Problemas resueltos de matrices y determinantes Matemáticas I Curso 2012-2013

2
21) Dadas las matrices
−1 1 0 0 −1 1
1 3 0 1 2 0
𝐴= 2 −2 0 𝐵 = −2 0 1 𝐶= 𝐷=
0 −2 0 3 −1 2
1 −1 0 0 0 1

Calcular si es posible:

−1 1 0 0 −1 1 −1 + 0 1 + (−1) 0 + 1 −1 0 1
(a) 𝐴 + 𝐵 = 2 −2 0 + −2 0 1 = 2 + (−2) −2 + 0 0 + 1 = 0 −2 1
1 −1 0 0 0 1 1+0 −1 + 0 0 + 1 1 −1 1

1 3 0 1 2 0 2 5 0
𝑏 𝐶+𝐷 = + =
0 −2 0 3 −1 2 3 −3 2

−1 1 0
1 2 0
𝑐 4𝐴 − 2𝐷 = 4 ∙ 2 −2 0 − 2 ∙ 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑕𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑟
3 −1 2
1 −1 0
1 3 0 1 2 0 2−3 6−6 0−0 −1 0 0
𝑑 2𝐶 − 3𝐷 = 2 ∙ −3∙ = =
0 −2 0 3 −1 2 0 − 9 −4 + 3 0−6 −9 −1 −6

0 −1 1
1 3 0
𝑒 𝐵 ∙ 𝐶 = −2 0 1 ∙ = 3𝑥3 ∙ (2𝑥3) 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑕𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑟
0 −2 0
0 0 1
0 −1 1 𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑎13
1 3 0
𝑓 𝐶∙𝐵 = ∙ −2 0 1 = 𝑎 𝑎22 𝑎23
0 −2 0 21
0 0 1
0
𝑎11 = 1 3 0 ∙ −2 = 1 ∙ 0 + 3 ∙ (−2) + 0 ∙ 0 = −6
0
−1
𝑎12 = 1 3 0 ∙ 0 = 1 ∙ −1 + 3 ∙ 0 + 0 ∙ 0 = −1
0 −6 −1 4
→ 𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜, 𝐶 ∙ 𝐵 =
1 0 4 0 −2
𝑎13 = 1 3 0 ∙ 1 = 4, 𝑎21 = 0 −2 0 ∙ −2 = 4
1 0
−1 1
𝑎22 = 0 −2 0 ∙ 0 =0 𝑎23 = 0 −2 0 ∙ 1 = −2
0 1

−1 1 0 0 −1 1 0 −1 1 −1 1 0
𝑔 𝐴∙𝐵−𝐵∙𝐴 = 2 −2 0 ∙ −2 0 1 − −2 0 1 ∙ 2 −2 0 =
1 −1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 −1 0
Problemas resueltos de matrices y determinantes Matemáticas I Curso 2012-2013
−2 1 0 −1 1 0 −1 0 0
= 4 −2 0 − 3 −3 0 = 1 1 0
2 −1 0 1 −1 0 1 0 0

−1 1 0 −1 1 0 −1 1 0
𝑕 𝐴3 = 𝐴 ∙ 𝐴 ∙ 𝐴 = 2 −2 0 ∙ 2 −2 0 ∙ 2 −2 0 =
1 −1 0 1 −1 0 1 −1 0
3 −3 0 −1 1 0 −9 9 0
= −6 6 0 ∙ 2 −2 0 = 18 −18 0
−3 3 0 1 −1 0 9 −9 0

𝑡 𝑡
𝑖 𝐶∙𝐷 = 𝐶(2×3) ∙ 𝐷(2×3) 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑟

−1 0 1 −1 1 0 0 −1 1
𝑗 𝐴+𝐵 ∙ 𝐴−𝐵 = 0 −2 1 ∙ 2 −2 0 − −2 0 1 =
1 −1 1 1 −1 0 0 0 1

−1 0 1 −1 2 −1 2 −3 0
= 0 −2 1 ∙ 4 −2 −1 = −7 3 1
1 −1 1 1 −1 −1 −4 3 −1

−1 1 0 −1 1 0 0 −1 1 0 −1 1
𝑘 𝐴2 − 𝐵2 = 2 −2 0 ∙ 2 −2 0 − −2 0 1 ∙ −2 0 1 =
1 −1 0 1 −1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
3 −3 0 2 0 0 1 −3 0
= −6 6 0 − 0 2 −1 = −6 4 1
−3 3 0 0 0 1 −3 3 −1

−1 2 −1 −1 2 −1 8 −5 0
2
𝑙 𝐴−𝐵 = 4 −2 −1 ∙ 4 −2 −1 = −13 13 −3
1 −1 −1 1 −1 −1 −4 3 1