AS 102: PLATES – FINAL PROJECT 6.

Water substance at 70 bar and 65oC enters a boiler

tube of constant inside diameter of 25 mm. The
Name: ________________________ water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar and 700 K
at velocity of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet velocity
INSTRUCTION: Show the necessary solution to each (m/s).
problem: a. 1.56 b. 2.12
c. 1.672 d. 3.230
1. The entropy in kJ/kg-K at 90% moisture of a 1 MPa 7. Water substance at 70 bar and 65oC enters a boiler
steam-water mixture is: tube of constant inside diameter of 25 mm. The
At 1 MPa: water leaves the boiler tube at 50 bar and 700 K
sg = 6.5865; sfg = 4.4478 at velocity of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet volume
a. 4.87 b. 6.14 of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet volume flow (li/s).
c. 2.583 d. 4.36 a. 0.821 b. 1.561
2. At 1.3 MPa, mixture steam and water have an c. 0.344 d. 2.133
entropy of 4 kJ/kg-K. Find the enthalpy of the 8. One lb (0.455 kg) of a mixture of steam and water
mixture. at 160 psia (1103.2 kPaa) is in rigid vessel. Heat is
At 1.3 MPa: added to the vessel until the content are at 560
sf = 2.2515; sg = 6.4953 psia (3861.2 kPaa) and 600oF (315.55oC).
hf = 514.93; hfg = 1972.7 Determine the quantity of heat in kJ added to the
a. 1627.71 kJ/kg water and steam in the tank.
b. 1533.33 kJ/kg a. 1423.70 b. 1392.34
c. 1234.45 kJ/kg c. 1562.34 d. 1294.45
d. 1734.45 kJ/kg 9. Steam at the rate of 600 kg/hr is produced by a
3. Mixture with 80% quality at 500 kPa is heated steady flow system boiler from feedwater
isothermally until its pressure is 300 kPa. Find the entering at 40oC. Find the rate at which heat is
heat added during the process. transformed in kCal/hr if enthalpy of steam is 660
At 500 kPa: kCal/kg and of the feedwater at 40 kCal/kg.
sf = 1.8607; sfg = 4.9606 a. 372,000 b. 387,000
At 300 kPa and 151.86oC: c. 345,200 d. 312,444
s = 7.0888 kJ/kg 10. Steam leaves and industrial boiler at 827.4 kPa
a. 652.34 kJ/kg and 171.6oC. A portion of the steam is passed
b. 535.16 kJ/kg through a throttling calorimeter and is exhausted
c. 983.44 kJ/kg to the atmosphere when the calorimeter pressure
d. 765.34 kJ/kg is 101.4 kPa. How much moisture does the steam
4. A tank contains exactly one kilogram of water leaving the boiler contain if the temperature is
consisting of liquid and vapor in equilibrium at 1.0 115.6oC?
MPa. If the liquid and vapor each occupy one-half a. 3.78% b. 3.08%
the volume of the tank, what is the enthalpy of the c. 4.56% d. 2.34%
content of the tank? 11. Steam enters a throttling calorimeter at a
a. 644.40 kJ/kg pressure of 1.03 MPa. The calorimeter
b. 774.40 kJ/kg downstream pressure and temperature are
c. 833.40 kJ/kg respectively 0.100 MPa and 125oC. What is the
d. 435.29 kJ/kg percentage moisture if the supply steam?
5. A vessel with a volume of 1 m3 contains liquid Properties of steam:
water and water vapor in equilibrium at 600 kPa. p, MPa hfg hg
The liquid water has a mass of 1 kg. Using steam 1.03 2010.7 2779.25
tables, calculate the mass of water vapor. Note: @ 0.1 MPa and 125oC:
a. 3.16 kg b. 0.99 kg h = 2726.6 kJ/kg.
c. 1.57 kg d. 1.89 kg a. 2.62 b. 5.21
 c. 3.15 d. 1.98 the pressure rises to 3.5 MPa and 400oC.
12. A vessel of 0.058 m capacity is well insulated and
3
Determine the heat added.
is divided equally by a rigid conducting a. 1378.64 kJ b. 1532.56 kJ
diaphragm. Initially both halves contain air at c. 1456.78 kJ d. 1635.45 kJ
pressure of 137.8 kPa and 413.4 kPa and 20. Atmospheric pressure boils at 212oF. At the
temperature 27oC and 177oC respectively. What is vacuum pressure at 24 in-Hg, the temperature is
the increase of entropy of the system in kJ/oC? 142oF. Find the boiling temperature when the
a. 1.002 b. 0.5080 pressure is increased by 45 psia.
c. 0.00173 d. 0.1080 a. 342.34oF b. 526.34oF
13. Using steam table. Find the enthalpy of steam at c. 479.13oF d. 263.45oF
kPa if its specific volume is 0.3598 m3/kg. 21. What is the temperature in oC of 2 liters of water
a. 1625.86 kJ/kg at 30oC after 500 calories of heat have been
b. 1785.34 kJ/kg added to?
c. 1543.45 kJ/kg a. 35.70 b. 30.25
d. 1687.55 kJ/kg c. 38.00 d. 39.75
14. A throttling calorimeter is connected to the 22. A mass of 0.36 kg metal having a temperature of
superheated steam line supplying steam to the 100oC is plunged into 0.04 kg if water at 20oC. The
auxiliary feed pump on a ship. The line pressure temperature of the water and metal becomes
measures 2.5 MPa. The calorimeter pressure of 48oC. The latent heat of ice at 0oC is 335 kJ/kg-K,
137.8 kPa and 413.4 kPa and temperature of 27oC assuming no heat loss to the surroundings,
and 177oC respectively. What is the increase of determine the specific heat capacity of the metal
entropy of the system in kJ/K? in kJ/kg-K.
a. 6.8 b. 7.2 a. 0.234 b. 0.564
c. 6.6 d. 7.5 c. 0.754 d. 0.451
15. Steam enters an isothermal compressor at 400oC 23. What is the total energy required heating in
and 100 kPa. The exit pressure is 10 MPa, raising the temperature of a given amount of
determine the change of enthalpy. water when the energy applied is 1000 kW.hr with
a. 198 kJ/kg b. 178 kJ/kg heat losses of 25%?
c. 187 kJ/kg d. 182 kJ/kg a. 1,000 b. 1,500
16. Steam enters an adiabatic at 300oC and 400 kPa. c. 1,333 d. 1,250
It exits as a saturated vapor at 30 kPa. Determine
the work done. 24. A 30 kg iron was put in a container with 14.33 kg
a. 476.34 kJ/kg water. The water is at 10oC and the iron has an
b. 441.50 kJ/kg initial temperature of 439 K until the iron was in
c. 436.33 kJ/kg thermal equilibrium with water. Find the change
d. 524.34 kJ/kg in entropy. (cp = 0.4 kJ/kg.K).
17. A 0.5 m3 tank contains saturated steam at 300 a. -12.56 kJ/K b. -43.58 kJ/K
kPa. Heat is transferred until pressure reaches c. -25.78 kJ/K d. -6.6 kJ/K
100 kPa. Find the final temperature. 25. A steam generating plant has two 20 MW turbo-
a. 94.45oC b. 83.23oC generators. Steam is supplied at 1.7 MPa and
c. 99.63oC d. 103.2oC 320oC. Exhaust is 0.006 MPa. Daily average load
factor is 80%. The steam generating units operate
18. A 500 li contains a saturated mixture of steam at 70% efficiency when using bunker fuel having
and water at 300oC. Determine the mass of vapor a heating value of 31,150 kJ/kg and an average
if their volumes are equal. steam rate of 5 kgsteam/kW-hr. Calculate the Mtons
a. 11.54 kg b. 10.34 kg of fuel oil/bunker fuel required per 24 hours.
c. 13.45 kg d. 16.34 kg a. 515 b. 432
19. A 1 kg steam-water mixture at 1.0 MPa is c. 6.17 d. 762
contained in an inflexible tank. Heat is added until
26. A back pressure steam turbine of 100,000 kW At 0.17 MPa:
serves as a prime mover in a cogeneration hf = 483.20; sf =1.4752
system. The boiler admits the return water at a hg = 2216.0; sg = 5.7062
temperature of 66oC and produces the steam at At 65.5oC:
6.5 MPa and 455oC. Steam then enters a back hf = 274.14
pressure turbine and expands to the pressure of a. 78 b. 102.10
the process, which is 0.52 MPa. Assuming a c. 91.24 d. 69
boiler efficiency of 80% and neglecting the effect 30. In a cogeneration plant, steam enters the turbine
of pumping and the pressure drops at various at 4 MPa and 400oC. One fourth of the steam is
location, what is the incremental heat rate of extracted from the turbine at 600 kPa pressure
electric? The following enthalpies have been for process heating. The remaining steam
found; turbine entrance = 3306.8 kJ/kg, exit = continues to expand to 10 kPa. The extracted
2700.8; boiler entrance = 276.23 kJ/kg, exit = steam is then condensed and mixed with
3306.8. feedwater are constant pressure and the mixture
a. 21,504 kJ/kW-hr is pumped to the boiler pressure of 4 MPa. The
b. 22,504 kJ/kW-hr mass flow rate of steam through the boiler is 30
c. 23,504 kJ/kW-hr kg/s. Disregarding any pressure drops and heat
d. 24,504 kJ/kW-hr losses in the piping, and assuming the turbine
27. A coal-fired power plant has a turbine-generator and pump to be isentropic, how much process
rated at 1000 MW gross. The plant required about heat is required in kW?
9% of this power for its internal operations. It Steam properties:
uses 9800 tons of coal per day. The coal has a At 4 MPa and 400oC:
heating value of 6,388.9 Kcal/kg and the steam h = 3213.6 kJ/kg, s = 6.7690
generator efficiency is 86%. What is the net At 600 kPa:
station efficiency of the plant in percent? hf = 670.56; sf = 1.9312
a. 30% b. 25% hfg = 2086.3; sfg = 4.8288
c. 33% d. 38% a. 15,646.8 b. 2,458.2
28. A superheat steam Rankine cycle has a turbine c. 1.9312 d. 1,027.9
inlet conditions of 17.5 MPa and 530oC expands 31. In an ideal Reheat cycle, the steam throttled
in a turbine to 0.007 MPa. The turbine and pump condition is 8 MPa and 480oC. The steam is then
polytropic efficiencies are 0.9 and 0.7 reheated to 2 MPa and 460oC, determine cycle
respectively, pressure between pump and turbine efficiency.
inlet are 1.5 MPa. What should be the pump work a. 38.3% b. 24.3%
in kJ/kg? c. 34.3% d. 45.2%
a. 17.3 b. 27.3 32. A reheat steam cycle has 13,850 kPa throttle
c. 37.3 d. 47.3 pressure at the turbine inlet and a 2800 kPa
29. A steam plant operates with initial pressure of reheat pressure, the throttle and reheat
1.70 MPa and 370oC temperature and exhaust to temperature of the steam is 540oC, condenser
a heating system at 0.17 MPa. The Condensate pressure is 3.4 kPa, engine efficiency of high and
from the heating system is returned to the boiler low pressure is 75% find the cycle thermal
at 65.5oC and the heating system utilizes from its efficiency.
intended purpose 90% of the energy transferred a. 34.46% b. 38.40%
from the steam it receives. The ηT is 70%. If boiler c. 36.49% d. 43.45%
efficiency is 80%, what is the cogeneration
efficiency of the system in percent? Neglect 33. Steam is delivered to turbine at 5.4 MPa and
pump work. 600oC. Before condensation at 31oC, steam is
Steam Properties: extracted for feedwater heating at 0.6 MPa. For
At 1.70 MPa and 370oC: an ideal regenerative cycle, find the thermal
h = 3187.1 kJ/kg; s = 7.1081 efficiency.
 a. 23.45% b. 34.34% 38. A heat exchanger was installed purposely to cool
c. 28.34% d. 44.14% 0.50 kg of gas per second. Molecular weight is
34. A steam condenser receives 10 kg/s of steam 28 and k = 1.32. The gas is cooled from 150oC to
with an enthalpy of 2570 kJ/kg. Steam condenses 80oC. Water is available at the rate of 0.30 kg/s
into a liquid and leaves with an enthalpy of 160 and at a temperature of 12oC. Calculate the exit
kJ/kg. Cooling water passes through the temperature of the water in oC.
condenser with temperature increases from 13oC a. 48 b. 42
to 24oC. Calculate the water flow rate in kg/s. c. 46 d. 44
a. 533 b. 518 39. Pump work of Rankine cycle is 15 kJ/kg. Density
c. 523 d. 528 of water entering the pump is 958 kg/m3. If
35. In an open feedwater heater for a steam plant, condenser pressure is 100 kPa, what is the
saturated steam at 7 bar is mixed with subcooled pressure at the entrance of the turbine?
liquid at 7 bar and 25oC. Just enough steam is a. 14.47 MPa b. 20.48 MPa
supplied to ensure that the mixed steam leaving c. 15.67 MPa d. 17.77 MPa
the heater will be saturated liquid at 7 bar when 40. In a Rankine cycle the turbine work is 1,000 kJ/kg
heater efficiency is 90%. Calculate the mass flow and pump work of 13 kJ/kg. If heat generated by
rate of subcooled liquid if steam flow rate is 0.865 generator is 2800 kJ/kg, what is the efficiency of
kg/s. the cycle?
Steam Properties are: a. 35.25% b. 34.75%
At 7 bar, saturated vapor: c. 38.65% d. 30.25%
hg = 2763.5 kJ/kg 41. In a Reheat power plant the difference in enthalpy
At 7 bar, and 25oC: at the entrance and exit is 550 kJ/kg for first stage
hf = 105.5 kJ/kg and second stage is 750 kJ/kg. If both stages has
At 7 bar, saturated liquid: an efficiency of 92% and heat added to boiler is
hf = 697.22 kJ/kg 3,000 kJ/kg. Determine the plant cycle efficiency
a. 2.725 b. 3.356 neglecting the pump work.
c. 2.286 d. 3.948 a. 30% b. 35%
36. Steam expands adiabatically in a turbine from c. 40% d. 45%
2000 kPa, 400oC to 400 kPa, 250oC. What is the 42. An adiabatic feed pump in a steam cycle delivers
effectiveness of the process in percent assuming water to a steam generator at a temperature of
an atmospheric pressure of 15oC? Neglect 200oC and a pressure of 10 MPa. The water
changes in kinetic and potential energy. enters the pump as a saturated liquid at 180oC. If
Steam Properties are: the power supplied to the pump is 75 kW,
At 2000 kPa and 400oC: determine the mass flow rate.
h = 3247.6 kJ/kg; a. 6.23 kg/s B. 8.34 kg/s
s = 7.1270 kJ/kg-K c. 7.39 kg/s d. 9.12 kg/s
At 400 kPa and 250oC: 43. A condenser receives steam from a turbine at 15
h = 2964.2 kJ/kg; kPa, 90% quality, and with a velocity of 240 m/s.
s = 7.3789 kJ/kg-K Determine the increase in circulating water
a. 82 b. 84 required because of high pressure exit velocity if
c. 80 d. 86 the steam flow rate is 38 kg/s and the cooling
37. Steam enters a turbine at 1.4 MPa and 320oC. The water temperature rise is 12oC with an inlet
turbine internal efficiency is 70%, and the total condition of 30oC.
requirement is 800 kW. The exhaust is to the back a. 11.23 kg/s b. 17.23 kg/s
pressure system, maintained at 175 kPa. Find the c. 13.23 kg/s d. 21.78 kg/s
steam flow rate. 44. A steam generator has an exit enthalpy of 3,195.7
a. 2.62 kg/s b. 4.23 kg/s kJ/kg at the rate of 10 kg/s. The enthalpy available
c. 3.23 kg/s d. 5.34 kg/s at the turbine inlet is 3,000 kJ/kg. Determine the
heat lost between boiler outlet and turbine inlet.
 a. 1957 kW b. -1957 kW
c. 1873 kW d. -1873 kW
45. A Rankine cycle has a turbine with available
enthalpy of 800 kJ/kg. The pump has also 10
kJ/kg energy available. Find the net cycle output
of the plant if mass flow rate is 5 kg/s.
a. 2619 kW b. 3950 kW
c. 8745 kW d. 4234 kW
46. A Rankine cycle, the steam is extracted from the
turbine at 2 MPa and 250oC for feedwater heating
and it is mixed with condenser exit at 30 kPa after
pumping. Find the fraction of vapor extracted
from the turbine.
a. 0.23464 b. 0.19338
c. 0.5632 d. 0.3855
47. An adiabatic turbine in a steam generating plant
receives steam at a pressure of 7.0 MPa and
550oC and exhausts at 20 kPa. The turbine inlet is
3 m higher than the turbine exit, the inlet steam
velocity is 15 m/s and the exit is 300 m/s.
Calculate the turbine work in kJ/kg.
a. 1,297.45 b. 1,197.10
c. 1093.45 d. 1823.45
48. A steam power plant operates on the Rankine
cycle. The steam enters the turbine at 7 MPa and
550oC with a velocity of 30 m/s. It discharge to
the condenser at 20 kPa with a velocity of 90 m/s.
Calculate the net work in kW for a flow of 37.8
kg/s.
a. 23.23 MW b. 53.34 MW
c. 34.22 MW d. 46.54 MW
49. A Carnot cycle uses steam as the working
substance and operates between pressure of 7
MPa and 7 kPa. Determine the cycle thermal
efficiency.
a. 44.17% b. 54.23%
c. 34.23% d. 59.4%
50. A supercritical power plant generates steam at 25
MPa and 560oC. The condenser pressure is 7.0
kPa. Determine the exit quality of steam if it
expands through a turbine in this power plant.
a. 45.66% b. 68.45%
c. 56.56% d. 74.26%