Cambridge O Level

* 0 0 0 7 2 5 1 0 8 8 *

GEOGRAPHY 2217/22
Paper 2 Geographical Skills October/November 2021

1 hour 30 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

You will need: Insert (enclosed) Plain paper

1:25 000 survey map (enclosed) Protractor
Calculator Ruler

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● If additional space is needed, you should use the lined pages at the end of this booklet; the question
number or numbers must be clearly shown.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● The insert contains additional resources referred to in the questions.

This document has 24 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

DC (SLM) 220800
© UCLES 2021 [Turn over
 2

1 Study the map extract for Pluneret, France. The scale is 1:25 000.

(a) Fig. 1.1 shows some of the features in the south west of the map extract. Study Fig. 1.1 and
the map extract, and answer the questions below.

00 01 02

E
81 81
A

C
F
D
80 80

79 79
00 01 02

Fig. 1.1

Using the map extract, identify the following features shown in Fig. 1.1:

(i) feature A

Railway
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) the type of road at B

D765
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) the height above sea level of the contour at C

25
.................................... metres [1]

(iv) feature D

hospital
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(v) the land use at E.

moor
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 3

(b) Give the six-figure grid reference of the traffic roundabout (circle) at F, shown in Fig. 1.1.
004802
............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Identify two services provided for tourists within 1 km of the centre of Ste-Anne-d’Auray.

1 ................................................
hiking route
campsite
2 ................................................ [2]

(d) Look at the part of the D19 road that runs from the north edge of the map extract to the
junction with the D102 road at Ste-Anne-d’Auray (032834).

(i) What is the distance along this section of road? Tick (3) one box below.

tick (3)
2250 metres
2450 metres
2650 metres TICK
2850 metres
[1]

(ii) What is the compass direction from the point where the D19 road meets the north edge
of the map to the junction with the D102 road at Ste-Anne-d’Auray?
south east
............................................... [1]

(iii) Measure the bearing from the point where the D19 road meets the north edge of the
map to the junction with the D102 road at Ste-Anne-d’Auray.
127-130
.................................. degrees [1]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 4

(e) Fig. 1.2 is a cross-section along northing 82 from 000820 to 020820.

X Y
50 50
40 40
metres above 30 30 metres above
sea level sea level
20 20
10 10
0 0
000820 020820

Fig. 1.2

(i) Identify the feature at X.

road
............................................... [1]

(ii) Identify the feature at Y.

river
............................................... [1]

(iii) The cross-section shown on Fig. 1.2 is incomplete. Using information from the map
extract, draw a line on Fig. 1.2 to complete the cross-section. [1]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 5

(f) Look at the main river which crosses the map extract and passes through the town of Pluneret.

Describe the physical (natural) features of the river and its valley. Do not refer to land use
beside the river.

River
lake
...................................................................................................................................................
flows south
...................................................................................................................................................
island
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Valley
steep
...................................................................................................................................................
flat
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
v-shaped

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [6]

[Total: 20]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 6

2 (a) Table 2.1 gives information about the population of the nine provinces of South Africa.

Which type of graph would be most suitable to show the information about population in
Table 2.1?
bar
.................................................. [1]

Table 2.1

% of South Africa’s
province
population
Eastern Cape (EC) 14.6
Free State (FS) 6.2
Gauteng (GP) 20.1
KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) 20.9
Limpopo (LP) 11.3
Mpumalanga (MP) 7.4
Northern Cape (NC) 2.3
North West (NW) 7.1
Western Cape (WC) 10.1
Total 100.0

(b) Table 2.2 gives information about estimates of migration between the provinces from 2016 to
2021.

Table 2.2

province in-migrants out-migrants net migration

Eastern Cape (EC) 191 435 515 648 –324 213
Free State (FS) 147 246 160 107 –12 861
Gauteng (GP) 1 595 106 544 875 1 050 231
KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) 307 123 360 830 –53 707
Limpopo (LP) 278 847 417 453 –138 606
Mpumalanga (MP) 285 678 212 271 73 407
Northern Cape (NC) 82 502 76 832
North West (NW) 317 261 207 662 109 599
Western Cape (WC) 485 560 175 831 309 729

(i) Which one of the nine provinces has the largest number of people arriving and the
largest number of people leaving?
Gauteng
............................................... [1]

(ii) Calculate the net migration of Northern Cape province.

5670
............................................... [1]
© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21
 7

(c) Fig. 2.1 shows the location of the nine provinces and their GDP per capita. GDP is a measure
of wealth.

Key
GDP (US $ per capita) province boundary
>10 000 international boundary
8001–10 000
6001–8000 LP
4001–6000
0–4000
GP MP
NW

FS KZN
NC

N sea
EC
sea
WC 0 200
km

Fig. 2.1

Describe the distribution of the provinces with a GDP per capita between US$ 0 and 6000.
in east
...................................................................................................................................................
in north
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) Using Table 2.2 and Fig. 2.1, describe the link between net migration and GDP per capita in
South Africa.

...................................................................................................................................................
poor
...................................................................................................................................................
low
...................................................................................................................................................
GDP provinces lose population
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 8]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 8

3 Urbanisation is the increase in the percentage of the population living in towns and cities. Fig. 3.1
shows urbanisation in 2006 and in 2017 in countries with different incomes.

100

90 Key

2006
80
2017
70

60
urban
population 50
(%)
40

30

20

10

0
low income middle income high income

countries

Fig. 3.1

(a) Describe the changes in the urban population shown in Fig. 3.1. Do not use statistics in your
answer.

...................................................................................................................................................
high income country lowest
...................................................................................................................................................
middle income country large
...................................................................................................................................................
low income country largest
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 9

(b) Urbanisation can lead to urban sprawl and rapid development in the rural-urban fringe.
Figs. 3.2 and 3.3 (Insert) show parts of the rural-urban fringe of an urban area in Africa.

Give evidence from Figs. 3.2 and 3.3 which shows that urban sprawl is taking place.

Fig. 3.2
construction
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
unused areas
sports ground
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Fig. 3.3
shanty
...................................................................................................................................................
unplanned
...................................................................................................................................................
unstable houses
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]

[Total: 8]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 10

4 Australia’s biggest earthquake was at the city of Newcastle in 1989. It measured 5.6 on the Richter
scale and killed 13 people.

(a) Fig. 4.1 and Table 4.1 give information about the intensity (strength) of the earthquake and its
effects.

N 2
3
4
3 4 4

2 3
3 5
4 8

4 Newcastle
7E
6
4 Sydney
5

3 4 4
3
2 3 Tasman
Sea

3
2
Key
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 earthquake intensities
line of equal intensity
0 250
km

Fig. 4.1

Table 4.1

intensity value description of effects

1 Not normally felt. Birds and animals uneasy.
2 Felt only by a few people at rest.
3 Vibrations like a large truck passing. Felt by people at rest.
4 Felt indoors by many. Cars rock.
5 Sleepers wakened. Some windows broken.
6 Small bells ring. Trees sway. Loose objects fall.
7 Difficult to stand up. People run outdoors. Walls crack.
8 Partial collapse of buildings. Chimneys fall.

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 11

(i) On Fig. 4.1, label the position of the epicentre with the letter E. [1]

(ii) On Fig. 4.1, draw the missing line of equal intensity. [1]

(iii) Using Fig. 4.1 and Table 4.1, describe the effects of the earthquake in Australia’s largest
city, Sydney.
trees sway
...........................................................................................................................................
windows broken
...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 12

(b) Fig. 4.2 shows the world distribution of earthquakes. Fig. 4.3 shows plate boundaries and the
location of Newcastle.

Using Figs. 4.2 and 4.3, what is unusual about the position of the Newcastle earthquake?

...................................................................................................................................................
its not on plate boundary
............................................................................................................................................. [1]

Key
earthquake epicentre

Fig. 4.2

Newcastle

Key
plate boundary

Fig. 4.3

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 13

(c) Explain why many earthquakes occur at destructive (convergent) plate boundaries.

...................................................................................................................................................
compression
...................................................................................................................................................
pressure
...................................................................................................................................................
friction
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 8]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 14

5 Fig. 5.1 shows part of a weather station.

Fig. 5.1

(a) Name the box shown in Fig. 5.1.

.............................................................................................................................................
stevenson screen [1]

(b) Explain why the box shown in Fig. 5.1:

(i) is painted white

...........................................................................................................................................
reflect heat

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) has louvres (slats) in the sides

air circulation
...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) is on legs 1.25 m above the ground.

to avoid ground heat
...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 15

(c) Fig. 5.2 shows one of the instruments kept inside the box shown in Fig. 5.1.

°C °C
–25 40
–20 35
–15 30
–10 25
–5 20
0 15
5 10
10 5
15 0
20 –5
25 –10
30 –15
35 –20
40 –25

Fig. 5.2

On Fig. 5.2, use labelled arrows to show the position of:

(i) alcohol [1]

(ii) mercury. [1]

(d) (i) What was the maximum temperature since the instrument shown in Fig. 5.2 was re-set?
30
............................................... [1]

(ii) What was the range of temperature since the instrument was re-set?

20
............................................... [1]

[Total: 8]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 16

6 Fig. 6.1 (Insert) shows the north and south of Italy. Figs. 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 give information about
wealth, industry and life expectancy in Italy.

The north of Italy is more developed than the south.

(a) Give evidence for and against this statement using Figs. 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4.

GDP per capita (wealth production)

Key
GDP per capita (euros)
>35 000
30 001–35 000
25 001–30 000
sea 20 001–25 000
0–20 000
international boundary
sea

sea N

0 300
sea
km

Fig. 6.2

GDP per capita (wealth production)

..........................................................................................................................................................
north high/rich(er,est)/south low/poor(er,est),
south: allow any figure 25 000 or below,
north: allow any figure above 25 000, (20 000 doesn’t spoil)
..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 17

Industry

Key

industrial centre
international boundary

sea

sea

sea N

0 300
sea
km

Fig. 6.3

Industry

..........................................................................................................................................................
Fig. 6.3
..........................................................................................................................................................
more/many in north/fewer in south,
few in south,
..........................................................................................................................................................
7 in south/17 in north,
south all coastal,
..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21 [Turn over

 18

Life expectancy

Key
life expectancy (years)
>77.1
76.5 – 77.1
75.9 – 76.4
sea 75.2 – 75.8
<75.2
international boundary
sea

sea N

0 300
sea
km

Fig. 6.4

Life expectancy

..........................................................................................................................................................
Fig. 6.4
..........................................................................................................................................................
no clear correlation with north-south,
high(er,est)/low(er,est) areas in both north and south,
..........................................................................................................................................................
differences between north and south are small/all/both 75 – 77,
..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [6]

(b) Suggest two factors that can cause differences in development between the regions of a
country.
food supply,
1 .................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

2 .................................................................................................................................................
medical facilities,

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 8]

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 19

Additional Pages

If you use the following lined pages to complete the answer(s) to any question(s), the question
number(s) must be clearly shown.

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21
 20

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21
 21

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 22

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 23

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21

 24

BLANK PAGE

The boundaries and names shown, the designations used and the presentation of material on any maps contained in this question paper/insert do not imply
official endorsement or acceptance by Cambridge Assessment International Education concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area or any of its
authorities, or of the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2021 2217/22/O/N/21