sfí' kef.kysr yd ngysr m¾hka; bÈlsÍï
tj¾ .%Ska iud.u ish fiajd cd,hg tla lsÍug kshñ; h' wdrïNh yd Bg iu.dój fiajd iemhqï jHdmD;sh fláld,Sk
ie,iqï f,i;a" ny¨ tall ñ,shk 07 l fld<U jrdfha j;auka
fuu wjia:djg tla jQ Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha iNdm;s Odß;djh ;j;a tall ñ,shk 20 lg wêl m%udKhlska j¾Okh
lms;dka ksyd,a lemafmáfmd, uy;d m%ldY lr isáfha mj;akd lsÍug wfmaIs; fld<U W;=re jrdh jHdmD;sh o È.=ld,Sk
jix.; ;;a;ajh ;=< uq¿ f,dalhu w¾nqoldÍ wjia:djlg uqyqK md jHdmD;shla f,i;a Èh;alr ;sfí'
isák ;;a;ajhl" th fj<| kdúl fCIa;%h fj; o úYd, n,mEula
t,a, lrñka ;sfnk njhs' tjka wjia:djl fld<U jrdh zzweußldkq fvd,¾ ì,shk 140 l msßjehlska hq;= bka§h
flfrys úYd, wjOdkhla ,nd foñka wjodku o fkd;ld f,dj id.rud,d jHdmD;sh;a wefußldkq fvd,¾ á%,shk 01l msßjehlska
úYd,;u ny¨ fk!ldjla jk Ever Ace fk!ldfõ meñKSu Y%S hq;= Ökfha fiao udj; jHdmD;sh;a l%shd;aul jk rduqjla ;=<"
,xld jrdh wêldßhg;a" fld<U jrdhg;a" wm uõìug;a iqúfYaIS fuu jHdmD;s l%shd;aul fõ' Bg iu.dój yïnkaf;dg" .d,a,
ikaêia:dkhla iy wNsudkhla f,i ye¢kaúh yels njhs' fld<U yd ;%sl=Kdu,h jrdh ixj¾Ok jHdmD;Ska o l%shd;aul ùu ;=<
jrdh fuka u Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh flfrys ;nk ,o úYajdih Y%S ,xldj wdishdfõ kdúl flakaøh njg m;aùu meyeÈ,sh'ZZ
ms<sn|j tj¾.%Ska fk!ld cd,hg o tys foaYSh ksfhdað; tj¾.%Ska iNdm;sjrhd jeäÿrg;a mejiSh'
Ismsx tackais ,xld ^mqoa& iud.u ^fyaudia ueßghsï mqoa.,sl iud.u&
o Tyq ia;+;sh m< lf<a h'
jrdh yd kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok ue;s;=ud;a"
wu;HxYfha f,alï;=ud;a ,nd fok ksrka;r iyfhda.h fjkqfjka
o ish ia;+;sh m<l< w;r" jrdh lghq;= ukdj mj;ajdf.k hEu
i|yd Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha fiajl uy;au uy;aóka ,nd fok
iydh;a" ta fjkqfjka jD;a;Sh ix.ï ,ndfok iydh;a fjkqfjka
Tyq ish ia;+;sh m< lf<a h'
úfYaIfhka u fld<U cd;Hka;r ny¨ m¾hka; iud.fï

20
21
w ;HjYH fiajdjla f,i mj;akd NdKAv wmkhkh yd
wdkhkh fufyhqï l%shdj,fha uOHia:dkhla f,i fld<U
jrdhg w;ajkafka iqúfYaIs ia:dkhls' tu l%shdj,sfha mQ¾K
j.lSu Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh fj; mejÍ we;'
• fldúâ frd.Ska$wdYs%;hska rcfha fi!LH ud¾f.damfoaY wkqj
ksfrdaOdhkhg fhduq lsÍu' Tjqkaf.a iqNidOkh fidhd ne,Su'
• M,odhS fiajd uqr y÷kajd §u ;=<ska fiajhg jd¾;d lrk
ffoksl msßi md,kh'
fuu wdkhk wmkhk fufyhqï l%shdj,sh jvd;a ld¾HlaIu yd
• m%fõY fodrgq j,È ksis mßlaIdjlska miqj we;=,a lsÍu'
M,odhSj mj;ajdf.k hdug fï jk úg tys oi oyilg wdikak
fiajl m%udKhla rdcldßfha fhfohs' • ish¿ fiajlhska i|yd tkak;alrK wjia:d 02 lg iïmq¾K
fkdfhl=;a ;k;=re hgf;a fiajh lrk fuu msßi i|yd lsÍu'
wdh;khla f,i Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh Wmßu iqNidOkhla • ksrka;r fiajl oekqj;a lsÍï'
^welfare& yd rdcldÍ w;r;=r Wmßu iqrlaIs;;djla (Safety& we;s tjeks mshjrhka lsysmhls'
fldg ;sfí'
fuys kj;u mshjr f,i mE,shf.dv msysá Y%S ,xld jrdh
cd;Hka;r uÜgfï fiajd imhk wdh;khla f,i l,dmfha
wêldßh ;kslv fiajl ksjdih zzY%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha
jrdhhka yd fk!ld iud.ï iy fiajdodhlhska w;r úiajdijka;
w;rueÈ fldúâ m%;sldr uOHia:dkhlaZZ f,i kùlrKh fldg
fyd| kula r|jd .ekSug yelsj we;af;a tneúks'
ish¿ myiqlï iys;j msysgqùu fiajlhskaf.a fukau jrdh Ndú;d
mj;akd jix.; ;;ajh md,kh lsÍug Y%S ,xld jrdh f,i fï jk
lrkakkaf.a o m%idohg m;aj we;'
úg mshjr /ila f.k ;sfí'
fuys m%:u wÈhr § we|ka 108 lg;a iukaú; jk w;r" fojk
• fiajd ia:dk ffokslj úIîcdkqyrKh lsÍu'
wÈhf¾ § ;j;a we|ka 110 la tla fldg fuu uOHia:dkh mq¿,a
• fiajlhska i|yd wjYH uqL wdjrK$w;ajeiqï yd ld¾hd, ;=, lsÍug kshñ; h'
mßyrK i|yd úIîckdYl ia:dk we;s lsÍu' mj;akd jix.; ;;a;ajh hgf;a Y%S ,xldfõ jrdh moaO;sh

22
;=< isÿjk ish¿ fufyhqï lghq;= wLKavj mj;ajdf.k hdfï
wjYH;dj jrdh yd kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok
uy;df.a ksrka;r wjOdkhg ,laj we;s ldrKhls'
tjka miqìul jrdh fiajl m%cdj ;=< Tjqkaf.a iqrlaIs;;dj
ms<sn|j o .re wud;H;=ukaf.a wjOdkh fhduqj we;'
tys tla mshjrla f,i" wud;H;=ukaf.a u. fmkaùu hgf;a fï
i|yd wjYH ie<iqï ilia flßKs'
ta wkqj" Y%S,xld jrdh wêldßfha iNdm;s lms;dka ksyd,a
lemafmáfmd, uy;df.a Wmfoia u; fuu ld¾h mejfrkqfha
zzfldúâ u¾Ok l%shdldÍ lñgqjZZ fyj;a CPAC fj;hs' tys
m%OdkS" wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok& k,ska wfmdkaiq uy;df.a
fufyhùfuka" ffjoH fldÜGdYfha ffjoH i÷ks ,shkf.a
uy;añhf.a mQ¾K ksßlaIKfhka fuu uOHia:dkh fï jk úg
l%shd;aul fõ'
fuys we;s tla jeo.;a lula jkafka fuu jHdmD;sh ksu
lsÍu i|yd rdcldß fõ,dfjka neyerj fndfyda fiajl uy;ajre
iafõÉPdfjka hq;=j fiajh fldg ;sîuhs' tfukau" jD;a;Sh
ix.uhla f,i Y%S ,xld fmdÿck fmruqK wkqnoaê; rcfha jD;a;Sh
ix.uh o mQ¾K ld,Sk odhl;ajh ,nd foñka fï fjkqfjka lemù
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha újD; jQ
rdcH wdh;khl fiajlhska fjkqfjka bÈjqKq
m<uq wx. iïmQ¾K
fldúâ w;rueÈ m%;sldr uOHia:dkh
23
l%shdl, ;j;a md¾Yjhls'
fuu zzw;rueÈ fldúâ m%;sldr uOHia:dkhZZ msysgqùfuka
fuf;la jrdh fiajlhska w;r .eg¿jlaj meje;s fldúâ
wdidokh fyda wdY%s;hl= ùu fya;=fjka ksfjia ksfrdaOhkhg
fhduqùu kej;S we;' tf,i fhduq lsÍu fya;=fjka ksfjia j,
idudðlhskaj wjOdkulg ,laùu l;d nylg ,la jQ lreKls' tu
;;a;ajh fiajlhkaf.a udkisl uÜgu b;d fyd¢ka mj;ajdf.k
hdug fya;= ù we;'
rcfha fi!LH ud¾f.damfoaYhkag wkqj ndysr ffjoH yd fyo
ld¾h uKav,hl ksrka;r wëlaIKh hgf;a fuys m%;sldr i|yd
wdidê;hka fhduq flf¾' tfukau" Tjqka i|yd wjYH wdydr"
m%;sÔjl" T!IO" foaYSh m%;sÔjl mdk" wjYH ld,h i|yd NdKav
lÜg,hla" rEmjdysks" ksoyia ia:dk fukau wjYH Tlaiscka ,nd§u
we;=¿ iEu wjYH;djhlau wx. iïmQ¾K f,i bgqlr §ug wjYH
úêúOdk fuys i,id we;'
rcfha wdh;khla f,i wx. iïmQ¾K zzw;rueÈ fldúâ
m%;sldr uOHia:dkhlaZZ ia:dms; l, m<uq wjia:dj fuh neõ Y%S
,xld jrdh wêldßfha woyi hs'
uydpd¾h ,,s;a tÈßisxy
mSGdêm;s" l<ukdlrKh yd iudc
úoHdmSGh' CINEC Campus - ud,fò

Logistics m% ;sm;a;suh ;SrK úúO rchka uÕska f.k ;snqKo" wvqu

jYfhka fuu bx.%Sis fhÿug wod< isxy, jpkhj;a
fuf;la iudc.; fkdùuhs' fï wkqj YS% ,xld m%jdyk
yd ld¾fhdamdh ix.ufha wm úoaj;a lñgqj úiska lrk ,o

isxyf,ka
m<uq ld¾hh jQfha f,dcsiaálaia ksjerÈj isxyf,ka w¾:l:kh
lsÍuhs' ^msgq wxl 346 n,kak&' ta wkqj jvd;a iqÿiq mdßNdIsl moh
ifya;=lj úuiSug moku idod .kakd ,oS'
fuf;la úúOdldr jpk Logistics j, isxy, mßj¾;kh f,i
y÷kajd §ug W;aidy f.k ;snqk o tajd iudc.; fkdùfï ryi tu
jpk uÕska "Logistics" ksjerÈj .uH fkdùu nj uf.a fm!oa.,sl

lshùug
woyihs' ld¾fhdamdh hk jpkh fuf;la mej;s tu NdId ysvei
mqrjkq we;ehs uu Wola n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjñ' YS% ,xldjg fu;rï
jeo.;a jQ úIhhla i`oyd fjka jQ rdcH wdh;khla fkdùu ms<sn`o
uúiska os.ska os.gu n,OdÍkaf.a wjOdkh fhduq lf<ñ' 2018
jif¾ YS% ,xld jr,;a l%uld¾h iïmdok yd m%jdyk wdh;kh

wjia:djla
u.ska ixúOdkh l< m<uq cd;sl iïudk Wf<f,a oS tys iNdm;s
f,i ud rchg lrk ,o uQ,sl fhdackdj jQfha f,dcsiaálaia i`oyd
rdcH wdh;khla ia:dms; lrk f,ihs'
m%jdykh iy ld¾fhdamdh hkq fjk;a iudc yd jdkscH
l%shdldÍkaf.a jHq;amkak b,a¨ula nj kHdhd;aulj ms<s.kafka
kï tajd úIhhka f,i yeoEÍu jHdmdßl lafIa;%fha wkqoekqu;a
iuÕ isÿùu jvd;a M,odhS nj udf.a woyihs' mdi," úYaj úoHd,h
iy jHdmdßl lafIa;%h hk ia;r ;=ku fþokh jk f,i isria
wkql,khla cks; lrùu fuys § jeo.;a fõ'
u.S m%jdykh fukau NdKav m%jdykh o iudc ixia:djg
fl<skau n,mEï we;slrk wx. fõ' l=vd orejdf.a mgka fcaHIaG
mqrjeishd olajdu m%jdyk l%shdj,sh ms<sn`o oekqj;a ùu wjYHh'

24
Bg wu;rj —ld¾fhdamdh˜ Ndú; fkdjk jHdmdrhla fyda fjk;a
iudc l%shdj,shla fidhd.ekSu wmyiqh' ñksidf.a YsIagdpdr ìysùu"
ixpdrh u.ska iïm;a wiu;=,s;;djh ksÍlaIKh ùu" fjf<`odu"
m%jdykh" f.da,ShlrKh jeks ish¨ m%jk;d f.dvke.S we;af;a
ld¾fhdamdh kï l%shdj,sh iy tu woDYHudk fõosldj u;h'
m%jdykh iy .nvdlrKh yqfol,dj isÿ fkdfõ' ta i`oyd wjYH
Wmdhud¾.sl m%fõYh ,efnkafka f,dcsiaálaia ksidh' m%jdykh
iy ld¾fhdamdh tlu ldishl fome;a; jeksh' YS% ,xldfõ osfkka
osk W.%jk m%jdyk .eg¨j,g uQ,sl fya;=j ù we;af;a m%jdykh
yd ld¾fhdamdh hk úIhhka tlg ixl,kh fkdùu nj udf.a
woyihs' ld¾fhdamdh hk woDYHudk oejeka; fõosldj fkdi,ld
yer m%jdykh ms<sn`o yqfola fN!;sl iïm;a mokï lr.;a ;SrK
.ekSu os.ska os.gu isÿ jqjfyd;a Y%S ,xldj wfmalaId lrk oshqKqj
lsisod ,nd.; fkdyel'
WodyrKhla f,i m%jdyk fiajdj fufyhjkq ,nkafka
ld¾fhdamdh kï jQ — fud<h˜ u.sks' tneúka ld¾fhdamdh hk úIh
fkdi<ld yer m%jdyk ;SrK .kafka kï th wkqjK l%shdjla nj
ir,j jgyd .; hq;=h' YS% ,xldfõ m%jdykh uQ,slj fufyhjkq
,nkafka rdcH wkq.%yh u; neúka m%jdyk wud;HdxYh yryd
ld¾fhdamdh keue;s úIhg ,eìh hq;= jHjia:dms; ms,s.ekSu
,nd osh hq;= w;r" túg úYajúoHd, moaO;sh ;=<ska ,nd .; yels
kHdhd;aul miqìu ,nd.ekSug wjldYh iliajk w;r isria
wkql,kh ukdj isÿ fõ'
;j;a WodyrKhla kï NdKav m%jdykh i`oyd ÿïßh fhdod
fkd.ekSuhs' 1977 jif¾ isg ìysjQ ñY% wd¾Ól rgdj ;=< ksoyia
fjf<`o l,dmh jeks NdKav m%jdykh uQ,sl lr.;a ixl,am
ìysúh' wuqøjH fjk;a rgj,ska wdkhkh lr Y%S ,xldj ksIamdokd.
drhl N+ñldj isÿ lsÍu ksid Y%S ,xldj ;=< úYd, nyd¨ m%udKhla
ixprKh ùug mgka.;s' fuu nyd¨ï m%jdykh i`oyd ÿïßh
fhdod fkd.ekSu ;=< uyd ud¾.j,g isÿjk ydksh wvq wdodhï
rglg flfiaj;a ord.; fkdyel' fujeks lreKq úYajúoHd,
uÜgfuka ksr;=rej m¾fhaIKhg n`ÿka jk w;r tu jd¾;dj,ska
ksis m%fhdack .ekSug fkdyels ù we;af;a m%jdyk wxY úiska
ld¾fhdamdh fkdi,ld yeÍu ksidh'
ud¾. wn,ka jk úg th ms<silr lsÍu iy ;sfnk niar:
m%udKh uos hhs kj nia r: tl;= lsÍu jeks mgq úi`ÿï fjkqjg
ld¾fhdamdhfõoh ;=<ska tu .eg¿j, uQ,h fidhd jvd;a M,odhs
;SrK .ekSug kï fuu úIhhka fol tla wdh;khlska md,kh
úh hq;=h' WodyrKhla f,i wmf.a ud¾. idod we;af;a ksr;=rej
wênr nyd¨ m%jdykh i`oyd fkdjk neúka uq¿ ud¾. moaO;shu
wksh; f,i úkdYhg m;a jkafka ld¾fhdamdh miqìï lr.;a id¾j
úiÿïj,g wkq.; fkùu ksidh' wm ld¾fhdamdh iy m%jdykh
ixl,kh fldg ;SrK .ekSfï jeo.;alu wjfndaO lr fkd.ekSu
cd;sl wmrdOhla ù we;af;a fï ksidh'
f,dcsiaálaia fkdfyd;a ld¾fhdamdh hkq m%jdykh yd
.nvdlrKh hk fufyhqï folu Wmdhud¾.slj isÿ l<
hq;= wdldrh fmkajd fok levm;la n`ÿh' oYl folla ;siafia
úYajúoHd, uÜgfuka fuu úIh W.kajd ;snqK;a ld¾fhdamdh
fkdfyd;a f,dcsiaálaia ;=<ska iudchg bgqúh hq;= odhl;ajh
fkd,eîu .ek uu wjxlju lK.dgq fjñ' ld¾fhdamdh iïnkaO
iudc wjfndaOh mq¿,a úh hq;af;a fuu miqìu ;=,h' ld¾fhdamdh
u.ska m%jdykhg ,eìh hq;= Wmdhud¾.sl l<ukdlrK ksmqK;dj
iy yelshdj jydu osh hq;=h' ld¾fhdamdh Ydia;S%h úIhla f,i
b.ekaùu isÿ lrkafka m%jdykh iu`. iïnkaO lrf.kh' mdi,a
úIh ks¾foaYh" jD;a;Sh ämaf,daud iy úYajúoHd, mdGud,d
25
jeks foa úYaf,aIKd;aulj neÆ úg fuh meyeos,sh' tfia kï
fuu ixl,amh idudkH cSú;fha l%shd;aul lsÍfïoS o Bg iudk
m%fõYhla .ekSu w;HjYHh' tneúka ó<`. msgq lsysmh mdi,"
úYajúoHd,h" rch iy ld¾fhdamdh yd m%jdyk wdh;k u.ska
ksl=;a lr we;s ks¾foaY i`oyd fjka lr we;'
—Logistics˜ úIh úYajúoHd, uÜgfuka b.ekaùu wdrïN ù oYl
folla muK .; jqj;a fï i|yd isxy, mdßNdIsl jpkhla fkdue;s
ùu wvqjla f,i fuu lafIa;%fha úYdrohka úiska y÷kdf.k ;snq‚'
miq.sh jir lsysmh ;=<u fï iïnkaOj úúO ïÜgfï idlÉPd
meje;ajQ w;r tajdg fudrgqj úYajúoHd,fha m%jdyk yd iemhqï
f,dðiaálaia i|yd
;dlaI‚lj jvd;a iqÿiq fhÿu
f,i —ld¾fhdamdh˜ hk jpkh
ia:dms; lsÍu
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ fcHIaG uydpd¾h wu,a tia' l=udrf.a" fld<U
úYajúoHd,fha l,d mSGfha wd¾Ól úoHd wxYfha uydpd¾h ,,s;isß
.=Krejka" fld<U úYajúoHd,fha isxy, wOHhk wxYfha uydpd¾h
i|f.dañ fldamrfyajd" mlsia;dkfha bl%d úYajúoHd,fha uydpd¾h
m%oSmd chr;ak" fudrgqj úYajúoHd,fha wpd¾h wñ, ;síngqjdj"
wpd¾h ksf,aia fmf¾rd iy uu iyNd.S ùuq'
f,dðiaálaia i|yd ;dlaI‚l j jvd;a iqÿiq fhÿu f,i —
ld¾fhdamdh˜ hk jpkh ia:dms; lsÍug fï wkqj fuu úoaj;a
lñgqj úiska talu;slj ;SrKh lrk ,o w;r —Logistics˜ fjkqjg
—ld¾fhdamdh˜ m%:u jrg fhdod m<jk .%ka:h fuh fõ' fï
iïnkaO uydpd¾h i|f.daóf.a w¾:oelaùu my; oelafjhs' —ld¾h˜
^jev$ ld¾hh$ ld¾h idOkh& iy —Wmdh˜ ^Wmdh ud¾.$ idOkh$
fuj,ï$ fhoùu& hk taldnoaO w¾:h we;s w;r idudkHfhka
f,dðiaálaia Logistics hk mq¿,a ud;Dldj hgf;a iuia; f,i
wdjrKh lrhs'
fuu lreK iïnkaOj wdos wdkkaosfhl= jk ud ys;j;a
uydpd¾h fla'ta'mS' isoaêfiakhkaf.kao uu úuiSula lf<ñ' Tyq
úiska ud fj; —l%shd ixúOdkh" iemhqï ixúOdkh˜ hk jpk
bosßm;a l< w;r tu jpk j,skao Logistics j, we;s —Wmdhud¾.
sl˜ hk ,laIKh úia;r fkdjk neúka wjidkfha Tyqf.a woyi
jQfhao jvd;a ksjeros jpkh ld¾fhdamdh njhs' bka wk;=rej wm
fuu fhdackdj ;j;a wdos wdkkaosfhl= jk uydpd¾h fÊ' î'
Èidkdhlhka fj; bÈßm;a l< w;r fï iïnkaO ú.%yh Tyqf.a
jpkfhka u bÈßm;a lr we;' —b;d ir,j lsj fyd;a Logistics
hkq hula ksjerÈj l< hq;= úÈh hs'
úfYaIfhkau úYd, jQ o" ÿIalr jQ o ixlS¾K jQ o jHdmD;shla
l%shdjg kexúh hq;= wdldrh hs' fï i|yd oekgu;a Ndú; jk
jpk lSysmhla we;' zúê l%uZ" ld¾h ixúOdkh" zld¾h iïmdokhZ"
zl%fudamdhZ" zld¾h idOkhZ" zl%shdj,shZ" zl%uld¾h iïmdokhZ
hkqfjks' fï i|yd fuys fhdackd lr we;s ld¾fhdamdh o fhda.H
fõ' ld¾fhdamdh ms<sn| úoHd;aul úu¾Ykh zld¾fhdamdhfõohZ
hkqfjka ye¢kaúh yels h'˜
cd
;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ix.%yh jkakdjQ fldgi (Recommendatory Section – Part B) jYfhka
^International Ship & Port Facility Security Code -ISPS) fldgia oaú;ajhlska iukaú; fõ'
cd;Hka;r iuqøSh ixúOdkh (International Maritime iuqøSh$ jrdh wdrlaIl mshjrhka wkq.ukh lsrSu u.ska" ;%ia:jd§
Organization - IMO) u.ska ( iuqÿr u;§ Ôjfha iqrlaIs;;djh ;¾ck yuqfõ m%;sM,odhS f,i lghq;= lsÍfï$ m%;spdr oelaùfï
(Safety of Life at Sea - SOLAS) iïnkaOfhka kshdukhka 1974 yelshdj we;slr .ekSu uQ,sl wruqK ù we;;a" cd;Hka;r$ foaYSh
j¾IfhaoS iïu; lr.kq ,en we; ' tu.ska" jrdh iy fk!ldjkays c, ;Srhkays § isÿúh yels uqyqÿ fld,a,lEï" ikakoaO fld,a,lEï"
wdrlaIdj ms<sn`o lreKq iuQyhla wdjrKh lsÍu isÿjqjo 1985'10'07 fidrlï$ ;ykï NdKav$ u;aøjH iy ñksia cdjdrï" wka;rdhlr
Èk m,ia;Sk úuqla;s fmruqK kï ixúOdkfha idudðlhska msßila keõ NdKav ryis.;j m%jdykh lsÍï iy úúO kS;s úfrdaê lghq;=
úiska" b;d,s Och hgf;a Bcsma;= fjr<dikakfha hd;%dlrñka ms<sn`o wjodkï wju lsÍug o fuu.ska meyeos<s odhl;ajhla ,nd§
;snQ ACHILE LAURO kï u.S fk!ldj meyer.ekSu iy tys we;'
.uka.;a hqfoõ iïNjhla iys; wdndê; weußldkq cd;sl fcHIaG cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ix.%yfhys
mqrjeisfhl= (Leon Klinghoffer - Age 69) >d;kh lr uqyqog oeñfï wka;¾.;" iuqøSh$ jrdh mrsY% wdrlaIdj yd wod, jkakdjQ m%Odk
isÿùu u.ska" fujka wjia:djla je,elaùug fukau ;%ia: l%shdjl§ lreKq ixlaIsma;j'
m%;spdr oelaùug ffk;slj mej;s úúO ndOl iy iSudjka ms<sn`oj" 01'iduqøSh$ jrdh wdrlaIl n,Odßfhl= kï lsÍfï§ (Designated
cd;Hka;rfha oeä wjodkhla fhduqù we;' fk!ld .ukd.ukh Authority) Y%S ,xldj yd wod,j tjlg jrdh yd .=jka fiajd úIh
iy jrdh mßY%hkays wdrlaIdj iïnkaOfhka b`÷rdu wod, jkakdjQ Ndr wud;Hjrhd úiska Y%S ,xld kdúl yuqodm;sjrhd m;a lrkq
iïuq;shla ieliSu i`oyd cd;Hka;r iduqøSh ixúOdkh u.ska ish ^n,d;aul lsrSu - 2004 cQ,s ui 01 osk isg& ,en we;s w;r" wjYH;d
idudðl rdcHhkays wjodkh fhduqlrkq ,en we;;a" wOHhkfha wkql+,j fuu lghq;= i`oyd rdcH fkdjk ms<s.;a wdrlaIl
fh§u iy flgqïm;a ieliSu jeks §¾> jQ ld¾hh wkqms<sfj, ixúOdkhkaf.a (Recognized Security Organizations - RSO)
ukao.dñj isÿùu muKla fï yd wod,j isÿù we;' fiajho rcfha wNsu;h mßÈ ,nd .; yels fõ'
2000'10'12 osk weußld tlai;a ckmo kdúl yuqodjg wh;a
fk!ldjla" fhaukfha - taäka jrdfha bkaOk ,nd.ksñka isáh§( 02'wdrlaIl ;;a;aj uÜgï ;%s;ajh' (Three Security Levels)
mqmqrK øjH msrjQ hd;%djla kdúl yuqod fk!ldj iu.ska .eàug 03'wjodku l<ukdlrKh (Risk Management) ms<sn`o l%shdj,sh
i,iajd isÿlr we;s ;%ia:jd§ m%ydrhlska " kdúl yuqod idudðlhska
17 fofkl= ureuqjg m;aj we;s w;r" fk!ldjgo bka nrm;, wdrlaIl ;;a;aj uÜgu jrdh msúiqï$msgùï l%shd ms<sfj;a
ydks isÿù we; ' fuu isÿùu;a iu.ska cd;Hka;r jrdh mßY%hkays
jrdh msúiqï$msgùï l%shd jrdh msúiqï n,m;%$ wod, wjirm;a
§ isÿúh yels ie,iqï iy.; ;%ia:jd§ l%shdjka iïnkaofhka
ms<sfj;a wdrlaIl ;;a;aj mßlaIdj iy mqoa., wkkH;dj y÷kd
cd;Hka;rfhau wjodkh kej; fhduqù we;;a" jrdh wdrlaIdj
uÜgu - 01 idudkH .ekSu' wyUq f,i isÿlrkq ,nk
iïnkaOfhka tf;la wkq.ukh l, l%ufõohkays ie,lsh hq;= §¾>$ wkqms<sfj,skajQ mßlaId lsÍï
fjkila fuu wjia:dfõ§ o isÿ lrkq ,en fkdue;' Security Level – 01
2001'09'11 osk u.S .=jka hdkd folla Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka weußld Normal
tlai;a ckmoh fj; t,a,jQ wudkqIsl ;%ia:jd§ m%ydrfhka miq wdrlaIl ;;a;aj uÜgu - 02 jrdh msúiqï n,m;% $ wod, wjirm;a
fk!ldjka o ;%ia; m%ydr i`oyd fuf,iska u Wmfhda.Slr .ekSfï wdrlaIdj iïnkaofhka mßlaIdj iy mqoa., wkkH;dj y÷kd
we;s yelshdj iïnkaOfhka wOHhkh lrñka" iuqÿr u;oS Ôjfha wjodkula mej;sh yels .ekSu §¾>$ wkqms<sfj,skajQ mßlaId
iqrlaIs;;djh (Safety of Life at Sea - SOLAS) ix.%yfha XI-2 Security Level – 02 wksjd¾h lsÍu
mßÉfPAofha " iduqøSh wdrlaIdj jeä ÈhqKq lsÍfï úfYaI l%shdud¾. Heightened risk of a security
ms<sn`o ixfYdaOkhla jYfhka cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh incident
myiqlï wdrlaIl ix.%yh (International Ship & Port Facility
wdrlaIl ;;a;aj uÜgu - 03 jrdh mrsY%h$ fk!ldj fj;
Security Code -ISPS) y÷kajd§u isÿlrkq ,en we;' wdrlaIdj iïnkaOfhka oeä we;=,aùï$ msgùï iïmQ¾K yd ióm
;jo" fuu ixfYdaOkhka 2002 foieïn¾ ui § cd;Hka;r wjodkïiy.; wëlAIKhlg k;=lr w;HdjYH
iuqøSh ixúOdkh u.ska iïu; lr.kq ,eîfuka wk;=rej" 2004 lghq;= mj;ajdf.k hdu fyda
Security Level – 03
cQ,s ui 01 osk isg cd;Hka;rj n,d;aul lsÍugo lghq;= lrkq
Imminent risk of a security iïmQ¾Kfhka w;aysgqùu
,en we;' fuu cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl
incident
ix.%yh (International Ship & Port Facility Security Code - ISPS)
(wksjd¾hfhka wkq.ukh l, hq;= lreKq wka;¾.; jkakdjQ
fldgi (Mandatory Section – Part A) iy ks¾foaYhka wka;¾.;

26
úêu;aj mj;ajdf.k hdu$ ;yjqre lsrSu i`oyd my; ks,OdÍka
kï lsÍu'
^01&jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ks,Odß (Port Facility Security Officer
- PFSO)
^02&fk!ld wdrlaIl ks,Odß (Ship Security Officer - SSO) -
fk!ldjla f,i j¾.SlrKhg ,lajk ish¿u hd;%djka i`oyd
^03&iud.ï wdrlaIl ks,Odß (Company Security Officer - CSO)-
jrdh iy kdúl lghq;= ms<sn`o bgql, hq;= jkakdjQ fyda wjYH
jkakdjQ ish¿u fiajdjka yd wod, iud.ï i`oyd'
04'wdrlaIl lghq;= ms<sn`o oekqj;a Ndjh mj;ajdf.k hdu'
(Maintaining Security Awareness)
ft;sydisl o;a;hkag wkqju jrdh iy kdúl lafIa;%h úúOdldrjQ
kS;s úfrdaê l%shd$ wmrdO lghq;= fidrlï$ cdjdrï iy fld,a,lEï
jeks l%shdjkaf.ka .ykjQ jev mrsirhla u jk w;r" f,dalfha
nyq;rhla rgj," wvq fyda jeä jYfhka fukau" fmdÿ uyck;dj
w;f¾ ksrka;r l;sldjg n÷kajk m%isoaO ryia iajNdjhka mj;sk
fuu ;;a;ajfha ie,lsh hq;= fjkila we;s lsÍug" cd;Hka;r
fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ix.%yh (International Ship
& Port Facility Security Code - ISPS) meyeÈ,s odhl;ajhla ,nd§
we;'
wê wdrlaIl l<dm (High Security Zones) jYfhka mj;ajdf.k
,eìh hq;=jQ jrdh myiqlï ms<sn`oj - wdrlaIl ;lafiare lsÍï
(Port Facility Security Assessment) iy wdrlaIl ks,hska i`oyd
úêu;a$l%ñl mqyqKqjla ,nd§u fukau " wdrlaIl lghq;= ms<sn`oj
ld¾;=uh jYfhka ú.Kkh lsÍïo (Quarterly Security Audits)
fuu l%shdj,sh yd tlsfkl ne`oS mj;sk m%uqL wjYH;djhka fõ'
05'u.Ska 12 fofkl=g jeä iLHdjla .uka.kq ,nk fyda o<
nr fgdka 500 blaujQ ish¿u hd;%djka fk!ld (Ships) f,i
ye`oskaùug;a" tfuka u fuu ye`oskaùu o we;=,;aj o< nr fgdka
300 blaujQ ish¿u fk!ldjka i`oyd iajhxl%Sh y÷kd.ekSfï moaO;s
(Automatic Identification Systems – AIS) iy os.= ÿr y÷kd.ekSfï
iy yUdhdfï moaO;s (Long Range Identification and Tracking
Systems – LRIT) iúlr ;eìu;a wksjd¾h lrkq ,en we; '
cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï
wdrlaIl ix.%yh
27
fuu.ska fk!ldjl fN!;sl ia:dk.;ùu pkaøsld ;dlaIKh
Tiafia ;yjqre lr.ekSfï yelshdj ,en we;s w;r" m%ldYs;
wjYH;djhka imqrd,k fk!ldjka i`oyd cd;Hka;r fk!ld
wdrlaIl iy;slhla (International Ship Security Certificate
- ISSC) ksl=;a lsÍfï lghq;=o fuu.skau úêu;a lrkq ,en
we;'
06'jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ie,iqï (Port Facility Security Plan
- PFSP) iy fk!ld wdrlaIl ie,iqï (Ship Security Plan -
SSP) úêu;aj ilia lrkq ,en" wjYH;dkql+,j hdj;ald,Sk
lr .ekSu o yosis wjia;djl§ " .=jka úÿ,s m‚jqv yqjudre
l%ufõohka Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka" wk;=re we`.ùï ksl=;a
lrñka (Ship Security Alert System - SSAS) iyh b,a,Sfï
lghq;=o fuys§ wksjd¾h lrkq ,en we;'
07'fk!ldfõ wLKav idrdxY jd¾;dj (Continuous Synopsis
Record - CSR) hdj;ald,Sk lrñka" fk!ldfõ iïmQ¾K Ôj
ld,h ;=< mj;ajdf.k hEu fuu.ska úêu;a lrkq ,en we;'
fk!ldfõ .uka u.$ .uka l, jrdhhka jeks" wdrlaIl
wjYH;dkql+,j jeäÿr mÍlaIdjla isÿ l< yels o;a;hka
iuQyhla" myiqfjka mÍlaIdjg ,lalsÍfï wjia:dj ysñj we;'
cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ix.%yh
(International Ship & Port Facility Security Code - ISPS)
u.ska mkjkq ,en we;s kshuhka u.ska" ;%ia:jd§ hqo .egqï
mej;s wjika ld, jljdkqfõ § Y%S ,xldj bka fkduo iyhla
,o w;r" Y%S ,xldjg wh;a iuqø iSudfjka neyer cd;Hka;r
uqyqÿ iSudjka wdY%s;j /`oS isáñka" ;%ia:jd§ka yg wú wdhqO
iy mqmqrK øjH iemhSï isÿlrñka" ie,iqï iy.;j wmrdO
l%shdjkays ksr; ùug W;aidy l, mqoa.,hska iïnkaOfhka
cd;Hka;r kS;Skag wkq.;j l%shd lsÍugo fuu.ska wjia:dj
ysñlrkq ,en we;'
cd;Hka;r jrdh mßY%hka mj;ajdf.k hdfï§" kdúl"
fufyhqï iy fiajd iemhqï ld¾hlaIu;djh fukau fkdwvqj
jeo.;a jkakdjQ" iïu; wdrlaIl iqrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsrSug
cd;Hka;r fk!ld iy jrdh myiqlï wdrlaIl ix.%yh u.ska"
ffk;sl mokï.;j ,nd fokq ,en we;af;a buy;ajQ iyhls'
lms;ka y¾I ùriQrsh
tall m%OdkS - úfYaI úu¾Yk
ksfhdacH m%Odk wdrlaIl l<ukdlre ^jev n,k&
 uu Ys,am Yd,sldfjka ,enQ yeoEÍu;a
iu. m%dfoaYSh uÜgfuka rx. mdi,la

;
u ujf.a idß we|f.k wdrïN lsÍfï isyskh h:d¾;hla
w,audßfha levm; bÈßfha njg m;a lrkakg ux Èjd ? fkdn,d
r`.mE Tyq" fjila kdgHj, lemlsÍï l<d' ux tjlg cd;sl
i|ls÷rd fjñka ckdorhg md;% ;reK fiajd iNdfõ §f.dv fh!jk
úh' fõÈld kdgH l,dj Ydia;%d,Sh iudcfha Wm iNdm;s' fld<U Èia;%sla
miqìul u; msysgd yeoEÍug n,uKAv,fha WmiNdm;s" ksiaflda
,lalrk Tyq ;ud ,;a mkakrh cd;sl ;reK iuQmldr ix.ufha
fõÈldj fjkqfjka fmïneÈ u;= fld<U Èia;%sla wOHCI" wdÈ ;k;=re
mrïmrdj fjkqfjka fkdñ,fha /ila bis¨jd' cd;sl ;reKfiajd
fnodÿkafka lsisÿ .=re uqIaáhlska iNdj iu.ska uu uf.a fhdackdj
f;drjh' rx.kh" kdgH wOHCIKh" ms<sn| l;d l<d' Tjqka fndfydau
wx. rpkh" wdf,dalrKh fõÈld ixf;daI jqKd ta ms<sn|' foysj,
mßmd,kh we;=¿ kdgH l,dfõ n,uKav,fha kdgH mqyqKq mdGud,dj
ish¨ wkqidx.sl wxYhkaf.a olaI;d wdrïN jkafka ta f,iskqhs' irKxlr
olajñka iïudkhg md;% jQ Tyq jD;a;Sh mqyqKq uOHia:dkfha § hs
kñka l¨fndaú, ,d,a fm%aur;akh' th meje;ajQfha' Bg miafia uu ih
fï Tyqf.a ks¾udK Èúh ms<sn| l< udisl mQ¾K ld,Sk kdgH yd rx.
ix,dmhhs' l,d mdGud,djla wdrïN l<d'
th;a meje;ajQfha fkdñ,fha' wfmka
Tn fï rfÜ l,d fCIa;%hg ioygu iuq.;a uf.a iodor ñ;%hd
ks¾udKYS,S u;= mrïmrdjla ìysl< ch,d,a frdayK kdgHfõ§hdf.a iydh
wfhla' wms t;ekska mgka .ksuq' fï i|yd ug Wmßufhka ,enqKd'
uu kdgH yd rx. l,djg ;snQ oeä ta ld,fha fndfyda fofkla ;u
wdorh yd we,au ksidu ta i|yd fhduqjQ ÈhKsjreka fï jf.a mdGud,dj,g
wfhla' ug ys;=Kd biafi,a,du th
ksis wdldrfhka yeoErefjd;a fyd|hs
fõÈldj uf.a Ôú;hhs tjqfõ keye' kuq;a ux .ek ñksiqka
;=<" m%foaYjdiSka ;=< ;snqKq úYajdih
u; Tjqka ;ukaf.a ¥ -mq;=ka fuu
lshd' ,hk,a fjkaÜ Ys,am Yd,sldjg
we;=<;a fjkafka ta f,iskqhs'
l¿fndaú, ,d,a fm%aur;ak mdGud,djg tjqjd' m%ùK f,aLl

ta ojiaj, tys udisl .dia;=j remsh,a mkyhs' kuq;a th f.jd
.kakj;a oeä ÿIalr;d ;snqKd' ug u;l úÈhg ta 1982-83 ldf,a'
uu uf.a ;;ajh Ys,am Yd,sldfõ l<uKdldÍ;ajhg oekqï ÿkakd'
Tjqka ug iykhla ÿkakd' remsh,a mkyla fjkqjg remsh,a úiaila
f.jkakg Tjqka wjia:dj i,id ÿkakd'
WfoakS w,aúia" wð;a f,dl=f.a" rdc rKisxy jk wdÈ
iuld,Skhkag j;a uu fï ms<sn| lsõfõ keye' tod ux ys;d.;a;d
ñ, uqo,a fkdue;s rx. l,d fCIa;%hg msúfik whg uf.a
uÜgfuka Woõ Wmldr l< hq;=hs lshd' uu úkao ÿl ;j flfkl=g
ú¢kakg fkd§ tla wfhl= fyda fï fCIa;%fha /f.k hkakg
mq¨jkakï lshkd ys;=ú,a,;a tlal uu È.ska È.gu lghq;= l<d'
fcda;sIHfõ§ yshqnÜ msÍiaf.a ÈhKshla uf.a mdGud,djg wdjd' weh
;uhs ridoÍ msÍia'
Bg miafia 88-89 NsIK iufha § kdgH mdGud,djla wdrïN l<d'
th meje;ajQfõ j;a;, ye|, kdhl lkao Ydka; ußhd foõueÿf¾'
ydrishlg wêl whÿïm;% w;ßka mdGud,djg fhda.H 79 fofkla
n|jd .;a;d' tu isiqka fhdod.ksñka zzr`.y,aZ kñka kdgHhla
fõÈld.; l<d' fï kdgH iu.ska kdgH fCIa;%hg oCI;d imsß
úYd, msßila odhdo lrkak ug yelsjqKd' thg fh!jk iïudkhla
ysñjqKd' ug u;l úÈhg .sydka m%kdkaÿ" wfia, chfldä" wdkkao
fm%au,d,a m%shka; isßl=udr wd§ka wo ojfia kdgH fCIA;%fha fndfyda
29 msgqjg

28

bÈßhg f.dia isàu Tjqka fï fCIA;%hg odhdo l< .=re;=ud f,iska
ug fndfyda u wdvïnrhla'
Bg miqj ó.uqj" le,Ksh" wdÈ m%foaYj,;a jevuq¿ meje;ajQjd'
Tnf.a /lshdj;a iu. Tng fndfyda ks¾udK u`.yereKd @
Tõ" jrdfha /lshdj tlal kdgH r`.mEu i|yd úYd, ld,hla
lemlsÍu ug lsisfia;au f,fyis myiq lghq;a;la WfKa keye' ta
ksid ug fCIa;%fha m%ùkhka /ilf.a kdgH r`.mEï u.yereKd' ta;a
uu rx.kfhka iy kdgH yd rx. l,djg ;snqKq wdidj w;ayeßfha
keye' uu kdgH ksIamdokhg fhduq jkafka tys m%;sM,hla f,isks'
Tn /|úhkag;a kdgH l,dj b.ekajQ neõ wdrxÑhs
Tõ" tjlg nkaOkd.dr wud;HdxYfha f,alï;=udf.a b,a,Sulg
wkqjhs uu ta lghq;a;g fhduq jqfKa' zzisrlrefjd;a ukqIHfhda
hZ lshk ldrKdfjka Tíng f.diska Tjqkaf.a yelshdj m%j¾Okh
lsÍug Tjqkag i;=gla ,nd§ug ug wjYH jqKd' ta wkqj" je,slv
nkaOkd.drfha kS;HdkQl+,j kdgH jevigykla meje;ajQjd' ta
;=<ska /|úhkaf.a yeisÍï rgd fndfyda fjkilg md;% jQ nj
ug oek.kakg .enqKd muKla fkdfjhs udf.a fufyjr ms<sn|
fndfyda we.ehsug;a md;% jQjd'
Tfí m%:u fõÈld kdgH ks¾udKh ms<sn|j;a l;d lruq'
uf.a uq,au flá kdgH zzf,a iy fid,aodÿfjdaZtys ks¨ld
f¾pdks" ridoÍ msÍia rx.kfhka odhl jqKd' fh!jk iïudk 6la
tu kdgH ks¾udKhg ysñjqKd' fyd|u wOHCIKhg ug iïudk
ysñjqKd' Bg miafia 1985 j¾Ifha § zziqN wiqNZ ks¾udKh l<d' th;a
iïudkhg md;% jQjd' 1985 j¾Ifha§ u zzmqr hCIhdZZ l<d' uf.a È.==
kdgH w;r mSã; mx;sfha ñksiqka .ek lshfjk zzw.dOfhka wd
ñksidZZ 1984" fldam%,a i¾ 1999- fl<sljg" 1994 kdv.ïrd<" 2001
fmd,sia wdÈ ks¾udK ms<sn| ug ;Dma;su;a fjkak mq¿jka'
úÈ kdgH l,djg;a Tfí odhl;ajh ysñfjkjd
ú§ kdgH lshkafka fndfydau ir,j" tiekska lsishï mKsjvhla
.%dyl .; l< yels fndfyda iÔú l,d udOHhla yeáhghs uu
olskafka' uu ksIamdokh l< zzfldhs u. wms huq o mqf;aZZ ú§ kdgH
ud,dj tlfia ckm%sh jQjd ug u;lhs'
jrdh wêldlßfha l,d flakaøh Tfí l,d yelshdjg lÈu
f;da;ekakla jQjd @
tjlg jrhd wêldßfha iNdm;s;=ud f,iska lghq;= lf<a
úu,a wurfialr ue;s;=ud" l,d flakaøfha iNdm;sOQrh orefõ
;a t;=udhs' c,§mks kñka ix.S; lKAvdhula o l,d flakaøfha
l%shd;aul jqKd' l,d flakaøfha wms lKavdhu tl;=ù zzfoaYiSudZ
kñka kdgHh;a ksIAmdokh l<d' tys rx.df,dal Ys,amshd f,iska
iNdm;s;=udf.ka iïudkhg md;%jkakg;a ug yelshdj ,enqKd' ta
jf.au iqks,a wurjxY uy;df.a m%Odk;ajfhka l,d flakaøfhka
.S; kdglhla ksIAmdokh l<d' zzNs;sld i¿ZZ kñka' tys uu
rx.kfhka o odhl jqKd'
jrdfhka úY%u hEfuka miq mQ¾K ld,Skj fõÈld kdgH l,dj
fjkqfjka lemùu iQodkï jk nj;a wdrxÑhs
uf.a Ôú;fha § uu /lshdjg" uf.a rdcldßhg m%uqL;djh
ÿkakd' ta ksid l,dj ;=< Wmßufhka ks¾udK odhl;ajh ,nd
fokak ug yelsjqfKa keye' kuq;a ud ,enQ w;aoelSï mokï lr
.ksñka kQ;k fõÈldjg .e,fmk kQ;k nqoaêu;a fm%alaIld.drhg
.e,fmk wdldrfha kdgH ks¾udK lsÍug wÈgkla ;sfnkjd' ta
jdf.au uf.a zzfmd,sia uelaldZZ kdgH kej; ksIamdokhla lrk
f,ig fndfyda werhqï ,eî ;sfnkjd' ta jf.au wêkS;s| .dñKs
fikr;a uy;df.a iïudk fjäuqr kdgHhg;a wdrdOkd ,eî
;sfnkjd' tjeks lghq;= iu. uf.a úY%du Èúh .; lrkakg ux
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'
29
14 msgqfjka
fuu pl%f,aLh ksl=;a fjk ;=re l%shd;aul lsÍfï jevms<sfj,
ks¾udKh lrkakg mq¿jka jqK;a th l%shdjg kxjkak wjia:djla
,efnkafk kE' tu pl%f,aLh ksl=;a jQ ú.i" th u; mokï j
fiajl n|jd .ekSfï mámdáh ixfYdaOkh lr,d ta u.ska jir
.Kkdjla ;siafia fkdúi÷Kq fiajlhska" úúO jD;a;Sh ix.ï
ueisú,s k.k .eg¿ ksrdlrKhg u. ie,ish yelshs'
ta ;=<ska wmsg fiajl uy;au uy;aóka" úúO jD;a;Sh ix.ï
úiska fmkajd ÿka wvqmdvq jf.a u" wms úiska y÷kd.;a wvqmdvq
i|yd l%uj;ajQ;a" m%Yia: jQ;a l%ufõo Tiafia ms<shï iemhSug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'
tajf.au wms kj udkj iïm;a m%;sm;a;shla yokjd' ta m%;sm;a;sh
u; mokïj udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKh lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;=
fjkjd' udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKfha uqLH mrud¾:h msKsi
lghq;= lsÍu" tfyu ke;akï wdh;ksl lghq;= m%Yia:j mj;ajd
.kak" ;Dma; udkj n,hla cks; lrkafk fldfyduo lsh,d wms
l,amkd lrkak ´k' talg §¾>ld,Sk yd fláld,Sk ie,eiaula
;sìh hq;=hs' wmsg ;sfhkafka ta ie,eiau yok wNsfhda.hhs' th
ug ;ksfhka lrkak mq¿jka fohla fkfjhs' ish¨ md¾Yjhka
tl;= ù fï ie,eiau iEÈh hq;=hs' túg ;uhs fmdÿ m%;sm;a;shla
wmg yokak mq¿jka fjkafk' fï wNsfhda.h ch .;a; ojil
jrdfha hym;a udkj iïm;a l<ukdlrKhla we;sùu wms ldg;a
j<lajkak neßfõú' ta wNsfhda.h ch.kak tu l%shdj,sh l%shdjg
kexùu iduQysl j.lSula' tal ;sfhkafk wms yefudaf.u lr u;'
uu oeäj úYajdi lrk fohla ;uhs wdh;khla mj;skakg kï
tu wdh;kh l%uj;a ms<s.;a m%;sm;a;shla iy l%ufõohla ia:dmkh
l< hq;=hs' wms tfyu fohla ks¾udKh lf<d;a ´kEu wfhl=g
;Skaÿ ;SrK .ekSug isÿjkafka tu l%ufõohka u; ys|f.khs'
ta i|yd kdhl;ajh ,nd §uhs wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok&
f,iska uf.a j.lSu lshd uu uekúka y÷kdf.k ;sfnkjd'
fï mqgqfõ isák ;=re uu ta i|yd ksis kdhl;ajh ,nd §ug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd' úúO n,mEï" úúO .eg¿ we;s fjkak
mq¿jka' uu fï wOHCI wiqfka fld;rï ojila isáhso" lghq;=
lrhso lshk ldrKdj ug jeo.;a keye' ug jeo.;a jkafka uu
fï wiqfka isák ;dla ksjerÈjQ;a" i;HjQ;a foa lsÍug yels Wmßu
m%;sY;hlska W;aiy lsÍu muKhs' iuyr úg ta ;=<ska hful=f.a
ys; ßfokakg mq¿jka' we;ful=g .eg¿ we;sfjkak mq¿jka' kuq;a
ta ms<sn|j ys;Su uf.a j.lSu fkfjhs' Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
fjkqfjka ksjerÈ l%ufõohka yd jevms<sfj< ilia lsÍug yDo
idCIshg tlÕj lghq;= lsÍug uu yels iEu wjia:djl§ Wmßu
W;aiyhla .kakjd' fujeks ixlS¾K jgmsgdjl tfyu lrkak
neßfjk wjia:d;a ;sfhkak mq¿jka' tal ;uhs h:d¾:h'
jrdh b;sydih ;=< ìys jQ fyd|u jegqma jHqyh ks¾udKh
lsÍug hï j.lSula wrf.k" ta i|yd ish¨ md¾Yj talrdYS
lrf.k fï lghq;a; iïnkaëlrKh lsÍug ,eîu ms<sn| ug
fm!oa.,slju i;=gq fjkak mq¿jka' uu úYajdi lrkjd 2022
lshkafka wmg wNsfhda. ;sfhk jirla' uu fï i|yka lrmq
m%;sm;a;s ls%hd;aul lr .kak" .re iNdm;s;=ud" Wm iNdm;s;=ud"
l<uKdldr wOHCI;=ud m%uqL by< l<uKdldÍ;ajfha wdYs¾jdoh
yd u. fmkaùu;a ta i|yd kdhl;ajh fok .re wud;H;=ud iy
wud;HxYfha f,alï;=ud we;=¿ wud;HxYfhka iyfhda.h;a wmsg
,eîu ;=<ska wms fï n,fmdfrd;a;= fjk iaj¾Kuh ld,h udkj
iïm; fjkqfjka Wod lr.kakg ,efnhs lsh,d uu ;rfha úYajdi
lrkjd'
07 msgqfjka
iuqÿre fiajdfõ'''
;=kla olajd j¾Okh ú h' tu.ska isÿ jQfha fld<U jrdh furg
uyd NdKavd.drhg jd¾Islj tlalrk wdodhu ì,shk .Kkska
by< hdu h' wkd.;h fjkqfjka j¾;udkfha fï W;amdokh
;jÿrg;a j¾Oh l< hq;=j we;' úfoaY ny¨ fk!ldj, wjYH;djh
fln÷ oehs y÷kd .ekSu fuys§ w;HjYH fjhs' fï jk úg o Y%S
,xldfõ m%Odk wd¾:sl u¾uia:dkj, m%uqLhd f,i Y%S ,xld jrdh
wêldßh mx.=ldrhl= ù wjidk h' f,dj ny¨ fufyhk jrdh
w;r fld<U jrdh j¾;udkfha 23 jk ia:dk ysñlrf.k ;sfí'
f,dj ÈhqKq rgj, úYd, jrdh w;r m<uq jrdh 30 w;rg tlaùu
mqÿu iy.; h' ta i|yd we;af;a ;r.hls' ÈhqKq fjñka mj;sk
l=vd rgla f,i wka;¾cd;slj ms<sf.k we;s Y%S ,xldj tfia
úisyhjk ia:dkh ysñlr .ekSu rch ,o ch.%yKhls' f,dalfha
;dlaIKsl ÈhqKqj iy wjYH;dj, jeäÈhqKqj iu. j¾;udkfha
ny¨ wx.K fj; meñfKk fk!ld w;s úYd, h' tjeks fk!ld
keje;aùfï;a" yeisrùfï;a yelshdj iys; úYd,;ajfhka iy
kùk wxf.damdx.hkaf.ka iukaú; ny¨ wx.K jrdh wêldßh
i;= úh hq;= h' uyskao rdcmlaI rch udkqIsl fufyhqu wjika
lsÍfuka miq fï ms<sn| wjOdkh fhduq lrñka kùk ;dlaIKh
tla;eka lrñka kef.kysr m¾hka;h ks¾udKh lf<a wkd.;h
ms<sn| ukd wjfndaOhlsks' kef.kysr m¾hka;h Y%S ,xld jrdh
wêldßfha lghq;= ;jÿrg;a cd;Hka;r uÜgu fj; Tijd ;eîug
yels f;da;ekls' tfuka u bÈßfha § tlajk ngysr m¾hka;ho
jrdh lghq;= i|yd ld¾hlaIu jev ìula jkq we;' ny¨ fufyhqï
by< kexùfï wruqK we;sj jrdh wêldßh kj ny¨ fufyhqï
uOHia:dkhla ia:dms; lsÍu fï jk úg;a wdrïN lr wjidk
h' kùk ;dlaIKh iys; fhdað; uOHia:dkh ,n, jif¾ uq,a
ld¾;=fõ§ bÈlr ksu lsÍug kshñ; h' l,dmSh flakao%sh jrdhla
f,i fld<U jrdh" f.da,Sh iy furg wd¾:slfha iemhqï odufha
ixj¾Okh läkï lsÍu uQ,sl lr .ksñka fuh bÈ flf¾'
j¾;udkfha isÿ flfrk jrdh l%shdoduh ;=< f,dj ;r.ldÍ;ajhg
uqyqK§u i|yd úúO udkhka Tiafia l%shd;aul úh hq;=j ;sfnk
kuq;a f.da,Sh wjYH;djh fukau Y%S ,xldfõ wkkH;djh
wdrlaIdlr .ekSfï j.lSu Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh i;= h' w;S;
fy< Y%S úN+;sh kej; ia:dms; lsÍfï j.lSu ta w;r fjhs' w;S;fha§
úúO whqßka ÈhqKqjg m;aj ;sî hg;a úð; iufha úkdYhg m;a
jQ rg jgd we;s wfkl=;a jrdh ixj¾Okh óg iu.dój läkï
l< hq;= h' wka;¾cd;slj ,nd .kakd ch.%yK fukau furg ú/
lshdfjka fmf<k ;reK ;reKshka fjkqfjka /lshd W;amdok
ia:dkhla f,i Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh ;jÿrg;a il%Sh odhl;ajhla
iemhSug yels jk f,i jeä ÈhqKql< hq;= h'
09 msgqfjka
ld¾hCIu fiajdjla'''
n,mEï we;s lrhs'
tneúka jrdfha iuia; l%shdj,sh by<g Tijd ;eîug kï"
tu fldÜGdi ;=fkau há;, myiqlï" fiajl mqyqKqj" fiajl
wNsfma%rKh yd mdßfNda.sl fiajdj by< uÜgul mj;ajd .; hq;=h'
fufyhqï fldÜGdYh yd fiajd iemhqï fldÜGdYh fufyhqï lrk
Odß;djh ixikaokh lsÍfï § fufyhqï fldÜGdihg idfmalaIj
b;d l=vd m%udKhla fufyhqï l< o" tla ny¿ fufyhqulska
,efnk wdodhu fufyhqï ny¨jlska ,efnk wdodhug jvd b;d
30
by< wdodhula ,nd.kS'
tneúka 30"000 l muK ny¨ï m%udKhla j¾Ihlg fufyhqï lr"
ì,shk 3 lg wdikak wdodhula fiajd iemhqï fldÜGdih u.ska
,ndfok w;r" jrdh uq¿ wdodhfuka 6] lg;a jvd by, wdodhula
,nd.kS' jrdh l<uKdldÍ;ajh by; lreKq ie,ls,a,g f.k
oekg mj;sk há;, myiqlï fláld,Sk yd È.= ld,Sk jHdmD;s
jYfhka y÷kdf.k l%shd;aul lsÍug ie,iqï ilia lrñka mj;S'
Tn fldÜGdYfha fiajdjka iïnkaOfhka fiajd odhlhkaf.ka
meñKs,s ,eî ;sfnkjdo@
Tõ' we;eï wjia:dj,§ NdKavj,g ydks ùï yd wia:dk.;ùï yd
iïnkaOj meñKs,s jd¾;dfjkjd' kuq;a th b;d wvq m%;sY;hla"
j¾Ihlg wdkhksl w¾O ny¿ NdKav f;d. 150"000 la muK
jrdfhka ksoyiajk w;r thska 0'3] lg jvd wvq m%udKhla fufia
ixLHdf,aLk j,g wkqj meñKs,s jd¾;dù ;sfnkjd' tu jd¾;djk
meñKs,s mÍlaIdlsÍfï§ NdKav f.dvndk wjia:dfõ§u NdKav
m¿ÿùï jeä m%;sY;hla we;s nj y÷kdf.k ;sfnkjd'
flfia kuq;a meñKs,s wjulr fiajdj ,nd§u fyj;a Zero
Complain ixl,amh hgf;a fiajdj mj;ajdf.k hdu wmf.a
wruqKhs' ta wkqj fiajl mqyqKqj hdj;ald,sk lsÍu .=oï ;=<
fufyhqï isÿlrk Forklift yd wfkl=;a ny¿ fufyhqï WmlrK
l%shdlrejkaf.a fyd| fiajdjla ,nd.ekSuo CCTV leurd moao;s
wd§ l%ufõo fhdod.ksñka ukd ksÍlaIKhlska .=oï ;=< lghq;=
lsÍfuka fiajd odhlhskaf.a meñKs,s wju lr .ekSug lghq;=
lrñka mj;skjd'
fiajdodhlhka ioyd b;d fyd| fiajdjla ,nd§u ioyd Tn
fldÜGdYh fiajl fiaúldjkaf.a odhl;ajh fldfyduo@
wmf.a fiajd iemhqï fldgGdYfha m%Odk;u wúh jkafka b;d
lemùfuka fiajh lrkq ,nk ks,OdÍka yd fiajl uKav,hhs'
m%Odk l<uKdldr;=ñh" ksfhdacH m%Odk l<uKdlre yd wfkl=;a
ish¿u úOdhl ks<OdÍka fiajl uy;au uy;aóka uy;a mßY%uhla
fhdod fiajd fiajd odhlhkag Wmßu fiajdjla ,nd§u ioyd lemù
lghq;= lrkq ,nhs'
iuyr wjia:djkayS§ b;d wju myiqlï hgf;a jqjo b;du
.=Kd;aul fiajdjla mdßfNda.slhskag ,nd§ug Tjqkaf.a m,mqreoao
yd lemùu u; l%shdlrkq ,nhs'
fyg ojfia fiajd iemhqï fldÜGdYfha wNs,dYhka ms<sn| l;d
lf<d;a'
fyg ojfia fiajd iemhqï fldÜGdYh kùk há;, myiqlïj,ska
iys;j fiajdodhlhskag läkï yd iqyoYS,S fiajdjla ,ndÈh
yels jgmsgdjla f.dvke.Sugo" kj ;dlaIKh uqiqj idïm%odhsl
l%shdmámdáfhka neyerj l%shdj,shka hdj;ald,Sk lsÍug
fldÜGdYfha iy fuu lafIa;%fha M,odhs;djh by, kexùu Wfoid
lghq;= lsÍug wfmalaId lrkjd'
;jo Port Community System ^PCS&" National Single Window
^NSW& jeks fjf<o yd fiajd myiqlrKh ^Trade Facilitation&
i|yd jQ rdcH jHdmD;s i|yd odhl;ajh oelaùu ;jÿrg;a
n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjkjd'
;jo f,dalfha fyd|u fiajd iemhqï ld¾hidok o¾Ylh ysñ rgj,a
w;ßka uq,a rgj,a 50 ;=,g Y%S ,xldj /f.k tau i|yd jrdhg
iïnkaO fiajd iemhqï lafIaf;%hka Wmßu odhl;ajh ,nd§ug
ie,iqï lrñka mj;skjd'
fld
<U jrdhg fiakaÿ jQ Seaspan Lahore fk!ldfõ jQ
ny¨jl ridhksl ldkaÿùula h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a
lsÍug miq.shod Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßhg yelsúh'
bkaÈhdfõ uqkaød jrdfha isg fld<U jrdhg meñfKñka ;snQ fuu
Seaspan Lahore fk!ldfõ ;snQ ny¨jl lsf,da.%Eï 40 ne.ska jQ khsá%la
wï, wvx.= n÷ka 650 l m%udKhla wvx.= úh' tys khsá%la wï, wvx.=
jQ ner, lsysmhl khsá%la wï, ldkaÿùula uqkaød jrdfhka msgù meh
6lg miq tu fk!ldfõ lms;dkajrhd ksÍCIKh lr ;snQ w;r" ta
wkqj keõ ksfhdað; Hapag Lloyd wdh;kh ta ms<sn|j fld<U jrdfha
ydn¾ udiag¾jrhd yd SAGT m¾hka;h oekqj;a lsÍfuka wk;=rej"
fld<U jrdfha ydn¾ udiag¾jrhd úiska iNdm;s;=ud oeKqïj;a lr"
t;=udf.a Wmfoia yd u.fmkaùu hgf;a ksjerÈ wOHhkhlska miqj
SAGT m¾hka;fha iydh we;sj tu ny¨ fufyhqu isÿ lr wod,
wk;=rg m;a ny¨fõ wvx.=jQ m¿ÿ jQ ner, fjka fjka fldg" fyd|
;;a;ajfha we;s ner, ksis wdrCIK l%ufõohka wkq.ukh lrñka
kj ny¨jlg kej; ilia lsÍu (Re-work) isÿ flßKs'
flakaøSh jrdhla f,i fld<U jrdh fujeks lghq;= i|yd m%Yia;
odhl;ajh ,nd foñka Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha .sksksjk yuqodfõ
iy wka;rdhlr keõnvq fufyhqï lghq;= isÿlrkq ,nk Hamka
Shipping wdh;kfha odhl;ajfhka ridhksl ldkaÿùulg ,la jQ
ny¨fõ wka;¾.; jQ khsá%la wï, wvx.= n÷ka m%;skeõ.; lsÍug
lghq;= i,ik ,§'
;j;a uyd úkdYhla je,l+ Seaspan
kefõ wï, ldkaÿj
31
fuys§ woyia oela jQ Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha iNdm;s lms;dka
ksyd,a lemafmáfmd, uy;d" foaYSh keõ ksfhdað; Hapag Lloyd
wdh;kh fk!ldfõ ienE ;;a;ajh ms<sn|j ksis oekqj;a lsÍu
fya;=fjka Seaspan Lahore fk!ldfõ ny¨fõ isÿjQ ridhksl
ldkaÿùu id¾:l f,i uevmeje;aùug yelsùu ms<sn| Y%S ,xld
jrdh wêldßh fjkqfjka ;ud i;=gg m;ajk neõ mejiS h'
fujeks ksis mQ¾j oekqj;a lsÍï isÿ lf<a kï fuhg fmr weisâ
ldkaÿj ksid ydkshg m;ajQ fk!ldfõ we;s jQ .skak o uevmeje;aùug
yelsj ;snQ neõ ;ud úYajdi lrk nj;a mejiS h' ny¨fõ m;=<
;=<ska weisâ ldkaÿùu ksÍCIKh fkdù ;j;a tla Èkla fufia
;snqfKa kï" wksjd¾hfhka u wi, ;ekam;a lr ;snQ ny¨ j, ;snQ
NdKav .sks .ekSfï oeä wjodkula meje;s nj o mejiS h' ;j o
ydn¾ udiag¾jrhd f,iska jrdfha fiajfha fhfokq úg § fujeks
fufyhqï lghq;= isÿlr we;s m<mqreoao ;=<ska wo ojfia fuu
ridhksl ldkaÿùu myiqfjka h:d ;;a;ajhg m;a lsÍug yels jQ
nj;a" fyf;u jeäÿrg;a woyia olajñka mejiS h' fuu l¾;jHhg
uqyqK §ug jrdh yd kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok
uy;d ,nd ÿka ffO¾hh w.h fldg i,lk nj;a" tfia u fujeks
´kEu wk;=rl § ksis l%ufõohka wkqj oekqj;a lsÍï isÿ l< úg §
jrdh wêldßfha oCI ks<OdÍkaf.a ld¾hCIu;dj yd lemùu ;=<ska
wk;=re j<lajd .ekSug yelshdj we;s nj Tyq m%ldY lf<a h'
kdúl fCIa;%fha
kj m%jk;d
igyk -ldjH bkaøð;a
fÊ
ïia fjdÜ ^1736 -1819& úiska jdIam tkaðu fidhd
.ekSu ksid^1763-1775& tf;la meje;s idïm%odhsl
f,dalh ld¾ñl jYfhka bÈß msïula iksgqyka lf<a
h' fuu ;dCIKh fhdod .ksñka zzhka;%ZZ ks¾udKh ùu yd ta
i|yd zz.,a wÕ=reZZ n,Yla;shla f,i fhdod .ekSu tf;la meje;s
idïm%odhsl n,Yla;s Ndú;hka fjkqjg ld¾HCIu yd ,dNodhS
úh' úfYaIfhkau 1804 zzzÿïßhZZ wekaðu fidhd .ekSu;a" 1802 §
m%:u zzjdIam n,fndaÜgqjZZ^Stem Boat& fidhd .ekSu;a fuu hq.fha
m%jdyk moaO;sfha fjkialï i|yd n,mEfõ h'
idïm%odhsl fj<|dfuka ñ§ fldams" fldfldajd" rn¾" f;a" fmd,a
jeks jeú,s wd¾Ólhlg Y%S ,xldfõ lDIsl¾udka;h mßj¾;kh
ùfï § tu fnda. wmkhkh i|yd úfoaY fj<|fmd,j,a iu.
jeú,s lrejka iïnkaO jk úg m%jdyk udOHla f,i rg;=< ÿïßh
moaO;shla o" rgjgd jrdh moaO;shla o kj ;dlaIKsl yd bÈlsÍï
l%ufõo wkqj f.dv k.kakg hg;a úð; md,lhskag isÿúh'
jdIam wekaðu iys; fk!ldjka iuqøSh m%jdykh i|yd fhdod
.ekSug;a tajd ksIamdokh lsÍug;a fk!ld ksIamdolhska fm<öu
ksid tf;la meje;s idïm%odhsl f;dgqm,$jrdh$ydn¾$;;ajhka
zzfmda¾ÜZZ ;;ajh hgf;a fk!ldjkag ish fufyhqï i|yd iqrCIs;
yd ;dCIKslj isÿlsÍug wjYH f,i bÈlsÍug isÿúh' fmda¾Ü hkak
zzf.dvìfuka iuqøhg;a iuqÿfrka f.dvìug;a NdKAv yqjudre jk
uOHia:dkhZZ f,i w¾: .ekaúh'
kdúl fCIa;%fha we;s jQ iqúfYaIS fjkia lï f,i wo olajdu
oelsh yels ;;ajhlao jkafka fk!ld mrïmrdjka Èfkka Èk
mq¿,aùu - úYd, fk!ld ksIamdokh ^lager Ship - Generation&
ny¨ï lrKhùu^Containerisation& ksjerÈ kdúl ;dCIKsl
Wml%u ÈhqKqùu^More accurate navigation& ikaksfõok ;dlaIKfha
ÈhqKqj^Communication&o ie,lsh yels h'
tfukau" jrdhla ks¾udKhùfuys ,d N+f.da,Sh msysàu" ^Geography&
fjk;a f.dvìï yd iïnkaO ùfï myiqj ^connectivity&" wd¾Ól
jákdlu^economy& iy iudÔh wjYH;d^Sociology& iys;
m%foaYhl msysgd ;sîu jeo.;a fõ' th wdl¾YKhls'
kQ;k jrdh ixj¾Okfhys,d n,mE m%Odk idOlh jkafka keõ
ksIamdokfha isÿjqKq oejeka; ;dlaIKsl fmr<shhs' tfuka u
hg;a úð;lrKh ksid .ukd.ukh yd NdKav yqjudrej jdKsc
32
jHdmdrhla f,i j¾Okh ùu;a m%jdyk udOHhla f,i iuqøh
fhdod .ekSu;a fï i|yd fya;= ldrKd úh'
idïm%odhsl fk!ld fjkqjg hdka;%sl fk!ld ìysùu tajd
úYd,;ajfhka jeäùu" megúh yels keõNdKav Odß;dj úYd,ùu"
fõ.h jeäùu ^Speed&jeks lreKq idïm%odhsl jrdhhka iu.
l¾udka;hla f,i fj<| kdúl fiajd mj;ajdf.k hdug ndOdjla
úh'
úfYaIfhkau kj ksIamdok fk!ldjka ksid 19 ishjfia uq,a Nd.h
jk úg jrdhhka mq¿,a lsÍu yd kj hka;% iQ;% ks¾udKh lr
.ekSu fk!ld fufhùug w;HjYH úh'
18 jk yd 19 jk ishjiaj, hqfrdamh m%uqL weußldj jeks l,dmj,
isÿjqKq mq¿,a iy fõ.j;a jdKsc yd l¾udka; ÈhqKqj o kd.ÍlrKh
o fya;=fjka jrdhhkayS fk!ld fufyhqï yd keõNdKav fufyhqï
j¾Okh úh' fï fya;=fjka" jrdh ;=< ld¾hCIuj fõ.j;aj
fk!ld yerúh yels f,i jrdhhkayS .eUqr ^deep& ;Gdlh ^Basin&
kex.=rï fmd< ^Berthing& m¾hka; ^Terminal& ;Gdl neï,
^Quay& o keõNdKAv fufyhúh yels yd .nvd l< yels .=oï
^Ware house& .nvd^shades& myiqlï o bkaok fufyhúh yels yd
u.S mh¾ka; myiqlï o iys;j jrdhka bÈlsÍug ie<iqï flßKs'
fuys iudrïNh isÿjkafka 19 jk ishjfia uq,aNd.fha § London,
Liverpool, Hull yd Antwerp jeks tx.,ka;fha jrdhhka uQ,sl
fldgf.kh'
1866 § Humburg jrdfha isÿjk ixj¾Okh 1907 olajd isÿlrhs'
Rotterdam jrdh o 1872 § jrdh c, msúiqu mq¿,a lsÍu ksu lf<a
h' tfukau" jrdh ;Gdlh mq¿,a lsÍu 1910 § wjika lf<a h' fïjd
úYd, wdfhdack úh'
fmr oelajQ mßÈ ,xldfõo jdKsc jeú,s wd¾Ólh mq¿,aùu fya;=fjka"
úfYaIfhka u fld<U jrdh mq¿,a lsÍfï wjYH;djka ì%;dkH
wdKAvqjg wjYH úh' úfYaIfhkau fld<U jrdh bkaÈhdkq id.rh
;=< msysgd we;s Wmdhud¾.sl jeo.;alu ta i|yd n,mdkakg we;'
ta ksidu 1815 § m%:u jrg Y%S,xldfõ jrdhhka i|yd jrdhm;s
fyj;a zzydn¾udiag¾ZZjrfhl= m;a flßKs'
1875 jif¾ § tjlg tx.,ka;fha rcq jq II jk tâjâ rcq úiska
fld<U jrdfha ksß; È. Èhlvkh i|yd uq,a., ;eîh' th 1912
§ wjika úh'
 2005 j¾Ifhka miqj 2014 olajd Y%S ,xldfõ
fj<| kdúl fCIa;%fha iaj¾Kuh hq.h f,i
ye¢kaúh yelsh' ta fld<U jrdh mq¿,a lsÍu
yïnkaf;dg jrdh T¨ú,a jrdh jeks m%Odk
jHdmD;s we;s lsÍu o hqoaOfhka wn,ka jQ
m%§md.dr w¿;ajeähd fldg jrdh fCIa;%hg
kj .eïula ,nd ÿka ksidfjks'
ì%;dkH wêrdcH úiska fld<U jrdh zzjHqy.; lsÍugZZ lghq;=
lsÍu Y%S ,xldfõ fj<| kdúl b;sydifha jeo.;a ixêia:dkhls'
tu ;SrKh jdKsc jdrdhla f,i yd bka§h id.rfha kdúl
flakaøhla f,i wo ;sfnk ;;ajhg m;aùug jegqKq b;d fyd|
ia:djr mokuls' 1882 § msysgqjk jrdh uKav,h fyj;a Habour
Board tf,i msysgqjkq ,enQ wdh;khhs' Tjqkaf.a j.lSu jQfha
jrdh lghq;= ixúOdkh" ixj¾Okh yd mßmd,kh lsÍuhs'
fld<U jrdfha fufyhqï mq¿,a ùu;a iu. ta ms<s|j wjOdkh
fhduq lrk ì%;dkH wdKavqj rcfha fomd¾;fïka;=jla f,i 1913
§ jrdh fldñIka iNdj msysgqjhs'
1913 msysgqjk fuu fldñIka iNdj jrdh mßmd,kh iïnkaOfhka
j.lshk wdh;kh jk w;r" jrdhhkaySs kv;a;= lghq;= ixj¾Okh"
keõ NdKav fufyhqï WmlrK iïmdokh" kv;a;=j" m%§md.dr
fiajd" kdúl fiajd yd ;Gdldx.k myiqlï ie<iSu" fiajl yd
lïlrejka ms<sn| lghq;= lsÍu Tjqkaf.a m%Odk j.lSu tu ish
wjYH;d i|yd m%d.aOkh imhkq ,enqfõ rch úisks'
;%sl=Kdu,h jrdh yd .d,a, jrdh o" lkalika;=rh yd fmaÿre;=vqj
foaYSh jrdhhkao fuu ld,iSudfõ § ixj¾Okh úh' ;%sl=Kdu,h
hqOuh jYfhka jeo.;a jrdhla f,io" bkaok fufyhqï yd
l¾udka; wdY%s; jrdhla f,i o ie,iqï jqKs' .d,a, ixpdrl yd
l¾udka; wdY%s; jrdhla f,io ixj¾Okh úh' 1948 § Y%S ,xldj
ì%;dkHfhka ksoyi ,nk úg mqoa.,sl jdmamq iud.ï^wharfage&
úiska jrdhkayS ^iafgjfvdaßka.a -Stevedoring jev& keõnvq nEu
yd megùu" ^Shore handling& n,lre jev ^wdrCIdj iemhSu$NdKav
33
.Kka ;eîu& isÿ lrk ,§'
1875$1978 fiau 2005 j¾Ifhka miqj 2014 olajd Y%S ,xldfõ fj<|
kdúl fCIa;%fha iaj¾Kuh hq.h f,i ye¢kaúh yelsh' ta fld<U
jrdh mq¿,a lsÍu^CPEP& yïnkaf;dg jrdh T¨ú,a jrdh jeks m%Odk
jHdmD;s we;s lsÍu o hqoaOfhka wn,ka jQ m%§md.dr w¿;ajeähd
fldg jrdh fCIa;%hg kj .eïula ,nd ÿka ksidfjks' .d,a, jrdh
ixpdrl jrdhla f,i;a ;%sl=Kdu,h ixpdrl yd ld¾ñl jrdhla
f,i;a ixj¾Okhg YLH;d wOHkhla isÿ lrk ,§'
tfukau" há;, myiqlï ixj¾Okh hgf;a ud¾. moaO;sh" kj
.=oï bÈlsÍu kj hka;% iQ;% ñ,§ .ekSu^m¾hka; woaor fodUlr
jeks& m¾hka; kv;a;=j" m¾hka; iy .=oï l<uKdlrK moaO;s"
uQ,H l<uKdlrK moaO;s" udkj iïm;a l<uKdlrK moaO;s
jeks moaO;s ia:dms; lrk ,§'
j¾;udkh jk úg JCT wÈhr V fukau ECT m¾hka;h i|yd o
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh wdfhdackh lrñka isáhs'
wo jk úg fld<U jrdh mqoa.,sl yd rdcH hk wxY folu tlaj
fk!ld fufyhqï lghq;= isÿ lrhs' oekg f,dalfha bÈjk ´kEu
fk!ldjla fld<U jrdhg we;=,a l< yelsh' tys CICT iy SAGT
mqoa.,sl m¾hka; 02 lao JCT" QCT hk Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
i;= m¾hka;h o" u.S m¾hka;h o tlaj fufyhqï lghq;= isÿlrhs'
m%Odk cd,fha fk!ld ^Maine Line& fukau fmdaIl fk!ld o
^Feeder Line& bkaok" hqO" u.S hk ´kEu fk!ldjla fufyhùfï
yelshdj fld<U jrdh i;=h'
1973 j¾Ifha § m%:u ny¨j fufyhjk fld<U jrdh 1995 jk
úg ny¿ ñ,shk 01l fufyhqï iSudjo" 2004 § ñ,shk 02 iSudj
o" 2006 § ñ,shk 03 iSudj o miqlrkafka Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh
f,i h' 2010 § SAGT iu. ñ,shk 04 iSudj o 2015 ñ,shk 05
iSudj o 2017 § SLPA, SAGT, CICT iu. tlal ñ,shk 06 iSudj
o 2018 § ñ,shk 07 iSudj o miqlrhs'
wjika jYfhka miq.shod wdrïN lrk ,o zziuqøSh myiqlï
uOHiaa:dkhZ Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha lghq;= tla jy,la hgg
f.k tafï iqyqre jHdmD;sfha iudrïNhhs'
Y%S ,xldfõ jrdh ixj¾Okfha wkd.;h ie,lSfï fld<U jrdfha
W;=re fldgi" ECT m¾hka;h mq¿,a lsÍu jeks wkd.; ie<iqï
oekgu;a ilia fldg wjikah'
igyk - Èuq;= f;kakfldaka
b
kaÈhdkq id.rfha kdúlhka i|yd uqyqÿ fld,a,lrejka ksid
wê wjodkï l,dmh f,i .eKqkq m%foaYh f.da,Sh kdúl
l¾udka;lrejka iu. we;slr.;a tl`.;djla wkqj wvq
lr ;sfí' óg fmr N+f.da,Sh jYfhka we;s lr.;a fuu iSudjka
wvq lsÍug m%Odk jYfhka n,md we;af;a fidaud,shdkq uqyqÿ
fld,a,lrejkaf.a n,mEu wju ùu iy cd;Hka;r jYfhka m%uqL
keõ iud.ï úiska wdrCIdj Wfoid .kakd ,o Wmdhud¾.sl yd
m%dfhda.sl l%shdldrlï hdj;ald,Sk lsÍu fya;=fjks'
wê wjodkï l,dm msysgqjk ,oafoa j¾I 2010 § muK fidaud,s uqyqÿ
fld,a,lrejkaf.a m%ydr WÉP jQ wjia:djka ys§ keõ ysñlrejka"
kdúlhka yd fufyhqïlrejkag wjodkï weÕùu i|ydhs' tu
j¾Ifha § wka;¾cd;sl kdúl ld¾hdxYh u.ska keõ meyer.ekSï
49la yd m%dK wemlrejka oyilg jeä m%udKhla fidaud,s uqyqÿ
fld,a,lrejka úiska isÿ lr we;s nj jd¾;d lr ;sfí'
fidaud,s uqyÿ fld,a,lrejka úiska 2017 jif¾ isg lsisÿ fj<|
kejlg m%ydrhla t,a, lr ke;s miqìula ;=< wo, m%ydr je<elaùu
i|yd .kakd ,o mshjrhka id¾:l ù we;s nj fmfka'
wka;¾cd;sl kdúl uKav,fha f,alï .hs ma,egka mjikafka
bka§h id.rfha wdrCIl ;;a;ajh fjkia fjñka yd kj ;¾ck
u;=fjñka mj;sk ;;aa;ajhla ;=<" fuf;la meje;s wê wjodkï
l,dmSh N+ o¾Ylh ;jÿrg;a j,x.= fkdjk njhs' fidaud,s uqyqÿ
fld,a,lrejkaf.a ;¾ckh WÉPj meje;s wjia:dfõ § wod, wê
wjodkï l,dmh" meje;s ;¾ck wju lsÍug yd tajdg uqyqK §u
i|yd WmldÍ jQ nj;a" tu.ska wod, l,dmfha ld¾h uKav,
wdrCId lsÍug;a yels jQ nj;a Tyq mejiS h'
f.da,Sh keõ yd f;,a l¾udka;h ksfhdackh lrñka fnda,aála
yd wka;¾cd;sl kdúl ljqkais,h - BIMCO" jr,;a keõ
fn%dal¾jrekaf.a wdh;kh - ICS" wka;¾cd;sl úh<s keõnvq keõ
ysñhkaf.a ix.uh - INTERCARGO" wka;¾cd;sl iajdëk f;,a
keõ ysñhkaf.a ix.uh - INTERTANKO" iy f;,a iud.ï yS
34
wk;¾cd;sl iuqø ixioh - OCIMF hk fj<| ix.ï fhauk yd
fidaud,shdkq uqyqÿ iSudj olajd iy úfYaIs; wd¾Ól l,dm tajdfha
kef.kysr yd ol=Kq udhsï olajd wvq lsÍug;a ;SrKh lrk ,§'
wod, iSud wvq lsÍu iema;eïn¾ 01jeksod isg l%shd;aul fõ'
OCIMF ys l<uKdldr wOHCI frdn¾Ü v%hsiafâ,a mjikafka wê
wdrCIs; l,dm iSud lsÍu uqyqÿ fld,a,lrejkaf.a ;¾ck wvq ùu
fmkakqï lrk njhs' flfia jqj o wod, iSudj wvq l< o" keõ iy
keõ fufyhqulrejka wjodku ms<sn| iafõÉPd oekqï§fï l,dmfha
yd oeä wjodkï l,dmfha mQ¾j ;lafiarejla ;jÿrg;a mj;ajd.;
hq;= nj;a Tyq mjihs' udhsï iSudj kï lr we;;a" wod, iafõÉPd
oekqï§fï iSudjg we;=,a jk keõ j,g tlai;a rdcOdksfha kdúl
l¾udka; l%shdkaú;h oekqj;a lrk f,i oeKqï § we;s w;r"
tu.ska .ukd.uk ld,h ;=< mßCIdldÍj isàu iy;sl flf¾' ta
i|yd wm%sld l,dmfha kdúl wdrCIl uOHia:dkfha (MSCHOA)
,shdmÈxÑ ùu o wfmACId flf¾'
wka;¾cd;sl ixúOdkhkaf.ka Wmfoia ,nd .kakd wod, ixúOdk
f,dj mqrd kdúl .ukd.ukhkag we;s ;¾ck yd wjodkï
ms<sn| iïmQ¾K ;lafiarejla lsÍug;a" mq¿,a yd kj;u mshjrhka
.ekSug;a tlÕ;dj m< lr ;sfí'
BIMSCO m%Odk f,alï yd m%Odk úOdhl fâúâ f,daia,s mjikafka
oekg mj;sk kdúl wdrCIK moaO;sh ta i|yd we;s fyd|u kdúl
wdrCIK l<uKdlrK moaO;sh fkdjk njhs' wrdì w¾Ooaùmh
wjg we;s ù we;s kj;u ;;a;ajhka yd ii|d ne,Sfï § ;¾ck yd
wjodku ms<sn| .eUqßka wOHhkh l< hq;= nj o Tyq mjihs' tfiau
.; yels wfkla ;¾ldkql+, mshjr jkafka úúO j¾.fha" úúO
m%udKfha" úúO cd;Skag wh;a" keõ i|yd f.da,Sh jYfhka ;¾ckh
u; mokï jQ úúO ;¾ck uÜgï ms<sn| ixl,amhka j¾Okh lsÍu
nj;a Tyq mjihs'
f;dr;=re$ PdhdrEm wka;¾cd,fhks
 Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha fiajl jegqma úIu;dj úi|hs
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha kj oyia mkaishlg wdikak fiajl
msßilg jir .Kkdjla ;siafia n,mE fiajl jegqma úIu;dj
ksrdlrKh lrk ,o nj miq.shod jrdh iïnqoaO;aj chka;
ffp;H mßY%fha § meje;s W;aijhlg iyNd.S fjñka jrdh yd
kdúl .re wud;H frdays; wfí.=Kj¾Ok uyd;d m%ldYhg m;a
lrK ,§'
fuu úIu;dj iudf,dapkh fldg úi£u i|yd wjYH ;dCIKsl
miqìu ilila lrk ,oafoa Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh wOHCI ^udkj
iïm;a ixj¾Ok& k,ska wfmdkaiq uy;d m%uqL udkj iïm;a
fldÜGdYh úisks'
fuu úIu;djh bj;a lsÍu i|yd jrdh yd kdúl wud;HxYh
iy Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh" uqo,a wud;HxYh" jD;a;Sh iñ;s ys
ksfhdað;hkaf.ka iukaú; lñgqjla u.ska iudf,dapkh flrKs'
fuu wjia:dfõ ish woyia m%ldY lrñka .re wud;H frdays;
wfí.=Kj¾Ok uy;d m%ldY fldg isáfha"
zudi 20lg jvd jeä ld,hla rg jid ;nñka f.da,Sh fldúâ
jix.; ;;a;ajhg uqyqK foñka f,dj u wvmK ù ;snQ wjia:djl
l<uKdldÍ;ajh m%uqL ish¿ fiajl uy;au uy;aóka wLKav jrdh
fiajdjla fjkqfjka isÿ lrk ,o lem lsÍu uu b;du;a u w.h
lrñ'
ta ksid u jrdh fiajl uy;au uy;aókaf.a jegqma úIu;djh È.ska
È.g" w;ska w;g hk .eg¿jla ù ;snqK o" tu .eg¿" tu úIu;dj
;j;a wud;Hjrfhl= w;g fkd§ úi£ug wjYH mshjr uúiska
17 msgqfjka fï rgg úfoaY úksuh'''
miq.sh Èkl keõ ixia:dj jir 50 l ish wNsudkh iurkq ,enqjd''@
1971 cQks ui 06 jeks Èk wdrïN lrk ,o ,xld keõ ixia:dj
ia:dms; lsÍfï f.!rjh ysñjkafka tjlg .re w.%dud;H isßudfjda
nKavdrkdhl ue;sksh fj;hs' 1970-1977 iufha t;=ñhf.a
kdhl;ajfhka rdcH jHjidh hdka;%Khla ks¾udKh l<d' keõ
ixia:dj lshkafk;a tjeks tla m%uqL rdcH hdka;%Khla' iS$i
,xld keõ ixia:d mk; md¾,sfïka;=jg bÈßm;a lrñka wjYH
uQ,sl ffk;sl moaO;sh ia:dms; l< jrdh yd ixpdrl wud;H
mS'î'mS' l¨.,a, uy;d o tjlg wud;HxY f,alï Oqrh orñka keõ
ixia:dfõ iudrïNl iNdm;sOqrh ork ,o mS'î'lroj, uy;dj;a
uu fï fudfydf;a f.!rjfhka isysm;a lrkjd' miqld,Skj keõ
ixia:dfõ f¾Çh wud;HxYh jQ jrdh úIh Ndr wud;Hjreka o ksrka;rfhka tu m%foaYfha fkajdislj fuu lghq;a;g Wrfokjd'
" úfYaIfhka u ,,s;a we;=<;auqo,s uy;d o ixia:dfõ iNdm;sOqrh
fyn jQ ish¨ fokdjo' wfma wdh;kfha Wkak;sh fjkqfjka wE;
Èhfò udi .Kkla .;lrñka iy nqoaêh" Y%uh tod fuod ;=r lem
l<" lemlrk ish¨u fiajl le<;a fï fudfydf;a f.!rjfhka
isysm;a lrkjd'
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßfha Wm iNdm;s" l<ukdldr wOHlaI OQr
fyn jQ Tn wo keõ ixia:dfõ iNdm;s' kdúl lafIa;%h kï jQ
yqhlska Tn ne£ isákjd' flfiao Tn;=udg th oefkkafka @
Tõ" we;a;gu fï wdh;k folu tlg noaO ù ;sfnkafka'
keõ lafIA;%h .;af;d;a úi,a biõ /ila iu.ska me;sÍ úisÍ
;sfnk lafIa;%hla' jrdhhka iu. iïnkaOj fiajd /ila ,ndfok
iqúfYaIS wdh;khla úÈhg keõ ixia:dj uu y÷kd.kakjd'
,xld keõ ixia:dj f,iska iuqøSh l,dmfha fiiq rgj, keõ
ixia:d iu.ska mj;sk iïnkaO;djh flfiao @
fyd| iyiïnkaO;djla wms l,dmfha keõ ixia:d iu.
f.dvk.df.k hñka isákjd' nx.,dfoaYfha keõ ixia:dj wmsg
35
.kakd ,§' tu ch.%yKh ms<sn|j wo Èk fuf,i Tn yuqfõ
m%ldY lsÍug ,eîu i;=g g ldrKhla'
fï i|yd lem jQ jrdh yd kdúl wud;HxYfha f,alï hQ'ã'iS'
ch,d,a" w;sf¾l f,alï ^md<k yd uqo,a& tÉ'tï't,a'tia' fyar;a"
Y%S ,xld jrdh wêldßh iNdm;s lms;dka ksyd,a lemafmáfmd,"
Wm iNdm;s wdpd¾h m%ika; chudkak" l<uKdldr wOHCI Wmq,a
ch;siai" w;sf¾l l<uKdldr wOHCI iqika; wfíisßj¾Ok"
wOHCI ^uqo,a& Ysrdks jkakswdrÉÑ hk hk uy;au uy;aókao"
uQ,slj fuu úIu;dj úi¢u i|yd wjYH ;dCIKsl miqìu ilia
l< wOHCI ^udkj iïm;a ixj¾Ok& k,ska wfmdkaiq uy;d m%uqL
tu lKavdhu yd rcfha jD;a;Sh iñ;sh jk jdKsc l¾udka; yd
m%.;sYS,S fiajl ix.uh m%uqL lñgqj ksfhdackh l< ish¿ jD;a;Sh
ix.ï ksfhdað;hska o uu fï wjia:dfõ isysm;a l< hq;=hs'Z
tfuka u Tyq jeäÿrg;a olajd isáfha" wÈhr follska hq;= fuu
úIu;dj bj;a lsÍu ;=<ska fiajlhd ;Dma;shg m;aùug fya;=jla
njhs' tneúka jir .Kkdjla weKysg ;snQ jrdh ixj¾Okh kej;
l%shd;aulj we;s fudfyd;l" tkï" ngysr m¾hka;h" kef.kysr
m¾hka;h jeks jHdmD;s iu. msìfok jrdh ixj¾Okh h:d¾;hla
lr .ekSu i|yd ks<OdÍkaf.a fuka u fiajlhskaf.a iydh o ;uka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk njhs' ixj¾Okhg tfrys u;jdo fldf;la
;snqK o ksjerÈ foag ksjerÈ ;SrKh .ekSug ;uka lsisÿ wjia:djl
fkdmelsf,k nj o i|yka l< .re wud;H;=uka tf,i .;a ;SrK
j, m%;sM, wkqj f,dj úYd,; u fk!ldj mjd fld<U jrdhg
meñKSug yels mßirh f.dvke.Sug yels jQ njo m%ldY lf<a h'
fhdackd lrkjd m%uqL;d kex.=rï,Efï myiqlï ,ndfokak lshd'
kuq;a nx.,dfoaY keõ ixia:dj i;=j jrdhlaa ;sfnkjd' wms fï
ms<sn| oekqj;a lsÍï isÿlr ;sfnkjd' fuys§ ux fï ms<sn| jrdh
wêldßfha Wiia ks,OdÍka iu. idlÉPd lr m%uqL;d kex.=rï
myiqlï fjkqjg idOdrK fk!ld kex.=rï myiqlï ,nd§ug
tlÕ;djh ,nd.ekSug yels ù ;sfnkjd'
fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a n,d.drh wdY%s;j rej,a hd;%d kex.=rï,k
l,dmhla bÈlsÍu h:d¾:hla njg m;ajkafka flfiao @
we;a;gu fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a n,d.drfha .,a w`.=re iemhSï lghq;=
wdY%s;j wms ta m%foaYfha ksjdi ,ndf.k fiajlhska /£ issákjd' Bg
wu;rj óg wod< lafIa;%hkaf.a ks,OdÍka 100 lg wêl m%udKhla
m%:ufhka fuu msßi b,lal .; lrf.k fï jkúg uqyqo wdY%s;j
wlalr 10 l muK N+ñhla f;dardf.k ;sfnkjd' fkdfrdÉfpdaf,a
m%dfoaYSh f,alï iu. idlÉPd lr tu N+ñh §¾> ld,Sk nÿ moku
u; ,ndf.k lghq;= lrkjd'
bka wk;=rej rej,a hd;%d iïnkaOfhka lghq;= lrk fia,a
,xld wdh;kh (Sail Lanka& iu. .súiqï.;j fuu ia:dkfha
rej,a hd;%d l,dmfha ia:dms; lsÍug lghq;= lrkjd'
fyg ojfia keõ ixia:dfõ wNs,dIhka fudkjdo @
uf.a uQ,sl wNsm%dh keõ ixia:dj ;=<ska fï rgg úfoaY
úksuh úYd, jYfhka /f.k tauhs' cd;Hka;r kdúl lafIaa;%fha
wjYH;djhg iß,k f,iska fiajd myiqlï ie,iSug lghq;=
lrkjd'
ta jf.au wms .,a wÕ=re m%jdykh ;=<ska we'fvd' ì,shk 11 la
jeks m%udKhla fï ráka úfoAY.;j neyerùu kj;ajd ;sfnkjd'
;j keõ lsysmhla ñ<§f.k fuu ;;a;ajh jvd;a hym;a ;eklg
/f.k taug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'
flá l;dj
frdIdka úfÊisxy
ms
f,ys jQ nxl=j u; jdäù uy,a,d n,d isáfhah' Tyq fuu
nxl=j u; fufia jl=gqj isák ;=kajk oji wohs' fï Èk
;=k ;=< Tyq fndfyda jeyeÍ f.dia we;' lsisodl fkdue;s
whqßka uqyqK mqrd iqfoda iqÿ /jq,a .ia >kj jeù we;' .; jeyeÍ
.sho Tyqf.a foijka yd oEia l=vd orefjl=f.a fuka ksfrda.
sj fuf;la mej;sks' tfy;a fï Èk ;=k ;=< Tyqg mdf¾ wE;ska
u;=jk rejla ksjerÈj y÷kd.ekSug fkdyels úh' thg fya;=j
jQfha Tyqf.a oEia u; óÿï mg,hla jeks hula mdfjñka ;sîuhs'
wä mdf¾ wE;ska u;=jk iEu rEmhla u fuf;la Tyq y÷kdf.k
;snqfka jerÈ f,ihs' tfyhska ta yeu rEmhla fjkqfjkau Tyq
;u nxl=fjka ke.sg —Tkak tkjd''''''''''˜ hkqfjka uquqKd we;'
;j;a fudfyd;lska tu rEmh jug yeÍ weÜfgdakshd .i wi,ska
by<g .uka lrkq olsk uy,a,d nxl=j u; ys|.kS' bkamiq iqiqula
msglrk Tyq fuf;la wmyiqfjka È.yerf.k isá msgfldkao h<s
kud .kS'
ta fudfydf;a .skshï wõ rYañh" ñÿf,ys fuf;la /÷kq jeis ì÷
ish,a, wjika lrñka isáfhah' l÷ by;a;dfõ isg we§ wd iS;,
iq<x /,a,la" uy,a,df.a ysfia wv ljdldrj /÷kq iqÿ meye flia
l<U fid,jkakg úh' ta iq<fÕa hdka;ñka fjr¿ u,a iqj|la
/|S ;snqkq w;r" È.= yqiaula .ksñka Tyq th ;ud ;=<g weo.ekSug
W;aidy lf<ah' ta fudfydf;a yqremqreÿ y~la ksl=;a úh' úYaufhka
oEia o,ajd.;a uy,a,d fmar .i foi ne,Sh' Tyqf.a oEia Èf,kakg jQ
w;r j; m%Ndu;a úh' nxl=fjka ke.sg.;a Tyq—W! wdjd'''''' W! wdjd
'''''''˜ lshñka tyd fuyd .uka lf<ah' fï fudfydf;a l<hq;af;a
l=ulaoehs Tyqg is;d.; fkdyel'
tfy;a w¿ fldfnhshd fmar .fia my; w;af;a isg wjg msßlaiñka
isáfhah' uy,a,dg hula isysm;a úh' Tyq w¿ fldfnhshd ksÍËKh
lrkakg úh' jdikdjg Tyqf.a oEia fï fudfydf;a b;du;a
ksjerÈj l%shd lrñka ;snqks' l=re,a,df.a lsisu jrola ke;ehs b;d
iq¿ ld<hla ;=< Tyq ;SrKh lf<ah' W! fjkod fukau ish ysi
36
bÈßhg f.fkñka yd miqmig wÈñka isáfhah' l=re,a,dg my,
jQ ;K ìiai u; Tyqf.a ierháh úh' l=vd ;Km;a yd je,s
leg ;ejÍfuka th ls<sáù ;sìKs' ierháh ÿgq uy,a,df.a is;
fYdaldl+, úh' oEia ;=< l÷¿ tla/ia úh' Tyq ;u oEia ;rfha
jid .;af;ah' fï fudfydf;a w;S; cjksldjka /ila oEia bÈßmsg
mdfjñka ;sìks' ta ish,a, tlu Èkhla ;=< isÿjQ isoaê oduhla úh'
Tyq tu cjksldjka ish,a, tl fm<g ;nd .ekSug W;aidy oeÍh'
tÈk iqmqreÿ mßÈ ueye,sh msf<a mäh u; ys|f.k isáhdh' wef.a
Wl=f<a fld, meye;s l=vd n÷kla jQ w;r t;=< iy,a msÍ ;sìks' ta
fudfydf;ao uy,a,d fï nxl=j u;u ys|f.k ish foll=,a ì;a;sfha
my, odrh u; ;ndf.k isáfhah' iqmqreÿ mßÈ Tyq fndfyda foa
l;d lrñka isá w;r ueye,a, ta ish,a, bjid ord .ksñka isáhdh'
—wmsg weyela ldf< wms fldhs;rx keyqko ´l=x yskaod' oex Wkag
wms fmakafkj;a kE' uqx orefjdo @ ugkx cd;s cd;s;a tmd fï jf.a
Wx˜ wef.ka m%;spdrhla fkd,enqk úg iqmqreÿ mßÈ ;ud wehg nek
jeÿKq whqre'
uy,a,dg u;lh'
—Tfyf. lfÜ msÜgqh @ Wkag jpkhla lshkfldg Tfyg yß
wudrehs' uqx Tlafldu tlhs' Tlafldu tlhs'˜ Tyqf.a iqmqreÿ
m%ldYhg wef.ka ,enqfkao iqmqreÿ ms<s;=ruh' —wfka ta orefjdkag
nek,d fudlfghs @ Wx lsh,d fudkjd fldrkafkhs @
Th weyela yeáhg weú,a,d hkjd fkj'˜
fï ms<s;=r Tyq fldam .kajkakla úh' ta iu.u Tyq ;j ;j;a
fldam .kajkakg iu;a jk fojeks isÿùuo isÿúh' w¿ fldfnhshd
fmar w;a; u;g wdfõh' uy yçka ;gq ieÆ W! ueye,shf.a
wjOdkh ;ud fj; k;=lr .ksoa§ uy,a,d n,d isáfha" ;ud
fj;ska bj;g yefrk .eyeKsh foihs' wef.a j; m%Ndu;a úh'
tfy;a Tyqf.a uqyqK l¿meye .ekaù ;snQ nj weh ÿgqfõ ke;' ;j;a
fudfyd;lska w¿ fldfnhshd fmar w;af;a isg fl,skau ueye,sh
wi,g mshdUd wdfõh' ueye,sh ;u f,dUq lg újr fldg l=re,a,d
iu. iskdiqkdh' ta fudfydf;a uy,a,d hula f;d,a u;=rñka
isáfhah' —uQi, .EKs''''' oex udj ´k kE'''˜ tfy;a ta lsisjla wehg
weiqfka ke;' weh ta jkúg l=vd n÷fka jQ iy,a ish w;a, u;g
y,ñka isáhdh' bkamiq weh ;u w; l=re,a,d fj; È.= l<dh' uola
miqndñka isá l=re,a,d tla jru mshUd ú;a wef.a w;a, u; jdäúh'
bkamiq W! fõ.j;a f,i iy,a .s, oukakg jQ w;r" jßka jr ysi
Tijd uy,a,d foi ne¨fõh' tfy;a ueye,a,"
l=re,a,d foiu n,d isáhdh' wef.a m%S;sh fodar .,ñka ;snqks' weh
fï ksjig meñK .;l< m<uq Èk lsysmh Tyqg isysm;a úh'
w;a, u; jQ wjidk iy,a wegho ;=äka .;a l=re,a,d wef.ka
bj;aj mäh u;g my;a úh' weh ;u iy,a n÷fka b;sßj ;snQ
iy,a weg lsysmh ish w;a,g y,ñka isáhdh' ta fudfydf;a hula
isÿúh' uy,a,df.a ierháh fmar .i foig úis fjñka ;snqKq
w;r l=re,a,d Wvqne,s w;g yeÍ oÕ,ñka isáfhah' fï fudfydf;a
uy,a,d ÿgqfõ ueye,sh ;u oE;a tla fldg mmqj ;o lr.kakd
whqrls' bkamiq weho l=re,a,d wi,u Wvqne,s w;g jegqkdh'
fï w;S; isÿùï oduh Tyqf.a is; n,j;a f,i frda.d;=r lsÍug
iu;aj ;snqks' oEfia msÍ ;snQ l÷¿ iqÿ meye;s rjq,a .ia w;ßka fmÍ
ú;a ls<sá iru ;=< Èhù hkakg úh' miq.sh ? lsysmh flfiaj;a
Tyqg iqjodhl jQfha ke;' Tyqf.a hyk Tyqg udrl ia:dkhla fuka
úh' tys .;lrk yeu fudfyd;lu Tyqf.a uki u; È. yerefka
tlu tl oiqkls' frdayf,a isg ueye,shf.a foayh iys; fok ksji
fj; f.k tk whqre fmkqKs' bka miq th id,h ;=< ;ekam;a úh'
tys fomi ys| ish ¥ mq;=ka ;udg idm lrñka isákq fmkqKs' Wi
fmd,af;,a myfka jeá lsysmhla oe,afjñka ;snQ w;r l=l=,a rEmh
fjkqjg myfka by<ska ;kd ;snqfka w¿ fldfnhshdf.a rEmhls'
uy,a,d h,s mshú f,dalhg meñKsfha w¿ fldfnhshdf.a ;gq .ik
yçks' W! ;ju;a fmar w;a; u; isáfhah' l< hq;= lsisjla Tyq oek
isáfha ke;' Tyq wä lsysmhla f.;=<g f.dia h,s nxl=j foigu
meñKsfhah' ì;a;sh whsfka uq,a,l ;snQ ueye,shf.a iy,a n÷k
Tyq fk; .egqks' my;aù th w;g.;a kuq;a tys iy,a weghla
fyda ;snqfka ke;' n÷ko /f.k ksji ;=<g msúis uy,a,d h<s
ms, fj; meñKsfha úkdä y; wgl mudfjks' l=iaisfha jQ iy,a
uqÜáh fidhd .ekSug Tyq fndfyda uykaisù ;snqks' ta jkúg w¿
fldfnhshd .fika nei ;u f., jkñka lEu fidhñka isáfhah'
n÷fka jQ iy,a álla ish ol=K;g y,d.;a uy,a,d mäh u;
ys|.;af;ah' bkamiq Tyq ish w; l=re,a,d fj; È.= lf<ah' ;udf.a
w; fjjq,k whqre Tyq ÿgqfõh' l=re,a,do ysi yrjd n,d isákafka
tfoi nj Tyq okS' tfy;a W! Tyqf.a w;g meñKsfha ke;' Tyqf.a
w; ßÿï fokakg úh' Tyq ;u wf;a jq iy,a bÈßfhka jQ je,s
fmd<j u;g úis lf<ah' uy,a,d foi n,ñka fudfyd;la .;l<
l=re,a,d ;u mshdm;a .iñka iy,a /|s ia:dkhg Èj wdfõh' W!
b;d ms<sfj,g iy,a wyq,k whqre uy,a,d n,d isáfhah' Wf.a
f.f,a jQ ukrï mshdm;a ,d,s;Hhlg ief,kakg úh' Tyqf.a oEi
h,s;a f;;a úh' ta l÷¿ w;ßka Tyq ;u ierháh ÿgqfõh'
—;d;af;''''''˜
msgqmiska uy y~la ksl=;a úh' ìhjQ w¿ fldfnhshd b.s, .sfhah'
Tyq l=re,a,d foiu n,d isáfhah' ta fudfydf;a Tyqg iqmqreÿ
Ydka; y~la o miqmiska weiqks' —wfka jdikdjka'''''''''' l=re,a,d
bkakjfka''''˜ tjr uy,a,d ysi yrjd ne¨fõh' weh l=re,a,d
foiu n,d isáhdh' tfy;a fujr Tyqf.a is; ;=<g fldamhla
meñKsfha ke;' Tyq wef.a oEi foi tî ne¨fõh' msgqmiska isá
;u ÈhKshf.a ne,aug ;ud yiqù we;s whqre Tyq ÿgqfõ ke;' —u,
flda,x˜ wef.a uqúka msgúh' uy,a,d ìu n,d.;af;ah'
37
ì%;dkH hq.fha isg
fld<U jrdfha ÈhqKqj
fld<U jrdh keõ f;dgla f,i mD;=.Siska wdrïN lrk
,ÿj ,kafoais hq.fha§;a ;rula ÈhqKq úh' kuq;a 1796 jif¾§
ì%;dkHhka fld<U jrdho hg;a lr.;a miqj jrdfha ÈhqKqj
i|yd ì%d;dkHhka lghq;= lf<ah' tnejka fld<U jrdh mq¨‍,a
lsÍfï wjYH;djh Tjqkag jegyq‚' Tjqyq tljr keõ úYd,
ixLHdjla keje;aúh yels lD;su jrdhla f,i fuh m;a l<y'
tfiau ksß; È. fudaiï iq<Õska fld<U jrdh wdrlaId lsÍug
Èh lvk neïula i|yd uq,a., ;eîu 1875 jif¾§ isÿ úh'
ta 7 jk tâjâ l=ure ,xldjg meñ‚ wjia:dfõ§h' l%ufhka
f.dvke.=Kq fld<U jrdh ;=, wä 200 muK È.ska hq;a wÕ=‍re
ceá 10 la muK msysgd ;snq‚' tl, NdKav nEu iy megùu
isÿjqfka ñksia Y%uh fhdod .ksñks' fld<U jrdh ixj¾Okfha
m%;sM, 19 jk ishji w. muK jk úg olakg ,eì‚' tl,
hqfrdamfha isg ´iag%ේ,shdj n,d .sh iEu fk!ldjlau mdfya
fld<U jrdfha k;r lrkq ,enQ w;r bka ie,lsh hq;= wdodhula
,nd .ekSug ì%;dkH rchg yels úh' fld<U jrdfha wdrlaIdj
ms<sn| ;j ÿrg;a is;+ ì%;dkH md,lhska 1906 iy 1912 hk jir
j,§ fld<U jrdfha w;sf¾l neñ folla bÈ lf<ah' bka miq
wn,ka keõ w¨‍;ajeähd lrk ;gdl" f;,a" wÕ=‍re jeks bkaOk
imhk ceá fld<U jrdfha bÈ lrkq ,eì‚' fï fya;= ksid
ì%;dkH md,k hq.h wjidk jk úg fld<U jrdh f,dj m%isoaO
jrdhla njg m;a úh'
1948 jif¾§ ,xldj ksoyi ,nd .ekSfuka wk;=rej t;eka
isg 8 jirka f.jqK úg nKavdrkdhl rch n,hg m;aúh'
Tjqkaf.a fmdfrdkaÿj mßÈ 1958 jif¾§ fld<U jrdh rchg
mjrd .kakd ,È' kuq;a 1960 oYlfha ueo Nd.h jk úg fld<U
jrdh ;=, jQ jev j¾ck fya;=fjka tys lghq;= ;rula wvd,
úh' ta w;r;=r fuu jev j¾ckho ;ukag jdishla fia i,ld
isx.mamQre jrdh l%ufhka ÈhqKq jkakg mgka .eksks' miqj
kej;;a 70 oYlfha w. Nd.h muK jk úg ,,s;a we;=,;auqo,s
uy;d fj<| yd kdúl wud;HOQrhg m;a ùu;a iu. fld<U
jrdhg iaj¾Kuh hq.hla Wod jkakg úh' ta jk úg fld<U
jrdh f,dj fYa‚.; lsÍï j, 138 jeks ia:dkfha miqúh' miqj
fld<U jrdh ;=, nyd¨‍ï l%uh y÷kajd ÿka ,,s;a we;=,;auqo,s
uy;d m%;skeõ.;lrKh u.ska jrdhg úYd, ,dNhla ,nd §ug
odhl úh' wk;=rej jrdh fiajlhkaf.ao iqN idOk fiajd mq¿,a
lrñka jrdh lghq;= ld¾hlaIu lsÍuo ta uy;d isÿ lf<ah' tod
,,s;a we;=,;auqo,s uy;d fld<U jrdh Ndr.kakd úg f,dal
fYa‚.; lsÍï ;=, 138 jeks ia:dkfha miqjQ fld<U jrdh"
Tyq kslau hk úg 26 jk ia:dkh olajd Tijd ;enq‚' wo
jk úg f,dj úYd,;u nyd¨‍ï fk!ldj mjd fld<U jrdhg
we;=,a lsÍfï yelshdj mj;sk w;r tu úYd,;u fk!ldj
keje;aúh yels f,dj jrdhka 24 w;rg fld<U jrdh;a we;=,;a
nj lsj hq;af;a ksy;udkS wdvïNrhlskah' tu f,dj úYd,;u
nyd¨‍ï fk!ldj keje;aúh yels ol=Kq wdishdfõ tlu jrdh
fld<U jrdh ùuo úfYaI;ajhls' j¾;udkfha f,dj fyd|u yd
ld¾hlaIu jrdhka 25 w;r jecfUk fld<U jrdh ;j ;j;a
fiajd myiqlï mq¿,a ùfuka wkd.;fha§ f,dj wxl 01 jrdh
njg m;a ùug jeä l,la .; fkdjkq we;'
oiqka fmf¾rd
ch ny¨‍ - isú,a fldÜGdYh
uQ,dY%h - roarmedia fjí wvúh
 wk;=rej B iy;slh yd wod< wfkl=;a f,aLK iu. lïlre
flduidßia fj; bÈßm;a lr ta nj g iy;sl lrjd .; hq;= h'

19
58 wxl 15 orK iajl w¾: idOl wruqo,a mk; kS;s.; wjidk fiajd ia:dkh jid we;akï mqoa., úia;r wdlD;s m;%hla
ùfuka miq 1958 cqks ui 01 jeks Èk isg l%shd;aul jk ili lrf.k th mqrjd .%du ks<OdÍ iy m%dfoaYSh f,alï fj;ska
fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a mk; Tfí ;a uf.a ;a úY%du ikd: lr whÿïm; iu. bÈßm;a l< hq;= h'
Èúfha m%n, w;aje,la jkq we;'
úY%du jhig t<eU fiajfhka bj;a jQ úg" msßñ jhi wjqreÿ 55
mqoa.,sl wxYfha yd rchg wkqnoaO ixia:d" uKav," fmdÿ iud.ï iy" ldka;djka jhi wjqreÿ 50 iïmQ¾K lr we;akï K whÿïm;%h
hkd § wdh;k j, fiajlhskag úY%du ld,fha § m%fhdackhg .ekSu iu. B idudðl m;%h o Wmamekak iy;slfha uq,a mgm; yd Pdhd
i|yd hï uqo,la /ialr §fï wruqfKka werô fuh wo w;= b;s msgm;la o bÈßm;a l< hq;= h'
isidrd iEu fiajl uy;au uy;añhlg u iqúi,a Yla;shla ù ;sfí'
oeä frda.S ;;a;ajla ksid fiajfhka bj;a jQ úg ta nj g rcfha
/lshdjg ne÷Kq uq,a Èkfha isg fiajl w¾: idol wruqof,a frday,l ffjoHjrfhlaf.ka fi!LH 307 wdlD;s m;%h u.ska
idudðl;ajh ,eîfï whs;sh fiajl uy;au uy;aóka yg ysñfõ' iy;shla yd B iy;slh bÈßm;a l< hq;= h'
ta hgf;a"
iaÓr ùid n,m;a ,nd úfoaY rgl mÈxÑhg hEfï § iaÓr ùid
n,m;%h yd tys Pdhdmsgmla iu. K whÿïm; yd B iy;slh
• iaÓr" wiaÓr" wdOqksl" ;djld,sl" wkshï" Èkfha läka bÈßm;a l< hq;= h'
lv jev lrk" iïmQ¾K Èklg wvq ld,hla jev lrk
fiajl uy;au uy;aóka" w¾: idOl wruqof,a idudðlfhl= ñh .sh úg j,x.= kï lsÍula
• lE,s .Kkg" fldka;%d;a l%uhg" fldñia l%uhg" jev ;snqKfyd;a tu kï l< whg m%;s,dN ,nd .; yels h' ta i|yd
m%udKh wkqj f.ùï ,nk fiajl uy;au uy;aóka" L wdlD;s m;%h iïmQ¾K lr my; i|yka f,aLK iu. b,a,Sula
• udislj" i;sm;d fyda ffokslj jegqma$ fõ;k ,nk l< hq;= h'
fiajl uy;au uy;aóka" • idudðlhdf.a urK iy;slh
• lïlre fY%aKs j, isg l<uKdldr fY%aKS olajd iEu • Nd¾hdj whÿï lrkafka kï újdy iy;slh
;rd;srul u fiajl uy;au uy;aóka" • orejkaf.a Wmamekak iy;sl
• nd,jhialrejka i|yd Ndrldr;ajh ms<sn| iy;slhla
fï i|yd wh;a jk w;r" Tjqka my; i|yka bmehSï odhl uqo,a • fouõmshka úiska whÿï lrkafka kï idudðlhdf.a Wmamekak
f.ùu i|yd i,ld n,kq ,efí' iy;slh
• fõ;k$ jegqma fyda .dia;= • mqoa., úia;r m;%sldfõ .%du ks<OdÍ yd m%dfoaYSh f,alï
• Ôjka úhoï §ukjd" úfYAI ÔjkdOdr §ukdj yd fjk;a iy;sl iys;j
ta yd iudk §ukd
• ksjdvq Èk iïnkaOfhka lrkq ,nk f.ùï Tn úiska bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk whÿïmf;ys i|yka úia;r lïlre
• ,nd fok msiQ fyda fkdmsiQ wdydr j, uqo,a jákdlu fomd¾;fïka;=fõ we;s f,aLK yd fkd.e,fma kï tlS wvqmdvq Tn
• wdydr §ukd fj; oekaùug lghq;= lrkq we;' whÿïm;a mßCIdlr neÆ úg
• kshu lrkq ,nk fjk;a wkaofï mdßY%ñl ish¿u wjYH;d iïmQ¾K lr we;akï m%;s,dN f.jk f,i g Y%S
,xld uy nexl=j fj; okajd isákq we;' wk;=rej Tfí ÿrl:kh
fiajl w¾: idOl wruqo,a mk;g wkqj fiajl uy;au Tiafia Tng tu bñysß mKsúvh ,efnkq we;'
uy;añhlf.a ish¿u bmehSï j,ska wju jYfhka 8]la fiajl
w¾: idOl wruqo,g odhl úh hq;= w;r" fiajd fhdaclhdf.a
odhl;ajh wju jYfhka 12];a fõ' fiajlfhl= fiajhg ne£ Èk
14la .;ùug fmr A" B" H" hk wdlD;s m;% mqrjd wdh;kh úiska
m%foaYfha lïlre ld¾hd,hg bÈßm;a lsÍug fiajd fhdacl lghq;=
l< hq;= w;r" tu wdlD;s m;% mßCIdlr n,d wjYH igyka iys;j
fiajlhd fj; Ndr §u i|yd B wdlD;s m;%h fiajd fhdacl fj;
fhduq lrkq we;'
fiajlfhl= fiajl w¾: idOl wruqof,a ,shdmÈxÑ jk wjia:dfõ
§ u ish w¾: idOl .sKqu i|yd Wreulaldrfhl= o kï l<
yels h' fuys § wújdylfhl=g ´kEu wfhl= o" újdylfhl=g
iajdñhd$ Nd¾hj" orejka" foudmshka" ifydaor ifydaoßhka hk
mjqf,a wh kï lsÍfï yelshdj o we;'
fiajl w¾: idOl wruqof,a m%;s,dN b,a,Su ysñlï we;s
idudðlhka fla whÿïm; meyeÈ,sj mqrjd whÿïm;f;a II fldgi
fiajd fhdacl ,jd iy;sl lrjd .ekSu b;d jeo.;a h'

Tfí ie|E Èúfha § msysg g tk

fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a mk; 38

.; oyäh fy<d ''''''''''''' Y%u Yla;sh mqod '''''''''''''
tA jrdh .S;fha fldgila'
jrdfha jev lrk fndfydauhla wh lshk jpkhla ;uhs wms odäh fmrdf.k" ?
oyj,a ksÈ urdf.k ÿla ú|f.k jrdh g fiajh lrkjd lshk tl' fï l;dj
fndfydauhla fj,djg lshkafka ;uqkag lsishï fohla jrdfhka .kak ´kE Wkduhs'
wykak Tfí yDo idCIsfhka tA lsõfj we;a;o lsh,d'
kqUhs Ôjh
fldfrdakd hl= oE;a úoyd yUdf.k tk fj,dfõ
tf,dakd wÈgkska lemfjk úrejfka ,la ;,dfõ
fmdfrdakd hg fkdb| fkdìhj rg rlsk ok ;=,dfõ
Tfrdakd ìh <x fkdfõj rlska Wka fuka j<dfõ

jrdfha oji u .; l<d fjkak mq¿jka' jrdfha kEjd" ksod .;a;d" jrdfha lEu iqj isß;a yd fjñka wkq.; fiafj i,ik woyiska
lEjd" ìõjd fjkak mq¿jka" yenehs wr ysá ld,fhka meh lShka we;a;g u Tn kj ßhka Wi hka;rh Wv jev jik ke;s ksoyiska
jrdh fjkqfjka is;" lh fjfyij,d jev l<d o@ wjmiska tk .eg¿ úi|uq ke;sj ke. tk Woyiska
ta ysá ld,fhka jev l<;a" fkdl<;a Tn w;sld, .;a; o keoao@ wms jev lf<a cj .kska fï ìu rlskakg fu;a is;ska hq;a uoyiska
jrdhg o@ wmsg u o@
lïyf,a r¿ hlv ;,kd fidhqrfka fk; úvd §
jegqmg iß,k fiajhla l<d kï Tn jegqmghs jev lf<a' jev yf,a fkl fiafj iokd ñ;=rfka Èß ,nd §
Tng ys;g tlÕj lshkak mq¿jka kï uu .kak jegqmg jvd fiajhla Y%S ,xld Wka iqfõ .ek ksn| fidhkd fjÿrks fi; iod §
jrdh wêldßh g l<d lsh,d" wkak tfykï Tn jrdhg;a" rgg;a fiajh lr,d yojf;a ke.s ;=g ,shkakg jpk kE ug lshd §
;sfhkjd'
-luKs l=remamq
jegqmg iß,k fiajhlaj;a fkdl<d kï Tn jrdhg;a" rgg;a Khhs'
lsis u jevla fkdlr jegqma .;a;d kï Tn lf<a fydrlula'
Tn lrk fiajh fjkqfjka" fiajd odhlhkaf.ka" Tn w; hg ikaf;daiula .;a;d o@
th Tng whs;s keye' .;a;d kï Tn lf<a fydrlula'
wykak Tfnka u" Tn whs;s fldhs fldgig o@

m;kakï wïfï Tn u;= Èfka nqÿfjkak ld¾hd,hh'''''

oql oekqk yeu;ekÈ uu is;ska Tn.dj ;k;=re - Wiia ùï

blsì¢k yoj;g Tfnka ,enqKd isis, ,dN - m%fhdack
uõ fifka fï ;rï .eUqrehso lshd ug ys;j;a - wys;j;a lï
lshd ÿkafka kqUhs wdofrhs uu kqUg f,ka.;= lï iu.
w,a,dm - i,a,dm
f,dalhu fmr¨k;a Tn isáfh fkfi,aù ueyqï - f.;=ï
wmj ;ks fkdlrdu /ljrK ,en foñka fmd; m; lshùï fmr Èk fm;s is÷Kq
fudk ;rï is;a ßÿï wm fj;g meñKsh;a u,a j, iqj| u;lh
jf.au '''''
w;er .sh keye wmj jqKd Tn rka jegla w¨;a l< WoEik jg
fla,ï - lems,s flá,s
bßishdj - m<s .ekSu kejqï mskafkka keyqjqKq
ÿl i;=g ieuúgu tl f,iu ordf.k WKqiqï iqj| fok
l÷¿ ìÿ i.jñka wmg fkdoefkk f,iska ffjrh - fl%daOh
´md¥m j,ska msß w¨;a u,lska .,k
ks,a wyi ;rugu wdof¾ mqfrdaf.k iqj| fmdo okakjo
f,dalhla ;kkakg jqKd Tn ysre lsrK jfrl iqkaor
;j;a jfrl wiqkaor wfma u;lfh iqj|
yeufohu iqkaorhs Tfí fifkyi .dj ;efkls ld¾hd,h''''
Èuq;=
mqoiqkls Tn wmg u,a ;shd j¢kakg
foõjreka fldaáhla f,dj my< ù we;;a md,s; mqIaml=udr
wïfu Tn jf. flfkla yuqjqfka kE ;ju

wïfu Tfn fifkyfiys È. m<, flf;la oehs

lg kï yels fjhso lshkakg fï f,dfõ
fldf;la kï ÈhqKqjla we;s jqj;a f,dalfhys
iu lrkq yelsfjhso wïfu Tfn fifkyig

biqre msß fyg Èkla wmg ißlr fokag

Èjd / fjfyiù .f;a vdìÿ fy,mq
m;kakï wïfu Tn u;= Èfka nqÿ fjkak
wmg Ôú;h ÿka ta msku we;s Tng

jika;s m%kdkaÿ - ch ny¨ m¾hka;h

39
40