FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

DIPLOMA IN QUANTITY SURVEYING (AP114)

AP1144G

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGYV (DQS 352)

ASSIGNMENT 1: CASE STUDY REPORT

(FENCING AND GATE)

PREPARED FOR: MADAM EDELIN BINTI HUSSEIN

PREPARED BY:

NAME MATRIK NO
SITI AYNI BINTI AZMI 2018672096
SA’IDATUL SALAMAH BINTI MOHD HASHIM 2018681874
NURUL FARHANNI BINTI MOHD ZAIDI 2018282476
NUR FATIN FIRZANAH BINTI MOHD NASERI 2018235702
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION 2

2.0 FINDING AND DISCUSSION 3

2.1 TYPES AND SELECTION 3

2.2 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION 4-10
2.3 METHOD OF STATEMENT 11
2.4 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND SOLUTION 13-15
2.5 RECOMMENDATION 16
2.6 ADVANTAGES 17-18
2.7 DISADVANTAGES 19

3.0 CONCLUSION 20

4.0 REFFERENCES 21
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamualaikum WBT,

First of all, we would like to thank ALLAH S.W.T and HIS messenger, Prophet
Muhammad S.A.W. It is because of HIS blessing, it was possible for us to finish this report.
We had finally managed to finish this group project with great enthusiasm and determination.
All the time spent to search and discuss ideas as well as justifying theoretical clues to drive
the output were worth our effort and time. Insya-Allah.

The highest appreciation and gratefulness to all parties involved directly and
indirectly to enable this investigation to be completed perfectly and for all the advice,
encouragement, assistance and concern during the completion of this paper especially our
Construction Economics V lecturer, Madam Edelin binti Hussein . Not forgetting mothers and
fathers who always pray for the success of their children here in the face of all the
allegations and obstacles. Prayers gave us a bit of encouragement to us in pursuing future
ambitions. Their support and prayers are always accompanying our struggles here.

We hope our report is complete and will be received with open arms. We had used
our effort and acknowledgement in search of information and ideas. We really hope our
effort was worth it.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

A chain link fencing and gates also referred to as wire netting, wire-mesh
fence, chain-wire fence, cyclone fence, hurricane fence, or diamond-mesh fence is a
type of woven fence usually made from galvanized or LLDPE coated steel wire. The
wires run vertically and are bent into a zig-zag pattern so that each zig hooks with the
wire immediately on one side and each zag with the wire immediately on the other.
This forms the characteristic diamond pattern seen in this type of fence. Chain Link
Fence is also called Cyclone Fence or Diamond Mesh Fence. As a versatile Fence,
Chain link Fences are the fastest and most cost effective fence products on the
market today. Using the woven steel wire to make the panel, it is widely used in
everywhere. Due to the different applications, it is available in various wire gauges
and mesh sizes. All Link Chain Link Fence rolls are completed with line wires and
knuckled edges. What’s more, the Chain Link Fence with barbed edges is more
popular and has higher security.

For this report, we choose proposed construction of new chain link fencing at
Kuching power station. Sarawak Energy is wholly-owned by the State Government of
Sarawak and is responsible for the generation, transmission and distribution of
electricity to industrial and residential customers within Sarawak. Sarawak Energy
has a proud history of more than 70 years of service to the Sarawak community and
now provides electricity to more than 500,000 account holder.

In recent years, Sarawak Energy has made strong progress on an exciting

transformation journey, focused on harnessing the state’s abundant energy
resources in hydropower, natural gas and coal to create new opportunities for the
Sarawak Community. With firm plans for further rapid growth, Sarawak Energy is on
track to become the leading producer of renewable energy in South East Asia.
By supporting the State Government’s Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy or
SCORE program, Sarawak Energy is helping our community reach the goal of
becoming a high-income state by 2020.

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2.0 FINDING AND DISCUSSION

2.1 TYPES AND SELECTION

A fencing system mainly aims to create a boundary, a restriction against

intruders, burglars, and stray animals. Security fences prioritize on privacy, safety,
and protection. There are a wide variety of fences available these days that may suit
your goal of increasing the level of security. Some fences seem quite stylish while
others are just plain ones. A common and one of the most popular types of fencing is
chain link with barbed wire fencing. Chain link fence is one type weaving fence and
can be used as galvanized chain link fabric, PVC coated iron chain wire fence and
stainless-steel chain-link fence. Chain link fencing can forbid climbing and popular as
security fence nowadays. It can be found in many fields, such as prison, highway,
zoo, parks, personal house and others.
Barbed wire as highly physical obstacle for intruders and wildlife is often used
together with chain link fence. As security fences, barbed wire-chain link fence is a
perfect choosing. Barbed wire in the above of chain fencing provides greater security.
It is ideal for warehouses, construction sites, closed areas, airports, oil terminals,
parking lots and other land to which entrance is strictly limited. In a barbed wire
fence, wires are twisted together making a cord with barbs that project from the fence
at short distances of 5 or even 6 inches. This type of fencing system helps keep
discouraging animals at bay that would otherwise find a way through your fence.
As for the coating, this type of fencing is using galvanised coating.
Galvanising is the application of a zinc coating to steel products. For anti-climb
fencing, this means that every section of the steel has been coated with zinc to
create steel which is significantly protected from the elements and resistant to
damage during transportation, erection and use of the fencing, any of which could
generally result in oxidation or corrosion of the steel. Galvanised coatings offer
barrier protection to any areas which do become damaged as the zinc coating itself
harnesses any corrosion, keeping the steel beneath protected until the zinc coating
has been completely disappeared

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2.2 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION (CHAIN-LINK FENCE with BARBED WIRE)

Preparing for a Chain-link Fence

Mark the fence post holes

dig the post holes

Install the posts

Install the post hardware

Hang the fence fabric

Attach the gate

Install barbed wire

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1. Preparing for a Chain-link Fence

 mark the property line and renting a truck to transport fence materials to
project places because it is heavy and bulky
 note the post locations and gate locations using graph paper to draw a plan
for the fence. This plan is required to approved building permit.

2. Mark the Fence Layout

 Mark the layout using string and batter boards. Place the batter boards where
the fence corners will be located and tie the string to it. 

 To square the corners, measure three feet along one string and four feet
along the adjacent string.

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  Mark the posts and spacing with stakes and typical spacing is between 6 and
10 feet on centre
 Check the manufacturer’s directions for post spacing. Mark the holes about
half the width of the post away from the layout lines. Then, mark your lines on
the batter boards with a pencil and untie them to dig the holes.

3. Dig the Post Holes

 Mark the layout string locations on the batter boards and remove the strings.

 Dig the holes for terminal posts (end, gate and corner posts) 
 Using power auger more easy and can save time
 Reattach your layout lines to the batter boards.

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 4. Install the Posts

 Set the terminal posts first. They’ll be the height of the chain-link fabric and
also three row barbed wire under the chain-link fabric plus two inches.

 Add concrete mix to the post holes.

 Then use a post level to make sure each post is plumb, then hold it in place
with braces.
 Let the concrete dry. After it has dried, remove the braces and fill in the rest of
the hole with dirt.

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5. Install the Post Hardware

 When installing the hardware, leave it loose at first. You’ll tighten the nuts and
bolts after the fabric is installed

 Add tension bands in each direction for corner posts, and alternate the cups
of the brace bands with one up and one down.

6. Install the Fence Rails

 Attach the offset loop post tops to the line posts with the offset toward the
outside.

 Run tension wire along the bottom of the fabric, about 2 inches from the
ground and on the same side.

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7. Hang the Fence Fabric

 Spread the fabric lay firmly on the ground and tie a tension bar through the
first row of diamonds.

 Use the tension bands and carriage bolts to secure the tension bar to the
terminal post.
 Just past your end post, the fabric should extend. Open the loops at the top
and bottom of a fabric strand, then twist it out to cut any excess fabric at the
end.
 Attach the fabric to the very last post. Add a tension bar about 3 feet from the
fabric's end. Attach a come-along to the terminal pole using a temporary
tension band. Link the tension bar with a stretcher bar, then attach the come-
along and tighten the fabric. When you can stretch the diamonds just a tiny
bit, the fabric is tight enough.
 Pull the extra fabric to the terminal post and tie a tension bar through it and
the post's tension bands. Bolts should be tightened. Remove the temporary
bar and the come-along.

 Use fence ties to secure the fabric to the posts every 12 inches and every 24
inches along the top rail. Use wire clips to fasten the fence to the tension wire
along the bottom.

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8. Attach the Gate

 Put the gate hinges to the posts about 8 inches from the top and bottom. 
 Loosely install the frame hinges to the gate.

 Place the latch on the gate at a convenient height and fasten it with nuts and
bolts.

9. Install barbed wire

 Attach the barbed wire extension rod to the chain fence’s existing corner rod.
 Locate the clamps on the barbed wire post; each post has three. Attach a
piece of wire mesh to one of the clamps and wrap it around the post.
 Attach the barbed wire to the corner post next to it. Attach the wire mesh filter
to the barbed wire mesh and tighten until it is secure, then clap the wire mesh
to the next post.
 Attach the barbed wire to the first corner post with the provided clip, then cut
off the excess after it has been tightened and secured.
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 2.3 METHOD STATEMENT
Operation Operation Method & Plant Personal Equipment
No. sequence

1 CHAIN LINK 1) Preparing for a i) Auger Supervisor: Tools:

FENCE Chain-link ii) Post level 1 person i) Stakes
INSTALLATION fence. iii) Standard ii) Sledge Hammer
2) Mark the fence Post Hole Technician: iii) Masonry String
post holes. Digger 2 people iv) Upside D
3) Dig the post iv) Truck Marking Paint
holes. Quality Control: v) Tape Measure
4) Install the post. 1 person vi) Shovel
5) Install the post vii) Wheelbarrow
hardware. viii) Pointing Trowel
6) Hang the fence Labour: ix) String and b
fabric. 4 people boards
7) Attach the gate. x) Pencil

Safety Equipment:

i) Safety Helmet
ii) Leather Gloves/
Leather
iii) Steel toe-cap
Safety Shoes
iv) Respirator/Dust
Mask
v) Goggles/face
Shield/Safety
Glasses
vi) Ear Plugs/ Ear M
vii) Apron/Protection
Clothing
viii) Safety Belts

Materials:
i) Diamond mesh
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 coated chain
fence
ii) Barbed Wire
iii) Painted mild
angle post
iv) Strand galvan
straining wire
v) Concrete mixed
vi) Nuts and bolts

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 2.4 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND SOLUTION

Fence is an important part of landscaping. It is helps to maintain privacy, keeps

animals contained and for safety. It is also and adds to the overall beauty of the
property. But sometimes, fences start to lean which is degrades the appearance of
the property and may be dangerous to playing nearby. High winds, adverse soil
conditions, impact damage, and weakened fence posts can be one of the cause
these types of problems. If high winds have caused the fence to lean, it is might be
able to repair it by returning the fence posts to their original positions. There is the
problems encountered and solution for chain link fencing.

1. Leaning Fences Posts and Fallen Panels

The cause of leaning fence is shallow fence posts. A lazy installation could result in a
leaning fence if the post holes are not dug to deep enough. The taller the fence, the
deeper the posts must be. For instance, a 3 foot tall fence it is should extend 18
inches into the ground meanwhile the 7 foot tall fence is needs post holes dug into 42
inches deep.

The solution for this problem is remove the leaning fence posts. Dig out the defective
posts and remove the old cement footing. Then, secure the fence so it is can stands
straight. Next, pour a new cement footing in the posthole and insert the new post.
Slope the surface of the cement to ensure the water drains away from the post.
Other than that, call a landscape professional to address soil issues, such as
erosion. Choose the company with the drainage system or grading experience to
solve the overall drainage problem and prevent issues like this from happening in the
future. For chain-link fences, replace the affected panels. Assess weakened fence
posts for damage to determine if repair is possible, and use splints or braces to
reinforce a damaged fence post.

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2. Drooping Chain Link Fencing

Next the problem encountered for chain link fencing is it can droop or sag after time
and wear and tear. One of the things that often causes a chain link fence to sag
prematurely is broken or stretched tension wires at the top and bottom of the fence
and loose posts due to cracked concrete or installation without concrete to anchor
them. So that the fence become droop. Then, because of time can also take its toll
on a chain link fence naturally

The solution for this problem is fixing tension wire problems. Fixing tension wire
problems tension wires are run along the top and bottom of the chain link to add extra
strength against animals or people trying to push under the fence or lean it down so it
is easier to jump over. So that with enough wear and tear, these wires can either
stretch out or break together.
Next, the procedure to fixing tension wire problems is remove all the existing
tension wire from the fence, then run the new wire along the bottom or top of the
fence line without weaving it in. Attach that to the first post with a rail band or by
wrapping that around by hand, then stretch the wire along to the next post and use
the come along to crank tension into it. Attach it to the brace band on that post with a
bolt once you reach the desired tension, then continue the process until the entire
fence is completed.

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3. Rust, corrosion, and rot

Corrosion is a general term that refers to the deterioration of metals due to

chemical reactions between the metal and compounds or elements in its
surroundings. There are many different types of corrosion. Pitting occurs when small
holes form in the surface of the metal. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two metals
are immersed in a salty liquid, causing molecules to be drawn from one metal to the
other. Rust formation is yet another type of corrosion. This is commonly happen to
chain link fencing because of their material is steel.

The solution for this problem is buff out as much rust and prime the fence and
paint it. Remove loose peeling paint using a wire brush and then scrub away at
remaining rust and old paint. Next, go over the entire fence with a coarse-grit
sandpaper, paying special attention to the worst areas. Once all of the rust appears
to be gone, go over the fence with a medium-grit to remove anything that remains
and to ensure the surface is nice and smooth. Next, use steel wool to buff the entire
surface of the fence, working in a circular motion. Rinse the fence with water to
remove all dust and debris.

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2.5 RECOMMENDATION

A fence constructed in such a way so that more than 20% of the surface area
of the fence obstructs a view through the fence from a position perpendicular to the
fence. Gate: A movable frame or solid structure which swings, slides, or rolls. The
grounding system is the most important part of the fence. As long as excellent the
installation of ground rods is acquired, an anti-climb fencing may be considered. Anti-
climb fencing may be a welded wire mesh fencing that mixes a clean, rectangular
pattern with high-level security. The panels are designed to stop an intruder (or
someone inside the fence) from climbing or scaling the fence. Many varieties of anti-
climb fencing also are designed to discourage cutting also . Anti-climb fencing can
get in various heights and gauges to fit everything needs and security preferences.
Besides, because safety may be a concern, a geologist with a background in
soils and hydrology should evaluate the scenario to ascertain if there are any
additional concerns to address, like unstable geology, soils, or river erosion or
stability. Activities and circumstances in the watershed may also be taken into
account. . It is not appropriate to prescribe tactics when lives and property are at
stake without a complete grasp of the situation, despite the fact that this occurs much
too frequently. Before construct, it's a good idea to check into this first, consider all
the alternatives, and analysis
It is important to recognize the importance of anti-climb fencing as one of
many high security fences. When brooding about high security fences, tons of
individuals automatically considered barbed wire only. However, this type of fencing
is innovative in design straightforward, inexpensive, and providing a secure perimeter
for any facility. Anti-climb fences are useful for business places that work of a
sensitive nature and have to stay it private. This commercial fencing can add another
layer of defense which will be utilized in combination with security codes and
cameras against possible criminals. Anti-climb fencing is far safer than common
chain link fence. It also features a more rigid double vertical wire welding structure,
making it far more difficult to cross. When combined with a fence topper of barbed
wire or razor wire, tooth spikes, or security fence spikes, anti-climb fencing is the
hottest choice among high-security clientele like prisons, utility facilities, government
offices, and military properties.

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2.6 ADVANTAGES

Chain link fence is typically anywhere from three to twelve feet high,
but it can be found in taller versions if necessary. You will find that it is ideal
for enclosing a backyard while creating well defined property lines, keeping
playgrounds safe, or protecting empty lots. Because it is a strong and durable
type of fence. There is a lot of the advantages of chain link fences with barbed
wire, one of them is the durability of the chain link fence with barbed wire.

Chain link fences are among the most durable type of fencing
available. The woven design provides added strength, and it is highly
adaptable to many uses. It is perfect for keeping pets and young children
safely in your own yard. It can also provide protection around sports fields as
well as help keep areas clean by catching debris that would otherwise blow
in.We can also create a stronger chain-link fence for your property by using
thicker fabric (mesh), larger top rail, adding bottom rail, or tension wire, and
even installing thicker posts.

Chain-link fencing is galvanized, making it highly resistant to rusting.

Black and green chain-link fences are vinyl coated, adding increased strength
and beauty. A chain-link fence will stand strong day after day, no matter the
environmental stresses you encounter on a frequent basis. Unlike wood
fences, it would not rot, and the stainless-steel construction never needs
painting to preserve its strength. Another plus when it comes to a metal chain
link fence is that it is pest resistant. Termites or other small insects would
never destroy your fence’s basic structure.

Next, when compared to other fence materials, chain link is among the
least expensive to install. Barbed wire and razor ribbon fencing are
inexpensive to install and offer great protection. Barbed wire fencing is widely
used by homeowners because of their lower cost and reliable protection.
Chain-link fencing is possibly the most cost-efficient material available on the
market today. Even when dressed up with a colour, it remains a bargain
compared to other fence materials and other security solutions. Chain link
fences never need to be painted. The stainless-steel design resists rust, and
the diamond pattern rarely needs cleaning.

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 Other than that, chain link fence also has variety that available, this fencing
can be customized for a variety of applications. Most people do not realize the variety
of chain link fence available. The traditional silver is the most commonly used and we
offer both a galvanized and aluminized version. There is also variety of colour
coatings to choose and also couple of options when it comes to an entrance. There
will be swing gates and sliding entrance for the space that limited. The gates also
have manual and automatic design.

Chain link fence with barbed wire is highly versatile. It is widely used in a
variety of sectors such as residential, commercial, industrial, agriculture,
transportation, sports, leisure, play areas, building, homes, etc. This fencing system
provides a great level of privacy and safety for a long time. According to the demand,
barbed wire fence can be designed to protect a residence, a commercial property,
some land, hospital, etc. Commercial property owners mostly use this type of fence
to minimize the risk of unauthorized entry and robbery during late hours.

In addition, a chain link fence completely made out with barbed wire rolled on
top can create quite the barrier. Barbed wire is often seen topping chain-linked
fences, but it can also be used atop cement walls and in other applications. The other
great news is that barbed wire and razor ribbon fences can be moved, reused or
even recycled as necessary. These incredibly versatile security options can be a part
of any security plan, playing an important role in keeping intruders out.

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2.7 DISADVANTAGES

While there are advantages to the chain link fence with barbed wire, there are
also disadvantages of it. Among the disadvantages is, for instance, chain link does
not offer a lot of privacy. Chain-link fences are not considered privacy fences
because they do not offer the solid wall of protection. This is because chain link fence
with barbed wire would not keep prying eyes away and it gives a good view of the
outside world, but it also let the world look through the fence. There is an option for
putting slats in the chain link to improve privacy, but that is not often used.

Next, chain link fence with barbed wire has minimal property value. Having a
chain link fence with a barbed wire is better than having no fence at all, but a chain-
link fence is not going to do much for the property value. While chain link fencing can
be built tall, and barbed wire added to the top for security, that is typically done only
in industrial and manufacturing settings. Additionally, when topped with barbed wire,
chain-link fences may mislead the people by making your property look hazardous.

Other than that, Chain-link fencing is not ideal for security. Most residential
chain-link fences are 4-5 feet tall, and the chains themselves make the fence fairly
easy to climb on. The climbing issue can be a concern for folks with uncommonly
talented or overzealous dogs. The main pitfall of chain-link fencing is its ability to be
traversed. Anyone can cut the wire with bolt cutters or pliers, jump over the fence or
climb it using the footholds in the weave of the chain. When a chain-link fence fails to
deter a trespasser, it’s up to additional security measures like security guards, video
cameras, or alarm systems to detect and delay the breach. Also, without other
security measures, you risk your highly visible property behind the chain-link fence
becoming especially tempting to thieves.

Lastly, chain link fences can be coated to give the fence colour and slats can
be added for privacy but some people just don’t think they look good. Especially if
they are not maintained because if they are not treated, they can rust. Without vinyl
coating or California style construction, and given its popularity and use at industrial
sites, chain link is considered a generic, more pedestrian fence design. Even with
galvanization, chain link fencing and fence posts can be scratched. Additionally,
chain link does not have in a lot of creative designs that it can look outdated. The
design has stayed relatively the same since American manufacturers first mass-
produced chain-link in the late 19th century.

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3.0 CONCLUSION

We had briefing about the topic we choose which is Fencing and Gate. We also
explained this type of fencing and gate in this report to provide a better environment that is
safety and be more comfortable to people. Hence, reduce the numbers of tragedies from
occurring in the near future. Moreover every factors is need to consider when choosing the
type of fencing and gate.

Besides, through this assignment our group manage to analysis, identify and make
an observation based on the case study project we choose which Proposed Construction of
New Chain Link Fencing at Kuching Power Station. We have use our knowledge that we
have learn in Construction of Technology V (DQS 352) and apply it in our report. We have
understood that every factors are very important thing to consider in every construction
project, its advantages and disadvantages. The current study shows that the Chain link
Fences are the fastest and most cost effective fence products on the market today

Last but not least, we believe that these factors have direct effect on production
performance on site and the performance of the construction project itself and consideration
must be make when it comes to choose the types of fencing and gates. Also this project
discusses the recommendation can use other than chain-link fence. So through this report
we were able understand and know more abount the types, uses, the ability of the fence for
people

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4.0 REFFERENCES

https://www.floridastatefence.com/2019/11/12/7-diy-fence-disasters-that-prove-you-
need-a-professional-fencing-contractor/

https://www.bestpickreports.com/blog/post/6-common-fence-problems/

https://www.westgeorgiafence.com/common-fencing-issues-you-may-face

https://www.fencesnewportnews.com/blog/advantages-anti-climb-fence/

https://www.safesitefacilities.co.uk/knowledge-base/what-makes-anti-climb-fencing-a-
good-security-choice

https://unitedfencecompany.com/commercial-fencing/anti-climb-fencing/

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