Adam's List of the

Created Animals
Joannes Richter

Pentagram P Information Definitions Language

1. ZIBOR P Source: The Bison-Cult (or Why the Minotaur bison Slavic
ZOBIR P and Quinotaur may Symbolize a Bison)
2. WISEN(t) - Bison bonasus, WISEN(t) or European BISON bison Germanic
3. BISON P From: Latin bison "wild ox" (animal) bison Latin
4. ELGUR P the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR) elk Islandic
5. BJØRN P biorn, from Old Norse bjǫrn (“bear”) - probably bjørn (bear) Old Norse
BJORN P from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“brown,
shining”).
6. LÚKOS P wolf (Ancient Greek: Λύκος Lúkos, "wolf" wolf Ancient
Greek
7. SWINE P Swine - Old High German swin, Middle Dutch swine English
SchWEIN swijn, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Old Norse, (animal) German
Swedish, Danish svin)
8. MORIN P MORIN - Mongole „Pferd“, Chinese „ma“ horse Mongol
→ in German Mähre
9. ASINU P in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, ASINU ass Sicilian
Usually compared to Ancient Greek ὄνος (ónos)
(which cannot be its direct ancestor)
10. FELIS P The generic name Felis is derived from Classical Felis Classical
CATUS Latin FELIS CATUS resp. FELIS, meaning Latin
FYRET "cat, ferret"
11. CETUS P Whale ( huge fish, sea monster), whale Latin
Greek ΚΗΗΤΟΣ (kêtos)
12. ŚANKU P [pointed stick, big fish] Big fish Old-Indian
13. SP'ILO P სპილო (SP'ILO) → KA - სპილო (sp'ilo) → ka Elephant Georgisch
NZOKU P NZOKU → KG - nzoku → kg Kikongo
14. MENSCh P man (person) from MENNISKO ('person') (1100) Man Germanic
Table 1 The pentagrams for the most impressive creatures in the world
(Adam's List of the Created Animals)
Abstract
The Book Genesis illustrates how the first human being “Adam” named the animals.
So God creates all the animals and the birds and brings them to Adam to see what he
will call them and “whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name”
(Gen. 2.19). Adam named all the birds and beasts, but no partner was found for him.

Of course Adam could not choose a metaphor to express the animal's attributes in their names.
Adam may have composed the animals' names as pentagrams which represented the 5 letter
categories: lingual, labial, palatal, dental and guttural.
First of all I identified a few easy 5-letter names for the created animals, which could be identified
in a dictionary as Adam's words for the large, wild wisent, bison, elk and wolf : WISENT, ZIBOR,
BISON, MINOS, ELGUR, LÚKOS.
Popular and small animals such as the ass, cat and ferret also could be identified as: ASINU,
FELIS, FYRET. These lists are documented in The Etymology of Man and the Etymology of
Animals.
Adam's words for the largest animals however such as elephants and whales required some more
effort. In Wiktionary, the free dictionary I found a list of 585 words for “Elefant”. Most of these
words do not concentrate on the animal, but restrict to their ivory tusks. Twelf Slavic languages are
using names “Slon” or “sloní”, which may be a possible root for the elephant, but these word are
not genuine pentagrams. Two genuine pentagrams for “elephant” are for the Georgian language
SP'ILO and for Kikongo NZOKU.
Equivalent methods are needed to identify the words CETUS and ŚANKU for the big “fishes” (for
“whales”, “sharks”, etc.).
Introduction
The number of pentagrams is limited. Theoretically the list1 of pentagrams may be completed some
day.
Originally this paper was started to collect the ancient pentragrams for all animals, for which the
ancient names are well known for archaic literature (e.g. Homer's Ilias and Odyssey).
All these words belong to the respectful hunters, who gave names to their impressive and powerful
preys, whose symbolism and names were used to honor the godlike kings (MINOS) and gods (Zeus
as a Tauros). The name-givings for the powerful animals (and their related kings and gods) may
have followed an etymological root, but the etymology of a pentagram may also be categorized as
“uncertain”, because etymologists do not believe in pentagrams.
This paper concentrates on the powerful animals, whose name-giving is derived from a great variety
of pentagrams, whose names (probably) are not based on a metaphor. These names may be very old.
The German (and Old-Dutch) word MENSCh represents the Germanic man (person) from
MENNISKO ('person') (1100).
These pentagrams also may be found in the names of gods (DIAUS), our parents (FAÐIR &
MÓÐIR), virtues (METIS & ThEMIS), royals (MINOS), heroes (LÚKOS), rivers (FIRAT), animals
(FELIS CATUS) & CETUS (whale) and other topics such as ALVIS (“all-wise”) or MENNISKO.

The category “beast” of all (wild?) animals

The category “fauna” of all animals may be interpreted as “beast”, which in various languages also
represents pentagrams píast, péist (Old Irish) or “beist” in The Bokmål Dictionary. For these words the
origin is unknown2.
Other etymologies are: Old Irish: píast, péist, Middle Irish: péist, Irish: péist, Manx: beisht. Scottish
Gaelic: bèist.

PIAST P píast, péist (Old Irish), see: etymology bestia píast Old Irish
PÉIST P “beist” in The Bokmål Dictionary. beist Norwegian Bokmål
BEIST P Wild animal, beast, From Latin bestia. beast
BESTIe - The origin is unknown.
BESTIa -

Table 2 The category “beast” of all animals represents pentagrams

eg. píast, péist (Old Irish) or “beist”

1 The Vocabulary of the 5-Letter Words (~350 words)

2 etymology bestia in subsection Latin
Pentagrams for the most powerful animals in Asia and Europe
There must have been hunters who used words, which had been based on a name-giving of the
gods. The respectful name-giving probably could not be based on a metaphor such as the color
“brown”. Instead the name BJØRN was chosen for an impressive bear, whose name is only
composed (by the early hunters) from the 5 letter linguistic categories lingual, labial, palatal, dental
and guttural.
In the early days the hunters probably had a great number of impressive preys, whose traditional
behavior had been described in the famous legends, such as the chapters of On Incredible Tales
(Palaiphatos). The most impressive animals in northern Europe are:
1. The category “fauna” of all animals may be interpreted as “beast”, which in various
languages also represents pentagrams píast (PIAST), péist (PÉIST) (Old Irish) or “beist”
(BEIST) in The Bokmål Dictionary.
2. the heaviest and most powerful BISON, also named: WISENT, (Slavic: ZIBOR),
3. the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR),
4. the bear (BJØRN),
5. the ox (in a domesticated form of the BISON; symbolizing the king MINOS),
6. the boar (BJØRN, derived form the “bear”; in domesticated form: SWINE),
7. the wolf (Ancient Greek: Λύκος Lúkos, "wolf", LÚKOS)
8. the horse (domesticated: MORIN - Mongole „Pferd“, Chinese „ma“ → in German: Mähre),
9. the ass (domesticated: in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, ASINU3).
10. the cat (derived from Classical Latin FELIS CATUS resp. FELIS, meaning "cat, ferret").
11. the word FYRET seems to appear in Middle English in the 14th century from the Latin, with
the modern spelling of "ferret" by the 16th century.[3]
12. the words CETUS (whale) and ŚANKU (shark) describe the large “fishes”.
13. Two genuine pentagrams for “elephant” are for the Georgian language SP'ILO and for
Kikongo NZOKU.

A majority of the most respectful animals seems to be restricted to the impressive animals, whose
defenses had to be respected by the hunters.
Strange is the linguistic idea that these names with one common characteristic attribute
(“powerful”) cannot be interpreted as pentagrams.

3 Usually compared to Ancient Greek ὄνος (ónos) (which cannot be its direct ancestor), and, just like other IE words
for "ass", must be traced back to an unknown substrate source in Asia Minor (compare Hieroglyphic Luwian [script
needed] (tarkasna), Sumerian ? (anšu)). The lack of rhotacism of the single intervocalic -s- after a short vowel would
point to a recent borrowing.
Special cases
Special cases are identified for the Panthera (lions, tigers, jaguar and leopards). Some animals can
mate with other species of the genus Panthera (and/or legendary creature: panther)4:
It is possible that the Ancient Greeks believed that lions could only mate with leopards
because they thought that only the strongest and most powerful animals could produce
offspring. Therefore, this belief is likely to be a myth or a legend rather than a fact
based on scientific observation5.

Although they rarely meet in the wild, lions and tigers are still so closely related that they are able
to interbreed, and in captivity they occasionally do. The hybrid offspring are usually sterile and
short-lived.

Felis Catus
Apart from the pentagrams FELIS CATUS (felis catus) and FYRET (ferrets) no other pentagrams
for the Panthera have been found.
The cat (FELIS CATUS) is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal.[1][2] It
is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is commonly referred to as
the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family.[4]

The origin of the English word cat, Old English catt, is thought to be the Late Latin
word cattus, which was first used at the beginning of the 6th century.[20] It was
suggested that cattus is derived from an Egyptian precursor of Coptic ϣⲁⲩ šau, 'tomcat',
or its feminine form suffixed with -t.[21] The Late Latin word may be derived from
another Afro-Asiatic[22] or Nilo-Saharan language6.

The German (and Old-Dutch) word MENSCh represents the Germanic man (person) from
MENNISKO ('person') (1100).

Sharks
Two words for the shark [fish] are except from Germ. languages Old Church Slavic
SǪKŬ [branch], Old-Indian ŚANKU- [pointed stick, big fish]; the animal is probably
named for the typical dorsal fin, which resembles a plow that cuts through the surface.7

The huge fishes ('whale')

Cetaceans (from Latin CETUS (cetus) 'whale', from Ancient Greek κῆτος (kêtos) 'huge
fish, sea monster')[3] are an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales,
dolphins, and porpoises. 8

The genuine Latin pentagram CETUS, in Greek ΚΗΗΤΟΣ (kêtos), describes the huge “fishes”: any
large sea-animal, such as a whale, shark, seal, dogfish, dolphin, or tuna, or a sea monster.

4 The word "panther", in Greek, could be interpreted as "every wild beast", supporting the idea of a composite
creature (source: panther)
5 Why did the Ancient Greeks think lions can only mate with leopards?
6 Source: Cat
7 Source: haai - Sijs, Nicoline van der (samensteller) (2010), Etymologiebank, op https://etymologiebank.nl
8 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetacea
The elephants
Elephants are the largest existing land animals. Three living species are currently recognised:
1. the African bush elephant,
2. the African forest elephant,
3. and the Asian elephant.
They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantidae.
Georgia is a country in Eastern Europe and Western Asia. The Asian elephant may refer to the
Georgian name SP'ILO. The African elephants may refer to the Kikongo name NZOKU.

Continent Language Name-giving Pentagrams in Name-giving Pentagram

Asia Georgian სპილო (sp'ilo) → ka სპილო (SP'ILO) → KA SP'ILO
Afrika Kikongo nzoku → kg NZOKU → KG NZOKU

Table 3 Translations of the Georgian and Kikongo (Kongo language) words for elephants
Overview
The additional animals may be listed in the following overview:
Pentagram P Information Definitions Language
0 PIAST P píast, péist (Old Irish), see: etymology bestia píast Old Irish
PÉIST P “beist” in The Bokmål Dictionary. beist Norwegian
BEIST P Wild animal, beast, From Latin bestia. beast Bokmål
BESTIe - The origin is unknown.
BESTIa -

1. ZIBOR P Source: The Bison-Cult (or Why the Minotaur bison Slavic
ZOBIR P and Quinotaur may Symbolize a Bison)
2. WISEN(t) - Bison bonasus, WISEN(t) or European BISON bison Germanic
3. BISON P From: Latin bison "wild ox" (animal) bison Latin
4. ELGUR P the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR) elk Islandic
5. BJØRN P biorn, from Old Norse bjǫrn (“bear”) - probably bjørn Old Norse
BJORN P from PIE-word *bʰer- (“brown, shining”). (bear)
6. LÚKOS P wolf (Ancient Greek: Λύκος Lúkos, "wolf" wolf Ancient
Greek
7. SWINE P Swine - Old High German swin, Middle Dutch swine English
SchWEIN swijn, Dutch zwijn, German Schwein, Old (animal) German
Norse, Swedish, Danish svin)
8. MORIN P MORIN - Mongole „Pferd“, Chinese „ma“ horse Mongole
→ in German Mähre
9. ASINU P in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, ASINU ass Sicilian
Usually compared to Ancient Greek ὄνος
(ónos) (which cannot be its direct ancestor)
10. FELIS P The generic name Felis is derived from Felis Classical
FYRET Classical Latin fēlis meaning "cat, ferret".[4] Latin

11. FELIS P The cat (Felis catus) is a domestic species of Cat English
CATUS small carnivorous mammal.[1][2]
CATTUS Old English catt, is thought to be the Late Latin Catt Old English
word CATTUS Cattus Late Latin
12. CETUS P Whale ( huge "fish”, sea monster), Whale Latin
ΚΗΗΤΟΣ Greek: ΚΗΗΤΟΣ (kêtos) Big fish
13. ŚANKU P [pointed stick, big fish] Big fish Old-Indian
SǪKŬ - Old Church
Slavic
14. SP'ILO P სპილო (sp'ilo) → ka elephant Georgian
15. NZOKU P nzoku → kg elephant Kikongo
16. MENSCh P man (person) from MENNISKO ('person') (1100) Mensch German
Table 4 The pentagrams for the most powerful creatures in Asia and Europe
Translation of the pentagrams to English
Most pentagrams survived the deterioration in one or two languages and deteriorated in all other
languages. Most damaged spelling and/or pronunciation caused the loss of a few letters. For
example the Latin asinus was to be abbreviated to the English word “ass”. In English the Icelandic
word Elgur lost two letters and was modified to “elk”. The Old Norse word bjørn deteriorated to
English “bear”.
In this study I restricted the translations to Latin, English and German, which may represent the
levels of deterioration. Usually the remote and ancient languages preserve the pentagrams' spelling
in their original shape. Modern languages lost most of the details and the original shape of the
pentagrams.
Pentagram P Definition Language Information Latin English German
1.
PÉIST P beast Old Irish Wild animal, beast, From Latin píast beast Bestie
BESTIa P Bokmål bestia. (origin is unknown.) beist
2.
ZIBOR P bison Slavic Source: The Bison-Cult (or bison bison Bison
ZOBIR P Why the Minotaur and
Quinotaur may Symbolize a
Bison)
3.
WISEN(t) - bison Germanic Bison bonasus, WISEN(t) or bison bison Bison
European BISON
4.
BISON P bison Latin From: Latin bison "wild ox" bison bison Bison
(animal)
5.
ELGUR P elk Islandic the elk (Islandic: elgur (ELGUR) Alces elk Elch
6.
BJØRN P bjørn Old Norse biorn, from Old Norse bjǫrn Ursus bear Bär
BJORN P (“bear”) - probably from PIE-
word *bʰer- (“brown, shining”).
7.
LÚKOS P wolf Ancient wolf (Ancient Greek: Λύκος Lúkos, Canis wolf Wolf
Greek "wolf" lupus
8.
SWINE P Boar English Swine - Old High German swin, Sus / boar Wild-
SchWEIN swine German Middle Dutch swijn, Dutch zwijn, porcus swine schwein
9.
MORIN P horse Mongole MORIN - Mongole „Pferd“, equus horse Pferd
Chinese „ma“ → in German Mähre
1
0.
ASINU P ass Sicilian in Corsican: asinu; Sicilian: àsinu, asinus ass Esel
ASINU;
1
1.
FELIS P Cat, Classical The generic name Felis is derived Felis cat Katze
CATUS ferret Latin from Classical Latin fēlis
FYRET meaning "cat, ferret".[4]
1
2.
CETUS P Cetus Latin Whale ( huge fish, sea monster) cetus whale Wal
1
3.
ŚANKU P Big fish Old-Indian [pointed stick, big fish] cetus shark Hai
SǪKŬ - Old Church
Slavic
1
4.
SP'ILO P Elephants Georgian სპილო (SP'ILO) → KA - elephantus elephant Elefant
NZOKU P Kikongo NZOKU → KG
1
5.
MENSCh P Mensch German man (person) from MENNISKO Homō man Mensch
MENNISKO ('person') (1100) human

Table 5 The pentagrams in Latin, English, German for the most powerful creatures in the world
(from: Adam's List of the Created Animals (24.07.2023))
Categorizing the domesticated and undomesticated characters
So God creates all the animals and the birds and brings them to Adam to see what he
will call them and “whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name”
(Gen. 2.19). Adam named all the birds and beasts, but no partner was found for him.

Of course Adam could not choose a metaphor to express the animal's attributes in their names. The
names may have been composed as pentagrams which represented the 5 letter categories.

The undomesticated characters

The undomesticated characters are composed with the initial letters E, B, W, L and Z
The Slavic words ZIBOR and ZOBIR seemed to be derived from BISON and WISEN(t). Therefore
the word ZIBOR may be interpreted as SIBON and ZOBIR as SOBIN.
The T. indicus (Malayan tapir9 ) is the only species which is found in Asia 10. The name TAPIR is a
pentagram. I skipped the entry in other tables for a relatively low numbers of animals.
# Pentagram character language Continent
2 BISON bison Latin
2 BJORN Bear, boar Old Norse
3 CETUS Whale Latin
1 ELGUR Elgur (elk) Icelandic
4 LÚKOS wolf Greek
4 NZOKU elephant Kikongo Afrika
5 ŚANKU Big fish (shark ?) Old-Indian
5 SP'ILO elephant Georgian Asia
4 TAPIR tapir Old French
2 WISEN(t) bison Germanic
4 ZIBOR bison Slavic
4 ZOBIR bison Slavic
Table 6 Undomesticated animals with initial letters E, B, W, C, S, L, T and Z
(sorted alphabetically)

Strange are the “equivalent” pentagrams CATUS (cat) and the CETUS (Any large sea-animal, such
as a whale, shark, seal, dogfish, dolphin, or tuna, or a sea monster), which both are Latin
compositions.

9 Inherited from Middle French tapir, from Old French tapir, borrowed from Frankish *tappijan (“to close, shut in,
lock up”), from Frankish *tappō, from Proto-Germanic *tappô.
10 The Malayan Tapir (Tapirus Indicus), also called Asian Tapir, Asiatic Tapir, Oriental Tapir, Indian Tapir, Piebald
Tapir, or Black-and-White Tapir, is the only living Tapir species outside of the Americas. It is native to Southeast
Asia from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra.
The domesticated characters
The domesticated characters are composed with the initial letters A, C, F, M and S:
# Pentagram character language
1 ASINU ass Sicilian
3 CATUS cat Latin
2 FELIS cat Latin
2 FYRET ferret Latin
2 MENSCh Human being Germanic
2 MORIN horse Mongol
5 SWINE swine English
Table 7 Domesticated characters with initial letters A, C, F, M and S
(sorted alphabetically)

The category “beast” of all animals

The category “fauna” of all animals may be interpreted as “beast”, which in various languages also
represents pentagrams píast (PIAST), péist (PÉIST) (Old Irish) or “beist” (BEIST) in The Bokmål
Dictionary.
Summary
The overview of the pentagrams for the most powerful animals in Asia and Europe may be an
evidence that the prehistorical hunters may have practiced a genuine name-giving for their most
impressive preys, which was based on the 5 letter linguistic categories lingual, labial, palatal, dental
and guttural.
These pentagrams also may be found in the names of gods (DIAUS), our parents (FAÐIR &
MÓÐIR), virtues (METIS & ThEMIS), royals (MINOS), heroes (LÚKOS), rivers (FIRAT), animals
(FELIS CATUS) & CETUS (whale) and other topics such as ALVIS (“all-wise”) or MENNISKO.
The category “fauna” of all animals may be interpreted as “beast”, which in various languages also
represents pentagrams píast (PIAST), péist (PÉIST) (Old Irish) or “beist” (BEIST) in The Bokmål
Dictionary.
Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................2
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................3
The category “beast” of all (wild?) animals....................................................................................3
Pentagrams for the most powerful animals in Asia and Europe...........................................................4
Special cases....................................................................................................................................5
Felis Catus...................................................................................................................................5
Sharks..........................................................................................................................................5
The huge fishes ('whale') ............................................................................................................5
The elephants..............................................................................................................................6
Overview..........................................................................................................................................7
Translation of the pentagrams to English.............................................................................................8
Categorizing the domesticated and undomesticated characters...........................................................9
The undomesticated characters........................................................................................................9
The domesticated characters..........................................................................................................10
The category “beast” of all animals...............................................................................................10
Summary.............................................................................................................................................11