CHAPTER – 2 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING PLANTS

LEVEL 1
1. Embryo sac is to ovule as _____ is to an anther.
(a) Stamen
(b) Filament
(c) Pollen grain
(d) Androecium
2. Starting from the innermost part, the correct sequence of parts in an
ovule are,
(a) egg, nucellus, embryo sac, integument
(b) egg, embryo sac, nucellus, integument
(c) embryo sac, nucellus, integument, egg
(d) egg, integument, embryo sac, nucellus
3. A bilobed dithecous anther has 100 microspore mother cells per
microsporangium. How many male gametophytes can this anther
produce?
(a) 400
(b) 100
(c) 1600
(d) 25
4. Choose the correct statement from the following:
(a) Cleistogamous flowers always exhibit autogamy
(b) Chasmogamous flowers always exhibit geitonogamy
(c) Cleistogamous flowers exhibit both autogamy and geitonogamy
(d) Chasmogamous flowers never exhibit autogamy
5. Assertion: Megaspore mother cell undergoes meiotic division.
Reason: All four megaspores form female gametophyte.
a. Both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a
correct explanation of the assertion.
b. Both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a
correct explanation of the assertion.
c. The assertion is true but the reason is false.
d. Both the assertion and reason are false
LEVEL 2

6. How can pollen grains of wheat and rice which tend to lose viability
within 30 minutes of their release be made available for months for
breeding programmes?
7. An anther with malfunctioning tapetum often fails to produce viable
male gametophyte. Give one reason.
8. Why are the mitotic divisions in the functional megaspore nucleus called
free nuclear?
9. The probability of fruit set in a self-pollinated bisexual flower of a plant is
far greater than a dioecious plant. Explain.
10. Why do corn cobs have long tassels?
11. Mention the two important factors to be considered while carrying out
artificial hybridization or breeding experiments?
12. How is fertilization by a self-incompatible pollen prevented?
13. Write the cellular contents carried by the pollen tube. How does the
pollen tube gain its entry into the embryo sac?
14. Even though each pollen grain has 2 male gametes, why are at least 10
pollen grains and not 5 pollen grains required to fertilize 10 ovules
present in a particular carpel?
15. If the chromosome number of a plant species is 16, what would be the
chromosome number and ploidy level of
(a) Microspore mother cell and (b) Endosperm cells?
LEVEL 3

16. Banana produces fruits, but is propagated by vegetative means. Why is it

so?
17. Why are some seeds of Citrus referred to as polyembryonic? How are
they formed?
18. Name and explain the mechanism by which seeds from hybrid plants
are developed that are able to retain the desired hybrid characters in the
progeny.
19. Name the parts of the ovule and the embryo sac of an angiosperm that
develop into:
(a) Perisperm ( b) Seed coat ( c) Endosperm (d) Embryonal axis
20. Mature seeds of legumes are non albuminous. Then, can it be
considered that double fertilization does not occur in legumes? Explain.
21. What type of artificial hybridization technique would you adopt if the
female parent chosen is papaya and why?
22. Draw a transverse sectional view of an apple and label the following
parts along with their technical names:
(i) Edible part
(ii) Encloses the embryo
(iii) Forms the fruit wall
 EXTENDED LEARNING - If one can induce parthenocarpy through the
application of growth substances, which fruits would you select to induce
parthenocarpy. Give reason.

Note:
Practice all the diagrams and labellings given in the NCERT text book.
Diagrams to be drawn in note book:
(1) TS of anther
(2) Enlarged view of one microsporangium
(3) Stages of a microspore maturing into a pollen grain
(4) Anatropous ovule
(5) Mature embryo sac
(6) LS of a flower showing the growth of a pollen tube
(7) Fertilized embryo sac
(8) Dicot embryo and monocot embryo
(9) LS of maize grain
(10) Stages of embryo development in a dicot