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    This document is from An-Najah National University's College of Engineering. It discusses the conservation of mass principle in fluid mechanics. It defines a control volume as a fixed volume through which fluid flows. For steady state problems, the mass entering the control volume must equal the mass leaving. The continuity equation describes the continuity of flow between sections for one-dimensional, steady flow problems. It states that the mass flow rate in must equal the mass flow rate out. Several examples show how to apply the continuity equation to problems involving changes in flow area or velocity.

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    This document is from An-Najah National University's College of Engineering. It discusses the conservation of mass principle in fluid mechanics. It defines a control volume as a fixed volume through which fluid flows. For steady state problems, the mass entering the control volume must equal the mass leaving. The continuity equation describes the continuity of flow between sections for one-dimensional, steady flow problems. It states that the mass flow rate in must equal the mass flow rate out. Several examples show how to apply the continuity equation to problems involving changes in flow area or velocity.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    31 views17 pages

    CHP 4

    Uploaded by

    ጋጋ ዣንዣድ
    This document is from An-Najah National University's College of Engineering. It discusses the conservation of mass principle in fluid mechanics. It defines a control volume as a fixed volume through which fluid flows. For steady state problems, the mass entering the control volume must equal the mass leaving. The continuity equation describes the continuity of flow between sections for one-dimensional, steady flow problems. It states that the mass flow rate in must equal the mass flow rate out. Several examples show how to apply the continuity equation to problems involving changes in flow area or velocity.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    An-Najah National University

    College of Engineering

    Fluid Mechanics-61341

    Chapter [4]

    Conservation of Mass

    Dr. Sameer Shadeed


    1 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Control Volume and Control Surface
     In fluid mechanics, a control volume is a mathematical
    concept employed in the process of creating mathematical
    models of physical processes. In an inertial frame of reference,
    it is a fixed volume in space through which the fluid (gas or
    liquid) flows. The surface enclosing the control volume is
    referred to as the control surface
     At steady state, a control volume can be thought of as an
    arbitrary volume in which the mass of the fluid remains
    constant. As fluid moves through the control volume, the mass
    entering the control volume is equal to the mass leaving the
    control volume

    2 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Selection of Control Volume
     You choose the control volume that is most
    convenient for the problem you want to solve
     Steady flow problems are often easier than
    unsteady ones, so control volume (a) may be
    preferable

    steady flow unsteady flow

    3 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Conservation of Mass

    In a confined system, all of the mass that

    enters the system, must also exit the

    system at the same time

    4 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Continuity Equation: One
    Dimensional Steady Flow
     The application of the principle of conservation of mass to a
    steady flow in a streamtube results in the equation of
    continuity, which describes the continuity of the flow from
    continuity
    section to section of the streamtube

    5 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Continuity Equation: One
    Dimensional Steady Flow

    6 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Continuity Equation: One
    Dimensional Steady Flow

    7 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Continuity Equation: One
    Dimensional Steady Flow

    8 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Continuity Equation: One
    Dimensional Steady Flow

    9 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Continuity Equation: One
    Dimensional Steady Flow
     Why does a hose with a nozzle shoot water further?

     If A2 < A1 then V2 > V1


     Thus, water exiting a nozzle has a higher velocity
    10 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 1

    11 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 1 (Solution)

    12 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 2

    13 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 2 (Solution)

    14 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 3

    15 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 3 (Solution)

    16 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed
    Example 3 (Solution)

    17 Fluid Mechanics-2nd Semester 2010- [4] Conservation of Mass Dr. Sameer Shadeed

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