Math 2202. Fall 2020.

Practice Test for Test 1.

You will need to show (and submit) all your work and fully explain/justify your answers !

Z 4 √
1. Using Bounds on the Integral Theorem, find upper and lower bound for x2 + 3dx
1
Solution.
By the Bounds on the Integral (or Max-Min Inequality) Theorem: if f has maximum M and
minimum m values on [a, b] then
Z b
m(b − a) ≤ f (x)dx ≤ M (b − a).
a
√
In order to find min and max of f (x) = x2 + 3 on the given closed interval [1, 4], we have
to use Closed Interval Method (see Calc 1). First we find critical points, and then compare
function values at critical points as well as end points of the interval.
Since f 0 (x) = √x12 +3 · 2x always exists and = 0 when x = 0 ⇒ the only critical point is x = 0.
We then compare √
f (0) = 3 ← min m
√
f (1) = 4 = 2
√
f (4) = 19 ← max M
Then
√ Z 4 √ √
3·3≤ x2 + 3dx ≤ 19 · 3
1

2. Find the area bounded by

y = x3 , x = y 3
Solution

The area of the region is

Z 0 Z 1 Z 1 1
3
√ √ 3
√ 3 x4/3 x4 
A= (x − x)dx +
3
( x − x )dx = 2
3
( x − x )dx = 2(
3
− ) = 1
−1 0 0 4/3 4 0
3. Evaluate the following integrals:
(a)
Z π/2
x
tan dx
0 2
Solution

 
Z π/2 u = x2 , du = 12 dx  Z π
x  4
tan dx = x=0→u=0 =2 tan udu
0 2  π
x = 2 → u = π  0
4 
Z π
4 sin u
 v = cos u, dv = − sin udu 
= 2 du = u = 0 → v = 1√
0 cos u
u = π4 → v = 22
 

√
2 1 √
Z
2 dv
Z 1
dv  2 2 √
= −2 =2 √ = 2 ln |v| √ = 2(ln 1 − ln ) = 2 ln √ = 2 ln 2
1 v 2
2 v 2 2 2
2
= ln 2.

(b)
√
Z
x2 x + 1dx

Solution

√ √
Z   Z
2 u=x+1→x=u−1
x x + 1dx = = (u − 1)2 udu
Z du = dx
√
Z
= (u − 2u + 1) udu = (u5/2 − 2u3/2 + u1/2 )du
2

u7/2 5/2 3/2

= 7/2
− 2 u5/2 + u3/2 + C
2
= 7
(x + 1)7/2 − 54 (x + 1)5/2 + 23 (x + 1)3/2 + C
4. Using any method (clearly indicate which method you choose to use), set up (but do not
evaluate) integrals to find the volumes of the solids obtained by rotating the region in the
first quadrant bounded by the curves y = 4 − x2 and y = 5 on [0, 2] about the following lines
• x=6
Solution
Method used: Shell Method (Why?)

hshell (x) = 5 − (4 − x2 ) = 1 + x2
rshell (x) = 6 − x
Hence, volume of the solid, using Shell Method, is
Z b Z 2
V = 2πrshell (x)hshell (x)dx = 2π(6 − x)(1 + x2 )dx
a 0

• y = −2
Solution
Method used: Slicing Method (Why?)

rin (x) = (4 − x2 ) + 2 = 6 − x2
Rout (x) = 5 + 2 = 7
Hence, volume of the solid, using Slicing Method, is
Z b Z 2
2 2
π72 − π(6 − x2 )2 dx


V = πRout (x) − πrin (x)dx =
a 0
5. Using the slicing method set up (but do not evaluate) the integral to compute the volume of
the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by
1
y = x2 , y = 5 − x2
4
about the line x = −3.
Solution

As you can see in the picture, region splits in two parts - where different curves define inner
and outer radius. So we have to find equations for right and left branches of both parabolas
as well as y-coordinates of the intersection points:

Then the radii for the curves above the intersection point will be:
p
Rout (y) = 5 − y + 3
p
rin (y) = − 5 − y + 3
and for the region below the intersection:
√
Rout (y) = 2 y + 3
√
rin (y) = −2 y + 3
Hence, the volume is a sum of two integrals:
Z 5 p 1
√ √
p  Z
2 2
π(2 y + 3)2 − π(−2 y + 3)2 dy


V = π( 5 − y + 3) − π(− 5 − y + 3) dy +
1 0

Conclusion: Shell Method would be significantly easier to use in this problem. Please, write
down the solution, using Shell Method:
6. Using the method of cylindrical shells set up the integral (but do not evaluate) to compute
the volume of the region in the first quadrant bounded by y = 4x2 − x3 and the line y = 0,
rotated around x = 5.
Solution

rshell (x) = 5 − x
hshell (x) = 4x2 − x3
Z 4
V = 2π(5 − x)(4x2 − x3 )dx
0
 x3 1
7. Find the length of the curve y = 6
+ 2x
for x in [1, 3]
Solution: see lecture notes

8. Find
Z 2x √
d
1 + t3 dt
dx tan x

Solution.
Using Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, we find derivative of a function given with the help
of an integral:
Z 2x √
d p p
1 + t3 dt = 1 + (2x )3 · 2x ln 2 − 1 + (tan x)3 · sec2 x
dx tan x
9. Suppose it takes a force of 10 N (in the negative direction) to compress a spring 0.2 m from the
equilibrium position. How much work is done to stretch the spring 0.5m from the equilibrium
position?
Solution.
First, we find the spring constant. When x = −0.2, we know F (x) = −10, so
F (x) = kx
−10 = k(−0.2)
k = 50

and, hence, F (x) = 50x. Then, to calculate work, we integrate the force function:
Z b Z 0.5 0.5

2
W = F (x)dx = 50xdx = 25x  = 6.25 J.
a 0 0
10. A tank (see picture below) is filled with water to the level of 1.5 feet. Find the work (set up
the integral but do not evaluate it) required to pump the water out of the spout. Use the
fact that water weighs 62.4 lb/f t3 .

(a) Always, first introduce the coordinate system. It is common to place origin at the bottom
of the container and point the positive direction of y-axis upward.
(b) We then think of pumping liquid out “one slab, one thin layer (at a generic level y) at
a time” and we compute work required to pump that layer to the required level. In this
problem, the layer at level y is a rectangle with some thickness. Once we find its volume,
we can find its weight, and then work required to pump it. In order to find the area of
the rectangle, let’s take a closer look at the front plate:

i. Since the radius of the plate is 2m, it means that the distance from the center of the
circle to anywhere on its boundary is 2m. We then use Pythagorean Theorem to find
the needed side of the right triangle, denote it by L(y):
p
L(y) = 22 − (2 − y)2
ii. Then the area of the rectangular cross-section is:
p
A(y) = 2 · L(y) · 8 = 16 22 − (2 − y)2
iii. Next, the volume of the layer with thickness ∆y is
p
V (y) ≈ A(y)∆y = 16 22 − (2 − y)2 ∆y
iv. Hence, the weight of the layer (=force required to “push it up” against gravity) is
p
F (y) ≈ 62.4 · V (y) = 62.4 · 16 22 − (2 − y)2 ∆y
v. Work required to move this particular layer to the level it needs to reach (y = 10) is
p
W (y) ≈ F (y) · d(y) = 62.4 · 16 22 − (2 − y)2 ∆y · (3 − y)
vi. Finally, the total work to move ALL the liquid out of the container is
Z 1.5 p
W = 62.4 · 16 22 − (2 − y)2 (3 − y)dy
0

Note: limits of integration reflect where the liquid is in the given coordinate
system: between levels of y = 0 and y = 1.5