Solution Manual for Labor Relations Process 11th Edition

Holley Ross Wolters 1305576209 9781305576209

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CHAPTER 5 Why and How Unions Are Organized

TRUEFALSE

1. The employer must file a list of names and addresses of all eligible voters with the regional
director of the NLRB within thirty days after the regional director of the NLRB has approved a
consent election.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

2. Employers agree that signed authorization cards are accurate predictors of the number of votes
for the union in elections.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

3. A simple majority of employees that vote in a union representation election is required in order
for employees to win union representation.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

4. Illegal discharge of employees who are union advocates usually does not decrease the probability
of a successful unionization.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)
5. Management is allowed to present "captive audience" speeches on the day of the election.

(A) True

(B) False

Answer : (B)
6. Union instrumentality is a concept meaning employees perceive the union as instrumental in
attaining desired outcomes, such as higher wages.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

7. The "captive audience" rule states that an employer who presents a "captive audience" speech
must allow the union the opportunity to conduct its own "captive audience" speech.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

8. Employer questioning of an employee to discern union sentiment is an automatic violation of

NLRA section 8 (a)(1).

(A) True

(B) False

Answer : (B)

9. A company may be ordered to recognize and bargain with a union if employees' signatures on
authorization cards were obtained under threat or coercion.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

10. Unions are attractive to the many employees concerned about job security regardless of their
skill level.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

11. The NLRB prohibits the showing of films to discourage employees from joining a union.

(A) True
(B) False

Answer : (B)

12. The union organizer typically creates job dissatisfaction in the work force before the campaign
begins.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

13. The company may actively assist employees who are interested in launching a decertification
campaign.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

14. If employees choose to decertify their union, there cannot be another representation election for
twelve months.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

15. The union must obtain signed authorization cards from a majority of the bargaining unit
employees before the NLRB will hold an election.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

16. The NLRB has upheld the right of the union to discipline union members who actively
participate in the campaign to decertify the union as long as the action does not affect employment
status.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)
17. In the last decade, decertification elections have nearly doubled.

(A) True

(B) False

Answer : (B)

18. Employees' previous experience with a union is a strong predictor of their attitudes toward
unions and their decision to join one.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

19. After a decertification petition is filed with the NLRB, the employer must still bargain with the
union until the question of representation is resolved.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

20. Professional employees provide a challenge to a union's desire to increase membership due to
the issue of compatibility of unionism with professionalism.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

21. One of the reasons employees become alienated from their work is their loss of involvement in
their work when the machine dominated.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

22. In forming and joining a union, employees mainly consider whether the union will improve their
personal situations in terms of wages and benefits, promotional opportunities, and job security.

(A) True
(B) False

Answer : (A)

23. As a result of significant changes in the workforce, unions are investing funds in training union
organizers.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (A)

24. Positive human resource management practices, such as job enrichment/enlargement, internal
promotions, learning opportunities, bonus and merit pay, and employee involvement programs, seem
to increase nonunion workers' desire to vote for a union in a representation election.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

25. Surface Bargaining, is where the company "goes through the motions" of negotiating a contract
with the intention of reaching an agreement.

(A) True (B)

False

Answer : (B)

MULTICHOICE

26. The NLRB rule which specifies that a valid, signed agreement for a fixed period of three years or
less will bar any representation election for the life of the agreement is called the:

(A) Excelsior rule.

(B) Employee free choice act.

(C) Contract bar doctrine.

(D) Mandatory Secret Ballot Protection Act.

(E) Taft-Hartley Act.

Answer : (C)
27. Unions are improving their organizing capabilities through the training of union organizers at
the .

(A) Campaign and Election Tactics Program (CETP) Center.

(B) Institute for Unions

(C) George Meany Center.

(D) Union Training Association.

(E) Union Hall.

Answer : (C)

28. Whenever employees believe that the union is not representing the interests of the majority,
employees may initiate a:

(A) Reelection process.

(B) Decertification process.

(C) Deunionization.

(D) "Raid" election.

(E) Sit-down strike.

Answer : (B)

29. Which of the following is not an action by employer to encourage unionization?

(A) Ability to inform employees of the possibility of improvement without cost and without the
creation of a new bureaucracy.

(B) Difficulty to communicate with management.

(C) Use of the fact that most people find the thought of substantial change in their lives frightening.

(D) Internal promotions.

(E) Poor work environment.

Answer : (D)

30. The following is NOT a method or procedure in organizing unions:

(A) NLRB directives.

(B) Secret-ballot elections.

(C) Voluntary recognition

(D) Sit-down strikes.

(E) Card Check Procedure.

Answer : (D)

31. What percent of the anticipated bargaining unit is needed to conduct a representation election?

(A) 30%

(B) 20%

(C) 40%

(D) 50%

(E) greater than 50%

Answer : (A)

32. Which of the following employer tactic(s) has(ve) a negative effect (union loses) on election
outcome?

(A) Small group meetings

(B) House calls

(C) Committees of employees

(D) Demonstration of solidarity

(E) Hiring a labor lawyer.

Answer : (E)

33. A grouping of jobs or positions in which two or more employees share common employment and
conditions and are at the discretion of the NLRB is a/an:

(A) Craft shop.

(B) Union shop.

(C) Appropriate bargaining unit.

(D) Open shop.

(E) Closed shop

Answer : (C)

34. The following are paths that workers may mobilize along to take collective action and support
the union except:

(A) The ‘‘frustration'' which results when workers try to act on their own behalf.

(B) The ‘‘threat'' or an ‘‘attack'' that results when the employer takes away or threatens to take away
something the workers already have.

(C) A ‘‘rational calculation,'' which does not involve anger, but the workers become convinced that
the benefits of unionization outweigh its costs.

(D) Employee empowerment.

(E) Threats, attacks, and rational calculations.

Answer : (D)

35. Under the NLRA, the group of employees that has a choice on whether to be included in a mixed
bargaining unit is:

(A) Plant guards.

(B) Supervisors.

(C) Independent contractors.

(D) Professionals.

(E) Confidential employees.

Answer : (D)

36. The union pre-election campaign usually goes through the following stages except:

(A) Contacting employees for help or distribution of union literature.

(B) Airing grievances.

(C) Calling meetings.

(D) Identifying and educating leaders.

(E) Soliciting signatures on authorization cards.

Answer : (B)

37. When the NLRB establishes an appropriate bargaining unit, it constitutes the "community of
interests." Which of the following factors is NOT considered by the NLRB?

(A) History of bargaining

(B) Commonality of wages, working conditions, training, and skill

(C) Physical proximity of the world locations

(D) Transfers between facilities

(E) Employees in a single plant only.

Answer : (E)

38. How long after a consent election must an employer file a list of names, mailing and e-mail
addresses, and phone numbers of all eligible voters?

(A) Two business days.

(B) 24 hours

(C) 14 business days.

(D) 30 business days.

(E) 60 business days.

Answer : (A)

39. How long can the contract bar doctrine extend the 12-month statutory limitation on elections?

(A) Three years.

(B) 24 months.

(C) 48 months.

(D) Five years.

(E) Seventy-eight weeks.

Answer : (A)

40. A valid, signed agreement for a period of up to three years will bar any representation election
for the life of the agreement is specified by the NLRB's:

(A) Three-year election rule.

(B) Contract bar doctrine.

(C) Life-of-the-contract doctrine.

(D) Election time-out rule.

(E) Exclusionary election rule.

Answer : (B)
41. The legal duty of the exclusive bargaining agent after winning a representation election is to:

(A) Represent all employees who voted in the election.

(B) Represent fairly all employees in the bargaining unit.

(C) Represent all union members in the bargaining unit.

(D) Represent all employees of the Company.

(E) Represent all employees who voted in the election and all union members in the bargaining unit.

Answer : (B)

42. Which of the following groups are not considered "employees" and may not be in any bargaining
unit?

(A) Professional employees

(B) Craft employees

(C) Office employees

(D) Long-distance truck drivers

(E) Supervisors

Answer : (E)

43. When employees are required to attend a meeting to hear a presentation by the employer during
a pre-election union campaign, the meeting is called a/an:

(A) Captive audience.

(B) Shop talk.

(C) Union discussion.

(D) Closed audience.

(E) Open audience.

Answer : (A)

44. What percentage of the eligible voters usually vote in NLRB elections?

(A) 50 percent.

(B) 70 percent.

(C) 90 percent.
(D) 60 percent.

(E) 80 percent.

Answer : (C)

45. The book A Theory of the Labor Movement, in which the Scarcity Consciousness Theory is
described was written by:

(A) Samuel Gompers

(B) Karl Marx

(C) George Meany

(D) Selig Perlman

(E) John L. Lewis

Answer : (D)

46. The theory based on the belief that employees might seek collective action to relieve their
feelings of alienation is called the:

(A) Scarcity Consciousness Theory.

(B) Alienation Theory.

(C) Theory of the Labor Movement.

(D) Laissez Faire Theory.

(E) Totality of Conduct Theory.

Answer : (B)

47. The bill that if passed, will make it an unfair labor practice for an employer to recognize or
bargain with a union that has not been selected by a majority of employees in a secret ballot election
is called the:

(A) Employee Free Choice Act.

(B) Secret Ballot Protection Act.

(C) Taft-Hartley Act.

(D) National Labor Relations Act.

(E) Employment Relations Act.

Answer : (B)
48. The bill that required the NLRB to certify a union if the majority of employees signed union
authorization cards, stated a procedure for the invocation of the first collective bargaining
agreement, and imposed penalties for employer violations of certain unfair labor practices was
called the:

(A) Employee Free Choice Act.

(B) Secret Ballot Protection Act.

(C) Taft-Hartley Act.

(D) National Labor Relations Act.

(E) Employment Relations Act.

Answer : (A)

49. The union strategy that would place a union organizer in a job within a targeted company for the
purpose of initiating unionization is called:

(A) Canvassing.

(B) Solicitation strategy.

(C) Seeding.

(D) Union salts.

(E) Union enticer.

Answer : (D)

50. The rules that are allowed in health care facilities when they are applied to patient's rooms,
sitting rooms, operating rooms, and any other place patients receive treatment which affects the
patients' recovery are called:

(A) Solicitation rules.

(B) No-solicitation rules.

(C) Break-room rules.

(D) Meeting rooms rules.

(E) Canvassing rules.

Answer : (B)