chapter -2 cei Poteti anl

Capacitamce

eevic petenial soTk do

uit charaR Mmmovim9a chaT
TOm i nty to t

A
+ a at oo
B A

A A, v =
At Va

S.T.lt is voltCv)
Potem bial di ce: o k done e
wtchoraa i a Smmallpostie
est ehor
chorga ow peitt ouoer
erpotea
Poteuti
 &lecrie potrutiot at A, V WoA
Wo

electcpoteutial ot B, V

:Vg-VA Ws wA
Vo

iechriepotewial due poit ckarg

BA
+ - ato

aelerie iell
tesity af oiut A r o Aia to ty s.,
Oy

e Small amouut serk doe Per Unit

chart movima a
osiie est char
 O A to

dv - EAx AB dx
b ee cause dr is eCASUmed
alo
emea«*i di of

Tt amon tok do rov

ao to ,

V -E . -
d

CATE.

Electvic poteutal is scalar

V 910 Saee
V 9x10 a a mediun
Note E

Potentiod due to Sstem i

charges ON

Ttoteuial a P., %-

V,+v,+Y,+.. .4N M

.
ON

ON
sace
V
 du
Po ten tial at C poit to
P
cleetvic dpole

Let
A
Let A = , ad B2*,

draus a1 B to i
of ad a ACC 20

frO AOCA.,
Cos OC

OA

=> OC a los 9 OAa

Fro A o0B.,
oD a (as O
Cos

t t a o i t e due to tt eleie

le '
Poe tial a apoit du

eleetie d gele P

Let oP aud ZPoB^G P

A
Let A= *, ad
Bf-*
dras a 17 Bo
C
Of ada AC
to0P

Fro A oCA.
2
OC
Cos =
OA

<> OC
OA a
a Cos 9

A o0B.,
Cos OD a las
'oG a
, t
ati t e due to t eletvie
e'
N
 ' AP ECP oP+oc Of+a loso

Also T, B pe = OP -oD *-a losg

1 1
-a los talos 0

2alos2aCos
P Cos
u(Talos'o)
a , ida ele
Cos 9

Here
, ,mot ke ttA A

o i chare to hena

teutia du to an elie dle

dapeds o t a t
bositio a ole
m o n e

S ecke Coases,
at axia e
Cas O
N P

hes a
ecA notor a

VePos so

Eapoteutial Surace
Te Suoe o e ohe

oteutial is Cos taut

Proertes
COo dova mosa o
eipotuhial Sulece ro

WAR-(v,-V v

Tsacinbet epotatial sue

enables us to
wea k ields
Stoq
E

E dr

eaotl Su ce co ener

s e er
Eieet ric P.E Ste oto
peit chages

A (,)
B( )
W Vg-oVa

V 13

.' W y,y.

'. w ,N
V

+ve . E mecns, o r K Con be obhained

on Sstem
8.E weo us, lo or k heso pe
Electic .E
a eleetvie dipole i
ani cleetic eld

Tora aeina O

pole 2a

dipole s Yotated Through a

Sall ana do aaief tora, e

Shmall amouut ap work doue is.
S

TotTota or k doe On ottine

diele t o is,
 os 9

W -pEo-Coso,3
O, 90 Cmt

(alomq ),et
-pE
Coss
. -p£ losg
-P.E | i vecovv

Cases

0 , a-pE|I i i 0.
ashable
eqlipim
9 90 u o.6 le is Zewo
mac . 6 a
u s tule eqibviu
 A Combinahio t Comduetoys placed
close each thay is cell-d a a pae toy. 3s a

davi ce that tapar ble ostovcba

parallel lahe , clidical CeramiC Copacibvs,
etc.

For aie atov , chov O t Caoov

is tioul t t r a l dilece V bet

te plates

CCapacitance T Copacitov
ratio achorg tes
t. tomk A: is called f copacitan ca

Copactor
Cc odohyl yal d micva-
Volt

A cator is
( () F)
Saido have acpacltomee o r d
1 ac um ulatrs
a.d
ead lahes da
ivis
opplid across lars
Copeci tance degedso, s e T toCode
Su&aces, seeeatio bet tha
Suoces a-mate tta insulai 2
ateria
 Copaethane la
-V

L A ata Cactaeh plale

tbet
V P.d
charg oceeh late
S8 chadas A

Teletde iel bet ttlats is u ma ts

maqwitle S

E Ganss as
A S

Also, E

V
A
V d
C
At

C AS
 a tSare bet* lakes is ;. t a a medu

absolute ermi ( - 6.k

C A .

AC

.kA
C
Combinati o Ceaidors
)Sevis A
i)Ravaliel
Cy
t Sevies

V V, +V4V

V A N
C

For two

C,+C
) SralN.l
N

, *V,*V,

C,+C2 +C

ses s (oueched
e a i a l r t Capotmce
Parlle a-Secvtases ss Coeeei Seies
stored in a charged_Cpoci tor
C

nall ehog da, ' ur1t

A

tSmoll .D i»
tromsed , t

dw V day c v , daacd,
du zs Cv dy
. T o tal D
ralsittal roo to V
Cvdv c 2

shu ta cpactto,u c v

iules
Note Ererga slieel is V,but tta e
eleetit is , i.e ret hal! is di ssiphd
heat Conneca ies a batery hel
Toteera Stord Cobination oCaacitors ,
C
Ca a
. Sees

. Tt e se
V

Sum so
aTle
Ttes
s t . ev
t , + -.)
N

Su ee sto
tkiid-ataparti

dietectic Co~st
to dielecte stab ( t ) .

she o
sab, n E.

E.
Sex FitSlab,

Eerists (d- +) a E exists i t

V E. LA-t) + Et

=> V:
.(A)
y E.(A-) +
Dielec
C-Stet
 A .
C CA

mediu is
se, t d
C

b tutia slab (t)

C fA
C-E)

Noks Coduetor asulatv, dielede olaisatiou ,

olavddecvie a Ceutre o 5 i NR Ca Coimcides

Csgetie choe) itk Te Ceutre egatie ehova i t t

me leceale 2ete. has Fero pole
monuA ts oy ma state.
Polar dieleetie : AeCetre pothe a wegate cho
char
da coin cide. e.a,
met HCl
,etc. has Seme
spotaeous lor iutsie) or
r a t eleehrie
dpole
 (
4

Non - elav molecules

A
A
L
E
olay oleCales
 Dialec olar2otiou
she
heu a nou-polav dilechic is hald in an
externo elechteield £. , t ceute a.
each molecule p u l l e d t kri E . at

Cotre chaxqs is leiadiediou

osite ereoTe , ft tuwo Cets o

ositie aleaatia os ' lecle

Serated, A molecude ads distov ted a ' s said to

be lav sed iny ole moe

to each moleCule.

Dieleetyse Coustat

e ratlo exhea

th ednced val elechreeld (E)is Cotash

materia ,called dieleeic Ca

sta. (k) or (C.)

e natimum
eecel a oteleote
ediu ttsta
Co sha out breakiq douwn s
isala s caled ats dalee e sht
ENearie Susce

PE

A> elechuie ele

Fov Vattnum , I =o