Laws

D BLOCK NEET

ONE
SHOT
 X

SPARTAN
-
SPARTAN
-
-
*

SPARTAN
->
-
SPARTAN
-
 I

P BLOCK -> Last election Poibrtal

in

1 I obital
↳ be
413 to 418
6
nsnp'- I

is
except He
⑰ Ovidation
State

913 414 415 416 417 418

nonp no no nonp usnpt
no up Lowel nonp
+
1 +2 + 3 4
+
+
5 6
+

+ 3 +4 6
5 7
+

+ 8
+

Wan(geni
ei
~
INERT PAIR EFFECT
Down
grouf-> force of
the
93 ns" up"
I

↓ attraction
on is increases

atte" 4
of poorscreening
of
because
yourde of
dand obelals
Pair
election f
Init
↳ does not
participate in
run
=>
 913
--
nup
-

a* Int<7
Stabilityof tower
I-B*<Alt
Increases down
group
Alts, hats but He
statalityof highes:-B
decreases down
group.
INERT PAIR EFFECT
ANOMALOUS BEHAVIOUR OF FIRST MEMBER
↑

Small Size
* - and period
--
-
-

High electronegativity
*

Al => [NeT 353p'5d

Sonisation
High
*
Energy-
Absence
*
of
d-orbitals-
b III
3s 3B 3ch

B >
=
is2s 2p" man
covalency empegibilit
6
I
=

11
norbital
↳ man
covalency=4
GROUP 13
Atomio-
B -
Non metal
B < Ga <Al [In <Tl

I
Al
↳ poor
Ga -> Metals screeni
-
obals in
n g ofa

Gar

In
↳ 4
Zeff
Ter
↳
size t
A sonisation Enugy Bo

913
B · Th
ca
·
Th

-
-
Ga E
Al
⑧

DHAMAAL ② ·
·In
Al In

B7 Te > Ga>Al>In
IE
-
-
3) (Table)
Eletronegaturty:-NCERT B ↓
B> T1 > In> Ga> Al

↓
A↑
Ga ulti
-
-

Th
PROPERTIES

B- non metal-network solid

High MPBP

I
Weak metallie

e
Low MP/BP=>
Ga
-
melab
-
NCERT
--
↑
Banding
-

Ga--how MP
-
I huge gap
BP
Th High
Temp.
Measure
-
 Ovidation
State
913
--
nsnp" -
-

a* Int<7
Stabilityof tower
I-B*<Alt
Increases down
group
thee
- Beats that
at
statalityof higher
Tut Pain
effect
d Tets is
ovidisingent or
reducing
?
->

agent
...

ordising agent
3
Te
+

S
-
Th -> Reduction
-
-

Less Mol
stable stable
⑦ Lewis Aid Nature
-
Biemply,an
P
·
orbitat
Bx3

One
B is2s2P"
BONDING

e
↓
Lewis
drich
↳-
deficient
I

--
-
BACK BONDING ORDER 8-

BF3 7 BUs < BBs) BIg

+- 0 -- D
B =I: B -G.
/
O
/
Oc

F
I 8
2P-2P 2P-3P 20-4P
2P-5P
Back
Banding Back
Bonding
Lewis Acid Character

BFz< BUs [BBrg [B13 ~

BF3 +:
Nz -
F -
BL NUs
↓ E
empty orbital
 dimer
⑰ Allz- forms
CACs-> Aledo Di
-

Terminal,
-
I
. . .

---- /
u
- chlous

u
i i Atom in=
place
6

a one
4 Teminal C
I

Banana ↓ 2 Al
bride
Bonding 3C-Y-Bridge
 43B03
* Hydrolysis
-
or

(Conn]
-

u
BU3 I 3420 onBans
->

B-on
many
I
B-C e

40Borir
-
U
Aid
-
-
 +3420-AC are
Ally

[ACH10]3-
covalency
max. 6
=
⑰ Run with 028-

M + 02 -
M203

B103 Audie
->

A(0)- Amphoti
Inthe ↳- Basic
 # Run with Aid (Base: -

B I come. HN0z ->

H3BOz + NO2

B cous. U2SO4 ->

H3B0z SO2
+

and base
with both acid
Al rot
*

E
Als +
H2
Ampho Al+ rice ->

Al+ Noon ->

Na[AlCon] na +

Tetrahydroxido
Sodium
Aluminate(TT)
 Run with
*
Haloglus:
-

M + Xx ->
MX3 HALIDE
- -
-

NOTE - TIXs does not exist

-

Tets Not stable

INERT PAIR EFFECT

Run with

Alex
*
H20

B
H20
- > No Run
11

Ga No Rec
↳
-

In " NoRun water Al2O3 + 424

Th T NoRz Inst
Passive
Lager
-
 AJ BORAX

on the

on nanocozcons
wfor ar antorsEtna
fauna and
aNaT+BuO5Cnin]
 SB
BORAX- Salt WA
of ↓
-

Boran H3B03 BASIC SOL"

Hydrolysisof Naoh

NazByU7 +40 ->

HzBOz +
NaOH
*

NazByO7. 104201, NazByOI-> NaBUZ BeO E

Sodum Boris
meta Borate ide
Blue any
Blad BEAD TEST
->
- Co
MY BORIC ALID

HBOz Bans I My
1
=

or

↳
↳ Lewis Acid Vaturytor
↳ Weak Acid

↳ aid
&
On
acceptor
Benis +
420 -> Beny] + nt

& OH at
Preparation
-
-

Batts t 420
->
H3BOz + 42
DIBORANE

NaOH
Naz BuUt 40-s +

UzBOs I

BORAX

BUs T H20 ->

BCn)3
04 or

43B03

Heating
H3BOS 4B02* B2OS
BORIC
Meta Boric
-
Borir
Anhydride
or
ALLD And Boric Oxide
 TRIGONAL
BBOND->
-> Sp2 PLANER
SHEET
-> 8MEMBER
LIKE
RING
BOND
H -

-
-
DIBORANE Batto-Dimen 2BHz- Bats

Preparation
-
BF3 +
LiAty ->
Bets + tiF +AlFz
Reducing Agent
Lab %- I2+ NaBHy-> Bals
+ Ma] H2 +

-
RA

Industriat BFz + Nat ->

Baty + NaF
RA
Bats+
*
02 -> B2O3 + 4aO
BORIC ANHYDRIDE

Bets
*
+ 420-> HzBOz H2
+

Boric Acid

*
Batts +
0N(Me)s -> BHz. NMels

B2Ky
* + 8C0 ->
BH3.CO
 Hydrogen
Terminal
-
4x =

---n
= 6 atom 1 Plane

-I
in

4
↳4 Tuminal 4

Banane 3C-
-

Bonding
Bridge Hydrogen
se- 2
I

Boron
 Bats - ⑬M2TY BBHuJ-
DiBorane E (no orbital
-

orbital empty
a
empty
-

Batts +
awins->(Brawngla]" [Bry]-
Lit
Inorganic BzNzHy
Benzene
-
 i
B
BORAZINE
·s ↳
>
-

Inorganic Benzene
N H
4 N
- -

I It -

4 -
B B -
4

Fi-
in
GROUP 14 nonp
↳-> non metal-Diamond,
graphite
Si-non metal-side, Siliates
G-> milalloid--semi conductor

In-metal-snoe Casserite
Pl-metal-Pls Galene
 Unidation
State:
⑦
-

1 2 (owr0s) Ct< S:<c<sn"<Pl

CT4> Sit-ct">snt> plt

In
(Higher OS)

INERT PAIR EFFECT

Atomic Radius
*

· Sicae <Sn< Pl Yes

Conisation Periodic
*
Energy
- Si < G7 Pb> Sn
* table
->
-

dand
y
obitals - poor
effect-> Teff4
screening
Zeff*
Electronegativity
*

> Si (Sn Pl
 CARBON
A ⑰ SILICON

Cis2s2p2 Si [r] 3s sp23do

I # #
Gobital d
↳
empty
man
covalency vibital
⑭ man
ANOMALOUS BEHAVIOUR: 6
=

covalency
-

Small
size
*

* NO d-orbital
 A Hydrolysis
-
-

↑
↳ 10 a
⑨

run

orbital
↳
requires ufty
Silly +
40- Silly Silvic aid
orbital
empty

Cay H20-> Norne

+

-
ablab
No
empty
Onides
*

-
⑧ NCERT
-

Audie: -CO2, SiOz, GO, GOL

Neutral: -CO

-SnO SnOs PRO PbO2

Amphoteric:
Run with water.
** -

En + hot water--Snox+424

Pb + 420- Plo(passive
due to
formation
of protectiveoxide by)
same as

anI
Al
No Run
Si

with
A Run
Halogen 8 -

-
+2

E + X2 -
EX
+4

E +

X2 - EX4
NOTWA

NCERT Pb In does not exist

-
-

↳ Pyt4> NOT STABLE

↳ STERRIC HINDERANCE
CATENATION

↳
self likingproputy
C> Sixc> Sn
Tendency:
-

Pl does not show catenation

an
FRIDAY P BLOCK
- ⑧

9:00 AM
- O

G15,916
fresh
->

-
-

⑭
#ZIDDHAI
remaining
#BHATAKNA_NAH1-HAI gam
-

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