TPO45 听力

[Listening]
Conversation 1

1. Why does the student go to see the man?(Click on 2 answers)【题型】目的主旨题

□ To discontinue a campus service
□ To pay the fee for her campus mailbox
□ To get information about mailing a package
□ To pick up a package
答案：AD

破题关键词汇：why

解析：（从第 19“开始，原文重现：Well, my roommate asked me to pick

something up for her. I told her I was coming down here….

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52”I’ll be able to receive…, so I don’t really need my campus

mailbox.）
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Man 说“What can I do for you ?”之后，girl 说了上面所示的来意。所以 AD

为正确选项。
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2. What does the man say about the campus mailbox service? 【题型】细节题
O Its rates for all students have recently gone down.
O It is the only way to receive certain mailings about university events
O All students are required to use it.
O It is more reliable than e-mail.
答案：B

破题关键词汇：campus mailbox service

解析：（从第 59”开始，原文重现：Although I should tell you that we do

recommend that students use the campus mailbox service even if they

are moving off campus. …

1’18” Yes， that’s true. But… theyar only attributed to campus

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mailboxes. None of that is mailed off campus.）

Man 说像是 newsletters, flyers，notices 等只分发到 campus mailboxes. 所

以 B 选项正确。

3. How does the student usually obtain information about campus events? (Click on

2 answers) 【题型】细节题

□ She reads about them on the university Web site.

□ She learns about them at her place of work.
□ She sees the posters on a bulletin board.
□ Her roommate tells her about them.

答案：BC 美
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破题关键词汇：how, obtain information

解析：
（从第 1’31”开始，原文重现：Well, I worked at the college newspaper,
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so I should be able to keep on top of what’s going on. Plus there is a

bulletin board… ）
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Girl 明确说了她获取信息的方式：一是通过她所工作的报社的报纸，二是布告栏。

所以 BC 正确。

4. What does the man offer to do for the student? 【题型】细节题

O Reduce the cost of renting a mailbox

O Send her a form to fill out
O Provide university organizations with her new address
O Deliver a package to her apartment
答案：A

破题关键词汇：what, offer

解析：（从第 1’39”开始，原文重现： But you know if it’s the campus

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mailbox fee, I might be able to offer you a less expensive rate for next

year.）

Man 明确说可以在下学期 offer a less expensive rate.故 A 选项正确。

5. Why does the student say this: 【题型】重听题

O To indicate that she agrees with the man
O To inform the man of a recent development
O To prevent a misunderstanding
O To support her own position
答案：C

破题关键词汇：why

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解析：（从第 1’08”开始，原文重现：Man: Well, if any of your professors

want to notify you of changes to class schedules or get in touch with you
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for any reason… Girl: My professors have my email address.）

Man 说如果教授有事情要通知学生…Girl 打断了教授的话说她的教授都有其电

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子邮箱地址。所以 Girl 说的目的是为了避免教授误解她。故 C 选项正确。

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Lecture 1

1. What is the lecture mainly about? 【题型】内容主旨题

O Reasons for the transition from religious to secular themes in Renaissance art
O The disproportionate influence of Italian artists during the Renaissance period
O Techniques used during the Renaissance to produce realistic works of art
O A comparison of themes in paintings and sculptures during the Renaissance
答案：C

破题关键词汇：what, mainly about

解析：（从第 27”开始，原文重现：And there are different ways that these

natural themes were explored…But today I’d like to consider an

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influential Italian Renaissance artist… different approach. ）

教授先说开发 natural themes 有 different ways,之后就说要以 Italian

Renaissance 时期的一位艺术家为例加以说明，再综合整个讲座，可知讲座的主

题就是讨论在意大利文艺复兴时期所使用的制作艺术作品所使用的技巧。

2. What is the professor's opinion of Leon Battista Alberti as an artist? 【题型】态度

题
O Alberti’s interests were too diverse for him to succeed in any one field
O Alberti was ineffective in imposing his own theories on other artists.
O Alberti was a much more skilled artist than da Vinci or Michelangelo.
O Alberti represents the Renaissance ideal of wide-ranging achievement.
答案：D 美
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破题关键词汇：Leon Battista Alberti

解析：
（从第 54”开始，原文重现： Leon Battisa Alberti was a painter… very
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wide-ranging interests, like Da Vinci or Michelangelo,….）

教授介绍 Leon Battisa Alberti 时说他有多个角色，同时说他 wide-ranging

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intereste 兴趣广泛，与达芬奇及米开朗琪罗等艺术家类似…因此教授认为 Leon

Battisa Alberti 是有广泛成就的代表，故 D 选项正确。

3. According to the professor, what did Alberti consider to be the most important

aspect of a Renaissance painting? 【题型】细节题

O That it convey an appealing narrative
O That its figures be posed symmetrically
O That its theme not be religious
O That its characters be positioned within a landscape
答案：A

破题关键词汇：important, Renaissance painting

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解析：（从第 1’11“开始，原文重现：Alberti believed that the most

important approach for a painter was to capture a story or narrative. ）

抓住讲座中的关键词 important 和 narrative 就可以很容易知道 A 选项为正确

选项。

4. Why did some artists begin to use the contrapposto pose? 【题型】细节题
O To create a cartoon-like effect
O To help viewers identify the main figure in a work of art
O To show the relative sizes of human figures
O To make human figures appear more natural
答案：D

破题关键词汇：contrapposto pose
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解析：（从第 1‘51“重现：Well, Alberti needed characters, right?..And he
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wanted to represent them as realistically as possible,… One way he

achieved this was to make use of what’s known as “the contrapposto

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pose”.）
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题干问一些艺术家使用 contrapposto pose 的原因，在上面所示的部分 one

way 之前给出了原因：to reprent them as realistically as possible, 故正确选

项为 D。选项 D 中的 natural 对应听力中的 realistically.

5. Why does the professor discuss tendons and muscles? 【题型】功能题

O To emphasize that Alberti’s study of anatomy led to his interest in art
O To show the emphasis Alberti placed on using physically fit models
O To illustrate the difficulty of maintaining a contrapposto pose in real life
O To explain one of Alberti's methods for creating accurate proportions
答案：D

破题关键词汇：tendons and muscles

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解析：
（从第 3’04”重现：But Alberti had a solution. He encouraged artists

to visualize… This would give the artist an idea of the …imaging

attaching the tendons and muscles…）

教授指出 messing up the proportions 的后果会导致人物形象 cartoon-like

and unnatural 之后说 Alberti 有解决方法，之后提到了 tendons and muscles,

所以答案为 D。

6. Why was the development of linear one-point perspective important to

Renaissance artists? 【题型】 细节题

O It helped painters to place figures more symmetrically within their paintings.
O It allowed painters to create an illusion of three dimensions.
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O It enabled artists to paint large landscapes for the first time.
O It encouraged artists to take an interest in geometry.
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答案：B

破题关键词汇：linear one-point perspective

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解析：（从第 4‘09“重现： In particular, the type of …was called”Linera

One-point Perspective”）
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该句出现了关键词 linear one-point perspective，往后听到 8’35”By

drawing figures and objects… This gives the illusion of a third dimension,

and makes the work of art more realistic.出现了 the illusion of a third

dimension，所以 B 为正确选项。

Lecture 2

1. What is the lecture mainly about? 【题型】内容主旨题

O The process by which immune cells are produced
O The effects of consuming far fewer calories than usual

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O The function of an organ found in rhesus monkeys and in humans
O The discovery of a nutrient necessary for good health
答案：A

破题关键词汇：mainly about

解析：
（从第 18“开始，原文重现：So that’s the overview of human immune

system….naive T-cells. Can you go over that part again? ）

讲座一开始，教授就说明了讲座的主旨是已经讲过 immune systems 了，学生

要求再讲一下 naïve T-cells 的情况。可见正确答案是 A。

2. Why does the professor mention the thymus? 【题型】组织结构题

O To explain how different types of food are turned into energy
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O To give an example of an organ attacked by certain bacteria
O To introduce a research study by a nutritional biologist
O To answer a question about certain immune cells
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答案：D

破题关键词汇：thymus
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解析：
（从第 18“开始，原文重现：Students: And also why do we call them
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that any way?... Professor: It’s a small organ in the body. Anyway, that’s

why we call them that. They come from the thymus. And T-cells are a part

of body’s immune system.）

根据关键词 thymus 可知，教授提到 thymus 的目的就是为了回答学生的提问。

故 D 选项正确。

3. According to the professor, why are some cells called "naive"?【题型】细节题

O They originate from a relatively primitive type of cell.
O They are easily eliminated by the immune system.
O They are not yet able to recognize any particular protein marker.
O They can become part of any one of various organs of the body.

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答案：C

破题关键词汇：naive

解析：
（从第 47“开始，原文重现：But why naïve?...It’s learned to recognize

a protein marker that identifies this particular kind of bacterium. But

before it’s learned to recognize any particular protein from outside the

body, we call it naïve. ）

这些地方出现了关键词，C 选项符合题目所问。

4. In a recent study mentioned by the professor, what are two differences between
the monkeys that have been fed a normal diet and the ones that have not?(Click on

2 answers) 【题型】细节题
□ The monkeys on a normal diet appear older.
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□ The monkeys on a normal diet get sick less often.
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□ The monkeys on a normal diet have fewer naive T cells.
□ The monkeys on a normal diet tend to live longer.
答案：AC
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破题关键词汇：monkey, normal diet

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解析：（从第 2‘57“开始，原文重现： the calorie restricted monkeys are

much healthier and they just look and act younger thant the monkeys in

the normal diet group.

3’55”So later on in life, there are fewer and fewer of these naïve T-cells

left to deal with any new disease-causing organisms….）

这两处与选项 AC 分别对应，故 AC 为正确答案。

5. What does the professor think about a calorie-restricted diet?(Click on 2 answers)

【题型】态度题
□ She would not find it easy to follow.

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□ She is not sure humans would benefit from it
□ Doctors are not likely ever to recommend it for people.
□ It would probably affect humans differently than it affects monkeys.
答案：AB

破题关键词汇：a calorie-restricted diet

解析：
（从第 4‘24“开始，原文重现： And that’s why they live longer? Well,

it’s got be one reason. This is all pretty complex though with lots of

details yet to be worked out.

But are results the same for humans? …Hard to say. A good study would

take decades. And it’s not easy…）

这里的 complex 与选项 A 的 not easy 对应。

Hard to say 与选项 B 的 not sure 对应。

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6. What does the professor mean when she says this: 【题型】功能题（重听题）
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O Problems in the study make its conclusions difficult to believe.

O The actual effect on mice was not what it seemed.
O Other studies of mice produced different results.
O Other animals seem to react as mice do.
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答案：D

破题关键词汇：what

解析：（从第 2’13”开始，原文重现：

P:And the result , the underfed mice lived much longer than the normally

fed ones.

S: Wow！Does that just go for mice?

P: Apparently not. ）

学生问教授结论是否仅仅适合 mice，教授给予了否定。也就是结论对其它队伍

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也是适合的。所以 D 选项正确。

Conversation 2

1. Why does the woman go to see the professor? 【题型】目的主旨题

O To get suggestions about what to include in her next presentation
O To follow up on a question she had raised in class
O To update him on a research project she is helping him organize
O To get information about a program that he had mentioned in class
答案：D

破题关键词汇：why

解析：
（从第 6”开始，原文重现：Excellent presentation you made at the end

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of class yesterday… Yeah, it makes so much sense.）
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教授开门见山地对学生的 presentation 给予了评价，之后围绕 presentation

所涉及的 program 展开讨论。故 D 选项正确。

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2. What do the speakers agree is a benefit of the build-operate-transfer economic

model that they discuss? 【题型】细节题

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O It permits government engineers to work on private construction projects.

O It helps private companies buy facilities that were built by the government.
O It enables public facilities to be constructed without government funding.
O It enables private companies to operate public facilities that the government
builds.
答案：C

破题关键词汇：benefit ，the build-operate-transfer

解析：
（从第 36”开始，原文重现： …build operate transfer…If governments

allow private companies to build public works… everyone benefits. …And

all without the government having to spend any money upfront…）

教授谈到了 build operate transfer 之后，学生说此项目的其中一个好处就是政

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府不需要提前投资公共设施。故 C 选项正确。

3. Why does the professor point out how much coffee is produced in Brazil? 【题型】

细节题
O To give an example of the economic model the woman is interested in
O To explain why it is appropriate for him to teach a seminar about coffee
O To help clarify one of the goals of the Global Enrichment Initiative
O To correct a common misperception about Brazil's economy
答案：B

破题关键词汇：coffee, Brazil

解析：（从第 1’52”开始，原文重现： I‘ll be going to Brazil to teach a

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seminar … Coffee’s played a central role in Brazil’s economic

development for...About a third of the coffee consumed worldwide is

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produced in Brazil.）

根据原文，因为 coffee 在 Brazil 的经济中起着重要作用，所以教授认为举办

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coffee seminar 是非常合适的，因此他对 Brazil 生产多少咖啡是有研究的。

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4. Why is the woman interested in applying to go only to Turkey? (Click on 2 answers)

【题型】细节题
□ She has been studying Turkey's history and language.
□ She has already visited Brazil and Russia.
□ She believes that selecting just one country will help her get accepted into the
program.
□ She would like to see how an economic model she studied is put into practice
there.
答案：AD

破题关键词汇：why，only to Turkey

解析：
（从第 2’35”开始，原文重现：I’m only interested in Turkey, though.

I I’m studying both Turkish and Turkish history this term.

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And maybe I could learn more about how they’re implementing the

build operate transfer model there.）

原文所说的这两条理由分别对应选项 A 和 D。

5. What does the professor imply when he says this: 【题型】推理题

O He thinks that going first helped the woman be less nervous about giving a
presentation.
O He hopes other students will structure their presentations the way the woman did.
O The woman was the first student ever to give a presentation on Turkey's economy
in his class.
O He is relieved that the class is staying on schedule for making presentations.
答案：D

破题关键词汇：imply
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解析：（从第 10”开始，原文重现： I’m glad you volunteered to present
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first.）

选项 D 中的 relieved 与原文的 glad 对应，故 D 为正确答案。

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Lecture 3
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1. What does the professor mainly discuss? 【题型】内容主旨题

O Characteristics of different types of mixtures
O Differences between mixtures and solutions
O Ways of separating components of mixtures
O Identifying variable properties of solutions
答案：A

破题关键词汇：mainly discuss

解析：（从第 18”开始，原文重现： Now, there are two main kinds of

mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous. Maybe I should put this on

the board.）

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讲座开始不久，教授就说明了讲座的主题。A 选项与上文对应。

2. In the lecture, the professor gives examples of homogeneous and heterogeneous

mixtures. For each mixture below, indicate which kind it is. 【题型】细节题
Click in the correct boxes
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Dirty water
Salt water
Smoke
Soil

答案：BABB

破题关键词汇：homogeneous , heterogeneous

解析：从第 1’52”开始，原文重现：
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You can see the boundary between them and in fact…说明 soil 是

heterogeneous 的。
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2‘30“But that’s not so for all of them, like smoke. Actually，... But if

you magnify it, you can see that there are tiny solid and liquid particles
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suspended in the air. So actually what you got in smoke are three

phases… 说明 smoke 是 heterogeneous 的。

3’01”Dirty water is water that has suspended solid matter in it …The

boundaries are detectable. So multiple phases.说明 dirty water 是

heterogeneous 的。

3‘47“When salts dissolve in water no amount of magnification…There

are no detectable boundaries between salt and water.说明 salt 是

homogeneous 的。

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3. What is one basis for classifying a mixture as homogeneous or heterogeneous?
【题型】细节题
O Whether its component parts are the same type of matter
O Whether its component parts are present in equal proportions
O Whether it contains one phase or more than one phase
O Whether it appears, without magnification, to contain a single component
答案：C

破题关键词汇：classifying a mixture

解析：
（从第 53”开始，原文重现： So a homogeneous mixture is the same

throughout. It contains only phase. ….Now if homogeneous mixtures are

ones.. Mixtures that are different throughout.）

根据原文的以上两处信息可知区分的标准是 phase 的情况，故 C 选项正确。 美

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4. What can be inferred from the lecture about the process of distillation? 【题型】

推理题
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O It cannot be used if a mixture has variable properties.

O It can be used to separate the components of homogeneous mixtures.
O It is used to change heterogeneous mixtures Into homogeneous mixtures.
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O It is a more efficient way of separating components of heterogeneous mixtures

than filtration.
答案：B

破题关键词汇：distillation

解析：（从第 3’58“开始，原文重现：Even so, what you can do with

solutions is separate the parts by a process called distillation.）

从这句话可知，distillation 是可以分开 solutions 的，而 solutions 是属于

homogeneous 的，故 B 选项正确。

5. Why does the professor mention the freezing point of a mixture? 【题型】组织结
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构题
O To explain why salt dissolves in water
O To emphasize that mixtures can exist in a frozen state
O To show how filtration and distillation differ
O To give an example of a variable property of mixtures
答案：D

破题关键词汇：freezing point

解析：（从第 4‘23”开始，原文重现： Now, there are other ways,… uh,

variable properties….A really simple example of this is…they vary of

course, because of the relative amounts of the components, and the

melting or freezing points of liquids too.）

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教授提到 variable property 之后举了一个例子，例子提到了 freezing point，
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故 D 选项正确。

6. What does the professor imply when he says this: 【题型】推理题

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O He wants to correct a statement he made previously.

O He is uncertain whether the students understood his explanation.
O The meaning of a term should be obvious to the students.
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O The students are probably unaware that they have already seen examples of
heterogeneous mixtures.
答案：C

破题关键词汇：imply

解析：（从第 1’31“开始，原文重现：then what do you suppose

heterogeneous mixtures are? ）

教授在讲解了 homogeneous mixture 的定义之后，说 homogeneous

mixtures are the ones that are the same throughout,然后说了上面的话，可

见在教授看来，这个答案是很明显的，故 C 选项是正确选项。

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Lecture 4

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture? 【题型】目的主旨题

O To explore possible solutions to an anthropological mystery
O To analyze the results of a nutritional experiment
O To explain why human beings first started creating ceramics
O To examine changes in the dietary preferences of an ancient culture
答案：A

破题关键词汇：main purpose

解析：
（从第 26”开始，原文重现： So the question I want to look at today

concerns the use of ceramic cooking vessels… why were they developed

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and used there?到了 58”时， 教授又说 In fact, what’s been something of
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a mystery is why they were used at all, in the Arctic, I mean.）

A 选项中的 mystery 来自上文，综合整个 lecture,可知 A 为正确选项。

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2. According to the professor, why would the ceramic vessels used by ancient Arctic
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people be likely to break? 【题型】细节题

O Ancient Arctic people used cooking techniques unsuitable for ceramic pots.
O Ancient Arctic people were frequently moving from place to place.
O The vessels were not made with high-quality clay.
O The vessels were often exposed to extreme temperatures.
答案：B

破题关键词汇：likely to break

解析：
（从第 1‘09“开始，原文重现： What would some of the drawbacks…

Ancient Arctic societies were nomadic…So if people were moving around

all the time, well, the pots would probably keep breaking…Ceramic

cooking vessels can’t be transported easily.）

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B 选项的 moving from place to place 对应原文的 nomadic, 题干的关键词

break 对应如上所示的原文中的 breaking。故 B 选项正确。

3. Why does the professor mention that the Arctic climate is cold and wet? 【题型】

组织结构题
O To explain why ancient Arctic people found warm food appealing
O To explain why ancient Arctic people required a diet that was rich in meat
O To explain the difficulties of manufacturing pottery in such a climate
O To explain why some foods could not be stored in clay pots
答案：C

破题关键词汇：climate , cold and wet

解析：
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（从第 1‘41“开始，原文重现：Warm, dry locations work best for this

of course…So you can see the role that climate would play in whether or
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not ancient people created and used ceramic cooking… manufacturing

pottery would have been a challenge, actually quite difficult for people in
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the Arctic.）
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上文出现了题干的关键词 climate. 选项 C 中的 difficulties 对应上文的

challenge 以及 difficult，所以 C 选项正确。

4. What does the professor imply about ancient Arctic people’s food preferences?
【题型】推理题
O They liked raw foods better than minimaIly cooked foods.
O They enjoyed eating foods that had been prepared in contrasting ways.
O Their preferences changed dramatically over time.
O They liked foods cooked in ceramic vessels better than foods cooked in other types
of containers.
答案：B

破题关键词汇：imply, food preference

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解析：
（从第 3‘10“开始，原文重现：Although the diet…cooked food, …it

was based on an interplay of contrasts, …）

选项 B 中的 contrasting 对应上文的 contrasts， 故 B 选项正确。

5. According to the professor, why did ancient Arctic people cook using small

fires?(Click on 2 answers) 【题型】细节题

□ Their pottery could not withstand intense heat.
□ Small fires made it easier to control cooking speed.
□ Cooking had to be done indoors.
□ Fuel was difficult to obtain.
答案：CD

破题关键词汇：small fire

解析： 美
（从第 3‘56“开始，原文重现： Well, first of all, wood for cooking fires
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was in short supply…food had to be prepared inside, indoors most of the

year. Therefore, fires had to be small, and cooking methods had to be

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efficient.）

C 选项的 indoors 对应上文的 prepared inside, indoors. D 选项的 difficult to

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obtain 对应上文的 wood was in short supply. 故 CD 选项正确。

6. Why does the student say this: 【题型】功能题（重听题）

O He wants to make sure the professor is referring to the past and not the present.
O He does not understand why making ceramics in the Arctic is considered
challenging.
O He thinks the fact that ancient Arctic people made ceramics requires some
explanation.
O He does not believe the ancient Arctic people actually made ceramics.

答案：C

破题关键词汇：why

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解析：（从第 2‘03“开始，原文重现： But you’re saying they did make

ceramic cooking pots.）

学生用了转折词 but 和强调助动词 did 来说明教授说过 Arctic people 确实用过

ceramic cooking pots. 他的目的就是让教授对所说的话给予一定的解释。故 C

选项正确。

美
留
华
华

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