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Ri

'a' e Ve

kvL kvL @ aicuit


Loop
Reonp - V; +V, - V, tVo =0

Vg = V2-V,
apply keL a!

I +I, = Ie

Vi +
2.uput ollset Csreut:
|Tosl= Te Tg
Tp aket Cunseut dilfenena Cusount

141

Ke- lolc, Vo loxio x 20 ox lo


4
|M Vooo MV. 200uV
Oupews atzon tech nie:

t2 Re

Rs
1, luwent sowces 6.02. 2024
2. Seheatic a Let4|v
3 Suply and tenupenalax
independant biig Senukan pcscnlaton
4 Baud gap Hejoens
5. Mouolue Te opanp.V Tay ansp, men In aet
b. Jpes. Yo laqe folLoasn,
. Ac/pE chanackuil'u Pro blems
datashu!
8 Trtu prehahon of TL 082 IC44 datateet
9.Poblem Helated to te toples

I +I2 Te
'aply IccL

Rconp
R
R

2. Tg-Te Rconp ’

Sub Ret
20.02.24
Tuput opfse volha
W # Cestein lbalauees ectshung

Olud
theu
te ptoniay
a swal voltaaf at
Zer
to alce outpt Voltege
Vo to Zero.
laput foralahg
at the
(R+Rt

It
Ri
) We

Vias
Totel output offet o lhege
Vor = ) Vos + Rg T[

Eeop
Vor (It /e ) Vos t+R Tos
eytset coupeualim pes h nulty
Thenwal drtt
Ip, Tes and KHeet Veltago clangc
twith teporalDu.
c'a cert ulled at âse
uit ot le aung lles cat 3se.
callas dott
Offet Cwsut d}t nA/'e
drjt v/'c

_Caslly ponted Cit eeeit boand


heas
to steLeze tee auebeah
teepera la
Chay n Vollesy cVios) wm kupalsi,
AVios Themeal drt in Vies
AT

chang in loveut CIios) ot enpemta


ATos
AT

chaug in folal
is fa output offset Voltage
Ib Vios dud Tibs

Vor AVios ATos


AT

Proen oltaq Ey= AVoT

AT
AT
AT- chaug ie upatun.
Fo ap
Vos -KE VEv
nNon inventng au Vo
Ac Chanactuust'u:
dezreas
Sae gais for Je aud De- Et gah
it
Rell-o<!
feqaey
afler Cesteuin
Conpoveut in the
becauy of Capaethire op-anp
9ibalent ciicét o) the
cauy he
Coponeut s be
apcchve thedete aud
Fhypeas chaactushw of
u ehn of opauy.
the tst nal
For tap op_arnp
olth
ouly
capaeitaue
he

Can t upseued by a sehg

Ro
Vo

J
eodel
acol wihamilar
)Thoe i's One ole b c a r Ro aud

Stolto state is -RodBldecade


open loop Veliag gan Ao )- Velva
output Vottas Ve AoVd
Rjxe
AoL C) Vo AoL
Va
RojXe

Rotc
Ao 1+iRouwl
AoL

Lek us considen be CootnoCut o< t /brcah

Hqju) AoL' AeL

4- AoL
|Hjl. An

o
decade ts

(tyscale)
A psactcal op-anp a hay
Riags capactire Conponeub.
ha Hou bieak feeeuee
+hen A AoL.

A A wgwz
2edeldeeoda

-looddecad

-bodeBaa

Slabli ty of an op.aup
Foy
gatir fadket tonuph,
clored toop teaft tn,
Ac A

A’ openlaop rellag gain pabbas


th
Caucet
ben lerds aserltatioin
I-(-Af) =D,
IABl- aud -Ap 20 (ultiple ofz)

Conupeusatn
&nlor Sntrnal
Pole zeno
Donunaut
Po

Sew ta tu
Vare blu oV/us h looovus

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