DESA

Fungsi = Mengalirkan bahan baku Metanol Ke Reaktor-01

Tipe = Centrifugal Pump
Bahan Kontruksi = Carbon Steel SA 283 Grade C

Konversi
Densitas = 1.0000 kg/m3
Kapasitas panas = 1.0000 kJ/kg K
Konduktiv. Termal = 1.0000 W / m K
Viskositas = 1.0000 micropoise
1.0000 cP
Satuan Massa = 1.0000 kg
1.0000 m^3
Satuan Panjang = 1.0000 m
1.0000 ft
Satuan Energi = 1.0000 Watt
1.0000 J/s
1.0000 Watt/hr
1.0000 kJ
Tekanan Uap = 1.0000 psi
1.0000 mmHg
1.0000 Hp

Kondisi Operasi
Temperatur, T = 30.0000 C
Flowrate, mf = 15,560.2650 kg/jam
Densitas Fluida, ρ = 783.1230 kg/m^3
Viskositas, μ = 0.5130 cP
Tekanan Uap, P uap = 162.5443 mmHg
Faktor Keamanan (SF) = 0.1000

1. Kapasitas Pompa, Qf
Mass Flowrate, mf = (1+sf) x mf
= 37,734.9186 lb/jam
= 628.9153 lb/menit
Volumetric Flowrate, Qf = mf/ρ
Qf = 12.8642 ft3/min
Qf = 0.2144 ft3/s

2. Menentukan ukuran pipa

a. Diameter pipa
Untuk aliran turbulent yang mempunyai range viskositas 0,02 – 20 cP maka dig
dalam optimum pipa
ID opt (pada suction)
Qf = 0.2144 ft3/s

ρ= 48.8887 lb/ft3
3 . 9 . Q 0 . 45
ID optimum = 3.2338 in

Perry Ed 7th, Hal. 10.73, Tabel 10.18, Properties of Steel Pipe diperoleh :
Suction Pipe :
NPS = 4.0000 in
SN = 80.0000
ID = 3.8260 in
OD = 4.5000 in
Ls (Length Suction) = 4.0000 m
Cross Sectional Area (a") = 0.0799 ft^2

Discharge Pipe :
NPS = 3.3333 in
SN = 80.0000
ID = 3.3640 in
OD = 4.0000 in
Ls (Length Suction) = 10.0000 m
Cross Sectional Area (a") = 0.0617 ft^2

PERH
3. Penentuan Suction Friction Loss
Suction Velocy, Vs = Qf/ a" Pers. Kontinuitas
Qf = 0.2144 ft3/s
a" = 0.0799 ft2
Suction Velocy, Vs = 2.6847 ft/s
Suction Velocy, Vs = 9,665.0818 ft/jam

(Vs^2)/(2gc)
Vs = 2.6847 ft/s
gc = 32.1740 ft lb/lbf s
= 0.1120 ft lbf/lb

Reynold Number, N Re = ID Vs ρ / μ
ID = 0.3188 ft
 Vs = 9665.0818 ft/jam
ρ= 48.8887 lb/ft3
μ= 1.2409 lb/ft jam
N Re = 121,409.1112 (Turbulent Flow)

Material yang digunakan untuk konstruksi pipa adalah Commercial Steel Pipe Fig. 14-1, Fanning Friction Factors
Peters, Hal. 482, diperoleh :

Equivalent roughness, ε = 0.0002 ft

D= 0.3188 ft
= 0.0005
D
Dari grafik 14.1. didapatkan Fanning Friction Factor, f:
f= 0.0045

Dari pers (8) Peter, Hal 483. Didapatkan:

0 . 04 = 0.0061

Nre 0 .16

b. skin Friction Loss (Hfs)

Equivalent Lenght dari Fitting dan valve
Elbow 90 std = 32.0000
gate valve = 7.0000
tee = 90.0000

Total Le (Fitting) = 0.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 7.0000

L = L suction + (L fitting x ID)

= 15.3552 ft

Hfs = 0.0486 ft lbf/lb

c. Sudden Contraction Friction Loss (Hfc)

Kc V2 Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

H  
fc 2α gc
Keterangan
Kc = Koefisien Kontraksi
α = 1.0000 Untuk aliran turbulen
 Sehingga:
A1 = 0.0799
A2 = 0.0617
A2/A1 = 0.7726
Jika A2/A1 > 0,715 Pers. pada Tabe

Kc 0.1705

Hfc 0.009552 ft lbf/lb

d. Fitting and Valve Friction Loss ( Hff)

Elbow 90 std = 0.9000

Gate valve = 0.2000
Tee = 1.8000

kf = 0.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 0.2000

Hff = 0.0224 ft lbf/lb

e. Total Suction Friction Loss, Hf Suc

Hf Suct = Hfs+Hfc+Hff
= 0.0486 ft lbf/lb
= 0.0805 ft lbf/lb

f. Suction Head, H suct

Za = 1.0000 m
Zb = 0.0000 m
Static Suction Head, Zc = 1.0000
Origin Pressure = 1.0000 atm
Pressure Head, Hp = Po/ρ
Po = 2116.2166 lb/ft^2
ρ = 48.8887 lb/ft^3
Hp 43.2864 ft lbf/lb

Static Head, Hs
Static Suction, Hs = (g/gc)*(Za-Zb)
Za-Zb = 3.2808 ft
g/gc = 1.0000 lbf/lb

Hs = Zsuc x (g/gc)
= 3.2808 ft lbf/lb

Velocity Head, Hv
Va-Vb = 0.0000 ft/hr
Hv = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb

Head Suction, H suct

H suct, Pb = Hp + Hs + Hvs - Hfsuc

Hp
 = 43.2864 ft lbf/lb
Hs = 3.2808 ft lbf/lb
Hv = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb
Hf suct = 0.0805 ft lbf/lb
H suct = 46.4867 ft lbf/lb

Pb = H suct x ρ
= 46.4867 ft lbf.lb
= 48.8887 lb/ft^3
= 2272.6768 lbf/ft^2
= 15.7825 psi

g. Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)

Vapour Pressure Correction, Hp uap
Hp uap = P uap / ρ
Puap = 452.6027 lbf/ ft^2
ρ = 48.8887 lb/ft^3
Hp uap = 9.2578 ft/lbf lb

Total NPSH = Hsuct - Hp uap

= 37.2289 ft/lbf lb

PEHITU
4. Penentuan Dischargen Friction Loss

a. Discharge Friction Loss

Discharge Velocy, Vd = Qf/ a"
 Qf = 0.2144 ft3/s
a" = 0.0617 ft2
Vd = 3.4749 ft/s
= 12,509.7801 ft/jam

(V^2)/(2gc)
Vd = 3.4749 ft/s
gc = 32.1740 ft lb/lbf s
(V^2)/(2gc) = 0.1877 ft lbf/lb

Reynold Number, N Re = DVρ/μ

D= 0.2803 ft
V= 12,509.7801 ft/jam
ρ= 48.8887 lb/ft3
μ= 1.2409 lb/ft jam
N Re = 138,167.6729 (Turbulent Flow)

Material yang digunakan untuk konstruksi pipa adalah Commercial Steel Pipe Fig. 14-1, Fanning Friction Factors
Peters, Hal. 482, diperoleh :

Equivalent roughness, ε = 0.0002 ft

D= 0.2803 ft
= 0.0005
D
Dari grafik 14.1. didapatkan Fanning Friction Factor, f:
f= 0.0045

Dari pers (8) Peter, Hal 483. Didapatkan:

0 . 04 = 0.0060
Nre 0 .16
b. skin Friction Loss (Hfs)
Equivalent Lenght dari Fitting dan valve
Elbow 90 std = 32.0000
gate valve = 7.0000
tee = 90.0000

Total Le (Fitting) = 1.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 39.0000

L = L suction + (L fitting x ID)

= 43.7414 ft
Hfs = 0.2635 ft lbf/lb

c. Sudden Contraction Friction Loss (Hfe)

Ke V 2 Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

H  x
2
fe
gc

Keterangan
Kc = Koefisien Kontraksi
α = 1.0000 Untuk aliran turbulen
Sehingga:
A1 = 0.0799
A2 = 0.0617
A2/A1 = 0.7726
Jika A2/A1 < 0,715 Pers. pada Tabe

Kc 0.1705

Hfe 0.016002 ft lbf/lb

d. Fitting and Valve Friction Loss ( Hff)

Elbow 90 std = 0.9000

Gate valve = 0.2000
Tee = 1.8000

kf = 1.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 1.1000

Hff = 0.2064 ft lbf/lb

e. Total Discharge Friction Loss, Hf Suc

Hf Discharge = Hfs+Hfe+Hff
= 0.2635 ft lbf/lb
= 0.4859 ft lbf/lb

f. Discharge Head, H disc

Zd = 8.0000 m
Zc = 0.0000 m
Static Discharge Head, Zdisc = 8.0000
Origin Pressure = 15.0000 atm
Pressure Head, Hp = Po/ρ
Po = 31743.2494 lb/ft^2
ρ = 48.8887 lb/ft^3
Hp 649.2961 ft lbf/lb

Discharge Head, Hdis

Static Discharge, Hs = (g/gc)*(Zd-Zc)
Zd-Zc = 26.2467 ft
g/gc = 1.0000 lbf/lb

Hs = Zdisc x (g/gc)
= 26.2467 ft lbf/lb

Velocity Head, Hv
Vc-V = 0.0000 ft/hr
Hv = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb

Head Discharge, H disc


H disc, Pb = Hp + Hs + Hvs - Hf disc

Hp = 649.2961 ft lbf/lb
Hs = 26.2467 ft lbf/lb
Hvs = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb
Hf disc = 0.4859 ft lbf/lb
H disc = 675.0569 ft lbf/lb

Pc = H disc x ρ
= 675.0569 ft lbf.lb
= 48.8887 lb/ft^3
= 33002.6603 lbf/ft^2
= 229.1851 psi

5. Differential Pressure (Total Pump), ΔP

Disfferential Pressure, ΔP
Discharge Pressure
Pressure Drop pada filter
Suction pressure
ΔP
= Discharge Pressure + Pressure drop pada filter - suction pressure
= 229.1851 psi
= 0.0000 psi
= 15.7825 psi
= 213.4027 psi
 = 14.5212 atm

Head untuk MP-02 = 0.0000 psi

= 0.0000 ft lbf/lb

6. Total Head

Total Head = Discharge Head-Suction Head

Discharge Head = 675.0569 ft lbf/lb
Suction Head = 46.4867 ftlbf/lb
Total Head = 628.5701 ft lbf/lb

7. Efesiensi pompa, η

Kapasitas pompa = 96.2311 gal/min

Efesiensi, η = 65.00%

8. Break House Power (BHP)

Ws = 628.5701 ft lbf/lb
(total head)
BHP
mf = 628.9153 lb/min
Ws = 628.5701 ft lbf/ lb
η = 65.00%
BHP = 608180.5966 ft lbf/min
= 18.4225 Hp

8. Requirement Driver (Besarnya Tenaga Pompa)

Efesiensi motor = 80.00% dipilih 80% karena nilai BHP kurang

Motor House Power, MHP = BHP/ efesiensi motor

MHP = 23.0281 Hp

MHP yang digunakan = 24.0000 Hp

Dengan demikian dipilih pompa dengan ketentuan sebagi berikut:

Power = 24.0000 Hp
Jenis = 1.0000
Jumlah = 2.0000 Unit

Spesifikasi Pompa-02
Fungsi Mengalirkan bahan baku Metanol Ke Re
Tipe Centrifugal Pump
Temperatur, oC 30.0000
Densitas, kg/m3 783.1230
Laju alir massa, kg/jam 15,560.2650
Viskositas, cP 0.5130
Tekanan uap, psi 3.1431
Safety Factor 0.1000
Kapasitas pompa, gal/min 96.2311
Volumetric Flowrate, ft3/s 0.2144
Suction
NPS, in 4.0000
SN 80.0000
ID, in 3.8260
OD, in 4.5000
L, m 4.0000
Velocity, ft/s 2.6847
Total friction loss, ft lbf/lb 0.0805
Tekanan operasi (psi) 15.7825
NPSH (ft.lbf/lb) 37.2289
Efisiensi pompa 65.00%
efisiensi motor 80.00%
Required motor driver, HP 24.0000
Jumlah, Unit 2.0000
Bahan Carbon Steel SA 283 Grade C
 DESAIN POMPA 1 (ALIRAN 1)

= 0.0624 lb/ft3
= 0.2388 Btu/lb F
= 0.5782 Btu/ft F
= 0.0001 centipoise (cP)
= 2.4190 lb/ft hr
= 2.2046 lb
= 35.3100 ft^3
= 3.2808 ft
= 12.0000 in
= 1.0000 J/s
= 0.0009 Btu
= 3.4121 Btu
= 0.9478 Btu
= 144.0000 lbf/ft^2
= 0.0193 psi
= 33013.0000 ft lbf/min

= 303.1500 K
= 34,304.4715 lb/jam
= 48.8887 lb/ft^3
= 1.2409 lb/ft jam
= 3.1431 psi = 452.6027
Peters Ed 4, hal 37 tabel 6

= 96.2311 gal/min
= 1.6039 gal/s
ositas 0,02 – 20 cP maka digunakan rumus diameter
mum pipa

3 . 9 . Q 0 . 45 .  0 . 13
(Peter, hal 496) Persamaan 15

s of Steel Pipe diperoleh :

= 0.3333 ft

= 0.3188 ft
= 0.3750 ft
= 13.1234 ft
= 11.4998 in^2

= 0.2778 ft

= 0.2803 ft
= 0.3333 ft
= 32.8084 ft
= 8.8848 in^2

PERHITUNGAN PADA SUCTION

Newtons law conversion factor (Buku syarifudin ismail)

-1, Fanning Friction Factors for Long Straight Pipes.

pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484 Bagian Fitting

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

2  f  ( L  L) V2
H  x
fs D 2gc
Pers. pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484

Keterangan:
f= fanning friction
da Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484 L= length (ft)
V= suction velocity (ft. lbf/lb)

Untuk aliran turbulen

 Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

Tabel II.2, Syarifudin Ismail, AIK

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

V2
H  Kf 
ff 2gc
Pers. II.2, Syarifudin, AIK. Pp. 37

+ 0.0096 ft lbf/lb + 0.0224

= 3.2808 ft
= 0.0000 ft (Reference= tepat dipermukaa
= 3.2808 ft
= 14.6959 psi = 2116.2166
asusmi tidak ada perubahan velocity

Pa  Pb g Va 2  Vb 2
 Za  Zb   Hf
 gc 2 g
Pers Bernouli

PEHITUNGAN PADA DISCHARGE

-1, Fanning Friction Factors for Long Straight Pipes.

pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484 Bagian Fitting

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

2  f  ( L  L) V2
H  x
fs D 2gc
 2  f  ( L  L) V2
H  x
fs D 2gc
Pers. pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484

Keterangan:
f= fanning friction
da Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484 L= length (ft)
V= suction velocity (ft. lbf/lb)

Untuk aliran turbulen

Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

Tabel II.2, Syarifudin Ismail, AIK

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

V2
H  Kf 
ff 2gc
Pers. II.2, Syarifudin, AIK. Pp. 37

+ 0.0160 ft lbf/lb + 0.2064

 = 26.2467 ft
= 0.0000 ft (Reference= tepat dipermukaa
= 26.2467 ft
= 220.4392 psi = 31743.2494

Pa  Pb g Va 2  Vb 2
 Za  Zb   Hf
 gc 2 g

15.5951238434047

er - suction pressure
 Fig. 14-37, Peters 4th Ed pp.520

Pers. 14-10 Peter

0% karena nilai BHP kurang dari 1

Fig. 14-38 Peter, pp. 52
 (1 cadangan)

ompa-02
n bahan baku Metanol Ke Reaktor-01
Centrifugal Pump
30.0000
783.1230
15,560.2650
0.5130
3.1431
0.1000
96.2311
0.2144
Discharge
3.3333
80.0000
3.3640
4.0000
10.0000
3.4749
0.4859
229.1851
37.2289
65.00%
80.00%
24.0000
2.0000
arbon Steel SA 283 Grade C
 Densitas
Komponen
Metanol
Air
BM:
Metanol: 32.0420
Air: 18.0250 Viskositas (Liquid)
Komponen
Metanol
Air

Vapor Pressure
Komponen
Metanol
Air

lbf /ft^2
 Suction>discharge
secara logika agar fluida bisa menga
lebih rendah dari alat sebelumnya. A
artinya tekanan pada discharge ha
tekanan pada suction lebih kecil dar
maka ukuran pipa suction>dis

Penggolongan aliran berdasarkan Bilangan Reyn

 N Re <
N Re =
N Re >

4  f  Le V2
H  x
fs D 2 gc
Ismail, 1999

D= inside diameter (ft)

gc = 32.174 ft. lbf/lb . S
 ft lbf/lb

(Reference= tepat dipermukaan tanah) A

lb/ft^2
T-01
B

P-01
Zb = Zc =
Za = Tinggi Alat Sebelumnya
Zd = Tinggi Alat Setelahnya
 4  f  Le V2
H  x
fs D 2 gc
 4  f  Le V2
H  x
fs D 2 gc
Ismail, 1999

D= inside diameter (ft)

gc = 32.174 ft. lbf/lb . S

ft lbf/lb

Ilustrasi Lingkungan P-02

(Reference= tepat dipermukaan tanah)

lb/ft^2
Fig. 14-38 Peter, pp. 521
 Densitas
A B n Tc (1-(T/Tc))^n ρ (kg/m3)
0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 0.8117 782.6686
0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.8348 1,022.8753

Viskositas (Liquid)
A B C D Log 10 Vis μ (cP)
-9.0562 1254.2 0.0224 -0.000023538 -0.291554579994 0.5110288514
-10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.0000112631 0.0368858817027 1.0886439959

Vapor Pressure
A B C D E Log 10 Pi
45.617 -3244.7 -13.988 0.0066365 -1.0507E-13 2.2121466367
29.8605 -3152.2 -7.3037 2.4247E-09 0.000001809 1.5033125524
 Suction>discharge
ra logika agar fluida bisa mengalir ke dalam pompa maka tekanan di suction
rendah dari alat sebelumnya. Agar fluida bisa mengalir ke alat setelah pompa
tinya tekanan pada discharge harus lebuh besar dari alat sebelumnya maka
anan pada suction lebih kecil dari pada discharge. Berdasarkan rumus P=F/A
maka ukuran pipa suction>discharge agar tekanan suction<discharge

liran berdasarkan Bilangan Reynold

2000.0000 Laminar Flow
2000-4000 Transition Flow
4000.0000 Turbulent Flow
 D

MT-01

T-01 C
B

P-01
Zb = Zc = 0
Za = Tinggi Alat Sebelumnya Sesi Suction
Zd = Tinggi Alat Setelahnya Sesi Discharge
Penggolongan aliran berdasarkan Bilangan Reynold
N Re < 2000.0000 Laminar Flow
N Re = 2000-4000 Transition Flow
N Re > 4000.0000 Turbulent Flow
Ilustrasi Lingkungan P-02
a
c
b d
Kg/Jam Mass Fractiom Kmol/Jam Mol Fraction ρ mix (kg/m3)
15,530.8281 0.9981 484.7022 0.9966 781.1879
29.4369 0.0019 1.6331 0.0034 1.9351
15,560.2650 1.0000 486.3353 1.0000 783.1230

Kg/Jam Mass Fractiom Kmol/Jam Mol Fraction μ mix (cP)

15,530.8281 0.9981 484.7022 0.9966 0.5093
29.4369 0.0019 1.6331 0.0034 0.0037
15,560.2650 1.0000 486.3353 1.0000 0.5130

Pi (mmHg) Kg/Jam Mass Fractiom Kmol/Jam Mol Fraction Pi mix (mmHg)

162.9846246672 15,530.8281 0.9981 484.7022 0.9966 162.43732219264
31.86489944958 29.4369 0.0019 1.6331 0.0034 0.1070023528741
15,560.2650 1.0000 486.3353 1.0000 162.5443
 DES
Fungsi = Mengalirkan solvent ke EDC-01
Tipe = Centrifugal Pump
Bahan Kontruksi = Carbon Steel SA 283 Grade C

Konversi
Densitas = 1.0000 kg/m3
Kapasitas panas = 1.0000 kJ/kg K
Konduktiv. Termal = 1.0000 W / m K
Viskositas = 1.0000 micropoise
1.0000 cP
Satuan Massa = 1.0000 kg
1.0000 m^3
Satuan Panjang = 1.0000 m
1.0000 ft
Satuan Energi = 1.0000 Watt
1.0000 J/s
1.0000 Watt/hr
1.0000 kJ
Tekanan Uap = 1.0000 psi
1.0000 mmHg
1.0000 Hp

Kondisi Operasi
Temperatur, T = 30.0000 C
Flowrate, mf = 53,557.5000 kg/jam
Densitas Fluida, ρ = 887.4580 kg/m^3
Viskositas, μ = 0.3997 cP
Tekanan Uap, P uap = 118.5934 mmHg
Faktor Keamanan (SF) = 0.1000

1. Kapasitas Pompa, Qf
Mass Flowrate, mf = (1+sf) x mf
= 129,881.3292 lb/jam
= 2,164.6888 lb/menit
Volumetric Flowrate, Qf = mf/ρ
Qf = 39.0723 ft3/min
Qf = 0.6512 ft3/s

2. Menentukan ukuran pipa

a. Diameter pipa
Untuk aliran turbulent yang mempunyai range viskositas 0,02 – 20 cP maka dig
dalam optimum pipa
ID opt (pada suction)
Qf = 0.6512 ft3/s

ρ= 55.4021 lb/ft3
3 . 9 . Q 0 . 45
ID optimum = 5.4187 in

Perry Ed 7th, Hal. 10.73, Tabel 10.18, Properties of Steel Pipe diperoleh :
Suction Pipe :
NPS = 4.0000 in
SN = 80.0000
ID = 3.8260 in
OD = 4.5000 in
Ls (Length Suction) = 4.0000 m
Cross Sectional Area (a") = 0.0799 ft^2

Discharge Pipe :
NPS = 3.3333 in
SN = 80.0000
ID = 3.3640 in
OD = 4.0000 in
Ls (Length Suction) = 10.0000 m
Cross Sectional Area (a") = 0.0617 ft^2

PERH
3. Penentuan Suction Friction Loss
Suction Velocy, Vs = Qf/ a" Pers. Kontinuitas
Qf = 0.6512 ft3/s
a" = 0.0799 ft2
Suction Velocy, Vs = 8.1543 ft/s
Suction Velocy, Vs = 29,355.6044 ft/jam

(Vs^2)/(2gc)
Vs = 8.1543 ft/s
gc = 32.1740 ft lb/lbf s
= 1.0333 ft lbf/lb

Reynold Number, N Re = ID Vs ρ / μ
ID = 0.3188 ft
 Vs = 29355.6044 ft/jam
ρ= 55.4021 lb/ft3
μ= 0.9669 lb/ft jam
N Re = 536,278.4381 (Turbulent Flow)

Material yang digunakan untuk konstruksi pipa adalah Commercial Steel Pipe Fig. 14-1, Fanning Friction Factors
Peters, Hal. 482, diperoleh :

Equivalent roughness, ε = 0.0002 ft

D= 0.3188 ft
= 0.0005
D
Dari grafik 14.1. didapatkan Fanning Friction Factor, f:
f= 0.0045

Dari pers (8) Peter, Hal 483. Didapatkan:

0 . 04 = 0.0048

Nre 0 .16

b. skin Friction Loss (Hfs)

Equivalent Lenght dari Fitting dan valve
Elbow 90 std = 32.0000
gate valve = 7.0000
tee = 90.0000

Total Le (Fitting) = 0.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 7.0000

L = L suction + (L fitting x ID)

= 15.3552 ft

Hfs = 0.4479 ft lbf/lb

c. Sudden Contraction Friction Loss (Hfc)

Kc V2 Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

H  
fc 2α gc
Keterangan
Kc = Koefisien Kontraksi
α = 1.0000 Untuk aliran turbulen
 Sehingga:
A1 = 0.0799
A2 = 0.0617
A2/A1 = 0.7726
Jika A2/A1 > 0,715 Pers. pada Tabe

Kc 0.1705

Hfc 0.088117 ft lbf/lb

d. Fitting and Valve Friction Loss ( Hff)

Elbow 90 std = 0.9000

Gate valve = 0.2000
Tee = 1.8000

kf = 0.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 0.2000

Hff = 0.2067 ft lbf/lb

e. Total Suction Friction Loss, Hf Suc

Hf Suct = Hfs+Hfc+Hff
= 0.4479 ft lbf/lb
= 0.7427 ft lbf/lb

f. Suction Head, H suct

Za = 1.0000 m
Zb = 0.0000 m
Static Suction Head, Zc = 1.0000
Origin Pressure = 1.0000 atm
Pressure Head, Hp = Po/ρ
Po = 2116.2166 lb/ft^2
ρ = 55.4021 lb/ft^3
Hp 38.1974 ft lbf/lb

Static Head, Hs
Static Suction, Hs = (g/gc)*(Za-Zb)
Za-Zb = 3.2808 ft
g/gc = 1.0000 lbf/lb

Hs = Zsuc x (g/gc)
= 3.2808 ft lbf/lb

Velocity Head, Hv
Va-Vb = 0.0000 ft/hr
Hv = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb

Head Suction, H suct

H suct, Pb = Hp + Hs + Hvs - Hfsuc

Hp
 = 38.1974 ft lbf/lb
Hs = 3.2808 ft lbf/lb
Hv = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb
Hf suct = 0.7427 ft lbf/lb
H suct = 40.7356 ft lbf/lb

Pb = H suct x ρ
= 40.7356 ft lbf.lb
= 55.4021 lb/ft^3
= 2256.8361 lbf/ft^2
= 15.6725 psi

g. Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)

Vapour Pressure Correction, Hp uap
Hp uap = P uap / ρ
Puap = 330.2219 lbf/ ft^2
ρ = 55.4021 lb/ft^3
Hp uap = 5.9605 ft/lbf lb

Total NPSH = Hsuct - Hp uap

= 34.7751 ft/lbf lb

PEHIT
4. Penentuan Dischargen Friction Loss

a. Discharge Friction Loss

Discharge Velocy, Vd = Qf/ a"
 Qf = 0.6512 ft3/s
a" = 0.0617 ft2
Vd = 10.5544 ft/s
= 37,995.7628 ft/jam

(V^2)/(2gc)
Vd = 10.5544 ft/s
gc = 32.1740 ft lb/lbf s
(V^2)/(2gc) = 1.7311 ft lbf/lb

Reynold Number, N Re = DVρ/μ

D= 0.2803 ft
V= 37,995.7628 ft/jam
ρ= 55.4021 lb/ft3
μ= 0.9669 lb/ft jam
N Re = 610,302.9921 (Turbulent Flow)

Material yang digunakan untuk konstruksi pipa adalah Commercial Steel Pipe Fig. 14-1, Fanning Friction Factors
Peters, Hal. 482, diperoleh :

Equivalent roughness, ε = 0.0002 ft

D= 0.2803 ft
= 0.0005
D
Dari grafik 14.1. didapatkan Fanning Friction Factor, f:
f= 0.0045

Dari pers (8) Peter, Hal 483. Didapatkan:

0 . 04 = 0.0047
Nre 0 .16
b. skin Friction Loss (Hfs)
Equivalent Lenght dari Fitting dan valve
Elbow 90 std = 32.0000
gate valve = 7.0000
tee = 90.0000

Total Le (Fitting) = 1.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 39.0000

L = L suction + (L fitting x ID)

= 43.7414 ft
Hfs = 2.4310 ft lbf/lb

c. Sudden Contraction Friction Loss (Hfe)

Ke V 2 Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

H  x
2
fe
gc

Keterangan
Kc = Koefisien Kontraksi
α = 1.0000 Untuk aliran turbulen
Sehingga:
A1 = 0.0799
A2 = 0.0617
A2/A1 = 0.7726
Jika A2/A1 < 0,715 Pers. pada Tabe

Kc 0.1705

Hfe 0.147621 ft lbf/lb

d. Fitting and Valve Friction Loss ( Hff)

Elbow 90 std = 0.9000

Gate valve = 0.2000
Tee = 1.8000

kf = 1.0000 elbow 90 std+

= 1.1000

Hff = 1.9042 ft lbf/lb

e. Total Discharge Friction Loss, Hf Suc

Hf Discharge = Hfs+Hfe+Hff
= 2.4310 ft lbf/lb
= 4.4829 ft lbf/lb

f. Discharge Head, H disc

Zd = 8.0000 m
Zc = 0.0000 m
Static Discharge Head, Zdisc = 8.0000
Origin Pressure = 3.0000 atm
Pressure Head, Hp = Po/ρ
Po = 6348.6499 lb/ft^2
ρ = 55.4021 lb/ft^3
Hp 114.5922 ft lbf/lb

Discharge Head, Hdis

Static Discharge, Hs = (g/gc)*(Zd-Zc)
Zd-Zc = 26.2467 ft
g/gc = 1.0000 lbf/lb

Hs = Zdisc x (g/gc)
= 26.2467 ft lbf/lb

Velocity Head, Hv
Vc-V = 0.0000 ft/hr
Hv = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb

Head Discharge, H disc


H disc, Pb = Hp + Hs + Hvs - Hf disc

Hp = 114.5922 ft lbf/lb
Hs = 26.2467 ft lbf/lb
Hvs = 0.0000 ft lbf/lb
Hf disc = 4.4829 ft lbf/lb
H disc = 136.3560 ft lbf/lb

Pc = H disc x ρ
= 136.3560 ft lbf.lb
= 55.4021 lb/ft^3
= 7554.4117 lbf/ft^2
= 52.4612 psi

5. Differential Pressure (Total Pump), ΔP

Disfferential Pressure, ΔP
Discharge Pressure
Pressure Drop pada filter
Suction pressure
ΔP
= Discharge Pressure + Pressure drop pada filter - suction pressure
= 52.4612 psi
= 0.0000 psi
= 15.6725 psi
= 36.7887 psi
 = 2.5033 atm

Head untuk MP-02 = 0.0000 psi

= 0.0000 ft lbf/lb

6. Total Head

Total Head = Discharge Head-Suction Head

Discharge Head = 136.3560 ft lbf/lb
Suction Head = 40.7356 ftlbf/lb
Total Head = 95.6204 ft lbf/lb

7. Efesiensi pompa, η

Kapasitas pompa = 292.2812 gal/min

Efesiensi, η = 80.00%

8. Break House Power (BHP)

Ws = 95.6204 ft lbf/lb
(total head)
BHP
mf = 2164.6888 lb/min
Ws = 95.6204 ft lbf/ lb
η = 80.00%
BHP = 258735.6401 ft lbf/min
= 7.8374 Hp

8. Requirement Driver (Besarnya Tenaga Pompa)

Efesiensi motor = 81.00% dipilih 81% karena nilai BHP lebih

Motor House Power, MHP = BHP/ efesiensi motor

MHP = 9.6758 Hp

MHP yang digunakan = 10.0000 Hp

Dengan demikian dipilih pompa dengan ketentuan sebagi berikut:

Power = 10.0000 Hp
Jenis = 1.0000
Jumlah = 2.0000 Unit

Spesifikasi Pompa-02
Fungsi Mengalirkan solvent ke EDC-01
Tipe Centrifugal Pump
Temperatur, oC 30.0000
Densitas, kg/m3 887.4580
Laju alir massa, kg/jam 53,557.5000
Viskositas, cP 0.3997
Tekanan uap, psi 2.2932
Safety Factor 0.1000
Kapasitas pompa, gal/min 292.2812
Volumetric Flowrate, ft3/s 0.6512
Suction
NPS, in 4.0000
SN 80.0000
ID, in 3.8260
OD, in 4.5000
L, m 4.0000
Velocity, ft/s 8.1543
Total friction loss, ft lbf/lb 0.7427
Tekanan operasi (psi) 15.6725
NPSH (ft.lbf/lb) 34.7751
Efisiensi pompa 80.00%
efisiensi motor 81.00%
Required motor driver, HP 10.0000
Jumlah, Unit 2.0000
Bahan Carbon Steel SA 283 Grade C
 DESAIN POMPA 2 (ALIRAN 2)

= 0.0624 lb/ft3
= 0.2388 Btu/lb F
= 0.5782 Btu/ft F
= 0.0001 centipoise (cP)
= 2.4190 lb/ft hr
= 2.2046 lb
= 35.3100 ft^3
= 3.2808 ft
= 12.0000 in
= 1.0000 J/s
= 0.0009 Btu
= 3.4121 Btu
= 0.9478 Btu
= 144.0000 lbf/ft^2
= 0.0193 psi
= 33013.0000 ft lbf/min

= 303.1500 K
= 118,073.9357 lb/jam
= 55.4021 lb/ft^3
= 0.9669 lb/ft jam
= 2.2932 psi = 330.2219
Peters Ed 4, hal 37 tabel 6

= 292.2812 gal/min
= 4.8714 gal/s
ositas 0,02 – 20 cP maka digunakan rumus diameter
mum pipa

3 . 9 . Q 0 . 45 .  0 . 13
(Peter, hal 496) Persamaan 15

s of Steel Pipe diperoleh :

= 0.3333 ft

= 0.3188 ft
= 0.3750 ft
= 13.1234 ft
= 11.4998 in^2

= 0.2778 ft

= 0.2803 ft
= 0.3333 ft
= 32.8084 ft
= 8.8848 in^2

PERHITUNGAN PADA SUCTION

Newtons law conversion factor (Buku syarifudin ismail)

-1, Fanning Friction Factors for Long Straight Pipes.

pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484 Bagian Fitting

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

2  f  ( L  L) V2
H  x
fs D 2gc
Pers. pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484

Keterangan:
f= fanning friction
da Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484 L= length (ft)
V= suction velocity (ft. lbf/lb)

Untuk aliran turbulen

 Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

Tabel II.2, Syarifudin Ismail, AIK

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

V2
H  Kf 
ff 2gc
Pers. II.2, Syarifudin, AIK. Pp. 37

+ 0.0881 ft lbf/lb + 0.2067

= 3.2808 ft
= 0.0000 ft (Reference= tepat dipermuka
= 3.2808 ft
= 14.6959 psi = 2116.2166
asusmi tidak ada perubahan velocity

Pa  Pb g Va 2  Vb 2
 Za  Zb   Hf
 gc 2 g
Pers Bernouli

PEHITUNGAN PADA DISCHARGE

-1, Fanning Friction Factors for Long Straight Pipes.

pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484 Bagian Fitting

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

2  f  ( L  L) V2
H  x
fs D 2gc
 2  f  ( L  L) V2
H  x
fs D 2gc
Pers. pada Tabel 1, Peter, Hal. 484

Keterangan:
f= fanning friction
da Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484 L= length (ft)
V= suction velocity (ft. lbf/lb)

Untuk aliran turbulen

Pers. pada Tabel 14-1, Peter, Hal. 484

Tabel II.2, Syarifudin Ismail, AIK

1.0000 gate valve + 0.0000 tee

V2
H  Kf 
ff 2gc
Pers. II.2, Syarifudin, AIK. Pp. 37

+ 0.1476 ft lbf/lb + 1.9042

 = 26.2467 ft
= 0.0000 ft (Reference= tepat dipermuka
= 26.2467 ft
= 44.0878 psi = 6348.6499

Pa  Pb g Va 2  Vb 2
 Za  Zb   Hf
 gc 2 g

3.56977239291121

er - suction pressure
 Fig. 14-37, Peters 4th Ed pp.520

Pers. 14-10 Peter

81% karena nilai BHP lebih dari 1

Fig. 14-38 Peter, pp. 5
 (1 cadangan)

ompa-02
engalirkan solvent ke EDC-01
Centrifugal Pump
30.0000
887.4580
53,557.5000
0.3997
2.2932
0.1000
292.2812
0.6512
Discharge
3.3333
80.0000
3.3640
4.0000
10.0000
10.5544
4.4829
52.4612
34.7751
80.00%
81.00%
10.0000
2.0000
arbon Steel SA 283 Grade C
 Densitas
Komponen
Metanol
Air
BM: Etil Asetat
Metanol: 32.0420
Air: 18.0250 Viskositas (Liquid)
Etil Asetat: 88.1070 Komponen
Metanol
Air
Etil Asetat

Vapor Pressure
Komponen
Metanol
Air
Etil Asetat

lbf /ft^2
 Suction>discharge
secara logika agar fluida bisa men
lebih rendah dari alat sebelumnya.
artinya tekanan pada discharge
tekanan pada suction lebih kecil d
maka ukuran pipa suction>d

Penggolongan aliran berdasarkan Bilangan Re

 N Re <
N Re =
N Re >

4  f  Le V2
H  x
fs D 2 gc
Ismail, 1999

D= inside diameter (ft)

gc = 32.174 ft. lbf/lb . S
 ft lbf/lb

(Reference= tepat dipermukaan tanah) A

lb/ft^2
T-01
B

P-01
Zb = Zc
Za = Tinggi Alat Sebelumn
Zd = Tinggi Alat Setelahn
 4  f  Le V2
H  x
fs D 2 gc
 4  f  Le V2
H  x
fs D 2 gc
Ismail, 1999

D= inside diameter (ft)

gc = 32.174 ft. lbf/lb . S

ft lbf/lb

Ilustrasi Lingkungan P-02

(Reference= tepat dipermukaan tanah)

lb/ft^2
Fig. 14-38 Peter, pp. 521
 Densitas
A B n Tc (1-(T/Tc))^n ρ (kg/m3)
0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 0.8117 782.6686
0.3471 0.274 0.28571 647.13 0.8348 1,022.8753
0.3065 0.2586 0.278 523.3 0.7861 887.4575

Viskositas (Liquid)
A B C D Log 10 Vis μ (cP)
-9.0562 1254.2 0.0224 -0.000023538 -0.291554579994 0.5110288514
-10.2158 1792.5 0.01773 -0.0000112631 0.0368858817027 1.0886439959
-3.6861 5.52E+02 0.008 -1.04E-05 -3.98E-01 0.3995407645

Vapor Pressure
A B C D E Log 10 Pi
45.617 -3244.7 -13.988 0.0066365 -1.0507E-13 2.2121466367
29.8605 -3152.2 -7.3037 2.4247E-09 0.000001809 1.5033125524
0.6955 -2249.8 5.4643 -0.019451 0.000012362 2.0741091221
 Suction>discharge
ra logika agar fluida bisa mengalir ke dalam pompa maka tekanan di suction
rendah dari alat sebelumnya. Agar fluida bisa mengalir ke alat setelah pompa
tinya tekanan pada discharge harus lebuh besar dari alat sebelumnya maka
anan pada suction lebih kecil dari pada discharge. Berdasarkan rumus P=F/A
maka ukuran pipa suction>discharge agar tekanan suction<discharge

liran berdasarkan Bilangan Reynold

2000.0000 Laminar Flow
2000-4000 Transition Flow
4000.0000 Turbulent Flow
 D

MT-01

T-01 C
B

P-01
Zb = Zc = 0
Za = Tinggi Alat Sebelumnya Sesi Suction
Zd = Tinggi Alat Setelahnya Sesi Discharge
Penggolongan aliran berdasarkan Bilangan Reynold
N Re < 2000.0000 Laminar Flow
N Re = 2000-4000 Transition Flow
N Re > 4000.0000 Turbulent Flow
Ilustrasi Lingkungan P-02
a
b d

c
Kg/Jam Mass Fractiom Kmol/Jam Mol Fraction ρ mix (kg/m3)
3.0578 0.0000571 0.0954 0.0001570 0.0447
2.5586 0.0000478 0.1419 0.0002334 0.0489
53551.88360339 0.9998951 607.8051 0.9996096 887.3644
53,557.5000 1.0000 608.0425 1.0000 887.4580

Kg/Jam Mass Fractiom Kmol/Jam Mol Fraction μ mix (cP)

3.0578 0.0001 0.0954 0.0002 0.0001
2.5586 0.0000 0.1419 0.0002 0.0003
53,551.8836 0.9999 607.8051 0.9996 0.3994
53,557.5000 1.0000 608.0425 1.0000 0.3997

Pi (mmHg) Kg/Jam Mass Fractiom Kmol/Jam Mol Fraction Pi mix (mmHg)

162.9846246672 3.0578 0.0001 0.0954 0.0002 0.0255804526808
31.86489944958 2.5586 0.0000 0.1419 0.0002 0.0074387156327
118.6066725373 53,551.8836 0.9999 607.8051 0.9996 118.56036902105
53,557.5000 1.0000 608.0425 1.0000 118.5934