Structural Steel Design CE 434

Tension Members (Example on Staggered C-Section)

Lecture 5

Prof. Ghazi Abu-Farsakh

Eng. Mutaz AL-Dwairy
 Tension Members 2

Staggered Holes
Example: Determine the critical net area for the C15 x 33.9 shown in the
following Figure .Holes are for 3/4-in bolts.

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 Tension Members

Possible Fracture Lines (through two holes)

ABEF
ABDG HCEF
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑓 + +(𝑆 2 /4𝑔)𝑡𝑤
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 𝐴ℎ𝑤 𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 𝐴ℎ𝑤

HCDG
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑤 + (𝑆 2 /4𝑔)𝑡𝑤

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 Tension Members 4

Possible Fracture Lines (through three holes)

𝑆2 𝑆2
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 𝐴ℎ𝑤 + 𝑡 𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 𝐴ℎ𝑤 + 𝑡
4𝑔 𝑎𝑣𝑒 4𝑔 𝑎𝑣𝑒

𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑤 + (𝑆12 /4𝑔1 )𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑒 + (𝑆22 /4𝑔2 )𝑡𝑤

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 Tension Members 5

Staggered Holes
Possible Fracture Lines (through four holes)

ABCDEF

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 Tension Members 6

Possible Fracture Line ABDG

𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 𝐴ℎ𝑤

Using manual 𝐴𝑔 = 9.95 𝑖𝑛2

7
𝐴ℎ𝑓 = 𝑑ℎ 𝑡𝑓 = ∗ 0.65 = 0.56875"
8

7
𝐴ℎ𝑤 = 𝑑ℎ 𝑡𝑤 = ∗ 0.4 = 0.35"
8

𝐴𝑛 = 9.95 − 0.56875 − 0.35 = 9.03125" 3 1 7

𝑑ℎ = + = 𝑖𝑛
4 8 8

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 Tension Members 7

Possible Fracture Line ABEF

𝑆2
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑓 + 𝑡
4𝑔 𝑎𝑣𝑒

𝐴𝑔 = 9.95 in2 , 𝐴ℎ𝑓 = 0.56875“

𝑆 = 3", 𝑔 = 4.475 + 9 + 4.475 = 17.95"

𝑡𝑓 +𝑡𝑤 0.65+0.4
𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑒 = = = 0.525"
2 2

32
𝐴𝑛 = 9.95 − 2 ∗ 0.56875 + ∗ 0.525
4∗17.95

= 8.87831"

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 Tension Members 8

Possible Fracture Line ABDEF

𝑆2
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 𝐴ℎ𝑤 + 𝑡
4𝑔 𝑎𝑣𝑒

𝐴𝑔 = 9.95 in2 , 𝐴ℎ𝑓 = 0.56875“, 𝐴ℎ𝑤 = 0.35"

𝑆 = 3", 𝑔 = 4.475" , 𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 0.525"

32
𝐴𝑛 = 9.95 − 2 ∗ 0.56875 − 0.35 + ∗ 0.525
4∗4.475

= 8.72647"

Civil Engineering Department

 Tension Members 9

Possible Fracture Line ABCDEF

𝑆12 𝑆22
𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴𝑔 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑓 − 2𝐴ℎ𝑤 + 2 ∗ 𝑡 + 𝑡
4𝑔1 𝑎𝑣𝑒 4𝑔2 𝑤

𝐴𝑔 = 9.95 in2 , 𝐴ℎ𝑓 = 0.56875“, 𝐴ℎ𝑤 = 0.35"

𝑡𝑤 = 0.4"𝑆1 = 𝑆2 = 3", 𝑔1 = 4.475", 𝑔2 = 9

, 𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 0.525"
32 32
𝐴𝑛 = 9.95 − 2 ∗ 0.56875 − 2 ∗ 0.35 + 2 ∗ ∗ 0.525 + ∗ 0.4
4∗4.475 4∗9

= 8.74043“
𝑨𝒏 = 𝐦𝐢𝐧(𝟗. 𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓, 𝟖. 𝟖𝟕𝟖𝟑𝟏, 𝟖. 𝟕𝟐𝟔𝟒𝟕, 𝟖. 𝟕𝟒𝟎𝟒𝟑) = 𝟖. 𝟕𝟐𝟔𝟒𝟕"

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