SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

BETWEEN THE PATTERNS OF EATING

IN BRITAIN AND THAT IN
BANGLADESH
Both Britain and Bangladesh have unique patterns of eating,
but there are also some similarities and differences between
the two. In terms of similarities, both countries tend to have
three main meals per day: breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Additionally, staple foods such as rice and bread are central to
the diet in both places. However, there are significant
differences in the types of foods consumed. For example, in
Britain, traditional dishes include fish and chips, roast beef
and Yorkshire pudding, and shepherd's pie, while in
Bangladesh, popular dishes include rice, vegetables, and
various types of fish and meat curries. Another difference is
the use of spices; while British cuisine is often mild,
Bangladeshi cuisine is known for its use of strong spices such
as cumin, coriander, and turmeric. Furthermore, while a
British breakfast might include eggs, bacon, and beans, a
Bangladeshi breakfast often consists of paratha (a type of
flatbread) with vegetable curry, or rice pudding. In terms of
dining customs, in Bangladesh, it is common to eat with your
hands, while in Britain, utensils such as knives, forks, and
spoons are used. Despite these differences, both Britain and
Bangladesh have rich food cultures that are integral to their
respective identities.
 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
BANGLADESHI AND WESTERN MUSIC
Bangladeshi and Western music differ greatly in terms of their
musical traditions, instruments, scales, harmonies, and
rhythms. Bangladeshi music is primarily based on classical
Indian and Persian musical forms, and is characterised by the
use of microtones and a range of intricate and diverse musical
scales. Western music, on the other hand, is typically based
on the Western classical tradition and is characterised by the
use of standardised musical scales and an emphasis on
harmony and melody. In terms of instruments, Bangladeshi
music is often performed using traditional instruments such as
the sitar, tabla, and sarod, while Western music is usually
performed using instruments such as the piano, guitar, and
violin. In terms of performance, Bangladeshi music is often
performed in a group setting, with each musician playing a
specific role, while Western music is often performed by
individuals or small groups of musicians. Furthermore,
Bangladeshi music often incorporates the use of improvisation
and call-and-response techniques, while Western music relies
more heavily on written compositions and structured
arrangements. Despite these differences, both Bangladeshi
and Western music have a rich and diverse musical heritage,
and each offers a unique and captivating listening experience.
EATING HABIT OF RURAL AND URBAN
PEOPLE IN BANGLADESH
In Bangladesh, the eating habits of rural and urban people in
Bangladesh vary significantly due to differences in lifestyle,
culture, and economic status. Rural people mainly depend on
traditional foods such as rice, lentils, vegetables, and fish,
which are locally grown and produced. They have a simple
and healthier diet as they consume less processed foods and
rely more on fresh and organic products. On the other hand,
the urban population has more exposure to various types of
foods and their diet is more diverse. They tend to eat more
fast food, processed foods, and consume more sugar and
unhealthy fats. The busy lifestyle of urban people also leads
to a higher consumption of instant and ready-to-eat meals.
This shift towards unhealthy eating habits has resulted in a
rise in obesity, heart disease, and other health issues in urban
areas. Despite this, the tradition of eating fresh, seasonal, and
locally grown foods is still prevalent in both rural and urban
areas, and Bangladesh is known for its rich and flavorful
cuisine. However, it is important for both rural and urban
populations to maintain a balanced and healthy diet for a
better quality of life.
 CITY LIFE AND COUNTRY LIFE
City life and country life both have their own unique
advantages and disadvantages. City life offers a fast-paced,
exciting environment with numerous cultural and social
opportunities, including world-class restaurants, museums,
and entertainment. City dwellers have access to a wide range
of job opportunities, top-notch medical facilities, and top-notch
schools. On the other hand, country life offers a slower pace
and a more peaceful environment with fresh air and natural
beauty. People living in rural areas enjoy more space, privacy,
and a closer connection to nature. There are also lower crime
rates, lower cost of living, and a sense of community that is
often missing in cities. However, the downside of country life
is limited access to amenities and job opportunities, and it can
be more difficult to stay connected to family and friends who
live far away. Both city life and country life have their own
unique charm and it comes down to personal preference and
lifestyle. Whether you prefer the fast pace of city life or the
peace and quiet of country life, both offer their own
advantages and disadvantages that should be carefully
considered before making a decision.

FOLK MUSIC AND MODERN MUSIC

Folk music and modern music are two distinct genres that
have evolved over time to become what they are today. Folk
music refers to traditional music that is passed down from
generation to generation and is usually associated with rural
communities. It is often simple in structure and typically uses
acoustic instruments such as guitar, banjo, and fiddle. Folk
music is known for its storytelling aspect and its ability to
convey the culture, traditions, and values of a community. On
the other hand, modern music encompasses a wide range of
styles and genres that have developed in recent times. It is
characterised by the use of technology, electronic
instruments, and complex arrangements. Modern music often
blends elements of different styles and genres to create
unique and innovative sounds. It is more focused on
production values, with a heavy emphasis on beat, rhythm,
and melody. While folk music may be seen as a simpler form
of music, it still holds an important place in society and
continues to influence modern music in various ways. Overall,
both folk and modern music have their own unique qualities
and continue to coexist, influencing and being influenced by
each other.

IMPORTANT OF LEARNING ENGLISH

Learning English is becoming increasingly important in today's
interconnected world. As the language of international
communication, it plays a significant role in commerce,
science, technology, and education. It is estimated that over
1.5 billion people speak English as a second language.
Proficiency in English opens up numerous opportunities for
education, travel, and employment and enables individuals to
connect with people from diverse backgrounds. In the global
job market, being proficient in English can give a significant
competitive edge, as many multinational companies require a
good understanding of the language. Additionally, being able
to speak English fluently provides access to a wealth of
information and resources available in the language, including
books, journals, websites, and online courses. Moreover,
learning English has been shown to enhance cognitive skills
such as critical thinking, problem solving, and creativity, as
well as increase cultural awareness and understanding. The
ability to speak English effectively is also essential for
participating in international discussions and debates on key
issues such as climate change, human rights, and sustainable
development. In conclusion, learning English is a valuable
investment in one's personal and professional development
and a crucial tool for participating in the global community.

A BOOK FAIR
A book fair is an event where various publishers, authors, and
book sellers come together to display and sell books to the
public. These events can take place in various locations such
as convention centres, exhibition halls, and public spaces like
parks or city squares. Book fairs are typically held annually or
bi-annually and attract a wide range of visitors, including book
lovers, authors, publishers, students, and educators. They
offer an excellent opportunity to discover new books, meet
and interact with authors, attend book signings, and
participate in book-related activities like workshops, panel
discussions, and literary events. In Bangladesh a book fair is
a vibrant event that takes place annually in Dhaka, the capital
city, and other major cities across the country. The fair
typically lasts for two to three weeks and is held during the
winter months. The Ekushey Book Fair, named after the
language movement martyrs of 1952, is one of the most
significant book fairs in Bangladesh, which attracts book
lovers from all walks of life. It is a celebration of the country's
literary heritage and a showcase of its contemporary literary
achievements. During the book fair, publishers from all over
the country gather to display and sell books on various
subjects ranging from literature, history, and politics to
science, technology, and religious texts. Visitors to the fair can
browse through stalls, interact with authors and publishers,
attend book readings, and participate in discussions on
literature, culture, and society. There are also various cultural
programs, poetry recitals, and musical performances that add
to the festive atmosphere of the event.The book fair is not
only a source of entertainment but also an opportunity to
promote literacy and education. The fair provides a platform
for budding writers to showcase their work and encourages
the public to read and engage with books. It is also a place
where students, teachers, and researchers can find academic
and research materials. The book fair has become an integral
part of Bangladesh's cultural landscape, and it continues to
inspire and enrich the lives of its people.

CHILDHOOD MEMORIES
As a Bangladeshi, childhood memories are some of the most
cherished moments that we carry with us throughout our lives.
Growing up in Bangladesh, I remember playing with my
friends in the streets of my neighbourhood, flying kites during
the windy season, and spending afternoons watching my
favorite cartoons on television. The sense of community and
togetherness was always prevalent, with parents keeping a
watchful eye on us children and neighbors looking out for
each other. One of the fondest memories of my childhood was
celebrating Eid, the biggest religious festival in Bangladesh.
My family and I would dress up in new clothes, visit our
relatives and friends, and feast on delicious traditional foods.
The excitement and joy of receiving money and gifts from our
elders were indescribable. I also recall celebrating Pohela
Boishakh, the Bengali New Year, with cultural programs and
parades. Education was also highly valued in my childhood in
Bangladesh. The experience of attending school and learning
with classmates was a memorable part of growing up.
Participating in extracurricular activities such as sports, music,
and debate clubs helped us to discover our interests and
passions. Overall, childhood memories in Bangladesh are
deeply rooted in community, culture, and education. These
memories are an essential part of our identity as
Bangladeshis and bring a sense of warmth and nostalgia to
our lives.

The Historic Speech of 7th March

The 7th March Speech is regarded as the historical speech in
Bangladesh. This historical speech was delivered by
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman on 7th March 1971 at
Ramna Race Course Meydan (now Sohrawardi Uddan) in
Dhaka. About 2 million people were present there.
Bangabandhu delivered the speech during the period of rising
tensions between East Pakistan and the political and military
establishment of West Pakistan. In his speech, Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman proclaimed: “This time the struggle is for our
freedom, This time the struggle is for our independence.” The
speech inspired the Bangalees to prepare for a war of
independence. He called upon all Bangalees of then East
Pakistan to launch a significant struggle against the Pakistani
occupeople. forces. He also indicated taking all-out
preparations for the War of Liberation. However, the speech
has effectively declared the independence of Bangladesh.
The speech of 7th March inspired the whole nation to take
part in the liberation war and free our country from the enemy.
This speech touched the soul of every Bangladeshi and even
after 1971 it has encouraged and guided us to build up our
nation. Really, it was an eye-opening declaration for us. It’s a
matter of great pride for us that UNESCO has recognized the
speech and so the whole world will know about the historic
speech now.
 ACCESSIBILITY TO HIGHER
EDUCATION IN BANGLADESH
Higher education is an advanced level of study. In higher
education, courses are usually studied at universities,
colleges, and higher education institutions. It is one of the
important parts of the education system. In Bangladesh,
higher education begins after the higher secondary (HSC)
level of education. This education is mainly offered in
universities and colleges. At present 52 public and 108 private
universities and over 1400 degree colleges are providing
higher education in the country. Private universities are a
relatively new phenomenon but it is the fastest-growing sector
in the country. A student is eligible for higher education after
completing the SSC and HSC examinations successfully. But
all the students completing their HSC are not allowed to get
higher education. They have to face an admission test in
different educational institutions and those who are selected,
get the chance to higher education. But a lot of students are
deprived of higher education. The reasons for this deprivation
are manifold. The limited capacity of public universities and
colleges, lack of sufficient boarding facilities, prevailing
poverty in the country, and high tuition charges in private
universities are a few of them. To ensure accessibility to
higher education for all, steps should be taken right now. The
number of universities must be Increased, infrastructures of
colleges must be developed and tuition charges in private
universities should be lessened. If these steps are taken, we
think, many other problems on the way to access to higher
education for all will be solved gradually.

CAUSE AND EFFECTS OF DRUG

ADDICTION
Drug addiction is a pervasive problem that affects millions of
people worldwide. The causes of drug addiction are complex,
multifactorial, and can vary from person to person. Some
individuals may begin using drugs as a means of coping with
emotional pain, stress, or trauma, while others may start due
to peer pressure or curiosity. Additionally, genetics,
environment, and mental health conditions can also increase
the risk of addiction. Once an individual becomes addicted to
drugs, the effects can be severe and long-lasting. Addiction
can lead to physical and psychological dependence,
withdrawal symptoms, impaired judgement, and damage to
relationships, careers, and finances. Substance abuse can
also result in legal problems, such as arrests and convictions
for drug-related offences. Furthermore, drug addiction can
have far-reaching effects on society, including increased
healthcare costs, crime rates, and strain on social services.
Addressing drug addiction requires a comprehensive
approach that includes prevention, early intervention, and
effective treatment options. It is crucial to raise awareness
about the dangers of drug abuse, reduce the stigma
associated with addiction, and provide support for those
struggling with substance use disorders. Ultimately, we must
work together to address the root causes of addiction and
provide individuals with the tools and resources they need to
lead healthy and fulfilling lives.

USES AND ABUSES OF INTERNET

The internet has become an indispensable part of our lives,
and its use has expanded dramatically in recent years. It has
revolutionised the way we communicate, conduct business,
and access information. The internet has numerous benefits,
including quick and easy access to information,
entertainment, and social networking. It is also a great tool for
communication, allowing people to connect with others across
the globe. However, like any powerful tool, the internet can be
misused and abused.One of the most common abuses of the
internet is cyberbullying. It is a form of harassment that occurs
online, where individuals use the internet to harass or
intimidate others. This can have devastating effects on the
victim's mental health and social life. Another abuse of the
internet is the spread of fake news and propaganda. The
internet can easily disseminate false information, which can
mislead people and undermine democratic
institutions.Furthermore, the internet has become a platform
for various illegal activities, including identity theft, hacking,
and piracy. It has also created new addictions such as
excessive social media use, online gaming, and gambling.
These activities can have severe consequences, including
financial loss, addiction, and mental health
problems.However, it is also worth noting that the internet can
be used for positive purposes, such as education, research,
and activism. It has enabled people to access information and
resources that were previously unavailable, and it has
facilitated social and political change around the world.To
conclude, the internet is a powerful tool that has transformed
our lives. Its benefits are enormous, but we must be aware of
the potential abuses and dangers that it presents. As users,
we must be responsible and use the internet for positive
purposes while avoiding its potential harms.

ENGLISH AND GLOBALIZATION

The English language has become a significant component of
globalization, influencing various aspects of culture,
economics, and communication. Due to its widespread use,
English has become the universal language of international
trade, politics, and education. As globalization has opened up
new markets, the need for a common language has grown
stronger, and English has become a vital tool for global
business and communication. Many countries around the
world have incorporated English as a second language in
their education systems, providing students with greater
opportunities to participate in the global economy.However,
the proliferation of English as a global language has also led
to concerns about linguistic imperialism, cultural
homogenization, and the marginalisation of non-English
speaking countries and cultures. Some argue that the
dominance of English in international communication creates
barriers for non-native speakers and perpetuates an unequal
distribution of power in global interactions. To address these
concerns, initiatives to promote multilingualism and cultural
diversity have been developed.In conclusion, the global
spread of the English language has played a critical role in the
growth of globalization, facilitating communication and
interaction between people from different backgrounds.
However, it has also raised significant issues regarding
cultural and linguistic diversity and power distribution. As
globalization continues to expand, it is crucial to balance the
promotion of English as a universal language with the
recognition and appreciation of other languages and cultures.

CAUSE AND EFFECTS OF ROAD

ACCIDENTS IN BANGLADESH
Road accidents are a significant problem in Bangladesh, with
thousands of people losing their lives or being injured each
year. The causes of road accidents in Bangladesh are diverse
and complex. One of the leading causes is reckless driving,
including speeding, ignoring traffic signals, and overtaking
without proper visibility. Moreover, roads in Bangladesh are
often poorly maintained and have inadequate lighting, leading
to reduced visibility and increased risks. Lack of proper road
markings and safety features like barriers and guardrails
further contribute to the problem. Additionally, many vehicles
on the roads in Bangladesh are not roadworthy, with outdated
or faulty brakes, poor suspension, and defective lighting.The
effects of road accidents in Bangladesh are devastating. The
loss of human life and the physical and emotional suffering
caused to families and communities are significant. The
financial cost of road accidents, including medical bills, lost
wages, and property damage, is also enormous. Moreover,
road accidents impact economic growth by causing traffic
congestion and delays and damaging the road
infrastructure.To address this problem, various measures can
be taken. Improving road infrastructure, including better
maintenance and lighting, can help reduce accidents.
Furthermore, enforcing traffic rules and regulations,
implementing strict penalties for reckless driving, and
promoting safe driving practices can help improve road safety.
Promoting the use of helmets and seatbelts and ensuring
vehicles are well maintained can also help prevent road
accidents and reduce their effects.In conclusion, reducing
road accidents in Bangladesh is a complex and challenging
task that requires a multi-faceted approach involving the
government, civil society, and individual road users.

IMPORTANCE OF FEMALE EDUCATION

Education is the key to breaking the cycle of poverty and
improving the lives of our citizens. However, the importance of
female education cannot be overstated. Despite progress in
recent years, many girls and women in Bangladesh still face
significant barriers to accessing education, including poverty,
child marriage, and cultural norms that prioritize boys'
education over girls'. Investing in the education of girls and
women is not only a matter of social justice, but also a
strategic investment in our country's future. Studies have
shown that educated women are more likely to have healthy
families, make informed decisions about their reproductive
health, and have greater economic opportunities. Educated
women can also be powerful agents of social change, helping
to promote gender equality and break down barriers that
prevent women from reaching their full potential.To address
the challenges facing female education in Bangladesh, we
need to invest in programs and initiatives that prioritize girls'
education and empower women to take control of their lives.
This includes providing financial support and incentives for
families to send their daughters to school, developing
gender-sensitive curricula, and investing in teacher training to
ensure that educators are equipped to create inclusive and
supportive learning environments.In conclusion, the
importance of female education in Bangladesh cannot be
understated. By investing in the education of girls and women,
we can create a more just, equitable, and prosperous society
for all.