Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM
Rationale
The most prevalent situation the commuters experience is inadequate services offer by
public utility vehicle drivers. Hence, the satisfaction of commuters is a challenge that almost all
Public transportation provides personal mobility and convenience to people from every
walks of life. Access to public transportation gives people transportation options to get to work,
to go to school or to visiting friends. It also provides job opportunities to the many drives and
touts who are employed in this sector. However, the major problem the society is facing
facts/).
Many commuters demand a good quality of service and the right treatment because in the
previous year many commuters complained about the poor service until now. At the same time,
commuters were also affected their daily schedule because sometimes they are being late due to
traffic,.bad.attitudes,.and.treatments.of.some.tricycle.drivers’(https://opinion.inquirer.net/
117320/filipinos-deserve-quality-public-transport).
According to Gronroose & Ojasalo (2009), that marketers need to understand that
commuters are more than merely in terms of service quality output; they are co-producers of the
quality process. In addition that commuters are the consumers in the market, they are also the
one who represents the good quality of service. To be specific, commuters and tricycle drivers
are.connected.in.making.a.good.quality.of.service.in.society,(https://www.researchgate.net/
publication/
2
49610972_Measuring_Commuters'_Perception_on_Service_Quality_Using_SERVQUAL_in_Pu
blic_Transportation).
With.increasing.number.of.commuters.in.the.Pangasinan.State.University-.Bayambang
Campus (PSU-BC), higher demand for the service of tricycles also increases since it is the most
common transportation available especially during in rush hours. In addition, on the current
system of getting passengers, tricycle drivers are free to choose which passenger they are going
to serve. However, because of this dilemma, it became a major problem for most passengers
because they are experiencing unequal waiting times and the queues of passengers are getting
longer especially for the students and the other workers that are in rush hour. Also with the
presence of other transportation of the road, traffics and other unwanted accidents may cause
tricycles to have a hard time to get back to the main station. Public transport should become part
of a solution for sustainable transport in the future. In order to keep and attract more passengers,
public transport must have high service quality to satisfy and fulfill a wider range of different
knowledge,about,what.drivers.costumers.satisfaction.and.in.public.to.transport.area.to.design.an.
attractive.and.marketable.public.transport,(https://opinion.inquirer.net/112930/filipino-
commuters-crisis).
With this, this study will be conducted to assess the students’ satisfaction towards tricycle
Theoretical Framework
The Psychological Theory, which is used to explain how public attitudes are formed and
impact on the way people behave. It sets out the psychological model The Theory of Planned
Behavior that helps interpret what people say about what they do. The Theory of Planned
Behavior is best for explaining conscious individual behavior where objective, rational factors
such as cost and time are important (Sherwin, Chatterjee, and Jain, 2014) and less good for more
are influential in the decision-making process (van Exel and Rietveld, 2009).
A study entitled “Service Supply and Customer Satisfaction in Public Transportation: The
Quality Paradox” was deliberately designed to investigate the relationship between the objective
performance measures of public transport services and the satisfaction perceived by commuters.
Descriptive means of research were jointly used to collect information and data that completed
the study. As a result, it was found that the lack of correlation between the actual supply of
public transport and the citizen's overall assessments indicates that the latter is not solely or even
primarily based on the actual conditions of the transport system. Moreover, there might also be a
market effect, as a very small system is likely to be used only by those who are already
enthusiastic about public transport or by those who lack any real alternatives. The Related study
is similar to the current study since both of it emphasizes public transportations services and
Terminus, Nairobi, Kenya” was designed to investigate if who are the satisfied commuters. The
commuter satisfaction in the used of Terminus of Muthurwa. The problem investigated in this
4
research is derived from a directional theoretical hypothesis “Muthurwa terminus does not meet
commuter travel needs as per the four-stage travel process of trip origin, trip distribution, modal
choice, and traffic assignment”. It was found in the study that the commuters in Muthurwa were
not satisfied and it is a challenge to them as a commuter. Descriptive Method was used in this
study to gather data and information. (Wagikondi, 2013) This study is similar to the current since
Another study called “Examining the Factors that Impact Public Transport Commuters
Satisfaction” was established to find out the level of stress caused by commuting into Dublin
City Centre and to determine the value placed on the comfort and reliability of public transport
services. Using online survey methodology, it was found out those respondents who travel on
crowded transport experience higher levels of commuting stress, due to increased invasion of
personal space and cramped, uncomfortable conditions. It further concludes that long wait times
are most likely caused by services not running according to schedule, which, in turn, induces
stress due to lack of reliability and a diminished sense of control. The longer the wait-time, is the
more intense these feelings of stress are. (Cantwell, 2009) This study is comparable with the
Vehicles” was designed to ascertain the customer satisfaction level Tata motor passenger
vehicles. Using exploratory cum descriptive method with 100 respondents. It found out that the
overall study reveals that it was found that the customer is mostly satisfied with the price, design,
safety, mileage, interior space, status brand name, comport level, spares part and after-sale
service. This study concluded that mostly Tata customers purchased a car on loan, used the Tata
car for personal purposes, having the car from 1-5 year and they are recommended by their
5
friends as well as take preventive maintenance from an authorized dealer. In the case of level of
customer satisfaction, it was found that the customer is mostly satisfied with price, design,
safety, mileage, interior space, status brand name, comfort level, spares part and after’s because
of sale service. Finding pertaining to most influencing show the most influencing factor for
customer satisfaction. This is similar to the present study because it dealt with the satisfaction of
commuters.
In Commuter Students and Involvement Theory, the purpose of this study is to better
understand the involvement patterns of commuter students at Rowan University. The study
examined their levels of involvement and gathered information regarding their attitudes on the
holistic collegiate experience at the institution. This study also examined links between a
commuter's physical proximity to the main campus and their subsequently reported frequency of
participation in various areas of campus life. The study examined the levels of involvement of
the subjects and their satisfaction with areas of the campus in order to gain insight into commuter
contribution to carbon emissions but has proven stubbornly resistant to modal shift policy
initiatives. In this paper, we use the theory of social practice to develop insights into why this
stubbornness might exist, and what might help accelerate transitions to a bus- and cycle-
commuting. By analyzing qualitative data about everyday mobility in two UK cities, we examine
how the availability of the constituent elements of a bus- and cycle-commuting practices is
crucial for modal shift to occur, but they are often absent. We also draw attention to time-space
contingencies that render recruitment to low-carbon commuting practices more or less likely,
including how commuting is sequenced with other social practices and how the sites of these
6
practices interact with the affordances, and spatial infrastructure, of a bus- and cycle-commuting.
These insights lead us to argue that choice and land use planning focused policy initiatives
designed to invoke modal shift need to coexist in integrated policy configurations with initiatives
designed to reshape both mobility and non-mobility practices. This means addressing the
structural barriers caused by the lack of availability of the elements that constitute bus- and
cycle-commuting, and intervening in the timing and spatiality of a range of social practices so as
to reduce the tendency for commuters to have spatial and temporal characteristics that militate
against the use of bus and cycle modes (Cohn, 2010, Schwanen et al., 2011).
Conceptual framework
Senate Bill No. 775, or “The Dignity in Commuting Act,” proposed a wide range of
reforms to improve public transport safety, convenience and access as well as to promote “active
“Current road and mobility infrastructure do not promote the use of public transportation
services and active transport,” a portion of the bill, introduced by Sen. Francis Pangilinan in
According to the bill, commuters and users of active transport comprise 70 percent of the
total trips in Metro Manila but are only given 20 percent of road space. It said that the vast
The Student Fare Discount Act or Republic Act No. 11314 has been signed by President
Rodrigo Duterte, said Presidential Legislative Liaison Office Undersecretary Ryan Esteves on
Under the new measure, all Filipino students – from elementary to college, including
technical-vocational school students – will get a 20% discount on all forms of land, air, and sea
transportation, for the entire time they are enrolled, including weekends and holidays.
For air and sea travel, the discount will only apply to domestic travel. Previously, an
existing discount scheme covered only land transportation. The discount covers buses, jeepneys,
taxis, tricycles, the LRT and MRT, airlines, passenger ships, and transport network vehicle
Students just have to show their school ID or a validated enrollment form together with a
(medicine, law, masteral, doctoral) or those enrolled in short-term classes like students of
Sweetening the deal is an exemption from paying travel tax when students travel abroad
by plane or passenger ship for education, training, or to participate in a competition. The student
passenger would have to show travel authorities a document proving they are traveling for any of
those purposes.
The paradigm of the study includes the input wherein it answer the following statement or
questions; Profile, Behavior of the Tricycles Drivers, Level of Behavior and Impact of Behavior
of Tricycle Drivers towards the commuters, with these questions, survey questionnaire will be
implemented to proposed a measure to address the commuters satisfaction into tricycle drivers
behavior.
8
4. Recommendations
based from study
At the left of the framework is the input. The center consists of the process, and the
rightmost part is the output. Under the input are the profile of the student-commuters in terms of
satisfaction in tricycle service, the problems usually encountered when commuting and riding a
tricycle, and mostly satisfied in tricycle driver’s services. All the input must undergo analysis
that comes out with an output which is the respondents were going to be more satisfied with
commuting tricycle services. This research aims to give information about to the student
1.1 Age,
2.2 Accessibility,
2.3 Price,
2.5 Environment?
3. What measures can be proposed to address the student-commuters´ satisfaction into tricycle
drivers’ behaviors?
10
This study will focus on the students-commuters satisfaction on tricycle services in PSU-
BC. This study will let the Senior High School (SHS) students of PSU-BC and other commuters
in Bayambang Pangasinan who can answer all the questions related to this study. This study is
limited to the SHS students who are currently enrolled at PSU-BC S.Y. 2019-2020. While many
were offered the opportunity to participate in the research study, the results could inevitably be
limited to those students who completed and returned the survey. The subjects may also have
their motivations for participating in the research study. It is assumed that all of the students who
will partake in the study will answer truthfully and without bias. Several additional limiting
Student-Commuters. The result of this study will provide the students commuters with
some knowledge about the behavior of tricycle drivers that they encounter every day.
Drivers. The study will help them realize that their behavior towards students-
commuters would not help their work as a driver of tricycle services to get income for their daily
lives.
Transportation Services. This study will help the transportation services to assess their
performance that enables to satisfy the costumers need. The data that will gather could be used in
addressing the identified strengths and weaknesses of the current transport system.
Future Researchers. The result of this study will serve as a point of reference for those who
11
Definition of Terms
usually from their house to the school campus. In this study, this refers to the students of senior
Drivers. A person who drives a vehicle or an automobile. In this study, drivers refer to
those,tricycle,drivers,servicing,inside,the,PSU-BC.
tricycle,drivers,on,how,the,treat,their,student-commuters.
Satisfaction. The state of being satisfied. The state of fulfilled need, desire or appetite or
feeling gained from such fulfillment. In this study, this refers to the student-commuters´
CHAPTER II
Related Literature
This portion of the study presents a set of literature and studies in the area of
development of instructional materials that will serve as a guide in the conceptualization of the
present study.
Foreign
With the development of suburbanization, urban residents now have more choices in jobs
and housing locations. Nowadays, scholars increasingly pay attention to the studies on citizens'
commuting mode. The analysis of commuting space characteristics belongs to the study of
geography. Based on a questionnaire survey, this paper first makes a descriptive analysis of
For a long time, emphasis on the relationship between job and residence and its impact on
commuting have been placed by the academia at home and abroad. In China, because of the
suburban areas has become a significant method for the metropolis and megalopolis to relieve
the population stress of their central city (Zhu Wei Geographical Research 2015).
Local
Ergonomics (also called human factors engineering) is the study of human characteristics
for the appropriate design of the living and work environment. It is applied in various industrial
13
areas which includes transportation. Tricycle is one of the most common means of public
transportation in Lipa City has various adaptations to suit the culture and environment. The
purpose of this study is to analyze the variability in the design of the tricycles in Lipa City,
Philippines and propose a standard ergonomically designed tricycle sidecar seat for a greater
population. The study was conducted at 26 tricycle terminals with 232 tricycle samples within
Lipa City proper including the public market area where 400 commuters were given
questionnaires to determine the risk factors associated with the existing tricycle sidecar seat
design. Anthropometric measurements of 100 males and 100 female commuters were obtained
together with the sidecar dimensions of 232 tricycles to substantiate the observed variations in
design. Using the design for the average and design for the extremes, it was found out that most
of the tricycles in Lipa City, Philippines have inappropriate inclined seat and lowered sidecar
seat pan height which can result to leg and abdominal pain; narrowed seat pan depth which
caused pressure on buttocks and legs; narrowed backrest width which can cause upper and low
back pain; low backrest height that can pose upper back pain; which can also result to abdominal
pain; inclined backrest and limited vertical clearance which can cause upper back pain and neck
pain. The researcher proposed a sidecar seat design standard which can be used by the Land
Transportation Office, and Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board to provide
(Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2015) ease, comfort, and convenience to the
passengers.
Related Studies
The following are foreign and local studies reviewed by the researchers that was born
Foreign
time at transit stops to service frequency. It represents an advance over previous models because
Accessibility Transport measured various dimensions: travel costs, options, contains and
quality. Making decisions for improving transport accessibility involves the authorities of
different areas so the result should be reached by the interaction between all the parties involved.
Transportation Service is proposed for reviewing the literature of demand services. One of
the main objectives of developing a public transport system is improving the level of service in
terms of comfort, safety, and frequency in service as well as providing a reasonable and
affordable fare for the public. This can pertain to how the local government assures the quality of
Commuting focuses on the analysis below on the specificities of commuting in the UK.
The literature has identified three important trends that set the context for a policy promoting low
carbon commuting. More commuters making less frequent commuting trips (reflecting
increasing flexible and home-working practices cars dominating the commute except in London
(where they have 42% of modal share); an increase in commuting distances, including a decrease
in shorter [<2 m] and an increase in longer [>15 m] journeys (Lyons and Chatterjee, 2008).
These trends correspond with the three main foci of sustainable transport policy. First, is
reducing the need to travel (substitution), which the researchers have not yet discussed. Given
our focus on the bus- and cycle-commuting, substitution is of less concern to the researchers,
however, the researchers note that home-working is seen as a major means of reducing transport
15
carbon emissions. Second is the modal shift through transport policy measures, the researchers'
main concern here, and third is distance reduction through land-use and planning policy
(Banister, 2008), an integral part of the modal shift in the researchers' analysis below.
Much of the commuting policy literature focuses on the promotion of public transport or
active modes of walking and cycling (Khan et al., 2014, Schneider, 2013) or even motorcycling
(Chen and Lai, 2011), with the exact method of ‘promotion’ dependent on which factors are seen
as most influential on commuting behavior. It is notable that, in much of the literature, generic
are transposed onto commuting and inform policy. Hence, policies often focus on costs and
pricing (Azari et al., 2013), especially of parking (Van Malderen et al., 2012), and the quality of
public transport provision (Hensher, 1998), with workplaces being seen as key sites for behavior
change initiatives (Kingham et al., 2001, Van Malderen et al., 2012). Numerous studies suggest
that combining policies, preferably including both ‘push’ factors such as car park pricing
disincentives (Azari et al., 2013, Börjesson et al., 2012) and ‘pull’ factors such as the provision
of free public transport for a set period (Abou-Zeid and Ben-Akiva, 2012, Abou-Zeid et al.,
2012, De Witte et al., 2008, Thøgersen, 2009) is more effective than implementing single
policies alone (Habibian and Kermanshah, 2013). The researchers return to such questions of
A different kind of policy intervention is associated with spatial and temporal concerns.
Housing and work locations are clearly relevant (Broberg and Sarjala, 2015, Delmelle and
Delmelle, 2012, Frost et al., 1998, Shiftan and Barlach, 2002, Zhou, 2014), as are associated
travel times (Shannon et al., 2006). The choice of residence is seen to interact with commuting
distance and mode, (Plaut, 2006: 561), affecting both workers in dual-earner households.
16
Housing and location choice creates a situation in which “journeys to work are defined as
individual travel decisions, but in fact are dictated in large part by the household's choice of
housing location” (ibid: 569), although other studies question the direction of causality between
these choices (Aditjandra et al., 2013, Handy et al., 2005), and residential selection does not
necessarily take place outside of modal choice considerations: modal preferences may be key in
It is not clear, therefore, from the existing literature that commuting is addressed as a
unique form of travel (behavior), even when acknowledging the complex, multifactorial
influences on modal choice (Nkurunziza et al., 2012). Below, researceher specifically explore
how viewing the commute (and travel more broadly) through the lens of practice theory reveals
increased possibilities: for addressing the specificities of this form of travel through modal shift,
and; for effectively configuring the types of policy outlined above to address material and social
deficits, and temporal and spatial complexities, which inhibit shifts to low carbon commuting.
Researcher also consider how practice theory renders visible issues that existing transport
research has not fully unpacked, and in turn, promotes new types of policy intervention.
Researcher suggest this involves policies that take account of the specificities of commuting, and
that operate at the societal as much as the individual level, aiming to create an enabling
environment for low carbon commuting, given that transport research and practice theory agree
that mobility is “a result of people's resources, needs, and wishes, as modified by the constraints
Local
accessible, and affordable remains beyond reach for many Filipinos—more so for the many
17
students who commute to school. An observer was spot-on when she described how commuting
in Manila and similar urban areas have devolved into a “tradeoff,” where passengers are forced
to choose between spending a sizeable amount to immediately catch a ride or waiting additional
hours in the queue for more affordable transportation. No student should have to make such
decisions.
The daily commute in major urban areas can often be long and taxing, taking a
particularly physical and mental toll on the university students. Instead of being stuck in traffic,
they should be at school learning, engaging in their co-curricular activities, or at home resting
and spending time with their families. According to the “student involvement theory” of UCLA
Professor Alexander Astin, time spent commuting is valuable time taken away from peer
involvement and faculty consultation, which are among many activities crucial to improving a
student’s academic performance and developing leadership and critical thinking skills.
One initiative that can be done throughout the country is for the local government units to
establish 24-7 public libraries similar to the example set by Cebu City, Quezon City, and Makati.
These facilities can accommodate students who intend to study beyond regular library hours, and
may also serve as a halfway house between the school and their home. As the Duterte
administration aggressively pursues its infrastructure agenda, it must also seriously consider the
welfare of commuting students. Ultimately, safe and affordable transportation options should be
part.and.parcel.of,an.accessible.education.system.(elopmenhttps://ph.search.yahoo.com/yhs/
search;_ylt).
18
Synthesis
The researchers have presented foreign and local works of literature and studies related to
the present study. These works of literature and studies have a few similarities and differences
In foreign literature indicates that analyze the commuting space characteristics and what
are the impacts of commuting in those people that have jobs and the normal because of the
On the other hand, foreign studies want to develop the public transport system in terms of
comfort, safety, and frequency in service as well as providing a reasonable and affordable fare
for the public. The two kinds of literature are saying that the transportation system is hard for all
the people that do not their own vehicle so they are commuting and riding in public vehicles.
In local literature says that the tricycle is the most common public transportation here in
the Philippines but someplace in the Philippines has their own way of designing their tricycles
but someplace here in the Philippines they are following some rules of designing for safety
purposes. According to the “student involvement theory” of UCLA Professor Alexander Astin in
Local studies the time of the researchers spent in commuting and faces traffics when researchers
are commuting that is valuable time that researcher can spend in with our families, friends and
some people that are important in our lives and have a quality time with each other when
researcher are together. The local literature and local studies difference are that the first one is
talking about how comfortable and safe they are when they riding public transportation like
tricycles and on the other side is how commuting gets a lot of our time, especially when it’s
traffic. That time is researcher can use to spend with our families and love ones.
`
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The descriptive research design will be used in this study to gather data on students'
methods involve a careful selection of subjects, the use of instruments and a well-planned
strategy for gathering and interpreting data. This design includes description, recording analysis
and interpretation of conditions that exist in the present study to collect information on the
Sources of Data
The study will be conducted at the Pangasinan State University, Bayambang Campus,
Bayambang, Pangasinan where the researchers are Grade 12 students. Regardless of its
convenience to gather data through survey questionnaire in order to create a responsive action to
find out the students satisfaction towards services. We choose PSU-BC in order to know the
students who are experiencing the different treatments of tricycle drivers behavior and if they are
a satisfied commuters as a students. The respondents are the Grade 11 and Grade 12 students of
The school offered only one strand in Senior High School level. Which is the Science,
Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). In Grade 11 students, it is divided into two
sections. Which are Grade 11 Narra, Grade 11 Molave, and Grade 12 Mahogany.
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Population Sampling
This research utilized the purposive sample design. A purposive sample is a non-
probability sample that is selected based on the characteristics of a population and the objective
of the study. Purposive sampling is also known as judgmental, selective, or subjective sampling
(https://www.thoughtco.com/purposive-sampling-3026727).
The target population of this research includes the Grade 11 students of PSU-BC. Those
are Grade 11 Narra and Grade 11 Molave. The researchers will randomly choose sixty (60)
respondents only. Twenty (20) respondents in Grade 11 Narra, twenty (20) respondents in Grade
Research Respondents
The Respondents of this study will be the SHS students of PSU-BC. To maintain the
balance of the results, the results will use a frequency cout. An equal number of respondents will
Research Instruments
The instrument that will be used in this study is composing of a self-made and adopted
survey questionnaire in a research study entitled “Transportation Image Towards Local Tourism
Promotion in Santiago City”. The questionnaire is composed of questions regarding the transport
system’s service frequency, accessibility, price, and operators' behavior, the instrument had
Data will be gathered using a survey questionnaire that will be floated to the SHS
Students of PSU-BC. The data that will be, collected will be tallied and processed for analysis
21
and interpretation. The researchers will personally float the questionnaire to assure 100%
retrieval.
Appropriate statistical tools will utilized in the analysis of the data gathered to ensure
valid results.
To answer sub-problems #1 about the profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex,
Place of Residency. The survey questionnaire will be used to gather data. The gathered data will
be tailed to be organize and to summarize the data of respondent’s profile for them to be
determined.
services in terms of Frequency of riding a tricycle, Accessibility, Price, Driver’s behavior, and
Environment. Frequency count and find the mean of the frequency of the answers of the
respondents.
tricycle drivers’ behaviors. The researchers will be using Likert scale (5 Very Satisfied and 1
Very dissatisfied).
Rate Indicator
3.40-4.19 Satisfied
2.60-3.39 Neutral
1.80-2.59 Dissatisfied
There are 2 parts of the Survey Questionnaire that the researchers prepared. The first part
is the Personal profile, including the age, sex, and there Grade level. The second part of the
Survey Questionnaire form is the questions that answer mostly the sub-problems of this study; it
is about the level of agreement. Number 5 means Very Satisfied which the respondents
considered the phrase to be true or the respondents totally agree with the given phrase. Number 4
means Satisfied which the respondents agree with the given phrase. Number 3 means Neutral
which the respondents agree or not. Number 2 is Dissatisfied which means the respondents do
not agree with the phrase and lastly number 1 means Very Dissatisfied which means the
respondents strongly disagree with the phrase. The last part of the Survey Questionnaire form is
a checklist in which the respondents will check the appropriate answer that corresponds with the
given selection.
23
CHAPTER IV
This chapter is primarily concerned with the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of
data gathered. The results are organized according to the sub-problems presented in Chapter I.
The presentation is made in tabular and textual forms and logically arranged based on the
Profile of Respondents
The first concern of this study was to determine the profile of the respondents regarding
their age, sex and place of residency. This data was gathered using a survey. The findings are
shown in Table 1 for Age, Table 2 for Sex and Table 3 for Place of Residency.
Table 1.
Profile of Respondents (Age, Sex, Grade and section, and Place of Residency)
N= 60
Age Frequency Percentage
15-16 29 48.33%
17-18 30 50%
19-20 1 1.7%
Total: 60 100%
Sex Frequency Percentage
Male 14 23.33%
Female 46 76.67%
Total: 60 100%
Grade and Section Frequency Percentage
24
3.40-4.19 4 Satisfied
2.60-3.39 3 Neutral
1-1.79 1 Dissatisfied
The table shows the age range of the respondents. The majority (50%) of the respondents
have the age of 17-18 years old. The 15-16 range of age comes next which comprises (48.33%)
of the total respondents. The lowest percent goes to 19-20 years old which only comprises
The table shows the sex of the respondents. Out of 60 respondents surveyed, (76.67%)
are females while (23.33%) are males which means the majority of the total sample population
are females.
25
The table shows the grade and section of the respondents. All of the 60 respondents
surveyed, they are all (33.3%) who are from Grade 11 Molave, Grade Narra, and Grade 12
Mahogany.
The table shows the place of residency of the respondents. Out of 60 respondents
surveyed, (66.67%) are those who are outside in Bayambang while (33.33%) are those who are
living in Bayambang.
Table 2.
N = 60
DESCIPTIVE
A. INDICATORS
WEIGHTED MEAN EQUIVALENT
1. A Toda group is stationed Neutral
3.3
exclusively in the area to
provide transportation services
among the commuter
2. Tricycles are available for 3.77
Satisfied
hire through the "Arkila"
system.
Total 2.88
Neutral
DESCIPTIVE
B. INDICATORS
WEIGHTED MEAN EQUIVALENT
1. The terminal is easy to visit. 3.97 Satisfied
2. The service road to the area
is cemented.
3. The area is not congested.
Total
4.15
Satisfied
26
3.37 Neutral
3.83
Satisfied
DESCIPTIVE
C. INDICATORS
WEIGHTED MEAN EQUIVALENT
Satisfied
3.45
3.27
Satisfied
3.39
Neutral
DESCIPTIVE
D. INDICATORS
WEIGHTED MEAN EQUIVALENT
1. Drivers are courteous. 3.58 Satisfied
2. Drivers are not selective on
the place where you want to
go. Neutral
3. Drivers are trustworthy. 3.4
Total
27
3.67
Satisfied
Satisfied
3.55
DESCIPTIVE
E. INDICATORS
WEIGHTED MEAN EQUIVALENT
Neutral
3.6
3.67
1. Transportation is clean. Satisfied
2. Service is good to look at.
3. Service is properly
3.57 Satisfied
groomed.
4. The Terminal is clean.
Total
3.4 Neutral
3.56
Satisfied
3.40-4.19 4 Satisfied
2.60-3.39 3 Neutral
1-1.79 1 Dissatisfied
The various indicators, as shown in the table above, the average weighted mean. The
3.77(Satisfied), and the average weighted mean of indicators (A), is 2.88 (Neutral).
The various indicators, as shown in the table above, the average weighted mean. The
(Satisfied), weighted mean of statement #3 is 3.37 (Neutral), and the average weighted mean of
The various indicators, as shown in the table above, the average weighted mean. The
(Neutral), weighted mean of statement #3 is 3.45 (Satisfied), and the average weighted mean of
The various indicators, as shown in the table above, the average weighted mean. The
(Neutral), weighted mean of statement #3 is 3.67 (Satisfied), and the average weighted mean of
The various indicators, as shown in the table above, the average weighted mean. The
3.4 (Neutral), and the average weighted mean of indicators (E), is 3.56 (Satisfied).
29
CHAPTER V
This chapter presents the highlights of the study, salient findings, the conclusions drawn
from the findings, and the recommendations made based on the conclusions.
Summary
1.1 Age,
2.2 Accessibility,
2.3 Price,
2.5 Environment?
3. What measures can be proposed to address the student-commuters´ satisfaction into tricycle
drivers’ behaviors?
The descriptive method was utilized in order to determine the PSU Student-Commuters
Findings
Based on the gathered data, the following salient findings are hereby presented:
1. Of the 60 respondents surveyed, 48.33% are ages 15-16 years old, 50% for the age of 17-
18 years old and 1.7% between the age of 19-20 years old.
2. On sex of the 60 respondents, 23.33% is the total percentage of male respondents and
3. On the Grade and Section of the 60 respondents, each Section there is a respondent that is
4. On the place of residency, there are 33.3% of the population that are inside of
neutral and on A question number 2, the average weighted mean is 3.77, which is
equivalent to satisfied. The total of the average weighted mean is 2.88 which is
equivalent to neutral.
equivalent to satisfied and on B. question number 3, the average weighted mean is 3.37
which is neutral. The total of the average weighted mean is 3.83 which is equivalent to
satisfied.
satisfied, on C number 2, the average weighted mean is 3.27 which is neutral and on C
question number 3 the average weighted mean 3.45 which is equivalent to satisfied. The
satisfied, on D number 2, the average weighted mean is 3.4 which is neutral and on D
question number 3 the average weighted mean 3.67 which is equivalent to satisfied. The
9. On E. question number 1, the average weighted mean is 3.6, which is equivalent neutral,
number 3 the average weighted mean 3.57 which is equivalent to satisfied, and on E
question number 4 the average weighted mean 3.4 which is equivalent to neutral. The
Conclusions
32
1. The Profile of the 60 Senior High School students in terms of their age, the age of the
respondents ranging 17-18 have a higher weighted mean than the respondents ranging 15-16
years old and the respondents ranging 19-20 have a lowest weighted mean than the two. In
terms their sex, there are more Female respondents than the Male respondents. In terms of
Grade and Section, there are 3 sections of Senior High School and the researchers have 20
respondents in each section, also in terms of place of residency there more respondents that
lived outside the Bayambang than the respondents that lived inside Bayambang.
2. On A question number 1 discussed about how satisfied the commuters on the service of
stationed tricycle drivers, based on our survey that the researchers have been conducted the
student-commuters have evenhanded about the service of the tricycle drivers. Also on A
question number 2 talks about availability of riding on the “Arkila” system, the rospondents
3. On B question number 1 discussed about the terminal is easy to visit, based on the survey
question number 2 is about the service road if it is cemented, based on the survey that have
number 3 talks about the area if it is not congested, based on the survey that have been
4. On C question number 1 stated that if the transportation cost is reasonable, based on the
survey that have been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters is satisfied. On C
question number 2 discussed about if the tricycle drivers has not collecting some extra
change, based on the survey that have been conducted by the researchers the student-
33
operations is also reasonable, based on the survey that have been conducted by the
5. On D question number 1 it talks about the drivers are courteous and based on the survey that
have been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters is they are satisfied, on D
question number 2 discussed if the drivers are not selective on the place where you want to
go, based on the survey that have been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters
is they are neutral. On D question number 3 talks about if the drivers are trustworthy and
based on the survey that have been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters is
6. On E question number 1 discussed if the transportation is clean, based on the survey that
have been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters is they are neutral, on E
question number 2 states if the service of tricycle drivers is clean, based on the survey that
have been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters is they are satisfied, on E
question number 3 states if the service is properly groomed, based on the survey that have
been conducted by the researchers the student-commuters is they are satisfied and on E
question number 4 discussed if the terminal is clean and based on the survey that have been
Recommendations
1. It is recommended that Tricycle Drivers be more polite to their student- commuters and
2. The Tricycle driver should be responsible for getting the appropriate student- commuter
3. The Tricycle Drivers must have proper hygiene so that they can be properly viewed by
4. The student- commuters must have their own vehicle for which they will be transported
5. The Tricycle Drivers should be morally oriented on how to treat their passengers
6. Tricycle Drivers should not choose their passengers they will be riding based on their
8. Drivers should check their tricycles if it is clean and comfortable for the passengers
9. Tricycle Drivers should be aware of their behaviour on how to call or encourage their
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Hoffman, Donnal; Novak, Tjomas P. Schloser, Amn. Cosumer Control in Online Environments.
http://ecommerce.vanderbilt.edu/
Leeyayouthayotin, Lackana, 2004. Factors Influencing Online Purchase Intention: The case of
health food consumers in Thailand.
Mansoorian Avash, 2012. Measuring Factors for Increasing Trust of People in e-
Transactions. Master Thesis
Mascarennas, Jawin Binaj. 2018, Consumer Satisfaction in Online Shipping-Retail
Industry: https://esource. Abs.ie/handle/10788/3658
Zulueta, Francisco M. and Jose R. Reyes. 20120. Mehods of Research, Thesis and
Writing and Applied Statistics. Mandaluyong City, National Bookstore
C. Others
https://www.apta.com/news-publications/public-transportation-facts/
https://opinion.inquirer.net/117320/filipinos-deserve-quality-public-transport
,https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
49610972_Measuring_Commuters'_Perception_on_Service_Quality_Using_SERVQUAL_in_Pu
blic_Transportation
https://opinion.inquirer.net/112930/filipino-commuters-crisis
37
MADAM:
We have the honor to request permission to conduct in this school our study entitled
“STUDENT-COMMUTERS´ SATISFACTION ON TRICYCLE SERVICE IN
PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY-BAYAMBANG PANGASINAN” to the Grade 11
(Narra and Molave) and Grade 12 (Mahogany) of the STEM strand here in PSU– Bayambang
Campus.
We will highly appreciate your favorable consideration and approval of the said request.
Noted: Approved:
Dear Respondents,
We have the honor to request for your time and effort to answer the Survey Questionnaire
needed to accomplish our study entitled “STUDENT-COMMUTERS´ SATISFACTION ON
TRICYCLE SERVICE IN PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY-BAYAMBANG
PANGASINAN” to the students of the Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics
(STEM) strands of Senior High School here in PSU-Bayambang Campus.
We hope that this request will be approved. Surely, your answers will be held confidential.
Noted: Approved:
SIR:
We would like to request your permission to be our Statistician in our study entitled
“STUDENT-COMMUTERS´ SATISFACTION ON TRICYCLE SERVICE IN
PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY-BAYAMBANG PANGASINAN” to the Grade 11
(Narra and Molave) and Grade 12 (Mahogany) of the Science, Technology, Engineering,
Mathematics (STEM) strand here in PSU – Bayambang Campus.
We will highly appreciate your favourable consideration and approval of the said request.
Very truly yours,
Noted: Approved:
MADAM:
We would like to request your permission to be our Critic Reader in our study entitled
“STUDENT-COMMUTERS´ SATISFACTION ON TRICYCLE SERVICE IN
PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY-BAYAMBANG PANGASINAN” to the Grade 11
(Narra and Molave) and Grade 12 (Mahogany) of the Science, Technology, Engineering,
Mathematics (STEM) strand here in PSU – Bayambang Campus.
We will highly appreciate your favourable consideration and approval of the said request.
Very truly yours,
Noted: Approved:
Rate Indicator
5 Very Satisfied
4 Satisfied
3 Neutral
2 Dissatisfied
1 Very dissatisfied
43
Statement 5 4 3 2 1
A. Service Frequency
1. A Toda group is stationed exclusively in the area to
provide transportation services among the commuter.
2. Tricycles are available for hire through the "Arkila"
system.
B. Accessibility
CURRICULUM VITAE
44
Personal Data
Educational Background
Malasiqui, Pangasinan
2007-2014
Malasiqui, Pangasinan
2014-2018
CURRICULUM VITAE
45
Personal Data
Educational Background
2009 - 2014
Bayambang, Pangasinan
2014 – 2018
Bayambang, Pangasinan
CURRICULUM VITAE
46
Personal Data
Name: Xerex N. Dela Cruz
Address: Don Vicente Quintans Street Malasiqui Pangasinan
Date of Birth: May 26, 2001
Place of Birth: Malasiqui Pangasinan
Civil Status: Single
Father: Alfredo G. Dela Cruz
Mother: Imelda N. Dela Cruz
Educational Background
Elementary Level: Malasiqui Central School
2009-2014
Malasiqui Pangasinan
Secondary Level: Malasiqui National High School
2014-2018
Malasiqui Pangasinan
CURRICULUM VITAE
47
Personal Data
Educational Background
Bayambang, Pangasinan
2008 – 2014
Bayambang, Pangasinan
2014 – 2018