Turkish English Turkish English Turkish English

bir one o he/she/it çok very

bu this için for var there is

ben I olan that yok there isn't

ve and ama but diğer other

de also ya da or nasıl how

birkaç a few şey thing sonra after

sen you gibi like ilk first

ne what her every iki two

için for daha more zaman time

 Turkish English Turkish English Turkish English

da also evet yes gün day

benim my nerede where nasıl how

var there is yapmak to do üç three

o he/she/it iyi good sadece only

bu this gibi like iyi good

çok very biraz a little on ten

için for onu him/her bir şey something

yok there isn't dedi said geldi came

gibi like burada here olduğunu that

 Turkish English Turkish English Turkish English

değil not daha more yapmak to make

gibi like olabilir could be böyle like this

zaman time seni you iyi good

şey thing işte here is daha more

hangi which hiç never olduğunu that

kadar until onlar they gel come

şu that hala still ancak however

bana to me sana to you zaman time

daha more doğru correct bazı some

 Turkish English Turkish English Turkish English

bu this bir şey something burada here

zaman time onlar they insan person

sonra after şey thing dedi said

bazı some şimdi now hiç never

görmek to see gel come ancak however

sana to you buna to this doğru correct

çok very bana to me kadar until

yapmak to do onu him/her böyle like this

sonra after onun his/her şu that

 Turkish English Turkish English Turkish English

olduğunu that hangi which insan person

birkaç a few hiç never şimdi now

dedi said değil not görmek to see

olabilir could be hala still şey thing

işte here is doğru correct bazı some

nerede where burada here zaman time

evet yes onlar they sonra after

gel come bana to me bu this

iki two görmek to see yapmak to do

 Turkish English Turkish English Turkish English

hiç never şimdi now çok very

kadar until sana to you olan that

iyi good bazı some hangi which

Certainly! Here's a roadmap to follow for learning Turkish grammar as a beginner:

1. Learn the Turkish Alphabet:

- Familiarize yourself with the 29 letters of the Turkish alphabet and their pronunciation.

2. Basic Sentence Structure:

- Understand the basic word order in Turkish sentences: subject + object + verb.

- Learn about the concept of vowel harmony and how it affects word endings.

3. Noun Cases:

- Study the concept of noun cases in Turkish.

- Learn the basic noun cases such as nominative, accusative, and locative.

- Practice using different noun cases to express various relationships and functions.

4. Personal Pronouns:

- Learn the Turkish personal pronouns and their different forms.

- Understand how personal pronouns change based on case and verb agreement.

5. Verb Conjugation:

- Start with the present tense of verbs and learn their conjugation patterns.
 - Study the suffixes used to indicate person, number, and tense.

- Practice conjugating regular and common irregular verbs.

6. Question Words:

- Learn the question words in Turkish such as "kim" (who), "ne" (what), "neden" (why), etc.

- Understand how to form questions using question words and the appropriate sentence structure.

7. Adjectives and Adverbs:

- Study the formation and placement of adjectives and adverbs in Turkish sentences.

- Learn how to modify nouns and verbs with adjectives and adverbs.

8. Possession:

- Understand how possession is expressed in Turkish using the genitive case.

- Learn the possessive suffixes and practice using them with nouns.

9. Relative Clauses:

- Study how to form and use relative clauses in Turkish.

- Learn the relative pronouns and the appropriate sentence structure.

10. Past and Future Tenses:

- Expand your verb conjugation knowledge to include the past and future tenses.

- Study the suffixes used to indicate past and future tense and practice forming sentences.

11. Connectives and Conjunctions:

- Learn common connectives and conjunctions to join sentences and express relationships between
ideas.

- Practice using words like "ve" (and), "ama" (but), "çünkü" (because), etc.

12. Complex Sentence Structures:

- Explore more complex sentence structures such as conditionals, indirect speech, and reported
speech.

- Practice forming and understanding these structures in Turkish.

13. Practice and Immersion:

 - Practice regularly by engaging in conversations, listening to Turkish audio, and reading Turkish texts.

- Immerse yourself in Turkish culture through movies, TV shows, music, and books to reinforce your
learning.

Sure! Basic sentence structure in Turkish follows a subject-object-verb (SOV) order. Here's a breakdown
of the components in a basic Turkish sentence:

1. Subject (Özne):

- The subject is the noun or pronoun that performs the action or is being described in the sentence.

- Example: "Ali" (Ali) or "Ben" (I)

2. Object (Tümleç):

- The object is the noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb or is affected by it.

- Example: "kitabı" (the book) or "seni" (you)

3. Verb (Fiil):

- The verb is the action or state of being in the sentence.

 - Example: "okuyor" (is reading) or "geliyorum" (I am coming)

Here are a few examples to illustrate the basic sentence structure in Turkish:

1. Ali kitabı okuyor. (Ali is reading the book.)

- Subject: "Ali" (Ali)

- Object: "kitabı" (the book)

- Verb: "okuyor" (is reading)

2. Ben seni seviyorum. (I love you.)

- Subject: "Ben" (I)

- Object: "seni" (you)

- Verb: "seviyorum" (I love)

3. Çocuklar oyun oynuyor. (The children are playing a game.)

- Subject: "Çocuklar" (the children)

- Object: None

- Verb: "oyun oynuyor" (are playing a game)

It's important to note that Turkish makes use of suffixes to indicate various grammatical functions such
as case, tense, and person agreement. These suffixes are added to the end of the words, allowing for
more flexibility in word order. Additionally, vowel harmony plays a role in determining the choice of
suffixes based on the vowel sounds in the word.

For example, let's look at the same sentences with different word orders:

- Kitabı Ali okuyor. (The book Ali is reading.)

- Seviyorum seni. (I love you.)

- Oyun oynuyor çocuklar. (The children are playing a game.)

In each of these sentences, the meaning remains the same even though the word order has changed.
This flexibility allows for some variation in sentence structure while still maintaining clarity.

As you progress in your Turkish language learning journey, you'll encounter more complex sentence
structures, additional verb forms, and grammar rules. However, understanding and practicing the basic
sentence structure will provide you with a solid foundation to build upon.