16-12-2019

Safety measures during Oil

Exploration & Drilling

Dr Naveen Raj
Chief General Manager
Corporate HSE, ONGC, New Delhi

CDIM-2019
4-6th December 2019, Gangtok

A Typical Reservoir Drive Mechanism

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Integrated: Dominant National Energy

conglomerate

1863
MMTO
E
Domestic E&P 2P Reserves

Petchem, LNG,
Overseas E&P Refinery Power Service and other
Downstream

(100%)
(71.62%
)
(50.00%
)
(26.00%
)
(32.72%
) 1.4
Reserve
Replacement
(51.11% (49.00% (49.00% ratio
) ) ) (5 yr. avg.)

(12.50% (49.98%
) )

>₹
(51.11%
)
SEZ
3622
(26.00%
)
Bn
(50.00%
Gross
) Revenue in FY
18

ONGC’s Activities

Exploration

Drilling

Production & Processing

Storage and Transportation

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E&P Infrastructure

27
Seismic Crew

121
Drilling Rig

88
Work Over Rig

107
Well Stimulation
Unit

E&P Infrastructure

240
Onshore Installations

202
Offshore Installations

> 25,000 Km
Pipelines

79
Offshore Supply Vessels

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Domestic E&P: Resource Base

Offshore Installation: 289 Onshore Installation: 261

Process Complex: 13 Pipelines: 25,659 Kms

Well Head Platform 237 OSVs/ MSVs: 09+59*

Well Stimulation
FPSO: 2* Vessel: 1+1*

Plants: 3 Seismic Crews: 16+3*

Institutes: 12 Drilling Rigs: 68+39*

Manpower: 31,769 Work-over Rigs:

48+30*

Well Stimulation Units: 126 Well Logging units: 28+65*

7
* Charter-hire

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Hazards in oil & gas industry

Safety and Injury hazards Health & Illness hazards

1. Fire & Explosions 1. Chemical
2. Slips, Trips and Falls 2. Physical
3. Working inside confined 3. Biological
space 4. Ergonomic
4. Motor vehicle accidents 5. Psychological
5. Contact Injury

The aim of SMS is to identify and assess health and safety

hazards at work places and to define appropriate control
and retrieval steps

Risk management in oil & gas industry

Process involves
1. Planning
2. Risk Identification
3. Risk Assesment
4. Risk Recording
5. Risk Control
6. Follow on assessment
7. Monitor & Review

“The essence of risk management

Is to avoid high risks, manage
medium risks, and live with
low risks.”

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Control Measure to prevent Incident

1.Engineering Control (isolation of source, lockout
procedure, design, process or procedural
changes, monitoring and warning equipment,
chemical or material substitution.)

2. Administrative Control (through personnel,

management, monitoring, limiting worker
exposure, measuring performance, training and
education, housekeeping and preventive
maintenance, quality purchasing, audits, SOP.)

3. PPE (body protection, fall protection, ensure

proper breathing in confined space.)

Seismic survey

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Seismic survey

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PORTABLE MAST RAISING

MOBILE RIG TELESCOPIC RAISING

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Working at Height

Ensure Top man escape device is tested at new location and is working properly.
Also it should be provided with proper landing platform.

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Rig Floor Area

1. Ensure proper house keeping;

 Rig floor should be kept clean and non-slippery.

 All un-wanted material should be off loaded from the rig floor.
 All drilling handling tools including power tongs, elevators, slips etc.
should be properly arranged.
 Ladders and the railings and steps of stairs should be in order.

2. Wear PPE at all times

3. Ensure Top man safety belts are in proper condition.

All guy ropes are properly anchored.

While working on height on derrick/mast safety

belt should be used and properly secured
before starting the work to avoid any accident
of falling.

Ensure proper illumination of derrick floor

and mast.

Ensure IBOP and FOSV are available on the

rig floor in open position and with required
cross overs and operating wrench.

Availability of fire fighting system

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MAKING PIPE CONNECTION IN DRILLING

Working in confined space

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Personnel Protective Equipment

 Shoe
 Hand glove
 Helmet
 Dungaree
 Goggle
 Ear Muff / Ear Plug

Preventing Accident to happen

1. Eliminate all unsafe acts or
unsafe conditions
2. Reporting the incident
3. Investigating it’s causes
4. Eliminating it’s causes

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• Safety Management System (SMS)

• OMR-2017
• OISD Standards
• ERP
• DMP
• CDMP

• Permit- To- Work (PTW)

• Job Safety Analysis(JSA)
• Tool Box Talk (TBT)
• Management of Change (MOC)
• Behavior Based Safety (BBS)
• Training
• HSE Audit
• Occupational health monitoring (PME)

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Oil Spill Response Facility

Oil Containment Boom

2000 meters

27

Mumbai (Bombay) High North Platform

Date: 27 July 2005
Location: Mumbai High, Fatality -22 Persons

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Emergency response Plan..

The overall objective of a sound disaster plan is to reduce the

possible consequences of the emergency by:

preventing fatalities and injuries

minimizing damage to buildings, materials, and equipment and

hastening



Disaster Management deals with the following aspects:

Command, Control, and emergency communications

Safety of people and other livestock

Protection of company properties and plant

Recovery and Restoration of industrial activity

Administration and Logistics supports

Dealing with community concerns of the resumption of normal
operations.

Regulatory and Mandatory Requirements

Offshore Operations are regulated by PNG (Safety in Offshore
Operations) Rules-2008. The incidents are to be reported to Oil Industry
Safety Directorate (OISD) as per additional provisions of PNG Rules
2008.
30

Onshore mines operation are regulated by Directorate General of

Mines Safety (DGMS) through Mines Act, 1952. accidents of Onshore
Mines operations are to be reported to DGMS as per the provisions of
the Mines Act,1952.

Plant operations are regulated by Directorate of Industrial Safety &

Hygiene (DISH) through Factories Act, 1948. accident of Plant
operations are to be reported to DISH as per the provisions of the
Factories Act, 1948.

Use of Explosives is regulated by Chief Controller of

Explosives(PESO) through Explosives Act, 1884 as per the provisions of
Explosives Act, 1884

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Health Hazards
Psychological Stress,
human interactions
workplace relationships.
Noise, heat, radiation, Psychological
vibration, extreme
temperatures,

Ergonomic
Physical
Workplace layout, manual
handling, body posture and
movement, RSI, operations,
tasks and jobs

Chemical
Biological
Gases, dust, metals, solvents, Bacteria, fungi,
which may be present in the viruses, insects and
working environment as gases, mites, moulds, yeast,
vapours, mists/aerosols, fumes, related to the
dusts, liquids or solids. working environment

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Management of Change (MOC)

Any Changes in Defense Designs, or System
Engineering will Require Management of Change
– P&ID
– Equipment Lists
– Inspection/Testing/
Maintenance Procedures
– PHA’s

MOC procedure should ensure that equipment and

procedures are returned to their original conditions at the end
of a temporary change

MOC forms/clearance sheets are acceptable control methods
of tracking changes

Behavior Based Safety (BBS)

• BBS is a process approach to improving safety performance by
helping workgroup to,
– Identify safety-related behaviours that are critical to
performance
– Gather data on workgroup safety excellence
– Provide ongoing, two-way performance feedback
• Why are people unimpressed by safety risks?
– Risk taking – a matter of choice
– Familiarity breeds complacency
– We get what we deserve – work place injuries are fair
– Risky work practices are accepted and becomes the NORM

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SAFETY IN CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

i. Safety and well being of contractor and ONGC employees are

improved.

ii. Improved quality and productivity result from implementation of

a comprehensive contractor safety program which requires that
workers be properly trained for their job tasks, are familiar with
their job requirements and conform to procedures.

iii. Fewer incidents result in more controlled project costs and less
need for regulatory action.
iv. The potential for damage to ONGC facility and contractor’s
equipment are minimized

Risk Management System

I IDENTIFY all risk exposures (Hazards)

E EVALUATE the risk in each exposure

DEVELOP a plan
Terminate Treat Tolerate Transfer
D Avoid or Develop Acceptable
eliminate the controls Level of Insurance
Loss exposure risk

I IMPLEMENT the plan

M MONITOR (Measure, Commend and/or Correct)

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Risk Assessment
The process of identifying the HAZARD involved and the RISK
associated with them, estimating the magnitude of risk and
deciding whether or not the risk is tolerable

Hazard Risk

Equivalent to

Cause Effect

Aspect Impact

Hazard and Risk RISK

HAZARD
source or situation with
potential for harm in
term of human injury or
ill health, damage to
property, damage to
the work place
environment, or a
combination of these.
Combination of the likelihood and
consequences of a specified
hazardous event occurring.
(accident or incident).
A risk, always has two elements:
• likelihood that it may occur
• the consequences of the
hazardous event

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Job Safety Analysis(JSA)

A Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is a method that is used
for the purpose of the following:
 To identify and analyze the steps involved in performing
a specific job,
 To identify and analyze the existing or potential safety,
health and/or environment hazards associated with
each step, and
 To identify and analyze the recommended action(s)
/procedure(s) that will eliminate or reduce these hazards
and the risk of a workplace injury, illness, or property
loss

Tool Box Talk (TBT)

Why to conduct TOOL BOX TALK?

To minimise the occurrence of Unwanted
Incidents. Main Root causes of Unwanted
Incidents are:
 Inactive employees on the job
 Ignorance about hazards associated with the job
 Improvident/imprudent employees

The best effective tool to address this problem is
Tool Box Talk

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Tool Box Talk (TBT):

The Accident / Incident rate, occurrence of ill Health
and Environmental damage in the Industry are

serious national problems. Continued training is

essential to prevent Accidents / Incidents, ill
Health and Environmental damage.

The TOOLBOX TALK programme, if implemented

correctly, can play a major part in our continuing
effort to create an increased awareness of:

a) Hazards present in the industry

b) Precautions which must be taken to eliminate or
control them and in doing so will help to reduce
unwanted incidents

Unsafe Act

Violation of SOP lead to accident

Common Unsafe Practices:
 Operating a tool or some equipment without authority
 Working at an unsafe speed
 Taking short cuts
 Failure to use PPE
 Failure to instruct/warn/secure
 Making safety devices inoperative/ bypassing
 Using equipment improperly
 Using defective equipment
 Improper loading/placement
 Improper lifting
 Servicing equipment in motion
 Alcoholism or drug abuse

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Unsafe Condition

A hazardous or physical condition which could lead to
accident

Common Unsafe Conditions:

- Inadequate guards or protection
- Defective tools, equipment, substance
- Congestion
- Inadequate warning system
- Fire & explosion hazards
- Sub-standard house keeping
- Hazardous atmospheric conditions
(Gases/dust/ fumes, etc)
- Excessive noise
- Inadequate illumination, ventilation
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