Pentagrams as Platonic Ideas or

Forms
Joannes Richter

Platonic Form Details Etymology Region Category English

MORI(N) Морь , also Manchu ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ “fleeting-n” Mongolia tamed Horse
(morin, “horse”) for морь Animal
BISON, βίσων (Bison), bison Greece untamed Heaviest animal
WISENT, IZǪBR Wisent, *izǫbrъ Germanic Animal
Slavic Wild Ox
MINO(S)-TAUROS "part man and part bull" Minos & Old-Greek Man-bull Bull-faced man
Μινώταυρος ταυρος King of Crete
ΘEVRU-MINEŠ Θevrumineš1 Minos & Etruscan Man-bull Bull-faced man
ταυρος Crete
PILAR A building's backbone pillar Spain pillar Pillar
SPAIN The Spine of the world Spain Spain pillar Spain
SPINE A body's pillar spine Spain pillar Spine
FIRAT, The 4 paradisaical rivers Euphrates Iraq rivers Euphrates
Ava MEZIN, Tigris Tigris
PISON,PASIN Pison, Pasin
METIS, Virtues Metis Greece virtues Wit (Wisdom)
ThEMIS (Wisdom & Justice) Themis Tiw (Justice)

Table 1 Samples for Pentagrams as Platonic Ideas or Forms

Abstract
The definition of the Good is a perfect, eternal, and changeless Form, existing outside space and
time. It is a Platonic ideal.
Between the Platonic ideal and the average physical objects we may imagine an intermediate ideal
object, which may exist in reality. For example we may imagine an existing horse Mongolian horse
(MORIN) between an ideal non-existing Platonic horse and the common horses. The terminating
“N” is understood as a "fleeting-n" in Mongolian, which is added to all words which end with a
diphthong or ий (ii).
As another example we may imagine the heaviest animal (the BISON, WISENT, IZǪBR) in the
European continent between an ideal non-existing Platonic ox and the common oxen. Basically the
letters in the words BISON and WISENT are correlating. The word MORIN for the horse is related
to the word BISON for the oxen, in which merely the vowels O and I are exchanged.
As human being we may imagine the Cretan king (the king MINOS) between an ideal non-existing
Platonic Minotaur (half man, half bull) and the king MINOS as a human being. The words for the
bull (BISON) and MINOS (the king) are correlated, in which merely the vowels S and N are
exchanged.
These examples represent pentagrams, defined as 5-letter words, in which each letter represents one
Place of articulation (lingual, labial, palatal, guttural, dental).

1 The Minotaur was called Θevrumineš in Etruscan.[11]

The Platonic ideal
Plato's definitions
The early concept of the Platonic ideal defines an ideal form for each object, which in our physical
world may be varying in appearance, shape, quality and harmony. Plato uses these aspects of sight
and appearance from the early Greek concept of the form in his dialogues to explain the Forms and
the Good.2
Ideas are, roughly, the eternal and unchanging objects of the understanding
that exist over and above the quotidian objects that we perceive by the senses. 3

Descartes definition
Descartes revives the term ‘idea’, but changes its meaning: ‘I take
the word ‘idea’ to refer to whatever is immediately perceived by the mind’.

The Bison (and Wisent) as the heaviest animals in Europe

As an example we may imagine the heaviest animal (the BISON, WISENT, IZǪBR) in the
European continent between an ideal non-existing Platonic ox and the common oxen. Basically the
letters in the words BISON and WISENT are correlating. The word MORIN for the horse is related
to the word BISON for the oxen, in which merely the vowels O and I are exchanged.
As human being we may imagine the Cretan king (the king MINOS) between an ideal non-existing
Platonic Minotaur (half man, half bull) and the king MINOS as a human being. The words for the
bull (BISON) and MINOS (the king) are correlated, in which merely the vowels S and N are
exchanged.
The following table illustrates the correlations between the WISENT ↔ BISON and BISON ↔
MINOS. Maybe the Wisent was a variant of the Bison and Minos referred to both variants.
Pentagram 1 2 3 4 5 Language Category
1 IZǪBR I Z Ǫ B R Slavic
2 WISENT W I S E N Germanic
Ox
3 BISON B I S O N Greek
4 MINOS M I N O S Greek King
5 MORIN M O R I N Mongol Horse

Table 2 The correlations between the WISENT ↔ BISON and BISON ↔ MINOS
In northern Bulgaria, the wisent survived until the 9th or 10th century AD.[37] There is a possibility
that the species' range extended to East Thrace during the 7th – 8th century AD.[38] Its population
in Gaul was extinct in the 8th century AD. The species survived in the Ardennes and the Vosges
Mountains until the 15th century.[39]
The word MINOS may have structured as a variant of the BISON / WISENT, in which the B/W and
M are equivalents and the vowels I and O are exchanged. In this case The MINOS was a man (or a
king) as a BISON / WISENT, which at that era the BISON / WISENT was the king of all European
animals. The BISON / WISENT may have the supreme idea or “king” of the European animals.

2 theory of Forms
3 Platonic Ideas or Forms - University of Oxford
The quality of ideal domesticated horses
Humans began domesticating horses around 4000 BCE, and their domestication is believed to have
been widespread by 3000 BCE. The most easily domesticated horse may have interpreted as the
Platonic idea of an easily domesticated horse named MORIN, which is extended to a wind horse
and the Mongolian coat of arms:
The Mongolian horse (Mongolian Адуу, aduu: "horse" or MORI (N); or as a herd, ado)
is the native horse breed of Mongolia. The breed is purported to be largely unchanged
since the time of Genghis Khan.4

According to shamanic tradition, a person's soul is called a wind horse (хийморь, Khiimori). The
wind horse is depicted on the official Mongolian coat of arms, which features a winged horse
(MORI [N]).
In the pantheon of Mongolian shamanism and Tengrism, tngri (also tengri, tegrí) constitute the
highest class of divinities and are attested in sources going back to the 13th century.
The term tngri is cognate with the Turkic theonym tengri "sky", Mongolian taŋɣaraɣ "oath" and
tenger "sky".[1]

From Classical Mongolian ᠮᠣᠷᠢ (MORI, from Middle Mongol [Term?], from Proto-
Mongolic *MORI. Cognate with Buryat мори- (MORI-), Kalmyk мөр- (MÖR-), etc.

Compare also Manchu ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ (MORIN, “horse”), Japanese 馬 (uma, “horse”), Ainu ウン
マ (umma, “horse”), Korean 말 (mal, “horse”), Thai มา (máa, “horse”), Chinese 馬／
马 (mǎ), Vietnamese ngựa (“horse”), and Proto-Indo-European *marḱ- (“horse”) and
descendants such as Irish marc (“horse”, archaic) or English mare (“female horse”).
More at *marḱ-. 5

Deviating names from the pentagram “MORIN”

The Mongolian pentagram “MORIN” seems to be the supreme form for a Mongolian horse. The
domestication qualities of other horses (Markos, Marhaz, Mīere, Mere, Mȳre, Mähre, Mare, Mǎ,
Uma,...) may deviate from the ideal Mongolian horse named MORIN.
The word mare, meaning "female horse", took several forms before A.D. 900.[7] In Old
English the form was mīere, mere or mȳre, the feminine forms for mearh (horse). The
Old German form of the word was Mähre.[8] Similarly, in Irish and Gaelic, the word
was marc, in Welsh, march, in Cornish "margh", and in Breton marc'h.[8]

The word is "said to be of Gaulish origin."[8] It is said by some writers to derive from Proto-
Germanic *marhijō ("female horse"), from Proto-Germanic marhaz ("horse"), from Proto-Indo-
European *markos ("horse").[9][10] The word has no known cognates beyond Germanic and Celtic.
[8]
However, an interesting hypothesis links these Indo-European words to Mongolian МОРЬ [11]
(MORI, horse). [12] [13] In addition, the Wiktionary entry for морь [11] includes a comparison to
possibly related words for horse in Korean, Manchu, Chinese (馬/马 mǎ), Japanese (うま uma),
and others.

4 Chapter Mongolian in Wiktionary entry for Mongolian морь (mori, horse)

5 Etymology морь • (morʹ) (Mongolian spelling, definite plural морьд or моринууд); (hidden-n declension) - Trying
to understand the "fleeting-n" in Mongolian
The most successful modern Euro-Asian royalty
Determining the most successful European or Eurasian royalty is relatively complex. Determining
the most successful horse or animal may be simpler than define the success of a royalty.
The value of a royalty may be chosen for their size of the population, for their monetary success, for
their military power or the longest dynasty. Each of these parameters may select another dynasty.

The Spanish contribution as the “Spine of the World”

The most reliable pillar (PILAR) is located in SPAIN, where we may find the SPINE of the world.
The words for the body's SPINE (SPAIN) may be found in a number of languages:
1. E
S
ESPIÑA P spine (thorn, backbone, needle) thorn English
S
S
SPINE P spīna (thorn, backbone, needle) needle Latin
S SPĪNA P spiná (спинаа, back) backbone Russian
S
SPINÁ - σπίλος (spílos) (rock, reef, cliff) cliff Greek
ΣΠΊΛΟΣ - espiña needle Galician
SPELD - speld, diminutive form of SPINE Dutch

Table 3 The words for the body's backbone (spine) in a number of languages

The “longest” European royal dynasty

The longest European royal dynasty may be achieved by the FRANKS, who did build their dynasty
on the ancient BISON- or MINOS-branch. Their initial variant of the naming convention was
chosen as CLOVIS I, which was to be extended to LOUIS or in English LEWIS.
At the beginning the family chose the five-horned Quinotaur6 as a symbolic forefather for the
pedigree of CLOVIS I up to LOUIS XIX. This may be the longest period of a royalty.

The success of the Habsburg-dynasty

In contrast the Habsburg-dynasty may have reached for the most successful extension of the
imperial area. Checking their pentagram I found Frederick III's (all-vowel) signature AEIOU, which
does not meet the requirements for a pentagram's structure. In fact Frederick had tried to design
another device.
"A.E.I.O.U." (sometimes A.E.I.O.V.) was a symbolic device coined by Emperor
Frederick III (1415–1493) and historically used as a motto by the Habsburgs.

The Greek contributions

The Hellenic contributions are not found in dynasties. The success of Alexander's may be glorious,
but may be claimed as too short. The Greek contributions may be found in their design of the
alphabet, their language and literature, science and philosophy. Their devise was Z(i)EUS, which
they extended with their consorts as the virtues wisdom and justice: METIS and ThEMIS.

6 Fredegar (c. 650). "Chronicarum quae dicuntur Fredegarii scholastici libri IV cum continuationibus". In Krusch,
Bruno (ed.). Scriptores rerum Merovingicarum. Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Vol. 2. Hannover: Hahn
(published 1888). p. 95. Retrieved January 13, 2022. bistea Neptuni Quinotauri similis eam.
The Roman contributions
The Roman contributions were based on the Greek and Etruscan foundations, which had been
extended with superior management. The selected pentagram or devise for the Roman empire may
be varied in the course of time. The most popular ancient devise words may be JANUS, Jupiter →
DIOUS-PITER extended to: TIBER, LIBER, etcetera.

The contributions of the ancient Eurasian dynasties

Choosing the CLOVIS / LOUIS-dynasty or Habsburg-royalty as a European “ideal” is also
relatively too narrow as the most successful choice might be located in the southern region as the
Roman empire or in the Asian territory, where the Persian or Sumerian empire may claim the title of
the most extended area, communication system or wealth for their population.

The contributions of Old-Persian dynasties

• The selected pentagram or devise for the Persian empire may be DARIUS, but this name
does not meet the requirements for the pentagrams. The contributions are a superior
management in communication, roads and coinage.

The contributions of the Sumerian dynasties

• A selected pentagram or devise for the Sumerian empire may be ERIDU or their bundle of 4
rivers or one of their rivers: MEZIN, FIRAT, PISON, PASIN. Their contribution was
superior management of laws, agriculture and documentation by inventing writing.
In fact even the choice of a most successful West-European royalty seems to be ending in a
relatively unclear decision. The easiest choice would be the longest extension of earlier devises,
which would be CLOVIS / LOUIS-dynasty, which in the choice of the Quinotaur-branch extends
the ancient fundamental BISON- or MINOS-roots.
The ideal bundle of the paradisaical rivers
In analogy to the 5-letter words for the Platonic ideas for the most impressive animals (the heaviest
oxen and horses) the rivers may also be idealized by the 4 paradisaical rives Euphrates, Tigris and
their smaller waters Pison and Pasin.
One category of the most important words may be the names for the water sources: the names for
the rivers and sources of fresh sweet water. The pentagrams for the four rivers around the Paradise
of Eden are the rivers MEZIN, FIRAT, PISON and PASIN. Of course these names may be
interpreted as Platonic ideas.
The capital for the Paradise was Eridu (ERIDU), at the mouth of the 4 rivers Tigris, Euphrates,
Pis(h)on and Gihon. The city Eridu and the four rivers seem to be honored with names as the
following pentagrams: MEZIN, FIRAT, PISON, PASIN and ERIDU). ERIDU was the
most southern of the Sumerian cities with temples, which used to be built in eye-contact
distances.7

Of course these names may have been chosen before the introduction of the Greek alphabet.
The concepts of the pentagrams allow us to repair deteriorated and lost names. This possibility may
be illustrated by the suggested restoration of the symmetry in the names' architecture. One of the
best-fit names (instead of KARUN) would be PASIN as a mutation PASIN-TIGRIS of the name
Pasitigris (or Pasin-Tigris), which would result in a name-giving as follows.

Fig. 1: Map of the Paradise with the 4 additional names

FIRAT , Ava MEZIN, PISON, PASIN (edited by J. Richter)
(Source: Has the Garden of Eden been located at last? by Dora Jane Hamblin)

7 The (5) Paradises, their Cities and their Rivers

The most famous paradise was Eden in Iraq, which had been fed by 4 rivers .The capital for the
garden of Eden was Eridu (ERIDU), located near the mouth of the 4 rivers Tigris, Euphrates,
Pis(h)on and Gihon. The 4 rivers of paradise have been identified by archaeologists. 8 According to
Juris Zarins (and Dora Jane Hamblin) the Garden of Eden is covered with the water of the Persian
Gulf, where the Ava MEZIN (Tigris) and FIRAT (Euphrates) run into the sea.
The Bible's Gihon River would correspond with the KARUN (Karun River) in Iran, and the PISON
(Pishon River) would correspond to the Wadi Batin river system that once drained the now dry, but
once quite fertile central part of the Arabian Peninsula. In the course of time the river Karun (KARUN)
may have changed its name. In early classical times the name was Pasitigris or Dujail ("Little Tigris") 9.
One of the best-fit names (instead of KARUN) would be PASIN as an mutation PASIN-TIGRIS of
the name Pasitigris (or Pasin-Tigris), which would result in a name-giving as follows:

Location River Pentagram 1 2 3 4 5

northwest Euphrates FIRAT F I R A T
southwest Pis(h)on PISON P I S O N

northeast Tigris MEZIN M E Z I N

southeast Gihon PASIN P A S I N
Table 4 The restoration of the symmetry in the architecture of the pentagrams
FIRAT , Ava MEZIN, PISON, PASIN

The etymology of the river Indus

The etymology of the river INDUS is defined as follows:
river in Asia, from Sanskrit SINDHU "RIVER." The constellation was one of the 11
added to Ptolemy's list in the 1610s by Flemish cartographer Petrus Plancius (1552-
1622) after Europeans began to explore the Southern Hemisphere; it represents "an
INDIAN," not the river.

The etymology of the Russian Yurta

Old Turkic yurt "tent, dwelling, abode, range" may have been derived from the Old Turkic
word ur - verb with the suffix +Ut.[2] In modern Turkish and Uzbek, the word "yurt" is used
as the synonym of "homeland" or a "dormitory", while in modern Azerbaijani, "yurd" mainly
signifies "homeland" or "motherland". In Russian, the structure is called "YURTA" (юрта),
whence the word came into English. In German the word is JURTE.

The etymology of the Ainu people

The AINU people's most widely known ethnonym, "Ainu" (Ainu: アィヌ; Japanese: アイヌ;
Russian: Айны) means "human" in the Ainu language, particularly as opposed to kamui,
divine beings. Ainu also identify themselves as " UTARI" ("comrade" or "people"). Official
documents use both names. In Spanish language the plural name is AINUS10.

8 A Confirmation of the Rivers of Paradise

9 Karun
10 Ainu
The runes in the language of the West Slavs
In the language of the West Slavs the word VIThA is derived from Woda:

Woda (the Germanic Wotan-Odin) was worshipped as a god of war and leadership, in
relation to the Slavic verb *voditi, “to lead”. He was also associated with rune wisdom
and with VID (Svetovid), as the supreme God, the “moving force behind all things”;
[39] runes were called VIThA by the West Slavs, which is a genitive of *vid or *vit
meaning “image” or “side”, “facet” (referring to the multifaceted essence of the
supreme God).[172]11

The original quotation is in German: #403 (p. 381) - 1 matching term12

...Anton (»Erſte Lin." p. 46, 84) gibt mit mehreren Andern Woda (Wodan) als eine Kriegsgottheit aus, die
ſich auch unter den Prillwißer Gögenbildern befindet (Vohda) (fig. 4). Wenn dieſe Leſeart auch richtig
wäre (denn die Runen geben vielmehr Vitha;, den Genitiv von Wit, wobei alſo »Bild" oder » Seite
hinzuzuden- ken iſt), ſo iſt dabei an den ſkandinaviſch - germaniſchen Odin-Wodan gar nicht zu denken,
obſchon v. ...

11 Slavic Gods and Goddesses – quotation from Hanuš 1842, p. 381. Hanuš, Ignác Jan (1842). Die Wissenschaft des
Slawischen Mythus im weitesten, den altpreussisch-lithauischen Mythus mitumfassenden Sinne. Nach Quellen
bearbeitet, sammt der Literatur der slawisch-preussisch-lithauischen Archäologie und Mythologie (in German). J.
Millikowski.
12 Public Domain, Google-digitized.
Summary
The definition of the Good is a perfect, eternal, and changeless Form, existing outside space and
time. It is a Platonic ideal.
Between the Platonic ideal and the average physical objects we may imagine an intermediate ideal
object, which may exist in reality. For example we may imagine an existing horse Mongolian horse
(MORIN) between an ideal non-existing Platonic horse and the common horses. The terminating
“N” is understood as a "fleeting-n" in Mongolian, which is added to all words which end with a
diphthong or ий (ii).
As another example we may imagine the heaviest animal (the BISON, WISENT, IZǪBR) in the
European continent between an ideal non-existing Platonic ox and the common oxen. Basically the
letters in the words BISON and WISENT are correlating. The word MORIN for the horse is related
to the word BISON for the oxen, in which merely the vowels O and I are exchanged.
As human being we may imagine the Cretan king (the king MINOS) between an ideal non-existing
Platonic Minotaur (half man, half bull) and the king MINOS as a human being. The words for the
bull (BISON) and MINOS (the king) are correlated, in which merely the vowels S and N are
exchanged.
These examples represent pentagrams, defined as 5-letter words, in which each letter represents one
Place of articulation (lingual, labial, palatal, guttural, dental).
The following table illustrates the correlations between the WISENT ↔ BISON and BISON ↔
MINOS. Maybe the Wisent was a variant of the Bison and Minos referred to both variants.
Pentagram 1 2 3 4 5 Language Category
1 IZǪBR I Z Ǫ B R Slavic
2 WISENT W I S E N Germanic Ox

3 BISON B I S O N Greek
4 MINOS M I N O S Greek King
5 MORIN M O R I N Mongol Horse
Table 5 The correlations between the WISENT ↔ BISON and BISON ↔ MINOS
In analogy to the 5-letter words for the Platonic ideas for the most impressive animals (the heaviest
oxen and horses) the rivers may also be idealized by the 4 paradisaical rives Euphrates, Tigris and
their smaller waters Pison and Pasin.

Location River Pentagram 1 2 3 4 5

northwest Euphrates FIRAT F I R A T
southwest Pis(h)on PISON P I S O N

northeast Tigris MEZIN M E Z I N

southeast Gihon PASIN P A S I N
Table 6 The restoration of the symmetry in the architecture of the pentagrams
FIRAT , Ava MEZIN, PISON, PASIN
The most reliable pillar (PILAR) is located in SPAIN, where we may find the SPINE of the world.
Determining the most successful European or Eurasian royalty is relatively complex. Determining
the most successful horse, animal or mountain may be simpler than define the success of a royalty.
The value of a royalty may be chosen for their size of the population, for their monetary success, for
their military power or the longest dynasty. Each of these parameters may select another dynasty.

Platonic Form Details Etymology Region Category English

MORI(N) Морь, also Manchu ᠮᠣᡵᡳᠨ “fleeting-n” Mongolia tamed Horse
(morin, “horse”) for морь Animal
BISON, βίσων (Bison), bison Greece untamed Heaviest animal
WISENT, Wisent, Germanic Animal
IZǪBR *izǫbrъ Slavic Wild Ox
MINO(S)- "part man and part bull" Minos & Old-Greek Man-bull Bull-faced man
TAUROS Μινώταυρος ταυρος King of
Crete
ΘEVRU-MINEŠ Θevrumineš13 Minos & Etruscan Man-bull Bull-faced man
ταυρος Crete
PILAR A building's backbone pillar Spain pillar Pillar

SPAIN The Spine of the world Spain Spain pillar Spain

SPINE A body's pillar spine Spain pillar Spine

FIRAT, The 4 paradisaical rivers Euphrates Iraq rivers Euphrates

Ava MEZIN, Tigris Tigris
PISON,PASIN Pison, Pasin
METIS, Virtues Metis Greece virtues Wit (Wisdom)
ThEMIS (Wisdom & Justice) Themis Tiw (Justice)
YURTA homeland Yurt Russian homeland homeland
UTARI "comrade" or "people" Ainu Ainu people people
Table 7 Samples for Pentagrams as Platonic Ideas or Forms

13 The Minotaur was called Θevrumineš in Etruscan.[11]

Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................1
The Platonic ideal.................................................................................................................................2
Plato's definitions.............................................................................................................................2
Descartes definition.........................................................................................................................2
The Bison (and Wisent) as the heaviest animals in Europe.............................................................2
The quality of ideal domesticated horses.........................................................................................3
Deviating names from the pentagram “MORIN” ......................................................................3
The most successful modern Euro-Asian royalty............................................................................4
The Spanish contribution as the “Spine of the World”...............................................................4
The “longest” European royal dynasty.......................................................................................4
The success of the Habsburg-dynasty.........................................................................................4
The Greek contributions..............................................................................................................4
The Roman contributions............................................................................................................5
The contributions of the ancient Eurasian dynasties...................................................................5
The contributions of Old-Persian dynasties...........................................................................5
The contributions of the Sumerian dynasties.........................................................................5
The ideal bundle of the paradisaical rivers......................................................................................6
The etymology of the river Indus................................................................................................7
The etymology of the Russian Yurta...........................................................................................7
The etymology of the Ainu people..............................................................................................7
The runes in the language of the West Slavs...............................................................................8
The original quotation is in German: #403 (p. 381) - 1 matching term.................................8
Summary...............................................................................................................................................9